2635 lines
378 KiB
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2635 lines
378 KiB
XML
<document id="4CA0608C9046B5BC32051BF0D2C7CDE4" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef34abf2-a217-4ef5-afdf-38ce6e0e7a1f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945875" ID-ZooBank="8009DD3B-53B0-45C9-921E-58D04C9C0B48" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623679233064" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tissier, Jérémy, Antoine, Pierre-Olivier & Becker, Damien" docDate="2021" docId="C53FFD4DD727FF9EFDADDC811956A6DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-753_1-80.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 753" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi 1940" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="39068535D704FFA7FF92D82A1A54A132" masterDocTitle="New species, revision, and phylogeny of Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1701996866390" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="105A34BE02B62B41C44F86A713CC7E27">New species, revision, and phylogeny of Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F5E8CDEFC6FEBC178910E24205B10D5">Tissier, Jérémy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B8DD77B25492D4F103F4ABEF0D838177">Route de Fontenais 21, JURASSICA Museum, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland & Chemin du musée 4, Université de Fribourg, Department of Geosciences, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="63CCC576BE69946674F1CB16A780D3EF">Antoine, Pierre-Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B81F5F24AF7B466F802343396D3C80FC">Place Eugène Bataillon, Institut des sciences de l’évolution de Montpellier-CNRS-IRD-RPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="930E6DCF944D71F13826ABC043AC1C4F" type="email">pierre-olivier.antoine@umontpellier.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E77F3AB650603D62A34F62FFF0BA1D6C">Route de Fontenais 21, JURASSICA Museum, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland & Chemin du musée 4, Université de Fribourg, Department of Geosciences, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B51A8B4B84540F5001E619B8D7231EBC" type="email">damien.becker@jurassica.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D58C14C62924910F941085994C7AE59D">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C53FFD4DD727FF9EFDADDC811956A6DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182751317" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4959528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C53FFD4DD727FF9EFDADDC811956A6DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C53FFD4DD727FF9EFDADDC811956A6DB" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FDADDC8119A0A5F4" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[575,1012,1195,1222]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
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<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FDADDC81191FA5F4" bold="true" box="[575,843,1195,1222]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FCC1DC8619A0A5F4" author="Kretzoi M." box="[851,1012,1196,1222]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FD4ADCE6190FA5D5" blockId="35.[575,1012,1195,1255]" box="[728,859,1228,1255]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED727FF84FD4ADCE6190FA5D5" box="[728,859,1228,1255]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStartId-0="39.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionStartId-1="41.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionStartId-2="43.[189,231,1822,1848]" captionStartId-3="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionStartId-4="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionStartId-5="49.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionStartId-6="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1397,265,1940]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1397,265,1866]" captionTargetBox-2="[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@40.[189,1397,265,1940]" captionTargetId-1="figure-73@41.[189,1397,265,1866]" captionTargetId-2="figure-110@43.[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetId-3="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetId-4="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetId-5="figure-247@49.[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetId-6="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="43" captionTargetPageId-3="46" captionTargetPageId-4="48" captionTargetPageId-5="49" captionTargetPageId-6="52" captionText-0="Fig. 15 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from La Ferté-Alais (late early Oligocene, France). – A. Left P2 MNHN.F.OBP55. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lingual view. A3. Labial view. – B. Left P4 MNHN.F.OBP56. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. B3. Labial view. – C. Left M1 MNHN.F.OBP59. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view.C3. Labial view. –D. Left M2 MNHN.F.OBP60. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. D3. Labial view. – E. Right M3 MNHN.F.OBP62. E1. Occlusal view. E2. Lingual view. E3. Labial view. – F. Left p2 MNHN.F.OBP65. F1. Occlusal view. F2. Labial view. F3. Lingual view. –G. Left p3 MNHN.F.OBP66. G1. Occlusal view. G2. Labial view. G3. Lingual view. – H. Left p4 MNHN.F.OBP69. H1. Occlusal view. H2. Labial view. H3. Lingual view. – I. Right m1? MNHN.F.OBP71. I1. Occlusal view. I2. Labial view. I3. Lingual view. – J. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP72. J1. Occlusal view. J2. Labial view. J3. Lingual view. – K. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP79. K1. Occlusal view. K2. Labial view. K3. Lingual view. – L–M. Lectotype right i2 MNHN.F.OBP63. L. Medial view. M. Anterior view. (Labial view towards the top). Scale bars: 2 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 16. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Poillat, near Delémont (late early Oligocene, Switzerland). – A–B. Left maxilla MJSN-POI-007-3219 with P1–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Drawing of P1–M3. – C–E. Right juvenile hemimandible MJSN-POI-007-174 with erupting i2, d1–4, m1 and erupting m2. C. Occlusal view. D. Medial view. E. Lateral view. Scale bars: 2 cm." captionText-2="Fig. 17. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A–B. Maxilla FSL-8547. A. Occlusal view. B. With left P1–M2 in lingual view. – C, E–F. Mandible FSL-8547 from the same individual. C. Occlusal view. E. With left p2–m3 in labial view. F. Right p3–m3 in lingual view. – D. Left i2 NMB-Mar-862, lingual view. – G–H. Left humerus FSL-9523. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. – I–J. Right radius FSL-520279+520280. I. Anterior view. J. Posterior view. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-3="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-4="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." captionText-5="Fig. 20. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–F. Left astragalus (BSPG collection). A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view. D. Medial view. E. Distal view. F. Proximal view. – G–K. Left MtIII BSPG-1952-II. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. I. Lateral view. J. Medial view. K. Proximal view. Abbreviations: c = cuboid; Cc1 = calcaneus facet 1; Cc2 = calcaneus facet 2; Cc3 = calcaneus facet 3; ct = collum tali; ec = ectocuneiform; f = fibula; ll = lateral lip; ml = medial lip; n = navicular; t = tuberosity. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-6="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959373" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945914" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945918" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945920" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4959373/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4945914/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4945918/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4945920/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 15–21</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDD2118CDA417" blockId="35.[189,1398,1291,1478]" box="[189,665,1291,1317]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D727FF84FF2FDD2118CDA417" box="[189,665,1291,1317]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD727FF84FF2FDD2118C1A417" author="Kretzoi M." box="[189,661,1291,1317]" page="91" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1940">
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<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDD2118C1A417" authority="Kretzoi, 1940: 91" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,661,1291,1317]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
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<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDD211BE9A417" box="[189,445,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE56DD2118C1A417" author="Kretzoi M." box="[452,661,1291,1317]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940: 91</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDD011925A477" blockId="35.[189,1398,1291,1478]" box="[189,881,1323,1350]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDD01184AA477" box="[189,542,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hypsolophiodon csobánkanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDB7DD011976A474" author="Kretzoi M." box="[549,802,1323,1350]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940: 94–95</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDD611B64A4B4" blockId="35.[189,1398,1291,1478]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D727FF84FF2FDD611B64A4B4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
?
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD727FF84FF46DD61192FA454" author="Spillmann F." box="[212,891,1355,1382]" page="253" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1969">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF46DD61192FA454" authority="Spillmann, 1969: 241 - 253" authorityName="Spillmann" authorityPageNumber="241 - 253" authorityYear="1969" box="[212,891,1355,1382]" class="Mammalia" family="Hyracodontidae" genus="Praeaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kerschneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF46DD611865A457" box="[212,561,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Praeaceratherium kerschneri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDA9DD61192FA454" author="Spillmann F." box="[571,891,1355,1382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 254" refId="ref42404" refString="Spillmann F. 1969. Neue Rhinocerothiden aus den Oligozanen Sanden des Linzer Beckens. Jahrbuch des Oberosterreichischen Musealvereines 114: 201 - 254." type="journal article" year="1969">Spillmann, 1969: 241–253</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 4 (bottom), 6, 13 (left), 15, pls XX– XXII.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDDA61B48A4F4" blockId="35.[189,1398,1291,1478]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D727FF84FF2FDDA61B48A4F4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD727FF84FF2FDDA619E5A494" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[189,945,1420,1446]" page="323" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="2009">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDDA619E5A494" authority="Menouret & Guerin, 2009: 314 - 323" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityPageNumber="314 - 323" authorityYear="2009" box="[189,945,1420,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDDA61BA5A494" box="[189,497,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE68DDA619E5A494" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[506,945,1420,1446]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin, 2009: 314–323</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 10, 12a, 13a, b?, c–e, 14a?, 15a, 16a.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF2FDDC01F22A736" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" box="[189,1398,1514,1541]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D727FF84FF2FDDC01F22A736" box="[189,1398,1514,1541]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDDC01BFDA736" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,425,1514,1540]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDDC01BFDA736" box="[189,425,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Acerotherium filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD727FF84FE55DDC118FCA737" author="Roman F." box="[455,680,1514,1541]" page="1559" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1910">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE55DDC118FCA737" author="Roman F." box="[455,680,1514,1541]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1558 - 1560" refId="ref42082" refString="Roman F. 1910. Sur les Rhinocerides de l'Oligocene d'Europe et leur filiation. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des Sciences 150: 1558 - 1560." type="journal article" year="1910">Roman 1910: 1559</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(from La Ferté Aleps = La Ferté-Alais, La Comberatière and
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF78DE211F22A757" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Marseille); 1912a: 55–56, fig. 17, pl. V–3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDE011BF9A777" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[189,429,1579,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDE011BF9A777" box="[189,429,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE59DE0118DAA777" author="Bonis L. de" box="[459,654,1579,1605]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref39866" refString="Bonis L. de. 1969. Les vertebres fossiles de Saint-Paul-des Landes. Revue de la Haute Auvergne 41: 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1969">Bonis 1969: 1–8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pls 1–2. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FCB6DE011E74A777" author="Ginsburg L." box="[804,1056,1579,1605]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1266 - 1268" refId="ref40822" refString="Ginsburg L. 1969. Une faune de Mammiferes terrestres dans le Stampien marin d'Etampes (Essonne). Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'Academie des sciences. Serie D, Sciences naturelles 268: 1266 - 1268." type="journal article" year="1969">Ginsburg 1969: 1267</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDE611B8EA757" box="[189,474,1611,1637]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDE611B8EA757" box="[189,474,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE67DE6118BDA757" author="Heissig K." box="[501,745,1611,1637]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 20–36</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 5, 6d, 7, 8d–g, 9c, 10c–d (from St-André, St-Henri,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF78DE411F22A7D4" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Marseille and Les Milles).?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF43DEA61811A794" authorityName="Heissig" authorityYear="1969" box="[209,581,1676,1702]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="filholi" subSpecies="elongatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF43DEA61811A794" box="[209,581,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium filholi elongatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDF0DEA61978A794" author="Heissig K." box="[610,812,1676,1702]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 53, 82 (from Cournon).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDE86185DA7F4" box="[189,521,1708,1734]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="filholi" subSpecies="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDE86185DA7F4" box="[189,521,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium filholi romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDB4DE861948A7F5" author="Heissig K." box="[550,796,1708,1735]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969: 55–90</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 20–24, 26c–d, pls 1–3, 4(13).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDEE61BEBA7D4" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,447,1740,1766]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDEE61BEBA7D4" box="[189,447,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FE4DDEE718E6A7D5" author="Brunet M." box="[479,690,1740,1767]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979: 155</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 7a, 9b, d, 10b, pls XVIb–n, XIXg–l, o–p (from Ferté-
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF78DEC61F22A635" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" box="[234,1398,1772,1799]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Alais, Etampes, Gaimersheim). —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FD07DEC719ECA635" author="Brunet M. & Hugueney M. & Jehenne Y." box="[661,952,1772,1799]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="323 - 359" refId="ref40222" refString="Brunet M., Hugueney M. & Jehenne Y. 1981. Cournon-les Soumeroux: Un nouveau site a vertebres d'auvergne; Sa place parmi les faunes de l'Oligocene superieur d'Europe. Geobios 14 (3): 323 - 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0016 - 6995 (81) 80179 - 9" type="journal article" year="1981">
|
||
Brunet
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FD62DEC71973A634" box="[752,807,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1981: 349
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FC7CDEC61F13A635" author="Ginsburg L. & Hugueney M." box="[1006,1351,1772,1799]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="83 - 134" refId="ref40862" refString="Ginsburg L. & Hugueney M. 1987. Les mammiferes terrestres des sables stampiens du Bassin de Paris. Annales de Paleontologie 73 (2): 83 - 134." type="journal article" year="1987">Ginsburg & Hugueney 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF78DF271F22A615" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" box="[234,1398,1805,1831]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FF78DF2718C3A615" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[234,663,1805,1831]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin 2009: 306–314</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 2, 7–9. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FCC9DF271E8AA615" author="Mennecart B. & Scherler L. & Hiard F. & Becker D. & Berger J. - P." box="[859,1246,1805,1831]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref41449" refString="Mennecart B., Scherler L., Hiard F., Becker D. & Berger J. - P. 2012. Large mammals from Rickenbach (Switzerland, reference locality MP 29, Late Oligocene): biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 131 (1): 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 011 - 0031 - 6" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mennecart
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FC70DF241E4CA615" box="[994,1048,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012: 166–169
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3(3, 4?,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF84FF78DF071F22A65A" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
5–7, 8?, 9?) (partim). —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FD82DF07192BA67A" author="Menouret B. & Chateauneuf J. - J. & Nury D. & Peigne S." box="[528,895,1837,1864]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="241 - 250" refId="ref41592" refString="Menouret B., Chateauneuf J. - J., Nury D. & Peigne S. 2015. Aubenas-les-Alpes, a forgotten Oligocene mammalian site in Provence (S-E France). Part I - Carnivora, Perissodactyla and Microflora. Annales de Paleontologie 101: 241 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2015.06.002" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Ménouret
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FD1BDF0418E8A675" box="[649,700,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015: 245–248
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 4–5a–d.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDF67187CA655" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" box="[189,552,1869,1895]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDF67187CA655" box="[189,552,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diaceratherium lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDDEDF6419CDA655" author="Mennecart B. & Scherler L. & Hiard F. & Becker D. & Berger J. - P." box="[588,921,1869,1896]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref41449" refString="Mennecart B., Scherler L., Hiard F., Becker D. & Berger J. - P. 2012. Large mammals from Rickenbach (Switzerland, reference locality MP 29, Late Oligocene): biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 131 (1): 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 011 - 0031 - 6" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mennecart
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FD46DF64195FA655" box="[724,779,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012: 169
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 3(10–11, 16), 4 (NMB-UM-2565)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD727FF83FF78DF471E86A016" blockId="35.[189,1398,1514,2025]" lastBlockId="36.[189,1332,265,356]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
(partim).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF2FDFA41BBBA69A" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[189,495,1934,1960]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF2FDFA41BBBA69A" box="[189,495,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FD98DFA41936A69A" author="Antoine P. - O. & Becker D." box="[522,866,1934,1960]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="135 - 146" refId="ref39152" refString="Antoine P. - O. & Becker D. 2013. A brief review of Agenian rhinocerotids in Western Europe. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 106 (2): 135 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00015 - 013 - 0126 - 8" type="journal article" year="2013">Antoine & Becker 2013: 140</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FC00DFA41ED6A69A" author="Jame C. & Tissier J. & Maridet O. & Becker D." box="[914,1154,1934,1960]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="7517" refId="ref41000" refString="Jame C., Tissier J., Maridet O. & Becker D. 2019. Early Agenian rhinocerotids from Wischberg (Canton Bern, Switzerland) and clarification of the systematics of the genus Diaceratherium. PeerJ 7: e 7517. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7517" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Jame
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FC44DFA51E5DA69A" box="[982,1033,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019: 21
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF58DF841BD1A6FA" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[202,389,1966,1992]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF58DF841BD1A6FA" box="[202,389,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FE08DF84185DA6FA" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[410,521,1966,1992]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FE08DF84185DA6FA" box="[410,521,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDB4DF841968A6FA" author="Becker D. & Antoine P. - O. & Mennecart B. & Tissier J." box="[550,828,1966,1993]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="395 - 408" refId="ref39634" refString="Becker D., Antoine P. - O., Mennecart B. & Tissier J. 2018. New rhinocerotid remains in the latest Oligocene - Early Miocene of the Swiss Molasse Basin. Revue de Paleobiologie 37 (2): 395 - 408." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Becker
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FD12DF8518E0A6FA" box="[640,692,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018: 401
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D727FF84FF58DFE41BAAA6DA" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[202,510,1998,2024]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FF58DFE41BAAA6DA" box="[202,510,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD727FF84FDBADFE41909A6DA" author="Blanchon M. & Antoine P. - O. & Blondel C. & de Bonis L." box="[552,861,1998,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="217 - 229" refId="ref39748" refString="Blanchon M., Antoine P. - O., Blondel C. & de Bonis L. 2018. Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the latest Oligocene Thezels locality, SW France, with a special emphasis on Mesaceratherium gaimersheimense Heissig, 1969. Annales de Paleontologie 104 (3): 217 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2018.06.001" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Blanchon
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D727FF84FD32DFE51880A6DA" box="[672,724,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018: 219
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FF65D9231BBEA011" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[247,490,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF65D9231BBEA011" box="[247,490,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FD95D92018B1A011" author="Lavocat R." box="[519,741,265,292]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref41246" refString="Lavocat R. 1951. Revision de la Faune des Mammiferes oligocenes d'Auvergne et du Velay. Sciences et Avenir, Paris." type="book" year="1951">Lavocat 1951: 116</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 19 fig. 3, pl. 26 fig. 1 (from Vendèze).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FD9001E9BA076" blockId="36.[189,1332,265,356]" box="[189,1231,297,324]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6D866B75D720FF83FF2FD9001E9BA076" box="[189,1231,297,324]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FF65D9031BADA071" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[247,505,297,323]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF65D9031BADA071" box="[247,505,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CC376A4AD720FF83FD85D90018B3A076" author="Brunet M." box="[535,743,297,324]" page="154" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FD85D90018B3A076" author="Brunet M." box="[535,743,297,324]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979: 154</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 15, pls XVII–XVIII (from Vendèze).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FD9601F60A056" blockId="36.[189,1332,265,356]" box="[189,1332,329,356]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FF65D9631BADA051" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[247,505,329,355]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF65D9631BADA051" box="[247,505,329,355]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FD85D960194DA056" author="Mennecart B. & Scherler L. & Hiard F. & Becker D. & Berger J. - P." box="[535,793,329,356]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref41449" refString="Mennecart B., Scherler L., Hiard F., Becker D. & Berger J. - P. 2012. Large mammals from Rickenbach (Switzerland, reference locality MP 29, Late Oligocene): biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 131 (1): 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 011 - 0031 - 6" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mennecart
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FD09D960189BA051" box="[667,719,329,355]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4 (NMO-K3/13, NMOI10/103) (partim).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D720FF83FF2FD9A21880A2C8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FD9A21BE3A090" blockId="36.[189,1399,392,527]" box="[189,439,392,418]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D720FF83FF2FD9A21BE3A090" bold="true" box="[189,439,392,418]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF2FD9A21BE3A090" bold="true" box="[189,439,392,418]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Historical diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FD99E19BFA33D" blockId="36.[189,1399,392,527]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FF2FD99E1B3EA0FC" author="Kretzoi M." box="[189,362,436,462]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not provide any proper diagnosis when he named the species in a footnote. The only mentioned characters are that “the molars have higher crown and less forward inclined, more verticallystanding lophs” than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FE27D9DE18FCA33C" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[437,680,500,526]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FE27D9DE18FCA33C" box="[437,680,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ronzotherium filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(translated by the authors).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDA191BE5A37F" blockId="36.[188,1400,563,891]" box="[189,433,563,589]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D720FF83FF2FDA191BE5A37F" bold="true" box="[189,433,563,589]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF2FDA191BE5A37F" bold="true" box="[189,433,563,589]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDA741B71A249" blockId="36.[188,1400,563,891]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">The I1 is oval in cross-section and the crochet and crista are sometimes present on the upper molars. The lingual cingulum of the upper cheek teeth is usually absent. The protoloph of P2 is mostly interrupted and disconnected from the ectoloph. The posterior valley of d2 is usually open. The lingual cingulum of the lower premolars is usually absent. The radius and ulna are in contact or fused and there is a single distal contact facet. The gutter for the musculus extensor carpi is weak on the radius and the proximal ulna facets are not always separated. The trapezium facet is small on the scaphoid. The transverse diameter/height ratio of the astragalus is above 1.2 and the posterior stop on the cuboid facet is absent. The Cc1 facet of the astragalus is nearly flat. The proximal border of the anterior side of the MtIII is concave.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDB8A1880A2C8" blockId="36.[188,1398,927,1019]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FEF8DB8A1BABA28B" box="[362,511,927,953]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FEF8DB8A1BABA28B" box="[362,511,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the deep median constriction of the distal humeral articulation and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D720FF83FF2FDBEA1B76A2E8" baseAuthorityName="Osborn" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[189,290,960,986]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF2FDBEA1B76A2E8" box="[189,290,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of i1, the single-rooted d/p1, the reduced paraconid on p2 and the high posterior expansion of the scaphoid facet on the radius.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D720FF82FF2FDC3519EFA472" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDC351B39A50A" blockId="36.[189,1001,1054,1157]" box="[189,365,1054,1081]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D720FF83FF2FDC351B39A50A" bold="true" box="[189,365,1054,1081]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF2FDC351B39A50A" bold="true" box="[189,365,1054,1081]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF78DC601891A557" blockId="36.[189,1001,1054,1157]" box="[234,709,1098,1125]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF78DC601B33A556" bold="true" box="[234,359,1098,1124]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D720FF83FF78DC601B33A556" box="[234,359,1098,1124]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FDB0DC6018E9A557" author="Heissig K." box="[546,701,1098,1125]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDC4119BDA5B6" blockId="36.[189,1001,1054,1157]" box="[189,1001,1130,1157]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2FDC4119BDA5B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594386" box="[189,1001,1130,1157]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="La Ferte-Alais" country="France" location="FRANCE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD720FF83FF2FDC411B65A5B7" box="[189,305,1131,1157]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
• right lower
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FE40DC401BB8A5B6" box="[466,492,1130,1156]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">i2</date>
|
||
; Essone,
|
||
<collectorName id="E063298DD720FF83FDC9DC41195DA5B6" box="[603,777,1130,1157]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">La Ferté-Alais</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED720FF83FC86DC401920A5B6" box="[788,884,1130,1156]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.OBP63.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF78DC8318AEA5F1" blockId="36.[189,1398,1193,1284]" box="[234,762,1193,1220]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF78DC831BF0A5F1" bold="true" box="[234,420,1193,1219]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D720FF83FF78DC831BF0A5F1" box="[234,420,1193,1219]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD720FF83FDCDDC8018A6A5F1" author="Brunet M." box="[607,754,1193,1220]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF2FDCE31839A436" blockId="36.[189,1398,1193,1284]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2FDCE3183DA436" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594310" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="La Ferte-Alais" country="France" location="FRANCE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD720FF83FF2FDCE31B65A5D1" box="[189,305,1225,1251]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
• 4 lower molars; same collection data as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D720FF83FCDEDCE319EFA5D1" box="[844,955,1225,1251]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED720FF83FC55DCE31E72A5D1" box="[967,1062,1225,1251]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.OBP72,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED720FF83FB30DCE31F55A5D1" box="[1186,1281,1225,1251]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.OBP76,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED720FF83FF2FDCC01B48A436" box="[189,284,1258,1284]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.OBP78,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED720FF83FE0BDCC01BADA436" box="[409,505,1258,1284]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.OBP79
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF83FF78DD021BB0A470" blockId="36.[185,1401,1320,2025]" box="[234,484,1320,1346]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FF78DD021BB0A470" bold="true" box="[234,484,1320,1346]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD720FF82FF2FDD631EA1A319" blockId="36.[185,1401,1320,2025]" lastBlockId="37.[187,1399,265,555]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2FDD631F37A451" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594473" box="[189,1379,1351,1379]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD720FF83FF2FDD631B65A451" box="[189,305,1353,1379]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FEC1DD631820A451" bold="true" box="[339,628,1351,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D720FF83FEC1DD631820A451" box="[339,628,1351,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">La Ferté-Alais, Essone</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 1 P2; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB05DD621F37A451" box="[1175,1379,1352,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP55</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2DDD4319D4A4B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594367" box="[191,896,1384,1411]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP56" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FF2DDD431AB2A4B1" box="[191,230,1385,1411]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="pupa">1 P</specimenCount>
|
||
4; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD21DD4219D4A4B1" box="[691,896,1384,1411]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP56</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FC05DD431821A496" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594426" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNH.F.OBP57" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
1 lingual fragment of P4; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE2FDDA31821A496" box="[445,629,1417,1444]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNH.F.OBP57</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD00DDA31F22A496" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594324" box="[658,1398,1417,1444]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FD00DDA318F5A491" box="[658,673,1417,1443]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">1</specimenCount>
|
||
M1; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB3BDDA31F22A496" box="[1193,1398,1417,1444]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP59</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF40DD831F32A4F1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594336" box="[210,1382,1449,1476]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP58, MNHN.F.OBP60, MNHN.F.OBP61" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FF40DD831B52A4F1" box="[210,262,1449,1475]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="male">3 M</specimenCount>
|
||
2; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD72DD8319E4A4F6" box="[736,944,1449,1476]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP58</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC2FDD831ED9A4F1" box="[957,1165,1449,1475]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP60</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB0BDD831F32A4F1" box="[1177,1382,1449,1475]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP61</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2CDDE0192BA4D1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594442" box="[190,895,1481,1508]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP62" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FF2CDDE01AA4A4D6" box="[190,240,1482,1508]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="male">1 M</specimenCount>
|
||
3; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD20DDE3192BA4D1" box="[690,895,1481,1507]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP62</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FC06DDE01BDCA736" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594309" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP86" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
1 d1; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FF29DDC01BDCA736" box="[187,392,1514,1540]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP86</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FE32DDC01E37A737" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594380" box="[416,1123,1514,1541]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP65" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FE32DDC01B93A736" box="[416,455,1514,1540]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="pupa">1 p</specimenCount>
|
||
2; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC04DDC01E37A737" box="[918,1123,1514,1541]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP65</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FBE9DDC01936A716" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594303" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP66, MNHN.F.OBP67" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-pupa="2" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FBE9DDC01EF7A736" box="[1147,1187,1514,1540]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="pupa">2 p</specimenCount>
|
||
3; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE2BDE2018DDA716" box="[441,649,1546,1572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP66</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD07DE201936A716" box="[661,866,1546,1572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP67</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FCEFDE20183EA776" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594313" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP68, MNHN.F.OBP69" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-pupa="2" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FCEFDE2019F0A716" box="[893,932,1546,1572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="pupa">2 p</specimenCount>
|
||
4; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FF2CDE001BDAA776" box="[190,398,1578,1604]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP68</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE0CDE00183EA776" box="[414,618,1578,1604]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP69</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD19DE00182EA7B7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594357" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="MNHN.F.OBP70, MNHN.F.OBP71, MNHN.F.OBP73, MNHN.F.OBP74, MNHN.F.OBP75, MNHN.F.OBP77" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Ferte-Alais, Essone" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
6 additional lower molars excluding the paralectotypes; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD8EDE6118B8A757" box="[540,748,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP70</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD66DE611997A757" box="[756,963,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP71</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC59DE611ECFA757" box="[971,1179,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP73</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB30DE611F26A757" box="[1186,1394,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP74</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FF2BDE411BC5A7B4" box="[185,401,1643,1670]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP75</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE33DE41182EA7B7" box="[417,634,1643,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN.F.OBP77</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD35DE401AAEA7F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594398" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" location="St-Henri" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL- 8547" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="St-Henri" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D720FF83FD35DE401E7AA7B7" bold="true" box="[679,1070,1642,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D720FF83FD35DE40194CA7B7" box="[679,792,1642,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">St-Henri</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D720FF83FCB0DE4019CEA7B7" box="[802,922,1642,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">St-André</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D720FF83FC36DE401E7AA7B7" box="[932,1070,1642,1669]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Les-Milles</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 1 complete maxilla P1- M2 (left) and P1-M3 (right) with subcomplete mandible with p2–m3 (left) and p3-m3 (right);
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FAAADEA11AAEA7F4" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL- 8547</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FE8BDE861EBCA7F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594429" box="[281,1256,1707,1735]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-520275" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 fragment of right maxilla with P1–3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC9CDE8119FDA7F4" box="[782,937,1707,1734]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-520275</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FA95DE861B68A7D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594451" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8835" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FAC6DE861F3BA7F4" box="[1364,1391,1708,1734]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">I1</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FF2DDEE61B68A7D5" box="[191,316,1740,1767]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8835</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FECADEE61B30A635" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594403" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-354a" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles">
|
||
2 right
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FE26DEE6184FA7D4" box="[436,539,1740,1766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">I2 and 1</date>
|
||
left
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FDC4DEE61826A7D4" box="[598,626,1740,1766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">I2</date>
|
||
, with the same inventory number;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FBB4DEE61EBAA7D5" box="[1062,1262,1740,1767]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB-Mar-354a</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FE13DEC619FFA635" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594428" box="[385,939,1772,1799]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9445" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FE59DEC61BB3A634" box="[459,487,1772,1798]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">i2</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE67DEC61825A635" box="[501,625,1772,1799]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9445</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FC5ADEC61BABA615" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594459" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9524, FSL-9448" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 right
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FBB6DEC61E14A634" box="[1060,1088,1772,1798]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">I2</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FBDDDEC61E98A635" box="[1103,1228,1772,1799]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9524</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection) and
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE11DF271BABA615" box="[387,511,1805,1831]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9448</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD8CDF27197DA615" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594469" box="[542,809,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9519" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right P1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FD3CDF26197DA615" box="[686,809,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9519</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FCDADF271E0DA615" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594425" box="[840,1113,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8557" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right D3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC4FDF261E0DA615" box="[989,1113,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8557</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FBEADF271F23A615" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594439" box="[1144,1399,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9530" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left D4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB6EDF261F23A615" box="[1276,1399,1804,1831]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9530</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF40DF071B8FA675" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594351" box="[210,475,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8834" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right P2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FECDDF071B8FA675" box="[351,475,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8834</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FE65DF0718BAA675" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594362" box="[503,750,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8833" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left P2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FDE1DF0718BAA675" box="[627,750,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8833</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FC99DF071E56A675" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594389" box="[779,1026,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8832" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left P3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC14DF071E56A675" box="[902,1026,1837,1863]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8832</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FB8DDF071F32A675" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594322" box="[1055,1382,1837,1863]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 right P4;
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FB39DF071F32A675" box="[1195,1382,1837,1863]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB-Mar-844</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FF2CDF6718D9A655" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594415" box="[190,653,1869,1895]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8828" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 left M3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FED7DF671B90A655" box="[325,452,1869,1895]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8828</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D720FF83FE40DF6718D9A655" box="[466,653,1869,1895]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB-Mar-862</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD3BDF671B73A6B5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594316" collectionCode="NMB-" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-520290, NMB- Mar-862" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 right M3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FCD3DF671988A65A" box="[833,988,1869,1896]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-520290</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection),
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FABBDF641B73A6B5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB- Mar-862</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FED4DF441F1EA6BA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594407" box="[326,1354,1901,1928]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8545" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 subcomplete mandible with p3–m3 (right) and p2–4 and m2–3 (left);
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB5FDF471F1EA6BA" box="[1229,1354,1901,1928]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8545</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FAFADF4419B7A69A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594320" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-843, NMB-Mar-861" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 right hemimandible with p3–m3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FDCCDFA4194FA69A" box="[606,795,1934,1960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB-Mar-843</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FCBBDFA419B7A69A" box="[809,995,1934,1960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMB-Mar-861</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FC6CDFA41BD5A6FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594457" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9524" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD720FF83FC6CDFA41E4AA69A" box="[1022,1054,1934,1960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">3 i</date>
|
||
2; NMB-Mar-862 (right and left),
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE96DF841BD5A6FB" box="[260,385,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9524</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FE32DF84183CA6FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594416" box="[416,616,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9521" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 d1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FE7EDF84183CA6FB" box="[492,616,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9521</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FD1ADF84197AA6DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594444" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-9520, FSL-9518, FSL-9517" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 rows with d2–3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FCE8DF8419ADA6FB" box="[890,1017,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9520</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB9BDF841ED1A6FB" box="[1033,1157,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9518</specimenCode>
|
||
(right),
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB60DF841F26A6FB" box="[1266,1394,1966,1993]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-9517</specimenCode>
|
||
, unnumbered specimen (possibly FSL-9519?) (left)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF83FCD5DFE41E6DA6DA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594319" box="[839,1081,1998,2024]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-8831" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 left p3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FC2FDFE41E6DA6DA" box="[957,1081,1998,2024]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-8831</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D720FF82FBC1DFE41BB1A016" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594464" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="FSL-520277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right P4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D720FF83FB49DFE41F22A6DB" box="[1243,1398,1998,2025]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FSL-520277</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE6ED9231E3DA016" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594448" box="[508,1129,265,292]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right m1/2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD32D923196EA016" box="[672,826,265,292]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520277</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB12D9231E66A076" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594402" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-8827, FSL-8829, FSL-8830" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
3 left m2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB68D9231F21A011" box="[1274,1397,265,291]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-8827</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection),
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE65D9001827A076" box="[503,627,298,324]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-8829</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection),
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC24D9001E66A076" box="[950,1074,298,324]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-8830</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FBD9D9001BB3A054" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594430" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520278" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 right m2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB48D9001F20A077" box="[1242,1396,298,325]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520278</specimenCode>
|
||
(not found in collection)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD93D9611EDEA057" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594399" box="[513,1162,331,357]" collectionCode="AIX" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-1, AIX.1979-2" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 right m3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD1DD961197EA057" box="[655,810,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-1</specimenCode>
|
||
• 1 left scapula;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC67D9611EDEA057" box="[1013,1162,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">AIX.1979-2</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB31D9611B60A0B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594391" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-9523" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 distal humerus;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2FD9411B60A0B4" box="[189,308,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-9523</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FED4D94619F0A0B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594312" box="[326,932,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520279, FSL-520280" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 radius in two fragments;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FDE2D9411953A0B4" box="[624,775,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520279</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC82D94119F0A0B4" box="[784,932,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520280</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC24D9461E85A0B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594370" box="[950,1233,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520285" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 scaphoid;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBAFD9411E85A0B4" box="[1085,1233,363,390]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520285</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB71D9461B89A095" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594365" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-9501, FSL-520283" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 trapezoids;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2FD9A61B63A095" box="[189,311,396,423]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-9501</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FEDBD9A61B89A095" box="[329,477,396,423]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520283</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD91D9A719BDA095" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594314" box="[515,1001,396,423]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520289, FSL-520282" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 unciforms;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD3ED9A61916A095" box="[684,834,396,423]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520289</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FCC7D9A619BDA095" box="[853,1001,396,423]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520282</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB9CD9A71F0BA095" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594372" box="[1038,1375,396,423]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-865" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 unciform;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB3ED9A61F0BA095" box="[1196,1375,396,423]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-865</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2FD9871BBCA0F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594343" accessionNumber="UPM 13667" box="[189,488,429,456]" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">1 left McIII; UPM 13667</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD98D9871E79A0FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594381" box="[522,1069,429,456]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-9505, FSL-520281" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
2 fragments of McIII;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC81D98719D9A0FA" box="[787,909,429,456]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-9505</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC0BD9871E79A0FA" box="[921,1069,429,456]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520281</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FBD5D9871F30A0F5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594404" box="[1095,1380,429,456]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-863" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 McIV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB20D9871F30A0F5" box="[1202,1380,429,455]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-863</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2CD9E41882A0DA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594420" box="[190,726,462,489]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-864" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 proximal fragment of McIV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FDB1D9E41882A0DA" box="[547,726,462,488]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-864</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD7FD9E419BCA0DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594411" box="[749,1000,462,489]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520287" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 McIV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FCC6D9E419BCA0DB" box="[852,1000,462,489]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520287</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC6DD9E41F34A0DA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594400" box="[1023,1376,462,488]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-828" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 distal femur;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB3CD9E41F34A0DA" box="[1198,1376,462,488]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-828</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2ED9C51840A33B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594383" box="[188,532,495,521]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-847e" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 navicular;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FEC7D9C51840A33B" box="[341,532,495,521]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-847e</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FDA6D9C51973A338" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594456" box="[564,807,495,522]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-9528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 cuboid;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD22D9C51973A338" box="[688,807,495,522]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-9528</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FCD4D9C51ED7A33B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594307" box="[838,1155,495,521]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-847d" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 cuboid;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC50D9C51ED7A33B" box="[962,1155,495,521]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-847d</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB30D9C5198FA318" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594301" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Mar-847a" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 MtII, originally identified as a McII by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD721FF82FE5CDA3A1958A318" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[462,780,528,554]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC8EDA3A198FA318" box="[796,987,528,554]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Mar-847a</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC66DA3A1EA5A319" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594374" box="[1012,1265,528,555]" collectionCode="FSL" country="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="FSL-520286" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Les-Milles" typeStatus="paralectotype">
|
||
1 MtIV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBCBDA3A1EA5A319" box="[1113,1265,528,555]" collectionCode="FSL-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FSL-520286</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDA651F5CA3FE" blockId="37.[188,1399,591,716]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2FDA6519FDA3FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594447" collectionCode="BSPG" country="Germany" location="Gaimersheim" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FF2FDA651B04A35B" box="[189,336,591,617]" name="Germany" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FEF9DA651842A35B" bold="true" box="[363,534,591,617]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<location id="48491A80D721FF82FEF9DA651842A35B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C53FFD4DD727FF9EFDADDC811956A6DB:48491A80D721FF82FEF9DA651842A35B" box="[363,534,591,617]" country="Germany" name="Gaimersheim" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Gaimersheim</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 1 axis and several fragments of vertebrae, 1 complete radius, 1 complete scaphoid and a fragmentary one, 1 partial magnum, 1 broken McIII in articulation with a well preserved McIV as well as an incomplete tibia, 1 almost complete astragalus, and all dental specimens already attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D721FF82FEC1DA981B9CA3F9" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[339,456,690,715]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FEC1DA981B9CA3F9" box="[339,456,690,715]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD721FF82FE66DA9B18F5A3FE" author="Heissig K." box="[500,673,689,716]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED721FF82FD23DA9818AEA3FE" box="[689,762,690,716]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r9n2-w98n" name="Bayerische Staatssammlung fuer Palaeontologie und Geologie" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BSPG</collectionCode>
|
||
(unnumbered)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC53DA981F5CA3FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594348" box="[961,1288,689,716]" collectingDate="1952-02" collectionCode="BSPG" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="BSPG-1952-II" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 left MtIII;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBC7DA9B1F50A3FE" box="[1109,1284,689,716]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
BSPG-
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD721FF82FB3EDA9B1F50A3FE" box="[1196,1284,689,716]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1952-02">1952-II</date>
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDADB1F58A547" blockId="37.[185,1399,752,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2FDADB1F03A239" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594358" box="[189,1367,752,779]" country="Switzerland" county="Canton, Poillat" location="Canton, Poillat" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jura">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FF2FDADB1BDAA239" box="[189,398,753,779]" name="Switzerland" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">SWITZERLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FE57DADB1889A238" bold="true" box="[453,733,752,779]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D721FF82FE57DADB1854A239" box="[453,512,753,779]" country="Switzerland" name="Jura" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Jura</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="A44834D7D721FF82FD86DADA1889A238" box="[532,733,752,778]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Canton, Poillat</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 1 fragment of squamosal; MJSN-POI-007-59
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2FDB3818B2A21E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594419" box="[189,742,785,812]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-3219" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 maxilla with P1–M3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE7ADB3818B2A21E" box="[488,742,786,812]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-3219</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC98DB381EFDA219" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594394" box="[778,1193,785,812]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 isolated
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD721FF82FC1FDB3819FCA21E" box="[909,936,786,812]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">I2</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC28DB3B1EFDA219" box="[954,1193,785,811]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-168</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB5EDB381BF9A27E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594329" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-346" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 isolated P4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2FDB181BF9A27E" box="[189,429,818,844]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-346</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE57DB191F31A27F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594308" box="[453,1381,818,845]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-174" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FE57DB19186DA27E" box="[453,569,818,845]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
hemimandible with
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD721FF82FCBBDB181914A27E" box="[809,832,818,844]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">i2</date>
|
||
–p1–m1 and erupting m2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBE4DB191F31A27F" box="[1142,1381,819,845]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-174</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2FDB791810A25F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594397" box="[189,580,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-937" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 isolated
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD721FF82FEA2DB791B1EA25F" box="[304,330,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">i2</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FEC6DB791810A25F" box="[340,580,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-937</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FDCADB7919B1A25F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594337" box="[600,997,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-211" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 isolated p4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD65DB7919B1A25F" box="[759,997,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-211</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC6BDB791BF9A2BC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594355" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-306, MJSN-POI-007-222" specimenCount="1">
|
||
2 scapulae;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBEDDB791F26A25F" box="[1151,1394,851,877]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-306</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2FDB5E1BF9A2BC" box="[189,429,884,910]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-222</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE4ADB5E1E3EA2BD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594431" box="[472,1130,884,911]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-PRC-005-1" specimenCount="1">
|
||
fragments of lumbar vertebra IV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC02DB5E1E3EA2BD" box="[912,1130,884,911]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-PRC-005-1</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB07DB5E1B37A29D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594363" collectionCode="MJSN" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN- BEU-001-280" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 sacrum;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FAB0DB5E1B37A29D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN- BEU-001-280</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FEE7DBBF18BEA29D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594344" box="[373,746,917,943]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="MJSN-POI-007-80" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 left femur;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD97DBBF18BEA29D" box="[517,746,917,943]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MJSN-POI-007-80</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. –
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC92DBBF1F23A29D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594359" box="[768,1399,917,944]" country="Switzerland" county="Canton, Rickenbach" location="Canton, Rickenbach" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zuerich">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FC92DBBF1E0DA29D" bold="true" box="[768,1113,917,943]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D721FF82FC92DBBF1902A29D" box="[768,854,917,943]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Zürich</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="A44834D7D721FF82FCCFDBBF1E0DA29D" box="[861,1113,917,943]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Canton,Rickenbach</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 1D3/4; NMB-UM-971
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF58DB9C1BC8A2E2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594382" box="[202,412,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Ri-24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FF58DB9C1AA6A2E2" box="[202,242,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">1 P</specimenCount>
|
||
2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE9EDB9C1BC8A2E2" box="[268,412,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Ri-24</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE21DB9C18DAA2E2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594330" box="[435,654,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-H9-13" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FE21DB9C1B8EA2E2" box="[435,474,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">1 P</specimenCount>
|
||
4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE67DB9C18DAA2E2" box="[501,654,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-H9-13</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD37DB9C19F7A2E2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594364" box="[677,931,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-972" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FD37DB9C188FA2E2" box="[677,731,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 M</specimenCount>
|
||
1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD63DB9C19F7A2E2" box="[753,931,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-972</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC28DB9C1F37A2E2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594349" box="[954,1379,950,977]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-K11/250, NMO-I12/13" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FC28DB9C19A4A2E2" box="[954,1008,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">2 M</specimenCount>
|
||
1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB94DB9C1EE9A2E3" box="[1030,1213,950,977]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-K11/250</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FB5ADB9C1F37A2E2" box="[1224,1379,950,976]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I12/13</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FF2EDBFD1BF1A2C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594335" box="[188,421,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-I12-24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FF2EDBFD1ABBA2C3" box="[188,239,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 M</specimenCount>
|
||
2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE9BDBFD1BF1A2C3" box="[265,421,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I12-24</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE2CDBFD18C5A2C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594338" box="[446,657,983,1009]" collectionCode="NMB-Ri" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Ri27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FE2CDBFD1BA5A2C3" box="[446,497,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 M</specimenCount>
|
||
2;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD99DBFD18C5A2C3" box="[523,657,983,1009]" collectionCode="NMB-Ri" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Ri27</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD3BDBFD1EA4A2C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594360" box="[681,1264,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-1840" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 maxilla fragment with P4–M1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBBDDBFD1EA4A2C3" box="[1071,1264,983,1009]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-1840</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FA9ADBFD19F2A520" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594453" collectionCode="SMNS" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 maxilla fragment with M2–3 (unnumbered in SMNS collection);
|
||
<collectionCode id="2B87D49ED721FF82FCC4DBD219F2A520" box="[854,934,1016,1042]" collectionName="Germany, Stuttgart, Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34840" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkund Stuttgart" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">SMNS</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC2FDBD21B28A501" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594455" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-3832" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 mandible with left and right p2–m3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2EDC331B28A501" box="[188,380,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-3832</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE05DC33183BA501" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594361" box="[407,623,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-H.R.2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FE05DC331B94A501" box="[407,448,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">1 p</specimenCount>
|
||
3;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE4EDC33183BA501" box="[476,623,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-H.R.2</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD18DC331937A501" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594340" box="[650,867,1048,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-L6/25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-pupa="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FD18DC3318E5A501" box="[650,689,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="pupa">1 p</specimenCount>
|
||
4;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD5DDC321937A501" box="[719,867,1048,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-L6/25</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FCECDC331E29A500" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594341" box="[894,1149,1048,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-806" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED721FF82FCECDC3319E6A501" box="[894,946,1049,1075]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="1.0">
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D721FF82FCECDC3319D9A501" box="[894,909,1049,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">1</specimenCount>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
1;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FC59DC321E29A500" box="[971,1149,1048,1074]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-806</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB0ADC331B24A561" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594332" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-973" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 broken humerus;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2CDC131B24A561" box="[190,368,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-973</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FE14DC1318CBA566" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594474" box="[390,671,1081,1108]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-I5-62" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 scaphoid;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FD80DC1318CBA566" box="[530,671,1081,1108]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I5-62</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD24DC1319E5A561" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594413" box="[694,945,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-Ri-21" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 lunate;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FCB3DC1319E5A561" box="[801,945,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-Ri-21</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC55DC131E99A566" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594408" box="[967,1229,1081,1108]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-I7-115" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 lunate;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBA0DC131E99A566" box="[1074,1229,1081,1108]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I7-115</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FB76DC131B03A546" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594422" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-I11-82" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 pyramidal;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FF2EDC701B03A546" box="[188,343,1114,1140]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I11-82</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FEE2DC7018E6A546" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594460" box="[368,690,1114,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-H10-110" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 magnum;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FE6EDC7018E6A546" box="[508,690,1114,1140]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-H10-110</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FD59DC70199BA546" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594333" box="[715,975,1114,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMO-I8-117" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 McIV;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FCA6DC70199BA546" box="[820,975,1114,1140]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMO-I8-117</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FDFE4606D721FF82FC7ADC701F5CA547" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3302594378" box="[1000,1288,1114,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCode="NMB-UM-2565" specimenCount="1">
|
||
1 MtII;
|
||
<specimenCode id="1D30E420D721FF82FBD1DC701F5CA547" box="[1091,1288,1114,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NMB-UM-2565</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDCB31B67A5E7" blockId="37.[189,1398,1177,1237]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
The specimens from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles have previously been attributed to“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D721FF82FB3CDCB31F3DA581" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[1198,1385,1177,1203]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FB3CDCB31F3DA581" box="[1198,1385,1177,1203]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D721FF82FF2FDC901B78A5E6" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[189,300,1210,1236]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF2FDC901B78A5E6" box="[189,300,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDCD31BAFA421" blockId="37.[189,955,1273,1344]" box="[189,507,1273,1299]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D721FF82FF2FDCD31BAFA421" bold="true" box="[189,507,1273,1299]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF2FDCD31BAFA421" bold="true" box="[189,507,1273,1299]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type horizon and locality</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDD0C19EFA472" blockId="37.[189,955,1273,1344]" box="[189,955,1317,1344]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
La Ferté-Alais (Essonne,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FE7BDD0C1869A472" box="[489,573,1318,1344]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
), MP24 (latest early Oligocene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D721FF82FF2FDD4E1EECA76A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDD4E1843A44C" blockId="37.[189,535,1380,1406]" box="[189,535,1380,1406]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D721FF82FF2FDD4E1843A44C" bold="true" box="[189,535,1380,1406]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF2FDD4E1843A44C" bold="true" box="[189,535,1380,1406]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Stratigraphical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDDBB1961A49E" blockId="37.[189,821,1425,1452]" box="[189,821,1425,1452]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">?MP23 (early Oligocene) to MP30 (latest Oligocene).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDDFA1856A4D8" blockId="37.[186,1399,1488,1624]" box="[189,514,1488,1514]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D721FF82FF2FDDFA1856A4D8" bold="true" box="[189,514,1488,1514]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF2FDDFA1856A4D8" bold="true" box="[189,514,1488,1514]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDDD71EECA76A" blockId="37.[186,1399,1488,1624]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FF2FDDD71B45A725" box="[189,273,1533,1559]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Aubenas-les-Alpes, La Bénissons-Dieu, Brons, La Comberatière, Cournon, Étampes, Gannat?, Itteville, Pech Desse, Sainte-Quitterie, St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles (= ‘Marseille’), Vodable.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FA90DE371F20A705" box="[1282,1396,1565,1591]" name="Germany" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Gaimersheim.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FEF5DE141B86A76A" box="[359,466,1598,1624]" name="Hungary" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Csobánka.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD721FF82FDCDDE1418A4A76A" box="[607,752,1598,1624]" name="Switzerland" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Poillat, Rickenbach, Rüfi bei Schänis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="058C1FD0D721FF9EFF2FDE571956A6DB" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDE571B1AA7A5" blockId="37.[189,1399,1661,1797]" box="[189,334,1661,1687]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<heading id="1661FB37D721FF82FF2FDE571B1AA7A5" bold="true" box="[189,334,1661,1687]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF2FDE571B1AA7A5" bold="true" box="[189,334,1661,1687]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF78DE831E6DA637" blockId="37.[189,1399,1661,1797]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D721FF82FF78DE83183EA7F1" bold="true" box="[234,618,1705,1731]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Material from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D721FF82FE40DE83185CA7F1" box="[466,520,1705,1731]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Part of this material was already described (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD721FF82FD29DEE0190EA7D6" author="Heissig K." box="[699,858,1738,1764]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref40927" refString="Heissig K. 1969. Die Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) aus der oberoligozanen Spaltenfullung von Gaimersheim bei Ingolstadt in Bayern und ihre phylogenetische Stellung. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 138. Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich." type="book" year="1969">Heissig 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD721FF82FCF7DEE119ACA7D6" author="Brunet M." box="[869,1016,1738,1765]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but we provide here some short updated descriptions. Only isolated teeth are preserved from La Ferté-Alais.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD721FF82FF2FDF001EB1A6DA" blockId="37.[188,1399,1834,2025]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
ANTERIOR DENTITION. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D721FF82FE78DF001802A676" box="[490,598,1834,1860]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
right lower i2 (MNHN.F.OBP63) is large and tusk-like (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED721FF82FA92DF001A8FA657" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-13@40.[189,1397,265,1940]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 15 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from La Ferté-Alais (late early Oligocene, France). – A. Left P2 MNHN.F.OBP55. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lingual view. A3. Labial view. – B. Left P4 MNHN.F.OBP56. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. B3. Labial view. – C. Left M1 MNHN.F.OBP59. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view.C3. Labial view. –D. Left M2 MNHN.F.OBP60. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. D3. Labial view. – E. Right M3 MNHN.F.OBP62. E1. Occlusal view. E2. Lingual view. E3. Labial view. – F. Left p2 MNHN.F.OBP65. F1. Occlusal view. F2. Labial view. F3. Lingual view. –G. Left p3 MNHN.F.OBP66. G1. Occlusal view. G2. Labial view. G3. Lingual view. – H. Left p4 MNHN.F.OBP69. H1. Occlusal view. H2. Labial view. H3. Lingual view. – I. Right m1? MNHN.F.OBP71. I1. Occlusal view. I2. Labial view. I3. Lingual view. – J. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP72. J1. Occlusal view. J2. Labial view. J3. Lingual view. – K. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP79. K1. Occlusal view. K2. Labial view. K3. Lingual view. – L–M. Lectotype right i2 MNHN.F.OBP63. L. Medial view. M. Anterior view. (Labial view towards the top). Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959373/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15L– M</figureCitation>
|
||
). The root and the tip of the crown are broken, and the enamel is thin. The wear facet for the upper I1 is probably absent, either because of the absence of contact between these two teeth or because the tooth was not completely erupted if it belonged to a young individual. The transverse outline of the crown is drop-shaped, whereas the root is oval-shaped. There is a sharp mesial crest on the mesial border of the crown as well as a weaker crest on the lateral border. There is also a distomesial cingulum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF81FF2FD9231BDBA071" blockId="38.[189,1398,265,324]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
UPPER CHEEK TEETH. Seven isolated upper cheek teeth are preserved in La Ferté-Alais (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED722FF81FB3CD9231F69A016" box="[1198,1341,265,292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-13@40.[189,1397,265,1940]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 15 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from La Ferté-Alais (late early Oligocene, France). – A. Left P2 MNHN.F.OBP55. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lingual view. A3. Labial view. – B. Left P4 MNHN.F.OBP56. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. B3. Labial view. – C. Left M1 MNHN.F.OBP59. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view.C3. Labial view. –D. Left M2 MNHN.F.OBP60. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. D3. Labial view. – E. Right M3 MNHN.F.OBP62. E1. Occlusal view. E2. Lingual view. E3. Labial view. – F. Left p2 MNHN.F.OBP65. F1. Occlusal view. F2. Labial view. F3. Lingual view. –G. Left p3 MNHN.F.OBP66. G1. Occlusal view. G2. Labial view. G3. Lingual view. – H. Left p4 MNHN.F.OBP69. H1. Occlusal view. H2. Labial view. H3. Lingual view. – I. Right m1? MNHN.F.OBP71. I1. Occlusal view. I2. Labial view. I3. Lingual view. – J. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP72. J1. Occlusal view. J2. Labial view. J3. Lingual view. – K. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP79. K1. Occlusal view. K2. Labial view. K3. Lingual view. – L–M. Lectotype right i2 MNHN.F.OBP63. L. Medial view. M. Anterior view. (Labial view towards the top). Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959373/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15A–E</figureCitation>
|
||
), but no upper incisors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF81FF2FD9421EADA236" blockId="38.[188,1400,359,772]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">UPPER PREMOLARS. Only P2 (MNHN.F.OBP55) and P4 (MNHN.F.OBP56) are preserved. A lingual fragment of P4 (MNH.F.OBP57) is also preserved but is not informative. The lingual cingulum is strong and continuous on upper premolars and is deeply rippled in lingual view. The labial cingulum is fainted between the paracone and metacone of P4 and completely absent on P2. Crochet and antecrochet are completely absent and there is no protocone constriction. On P2, the protocone and hypocone are separated, but they are united by a bridge at the base of the tooth. The protocone is as strong as the hypocone and the protoloph is separated from the ectoloph. The metaloph is transverse. The paracone and metacone folds are wide and strong, whereas the parastyle is rather weak. On P4, the protocone and hypocone are fused, there is no lingual groove separating them and the protoloph is L-shaped. It is only weakly connected to the ectoloph. The metaloph is weak, S-shaped, directed postero-lingually and does not join the protocone nor the metacone. It joins however the wide and shallow crista at the base of the paracone. The paracone and metacone folds are very strong and separated by a deep groove of the ectoloph. The parastyle is large and the metastyle short. The postfossette is long and narrow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF81FF2FDB031975A596" blockId="38.[186,1399,808,1189]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">UPPER MOLARS. Five upper molars are preserved: one M1 (MNHN.F.OBP59), three M2 (MNHN.F.OBP58, MNHN.F.OBP60 and MNHN.F.OBP61) and one M3 (MNHN.F.OBP62). The upper molars have almost no lingual cingulum, except on one M2, where it is strong and continuous under the protocone. The labial cingulum is restricted to the posterior-most part of the ectoloph under the metacone. The antecrochet is strong on M1–2 but very weak on M3. There is a weak crochet on M1–2 that would disappear early with wear and the crista is always absent. There is no protocone constriction. The paracone fold is strong and the metacone fold and mesostyle are completely absent. The metaloph is long but the metastyle is quite short. There is a small hypostyle in the postfossette of M1, contiguous to the strong posterior cingulum. The posterior part of the ectoloph of M1–2 is very straight. The postfossette is deep, below the posterior cingulum. There is no lingual groove of the protocone. The ectoloph and metaloph of M3 are fused into an ectometaloph, and there is no posterior groove. It is quadrangular. The posterior cingulum is strong and continuous and the protocone is not constricted.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF81FF2FDCE31840A436" blockId="38.[189,1398,1224,1284]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
LOWER CHEEK TEETH. Sixteen lower cheek teeth are preserved in La Ferté-Alais, including six premolars and ten molars (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED722FF81FEE8DCC31853A436" box="[378,519,1257,1284]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-13@40.[189,1397,265,1940]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 15 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from La Ferté-Alais (late early Oligocene, France). – A. Left P2 MNHN.F.OBP55. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lingual view. A3. Labial view. – B. Left P4 MNHN.F.OBP56. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. B3. Labial view. – C. Left M1 MNHN.F.OBP59. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view.C3. Labial view. –D. Left M2 MNHN.F.OBP60. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. D3. Labial view. – E. Right M3 MNHN.F.OBP62. E1. Occlusal view. E2. Lingual view. E3. Labial view. – F. Left p2 MNHN.F.OBP65. F1. Occlusal view. F2. Labial view. F3. Lingual view. –G. Left p3 MNHN.F.OBP66. G1. Occlusal view. G2. Labial view. G3. Lingual view. – H. Left p4 MNHN.F.OBP69. H1. Occlusal view. H2. Labial view. H3. Lingual view. – I. Right m1? MNHN.F.OBP71. I1. Occlusal view. I2. Labial view. I3. Lingual view. – J. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP72. J1. Occlusal view. J2. Labial view. J3. Lingual view. – K. Paralectotype right m3? MNHN.F.OBP79. K1. Occlusal view. K2. Labial view. K3. Lingual view. – L–M. Lectotype right i2 MNHN.F.OBP63. L. Medial view. M. Anterior view. (Labial view towards the top). Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959373/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15F–K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF81FF2FDD021E9FA7F1" blockId="38.[188,1400,1319,1732]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">LOWER PREMOLARS. Only one left d1 is known (MNHN.F.OBP86). It is very simple and has two cuspids: a very large protoconid and a small posterior cusp, possibly the hypoconid. There is a small paralophid, weakly constricted, but no anterior valley. The posterior valley is more developed. There is only a very short anterior cingulum but no lingual or labial one. The root is broken. A left p2 (MNHN.F.OBP65) and a left p3 (MNHN.F.OBP66) could have belonged to the same individual, whereas the right p3 (MNHN.F.OBP67) and the right p4 (MNHN.F.OBP68) could have belonged to another. Another left p4 (MNHN.F.OBP69) cannot be attributed to any individual. The p2 and p3 bear labial vertical rugosities whereas p4 only has discontinuous cingulum. The lingual cingulum is weak and only present at the opening of the valleys. The ectolophid groove is angular on p4, but less developed on p2–3, and it always disappears before the neck. The metaconid is very slightly constricted. The entoconid is either completely absent or very weak. The posterior valley is wide and U-shaped on p4 but narrower on p2–3. The paralophid of p2 is not constricted and the anterior valley is absent. The paraconid is reduced. The posterior valley is narrowly open. The anterior branch of the paralophid is long on p3–4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD722FF80FF2FDEC21B2CA074" blockId="38.[189,1399,1768,2025]" lastBlockId="39.[189,1398,265,326]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
LOWER MOLARS. The isolated lower molars are difficult to differentiate from one another, so they will be discussed globally. The ectolophid groove is developed until the neck. The trigonid is angular, in right dihedron, while the talonid is rounded. The entoconid and metaconid are very slightly constricted. Lingual cingulum is only present in the posterior valley of
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D722FF81FC19DF631E66A650" box="[907,1074,1864,1891]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, otherwise it is completely absent. However, the anterolingual cingulum is present in the opening of the anterior valley, though it is weak. The labial cingulum is usually present, anteriorly, labially and in the ectolophid groove, but it is always discontinuous and rather weak. The hypolophid and protolophid are slightly oblique. There is no lingual groove of the entoconid. The anterior branch of the paralophid is high and long. The opening of the anterior valley is higher than the posterior one. The posterior cingulum is always present, strong and continuous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF78D940180EA0B6" blockId="39.[188,1401,362,804]" box="[234,602,362,388]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF78D940180EA0B6" bold="true" box="[234,602,362,388]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material from other localities</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF2FD9A0189FA216" blockId="39.[188,1401,362,804]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE FROM POILLAT. A complete upper tooth row (MJSN-POI-007-3219) and a very well-preserved juvenile mandible (MJSN-POI-007-174) are preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED723FF80FBBCD9801ED3A0F6" box="[1070,1159,426,452]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="41.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,265,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-73@41.[189,1397,265,1866]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Fig. 16. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Poillat, near Delémont (late early Oligocene, Switzerland). – A–B. Left maxilla MJSN-POI-007-3219 with P1–M3. A. Occlusal view. B. Drawing of P1–M3. – C–E. Right juvenile hemimandible MJSN-POI-007-174 with erupting i2, d1–4, m1 and erupting m2. C. Occlusal view. D. Medial view. E. Lateral view. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945914/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) from the recently discovered locality of Poillat, near Delémont (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8F5282B9D723FF80FD7ED9E0194BA0D6" box="[748,799,458,484]" country="Switzerland" name="Jura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Jura</collectingRegion>
|
||
Canton,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD723FF80FC1DD9E01E74A0D7" box="[911,1056,458,485]" name="Switzerland" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
), which also yielded a wellpreserved skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D723FF80FE1DD9C01E4DA336" authority="Becker & Antoine, 2013" authorityName="Becker & Antoine" authorityYear="2013" box="[399,1049,490,516]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Epiaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delemontense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE1DD9C018AFA336" box="[399,763,490,516]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Epiaceratherium delemontense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD723FF80FC92D9C01E4DA336" author="Antoine P. - O. & Becker D." box="[768,1049,490,516]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="135 - 146" refId="ref39152" refString="Antoine P. - O. & Becker D. 2013. A brief review of Agenian rhinocerotids in Western Europe. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 106 (2): 135 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00015 - 013 - 0126 - 8" type="journal article" year="2013">Becker & Antoine, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another rhinocerotid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD723FF80FA8DD9C01B6AA316" author="Becker D. & Antoine P. - O. & Maridet O." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="947 - 972" refId="ref39579" refString="Becker D., Antoine P. - O. & Maridet O. 2013. A new genus of Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Oligocene of Europe. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 11 (8): 947 - 972. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2012.699007" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Becker
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF2FDA211AADA316" box="[189,249,522,548]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The upper teeth are very worn, indicating a very old individual, but some characters can nonetheless be observed. The P1 is quite large, with a well-developed parastyle, and a single large lingual cusp. The ectoloph is convex. The paracone and metacone folds are strong on P2–4. There is almost no labial cingulum, but the lingual is subcomplete (it slightly faints below the protocone) and waved. The protocone and hypocone of P2 are connected by a lingual bridge. The protoloph is very short and does not connect to the ectoloph while the metaloph is oblique and connects to the paracone. The protocone and hypocone of P3–4 were either fused or connected. The molars have neither lingual nor labial cingulum, except below the metacone and at the opening of the median valley of M3. There is a posterior groove on the ectometaloph of M3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF2FDB621BECA2D0" blockId="39.[189,1399,840,994]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">The juvenile mandible is subcomplete. The symphysis is slightly upraised compared with the corpus mandibulae and its posterior border was just in front of d1. The foramen mentale is below p1 and there is no lingual groove for the sulcus mylohyoideus. The base of the corpus is completely straight, and the ramus is vertical. The coronoid apophysis is large and well-developed. The foramen mandibulare was below the teeth neck.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF2FDC2C1ED7A592" blockId="39.[189,1399,1030,1185]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">The i2 is partly unerupted. The d1 is single rooted and very simple. The posterior valley is very small. Lingual and labial cingulum are completely absent on d1–4 and m1 and there are no vertical rugosities on the ectolophid. The protoconid fold is present and the metaconid is slightly constricted on d3–4, but not the entoconid. The paralophid of d2–3 is double and the ectolophid folds are absent. The anterior groove of the ectolophid is present on d2 and its posterior valley is open lingually.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF78DCEE1BB7A5EC" blockId="39.[189,1399,1220,1535]" box="[234,483,1220,1246]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF78DCEE1BB7A5EC" bold="true" box="[234,483,1220,1246]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Postcranial remains</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF2FDCCE1F22A4CC" blockId="39.[189,1399,1220,1535]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Until now, the postcranial skeleton of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D723FF80FD04DCCF195AA5CC" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[662,782,1253,1278]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD04DCCF195AA5CC" box="[662,782,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was almost completely unknown. No remains are preserved in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D723FF80FE15DD2F1BEEA42D" box="[391,442,1285,1311]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of La Ferté-Alais and only a few bones were described from St-Henri/ St-André/Les-Milles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD723FF80FE53DD0F18A3A40D" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[449,759,1316,1343]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Rickenbach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD723FF80FC48DD0F1EB2A40D" author="Mennecart B. & Scherler L. & Hiard F. & Becker D. & Berger J. - P." box="[986,1254,1316,1343]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref41449" refString="Mennecart B., Scherler L., Hiard F., Becker D. & Berger J. - P. 2012. Large mammals from Rickenbach (Switzerland, reference locality MP 29, Late Oligocene): biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 131 (1): 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 011 - 0031 - 6" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mennecart
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBF1DD0F1EF4A40C" box="[1123,1184,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): a scapula, a distal femur, a cuboid and an ectocuneiform from the former locality, and a distal humerus, two astragali and various metapods from the latter. However, after re-examination of the material from Gaimersheim, several postcranial remains can be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D723FF80FC01DDAF1E53A4AC" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[915,1031,1413,1438]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC01DDAF1E53A4AC" box="[915,1031,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a complete radius, a complete scaphoid, a partial magnum, a broken McIII articulated with a well-preserved McIV as well as an almost complete astragalus and a MtIII. These specimens are of drastic importance because they can be confidently attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D723FF80FE4CDDCE18D7A4CC" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[478,643,1508,1534]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE4CDDCE18D7A4CC" box="[478,643,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, contrary to specimens from other localities such as Rickenbach
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D723FF80FF2FDE611F22A6DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959373" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4959373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959373/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[189,232,1611,1637]" targetBox="[189,1397,265,1940]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD723FF80FF2FDE611F22A6DB" blockId="39.[186,1399,1611,2025]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF2FDE611B41A757" bold="true" box="[189,277,1611,1637]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 15</emphasis>
|
||
(next page).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D723FF80FE29DE61193BA757" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[443,879,1611,1637]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE29DE611894A757" box="[443,704,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD723FF80FD58DE61193BA757" author="Kretzoi M." box="[714,879,1611,1637]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from La Ferté-Alais (late early Oligocene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD723FF80FF2FDE451B46A7BB" box="[189,274,1647,1673]" name="France" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FED6DE441B0DA7BA" bold="true" box="[324,345,1646,1672]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Left P2 MNHN.F.OBP55.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD26DE44188CA7BA" bold="true" box="[692,728,1646,1672]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC35DE441998A7BA" bold="true" box="[935,972,1646,1672]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB02DE441EE7A7BA" bold="true" box="[1168,1203,1646,1672]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A3</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF2FDEBB1A85A799" bold="true" box="[189,209,1681,1707]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Left P4 MNHN.F.OBP56.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FDBADEBB181EA799" bold="true" box="[552,586,1681,1707]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC8ADEBB196EA799" bold="true" box="[792,826,1681,1707]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC6EDEBB1E4BA799" bold="true" box="[1020,1055,1681,1707]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B3</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB78DEBB1EABA799" bold="true" box="[1258,1279,1681,1707]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Left M1 MNHN.F.OBP59.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE04DE9E1BEDA7FC" bold="true" box="[406,441,1716,1742]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FDE4DE9E18CEA7FC" bold="true" box="[630,666,1716,1742]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FCD4DE9E193EA7FC" bold="true" box="[838,874,1716,1742]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C3</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB8EDE9F1E65A7FD" bold="true" box="[1052,1073,1717,1743]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Left M2 MNHN.F.OBP60.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FF28DEFD1A8AA7C3" bold="true" box="[186,222,1751,1777]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE34DEFD1B9DA7C3" bold="true" box="[422,457,1751,1777]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD11DEFD18F2A7C3" bold="true" box="[643,678,1751,1777]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D3</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FCF4DEF2192DA7C0" bold="true" box="[870,889,1752,1778]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Right M3 MNHN.F.OBP62.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB4DDEFD1F55A7C3" bold="true" box="[1247,1281,1751,1777]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE91DED11B72A627" bold="true" box="[259,294,1787,1813]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE4CDED11854A627" bold="true" box="[478,512,1787,1813]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E3</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD2CDED11884A627" bold="true" box="[702,720,1787,1813]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Left p2 MNHN.F.OBP65.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB8ADED11E6CA627" bold="true" box="[1048,1080,1787,1813]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB6EDED11F49A627" bold="true" box="[1276,1309,1787,1813]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE93DF341B76A60A" bold="true" box="[257,290,1822,1848]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE74DF341BA9A60A" bold="true" box="[486,509,1822,1848]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Left p3 MNHN.F.OBP66.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FCAFDF341936A60A" bold="true" box="[829,866,1822,1848]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBB2DF341E11A60A" bold="true" box="[1056,1093,1822,1848]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FB75DF341F59A60A" bold="true" box="[1255,1293,1822,1848]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE8ADF6B1B7BA669" bold="true" box="[280,303,1857,1883]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Left p4 MNHN.F.OBP69.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FDE7DF6B18CFA669" bold="true" box="[629,667,1857,1883]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FCCFDF6B19D6A669" bold="true" box="[861,898,1857,1883]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBBBDF6B1E1AA669" bold="true" box="[1065,1102,1857,1883]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FA89DF6B1F72A669" bold="true" box="[1307,1318,1857,1883]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Right m1? MNHN.F.OBP71.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE45DF4E1BA6A64C" bold="true" box="[471,498,1892,1918]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">I1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD29DF4E1882A64C" bold="true" box="[699,726,1892,1918]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">I2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC16DF4E19CBA64C" bold="true" box="[900,927,1892,1918]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">I3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBE4DF4F1ED1A64D" bold="true" box="[1142,1157,1893,1919]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D723FF80FB04DF4E1F62A64C" box="[1174,1334,1892,1918]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
right m3? MNHN.F.OBP72.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE44DFAD1BA7A693" bold="true" box="[470,499,1927,1953]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD28DFAD1882A693" bold="true" box="[698,726,1927,1953]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC10DFAD19CAA693" bold="true" box="[898,926,1927,1953]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBE3DFA21ED3A690" bold="true" box="[1137,1159,1928,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">K</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D723FF80FB05DFA21F63A690" box="[1175,1335,1928,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
right m3? MNHN.F.OBP79.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE43DF811BA3A6F7" bold="true" box="[465,503,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">K1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FD2BDF81188AA6F7" bold="true" box="[697,734,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">K2</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FC16DF8119FDA6F7" bold="true" box="[900,937,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">K3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FBE4DF811EE0A6F7" bold="true" box="[1142,1204,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">L–M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D723FF80FB51DF811F6CA6F7" box="[1219,1336,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
right i2 MNHN.F.OBP63.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FE26DFE41B9CA6DA" bold="true" box="[436,456,1998,2024]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D723FF80FDE6DFE418C4A6DA" bold="true" box="[628,656,1998,2024]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view. (Labial view towards the top). Scale bars:
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED723FF80FAA7DFE41F25A6DB" box="[1333,1393,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D72DFF8EFF2FDF491ED5A6DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945914" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945914/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[189,232,1891,1917]" targetBox="[189,1397,265,1866]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72DFF8EFF2FDF491ED5A6DA" blockId="41.[189,1399,1891,2024]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFF2FDF491B75A64F" bold="true" box="[189,289,1891,1917]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72DFF8EFEA2DF4918A4A64C" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[304,752,1891,1918]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFEA2DF49186DA64F" box="[304,569,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72DFF8EFDDADF4918A4A64C" author="Kretzoi M." box="[584,752,1891,1918]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Poillat, near Delémont (late early Oligocene, Switzerland). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFEECDFAC1BE0A692" bold="true" box="[382,436,1926,1952]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Left maxilla MJSN-POI-007-3219 with P1–M3.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFB9DDFAC1E76A692" bold="true" box="[1039,1058,1926,1952]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFB7FDFAD1EABA693" bold="true" box="[1261,1279,1927,1953]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Drawing of P1–M3. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFEF2DF801BC1A6F6" bold="true" box="[352,405,1962,1988]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C–E</emphasis>
|
||
. Right juvenile hemimandible MJSN-POI-007-174 with erupting i2, d1–4, m1 and erupting m2.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFEC8DFE71B3BA6D5" bold="true" box="[346,367,1997,2023]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFDA0DFE71813A6D5" bold="true" box="[562,583,1997,2023]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72DFF8EFD64DFE7195EA6D5" bold="true" box="[758,778,1997,2023]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. Scale bars: 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72EFF8DFF2FD9201E98A34E" blockId="42.[187,1400,265,636]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
or ‘Marseille’, that were previously partly referred to as the co-occurring
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBC5D9231F46A011" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[1111,1298,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBC5D9231F46A011" box="[1111,1298,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mostly because of their dimensions. Yet, based on fine anatomical comparisons, we now refer most of the specimens from ‘Marseille’ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED72EFF8DFD9DD96718C5A05A" box="[527,657,333,360]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="43.[189,231,1822,1848]" captionStartId-1="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetBox-0="[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetId-0="figure-110@43.[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId-0="43" captionTargetPageId-1="46" captionText-0="Fig. 17. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A–B. Maxilla FSL-8547. A. Occlusal view. B. With left P1–M2 in lingual view. – C, E–F. Mandible FSL-8547 from the same individual. C. Occlusal view. E. With left p2–m3 in labial view. F. Right p3–m3 in lingual view. – D. Left i2 NMB-Mar-862, lingual view. – G–H. Left humerus FSL-9523. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. – I–J. Right radius FSL-520279+520280. I. Anterior view. J. Posterior view. Scale bar: 2 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945918" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4945918/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
), originally assigned to “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFC2BD9671E20A055" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[953,1140,333,359]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFC2BD9671E20A055" box="[953,1140,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFB1AD9671EA3A055" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[1160,1271,333,359]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFB1AD9671EA3A055" box="[1160,1271,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D72EFF8DFF75D95A1B1AA0B8" box="[231,334,368,394]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
McIV) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFE59D95A1951A0B8" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[459,773,368,394]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as new specimens from Poillat, Gaimersheim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED72EFF8DFF55D9B81B1EA09E" box="[199,330,402,428]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionStartId-1="49.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetId-1="figure-247@49.[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetPageId-0="48" captionTargetPageId-1="49" captionText-0="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 20. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–F. Left astragalus (BSPG collection). A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view. D. Medial view. E. Distal view. F. Proximal view. – G–K. Left MtIII BSPG-1952-II. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. I. Lateral view. J. Medial view. K. Proximal view. Abbreviations: c = cuboid; Cc1 = calcaneus facet 1; Cc2 = calcaneus facet 2; Cc3 = calcaneus facet 3; ct = collum tali; ec = ectocuneiform; f = fibula; ll = lateral lip; ml = medial lip; n = navicular; t = tuberosity. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945920" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4945920/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 19–20</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Rickenbach (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED72EFF8DFDB3D9B81825A09E" box="[545,625,402,428]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
), to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFD31D9B91941A09E" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[675,789,403,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFD31D9B91941A09E" box="[675,789,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, the two astragali previously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFF4FD99F1B05A0FC" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[221,337,437,462]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFF4FD99F1B05A0FC" box="[221,337,437,462]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Rickenbach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFDA1D99E1963A0FC" author="Mennecart B. & Scherler L. & Hiard F. & Becker D. & Berger J. - P." box="[563,823,436,462]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref41449" refString="Mennecart B., Scherler L., Hiard F., Becker D. & Berger J. - P. 2012. Large mammals from Rickenbach (Switzerland, reference locality MP 29, Late Oligocene): biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 131 (1): 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 011 - 0031 - 6" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mennecart
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFD2BD99F18A0A0FC" box="[697,756,436,462]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) should in fact be referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFB26D99E1F3BA0FC" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[1204,1391,436,462]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFB26D99E1F3BA0FC" box="[1204,1391,436,462]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the metatarsals, also identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFD09D9FD1945A0C2" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[667,785,471,496]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFD09D9FD1945A0C2" box="[667,785,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, should be referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBDAD9FC1B11A321" authority="(Tissier et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Tissier" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Mesaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBDAD9FC1F43A0C2" box="[1096,1303,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mesaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFAB4D9FC1B69A321" author="Tissier J. & Geiger-Schutz P. & Fluckiger P. F. & Becker D." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="26 - 51" refId="ref42749" refString="Tissier J., Geiger-Schutz P., Fluckiger P. F. & Becker D. 2021. Neue Erkenntnisse uber die Nashorn- Funde von Rickenbach (SO) (Oberes Oligozan, Kanton Solothurn, Schweiz) aus der Sammlung des Naturmuseums Olten. Naturforschende Gesellschaft des Kantons Solothurn 44: 26 - 51." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Tissier
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFF2DD9D31AA5A320" box="[191,241,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These new attributions show that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFD77D9D3190EA320" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[741,858,505,530]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFD77D9D3190EA320" box="[741,858,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a larger size than previously thought and that it was less cursorial than other species of the genus. Throughout the description, comparisons will be made with other ronzothere species as well as with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFC83DA171998A365" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[785,972,573,599]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFC83DA171998A365" box="[785,972,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in particular
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFB0DDA141F3BA365" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[1183,1391,573,599]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFB0DDA141F3BA365" box="[1183,1391,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the type species of the genus, to validate the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFCF9DA48198BA349" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[875,991,610,635]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFCF9DA48198BA349" box="[875,991,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and “
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBB7DA481E6EA349" box="[1061,1082,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
|
||
.”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBC4DA4B1E91A349" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[1110,1221,609,635]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBC4DA4B1E91A349" box="[1110,1221,609,635]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72EFF8DFF2FDA8E186EA263" blockId="42.[189,1399,676,849]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
SCAPULA. Two scapulae are preserved from Poillat (MJSN-POI-007-306 and MJSN-POI-007-222), and one from ‘Marseille’ (AIX.1979-2). The two scapulae from Poillat are complete, whereas the one from ‘Marseille’ is not. It is very wide, compared to its height (= spatula-shaped, sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFB32DAC71F10A235" author="Antoine P. - O." box="[1184,1348,749,775]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 359" refId="ref39121" refString="Antoine P. - O. 2002. Phylogenie et evolution des Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae). Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 188: 1 - 359." type="journal article" year="2002">Antoine 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In distal view, the medial border of the articulation is straight. The posterior border of the scapula and the glenoid cavity are very concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72EFF8DFF2FDB511BA4A518" blockId="42.[187,1401,890,1067]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
COMPARISON. The scapula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFD85DB5118FAA2A6" box="[535,686,890,916]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFD85DB5118FAA2A6" box="[535,686,890,916]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown but it is preserved in Villebramar for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFA82DB511B35A288" authority="(Brunet 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFA82DB511F2DA2A6" box="[1296,1401,890,916]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFF57DB8A1B0DA288" author="Brunet M." box="[197,345,928,954]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and it shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFDA9DB8B18FBA288" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[571,687,929,954]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFDA9DB8B18FBA288" box="[571,687,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the very concave posterior border of the scapula and glenoid cavity. The scapula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFE5ADBEF19E3A2ED" authority="(Repelin, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[456,951,965,991]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFE5ADBEF18A3A2ED" box="[456,759,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium aginense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFC95DBEF19FBA2ED" author="Repelin J." box="[775,943,965,991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref42041" refString="Repelin J. 1917. Etudes paleontologiques dans le sud-ouest de la France (Mammiferes): les rhinocerotides de l'aquitanien superieur de l'Agenais (Laugnac). Annales du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Marseille 16: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1917">Répelin, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Laugnac (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFBE4DBEF1F43A2ED" author="Repelin J." box="[1142,1303,965,991]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref42041" refString="Repelin J. 1917. Etudes paleontologiques dans le sud-ouest de la France (Mammiferes): les rhinocerotides de l'aquitanien superieur de l'Agenais (Laugnac). Annales du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Marseille 16: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1917">Répelin 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) widely differs by its reduced width compared to the height (being elongated, sensuAntoine 2002) and its slightly less concave distal border.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72EFF8DFF2FDC7E19EBA446" blockId="42.[187,1400,1108,1396]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
HUMERUS. It is known from ‘Marseille’ and Rickenbach (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED72EFF8DFCCEDC7E19BAA55C" box="[860,1006,1108,1134]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,231,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetId="figure-110@43.[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 17. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A–B. Maxilla FSL-8547. A. Occlusal view. B. With left P1–M2 in lingual view. – C, E–F. Mandible FSL-8547 from the same individual. C. Occlusal view. E. With left p2–m3 in labial view. F. Right p3–m3 in lingual view. – D. Left i2 NMB-Mar-862, lingual view. – G–H. Left humerus FSL-9523. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. – I–J. Right radius FSL-520279+520280. I. Anterior view. J. Posterior view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945918/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 17G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The distal fragment of humerus FSL-9523 from ‘Marseille’ is large-sized and incomplete. The fossa olecrani is low and wide in posterior view and the distal articulation is hourglass-shaped (or ‘diabolo-shaped’) in anterior view: there is a deep proximal incision between the two lips of the trochlea. However, there is no scar on the trochlea. The epicondylar crest is wide and laterally expanded. In anterior view, the articulation is oblique compared to the shaft of the humerus. The humerus NMB-UM-973 from Rickenbach is the most complete one but is very poorly preserved. The trochiter and the deltoid tuberosity are not preserved. The distal articulation is similar to that of other humeri from ‘Marseille’ in every aspect.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72EFF8DFF2FDDB719A9A6DA" blockId="42.[188,1401,1437,2024]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
COMPARISON. The humerus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFDBFDDB41892A485" box="[557,710,1437,1463]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFDBFDDB41892A485" box="[557,710,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PUY.2004.6.262.RON) differs by a smaller size and a higher fossa olecrani, as well as a distal articulation not medially constricted in anterior view. It further differs from the humerus from Rickenbach by a less developed lateral epicondyle. The largest humeri of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFF2EDE241B76A715" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[188,290,1549,1575]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFF2EDE241B76A715" box="[188,290,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar are more similar in size, in particular compared to the one from Rickenbach (NMB.UM-973). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFD80DE191935A77F" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[530,865,1587,1613]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had referred the humerus from ‘Marseille’ FSL-9523 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFEF8DE7218F3A740" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[362,679,1624,1650]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFEF8DE7218F3A740" box="[362,679,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the size difference with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBFDDE731E89A740" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1135,1245,1624,1650]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBFDDE731E89A740" box="[1135,1245,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as morphological differences, such as the wide coronoid and olecranon fossae. Yet, the humerus Vil.1970-225 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFE13DE8E1BBCA78F" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[385,488,1699,1725]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFE13DE8E1BBCA78F" box="[385,488,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFD5EDE8E190BA78F" author="Brunet M." box="[716,863,1699,1726]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. XXI, fig. a) is very similar to FSL-9523: the two fossae are wide and the epicondylar crest and lateral epicondyle are equally developed. It only differs by less constricted condyles in anterior view. Furthermore, we believe that another very large humerus from ‘Marseille’ (FSL-8546; but seeMénouret & Guérin 2009: fig. 10a–b, which is indeed FSL- 8546 and not FSL-9523, contrary to the legend of the figure) attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBB7DF131EEDA661" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[1061,1209,1849,1875]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBB7DF131EEDA661" box="[1061,1209,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFB74DF131B37A64A" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
could in fact come from another locality, based on its very different preservation. Finally, the humeri of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFEFBDFAE1868A6AF" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[361,572,1923,1949]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFEFBDFAE1868A6AF" box="[361,572,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D72EFF8DFDD9DFAE182BA6AC" box="[587,639,1924,1950]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus; SMNS-16154),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFBDADFAE1AAEA6F1" authority="Michel, 1987" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFBDADFAE1F40A6AF" box="[1096,1300,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
Michel, 1987
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMB-L.M.429) and even
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72EFF8DFDADDF801899A6F1" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[575,717,1962,1987]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72EFF8DFDADDF801899A6F1" box="[575,717,1962,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72EFF8DFD4EDF831928A6F1" author="Repelin J." box="[732,892,1961,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref42041" refString="Repelin J. 1917. Etudes paleontologiques dans le sud-ouest de la France (Mammiferes): les rhinocerotides de l'aquitanien superieur de l'Agenais (Laugnac). Annales du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Marseille 16: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1917">Répelin 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl.VIII, fig. 1) all have a rather high fossa olecrani in posterior view, and unconstricted condyles in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D72FFF8CFF2FDF3418DAA6DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945918/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[189,231,1822,1848]" targetBox="[252,1335,265,1796]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72FFF8CFF2FDF3418DAA6DA" blockId="43.[189,1399,1822,2024]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFF2FDF341B48A60A" bold="true" box="[189,284,1822,1848]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72FFF8CFEB4DF341887A60A" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[294,723,1822,1848]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFEB4DF341872A60A" box="[294,550,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72FFF8CFDA3DF341887A60A" author="Kretzoi M." box="[561,723,1822,1848]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFE2DDF6B1BA3A669" bold="true" box="[447,503,1857,1883]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Maxilla FSL-8547.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFD7EDF6B1955A669" bold="true" box="[748,769,1857,1883]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFC53DF6B1980A669" bold="true" box="[961,980,1857,1883]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
|
||
. With left P1–M2 in lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFF2FDF4E1B43A64C" bold="true" box="[189,279,1892,1918]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C, E–F</emphasis>
|
||
. Mandible FSL-8547 from the same individual.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFCC6DF4E193CA64C" bold="true" box="[852,872,1892,1918]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFBBEDF4E1E6AA64C" bold="true" box="[1068,1086,1892,1918]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">E</emphasis>
|
||
. With left p2–m3 in labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFE91DFA21B41A690" bold="true" box="[259,277,1928,1954]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Right p3–m3 in lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFD0ADFA218F9A690" bold="true" box="[664,685,1928,1954]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Left i2 NMB-Mar-862, lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFB1DDFAD1E9FA693" bold="true" box="[1167,1227,1927,1953]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
. Left humerus FSL-9523.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFED6DF801B0FA6F6" bold="true" box="[324,347,1962,1988]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFD8DDF811861A6F7" bold="true" box="[543,565,1963,1989]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFC8ADF811916A6F7" bold="true" box="[792,834,1963,1989]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">I–J</emphasis>
|
||
. Right radius FSL-520279+520280.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFB6BDF811F50A6F7" bold="true" box="[1273,1284,1963,1989]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72FFF8CFE90DFE41B45A6DA" bold="true" box="[258,273,1998,2024]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view. Scale bar: 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD728FF8BFF2FD9231BB6A232" blockId="44.[187,1400,265,769]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
RADIUS. It is preserved from ‘Marseille’ and Gaimersheim. The radius from ‘Marseille’ FSL-520279+ 520280 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED728FF8BFEB6D9041BC9A07A" box="[292,413,302,328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,231,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetId="figure-110@43.[252,1335,265,1796]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 17. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A–B. Maxilla FSL-8547. A. Occlusal view. B. With left P1–M2 in lingual view. – C, E–F. Mandible FSL-8547 from the same individual. C. Occlusal view. E. With left p2–m3 in labial view. F. Right p3–m3 in lingual view. – D. Left i2 NMB-Mar-862, lingual view. – G–H. Left humerus FSL-9523. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. – I–J. Right radius FSL-520279+520280. I. Anterior view. J. Posterior view. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945918/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 17I–J</figureCitation>
|
||
) is subcomplete, but the distal articulation is poorly preserved. In proximal view, the anterior border of the articulation is straight.The proximal facets for the ulna are separated in posterior view. The lateral one is large and concave. The medial border of the diaphysis is straight in anterior view. In anterior view, the insertion for the m. biceps brachii is marked and deep. The gutter for the m. extensor carpi is very shallow on the distal articulation. The radius from Gaimersheim (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED728FF8BFF29D9CF1B1CA0CD" box="[187,328,485,511]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 19A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) is complete and very well preserved. It shows that the radius was connected to the ulna over three quarters of the diaphyseal length. In proximal view, the medial articulation facet for the humerus is much larger than the lateral one and they are both concave. The medial articulation for the ulna is a thin lateromedially elongated band, whereas the lateral articulation is large and triangular. Distally, there are two poorly distinguished articulations: a large, medial one for the scaphoid and a smaller one, lateral, triangular and concave anteroposteriorly for the lunate. In posterior view, the extension of the distal articulation for the scaphoid is large and well developed, but wider than high. The distolateral contact area for the ulna is large.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD728FF8BFF2FDB031F56A4BA" blockId="44.[187,1400,809,1416]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
COMPARISON. The radius of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFD9ADB0018C8A271" box="[520,668,809,835]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFD9ADB0018C8A271" box="[520,668,809,835]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown. The proximal facets for the ulna from the radii of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFF4DDB651B13A25A" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[223,327,846,872]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFF4DDB651B13A25A" box="[223,327,846,872]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFD8DDB6518C0A25A" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[543,660,847,872]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFD8DDB6518C0A25A" box="[543,660,847,872]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The radius of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFCC3DB6519EEA25A" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[849,954,846,872]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFCC3DB6519EEA25A" box="[849,954,846,872]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFB27DB651F78A25A" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1205,1324,847,872]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFB27DB651F78A25A" box="[1205,1324,847,872]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its deep and wide gutter for the m. extensor carpi on the anterior side of the distal extremity, which is very shallow on the radii from ‘Marseille’ and Gaimersheim. This deep gutter is also present on a radius from Espenhain (BSPG-
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD728FF8BFE72DB91186CA2E7" box="[480,568,955,981]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2008-01">2008-I-</date>
|
||
44), also attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFCA8DB9619CBA2E7" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[826,927,955,981]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFCA8DB9619CBA2E7" box="[826,927,955,981]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although the total length of the bone is much smaller than in Villebramar (around
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED728FF8BFD24DBCA18ABA2C8" box="[694,767,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
versus
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED728FF8BFCC8DBCA19BCA2C8" box="[858,1000,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="39.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="38.0">38 to 41 cm</quantity>
|
||
in Villebramar). However, a very deep gutter is also present on the radius of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFD52DC2E1E64A52C" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[704,1072,1028,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFD52DC2E1E64A52C" box="[704,1072,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diaceratherium tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMNS-16154), whereas it is shallow on a hand of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFE47DC031970A571" authority="(Pomel, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[469,804,1064,1091]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFE47DC031821A570" box="[469,629,1064,1090]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. lemanense</emphasis>
|
||
(Pomel, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gannat (MNHN-LIM-598). Therefore, there seems to be variation within this character, even among species of a same genus. Finally,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD728FF8BFB74DC661B30A5B8" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred the radius from ‘Marseille’ to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFCB6DC5A1E01A5B8" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[804,1109,1136,1162]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFCB6DC5A1E01A5B8" box="[804,1109,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because they considered that in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFEB1DCBF1BD8A59C" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[291,396,1172,1198]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFEB1DCBF1BD8A59C" box="[291,396,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is the external humeral facet that is the most developed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD728FF8BFBFCDCBE1F52A59C" author="Brunet M." box="[1134,1286,1172,1198]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 21)” [translated by the authors], which is actually incorrect.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD728FF8BFCA6DC931E40A5E1" author="Brunet M." box="[820,1044,1209,1235]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet (1979: 138)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in fact states in the description of the material from Villebramar that “[the proximal articulation surface] is composed of two glenoid cavities (a large internal one, long, weakly concave; a smaller external one, thinner and more concave, pl XXIc)” [translated by the authors], which is also the case in the radii described here. The radius of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFF2CDD601BD2A451" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" box="[190,390,1353,1379]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFF2CDD601BD2A451" box="[190,390,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Castelmaurou (UM CAM-22) differs by the very concave posterior border of the proximo-medial articulation surface in proximal view, whereas it is straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D728FF8BFBC5DD471EA8A4B5" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[1111,1276,1389,1415]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D728FF8BFBC5DD471EA8A4B5" box="[1111,1276,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD728FF8BFF2FDD9A1F6DA6DA" blockId="44.[189,1401,1456,2025]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
SCAPHOID. It is preserved in ‘Marseille’ (FSL-520285,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED728FF8BFCF0DD9A1980A4F8" box="[866,980,1456,1482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
|
||
), Gaimersheim (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED728FF8BFF2FDDFE1B13A4DC" box="[189,327,1492,1518]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 19E–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Rickenbach (NMO-I5-62,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED728FF8BFD53DDFE197AA4DC" box="[705,814,1492,1518]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 21G</figureCitation>
|
||
). All
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D728FF8BFCFCDDFE1E7EA4DC" box="[878,1066,1492,1518]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
are very well preserved and almost identical. The proximal articulation for the radius is triangular, and concave anteroposteriorly. Posterodistal to the proximal articulation, there is a large lateromedially elongated tuberosity on which occurs an articulation for the lunate (the postero-proximal articulation for the lunate sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD728FF8BFA8ADE6A1B5FA74D" author="Antoine P. - O." pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 359" refId="ref39121" refString="Antoine P. - O. 2002. Phylogenie et evolution des Elasmotheriina (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae). Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle 188: 1 - 359." type="journal article" year="2002">Antoine (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This articulation for the lunate is fused with the anteroproximal facet for the lunate on the scaphoids from Gaimersheim and Rickenbach, but they are partly separated by a shallow groove on the specimen from ‘Marseille’. The anteroproximal articulation for the lunate is band-shaped and separated from the anterodistal articulation for the lunate by a large and deep groove for ligaments, extending anteroposteriorly, below the proximal tuberosity. On the lateral side, the anterodistal articulation for the lunate is anteroposteriorly elongated, band-shaped and almost fused with the distal magnum facet. The distal articulations for the magnum (anteriorly) and the trapezoid (median) are concave and almost equal-sized. Posterior to these two facets, there is a small articulation facet for the trapezium on the specimens from ‘Marseille’ and Gaimersheim, that seems to be absent or fused with the trapezoid facet on the specimen from Rickenbach. The anterior and posterior heights of the scaphoid are equal. In medial view, the trapezoid facet is prominent and high, whereas the other facets are not visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD729FF8AFF2FD9231826A24C" blockId="45.[188,1401,265,894]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
COMPARISON. The scaphoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFD8ED92018FBA011" box="[540,687,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD8ED92018FBA011" box="[540,687,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows many similarities with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFBF9D9201EB4A011" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1131,1248,266,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFBF9D9201EB4A011" box="[1131,1248,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the anterior and posterior heights are equal, the proximal articulation for the radius is triangular, the anterodistal facet for the magnum is very concave and the facet for the trapezoid is extended anteriorly. However, it differs by a smaller size, a better development of the trapezium facet and a less well developed tuberosity below the proximal articulation. The scaphoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFC15D9B819B9A099" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[903,1005,401,427]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC15D9B819B9A099" box="[903,1005,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also similar to the scaphoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFF2CD9991B66A0FE" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[190,306,435,460]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFF2CD9991B66A0FE" box="[190,306,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially in its development of the distolateral apophysis (bearing the magnum facet). The scaphoid from Quercy attributed to?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFDEDD9FE18B3A0DC" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[639,743,468,494]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDEDD9FE18B3A0DC" box="[639,743,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is almost identical, and also shows the typical fusion of the anteroproximal and postero-proximal facets for the lunate. The scaphoids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFB29D9DF18CDA302" authority="(Deperet & Douxami, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB29D9DF1B1CA302" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diaceratherium asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFEC4DA3C18C5A302" author="Deperet C. & Douxami H." box="[342,657,534,560]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="11 - 90" refId="ref40591" refString="Deperet C. & Douxami H. 1902. Les vertebres Oligocenes de Pyrimont-Challonges (Savoie). Memoires de la Societe paleontologique de la Suisse 29: 11 - 90." type="journal article" year="1902">Depéret & Douxami, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Pyrimont (FSL213008),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFB92DA3D1E9DA302" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" box="[1024,1225,534,560]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB92DA3D1E9DA302" box="[1024,1225,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFB4ADA3C1F26A302" author="Michel P." box="[1240,1394,534,560]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref41706" refString="Michel P. 1983. Contribution a l'etude des rhinocerotides oligocenes (La Milloque; Thezels; Puy de Vaurs). Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers." type="book" year="1983">Michel 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFF2FDA121B2AA360" author="Duranthon F." box="[189,382,568,594]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref40623" refString="Duranthon F. 1990. Etude paleontologique (Rongeurs, Anthracotherides, Rhinocerotides) de la Molasse toulousaine (Oligo - Miocene). Biostratigraphie et implications geodynamiques. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris." type="book" year="1990">Duranthon 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFE04DA121876A363" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[406,546,568,593]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE04DA121876A363" box="[406,546,568,593]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Laugnac (MHNM.1996.17.94) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFB9DDA121F22A361" authority="(Nouel, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Nouel" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1039,1398,568,595]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurelianense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB9DDA121E9DA360" box="[1039,1225,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. aurelianense</emphasis>
|
||
(Nouel, 1866)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Neuville-aux-Bois (MHNB41.2018.0.282, -.384 and -.866) differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFBF4DA701E8BA341" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1126,1247,602,627]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFBF4DA701E8BA341" box="[1126,1247,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a higher posterior height compared to the anterior, a more convex dorsal border in proximal view, a flattened articulation for the magnum, a much more concave articulation for the trapezoid and a larger articulation for the trapezium. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFDDEDA94195FA3E5" baseAuthorityName="Nouel" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[588,779,701,727]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurelianense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDDEDA94195FA3E5" box="[588,779,701,727]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. aurelianense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also greatly differs by the deep and wide groove separating the anteroproximal and postero-proximal facets for the lunate, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFBE4DAF41F2DA3CA" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1884" box="[1142,1401,734,760]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Pleuroceros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blanfordi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFBE4DAF41F2DA3CA" box="[1142,1401,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pleuroceros blanfordi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFF57DB2A1BF1A228" author="Antoine P. - O. & Downing K. F. & Crochet J. Y. & Duranthon F. & Flynn L. J. & Marivaux L. & Metais G. & Rajpar A. R. & Roohi G." box="[197,421,768,794]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="139 - 194" refId="ref39292" refString="Antoine P. - O., Downing K. F., Crochet J. Y., Duranthon F., Flynn L. J., Marivaux L., Metais G., Rajpar A. R. & Roohi G. 2010. A revision of Aceratherium blanfordi Lydekker, 1884 (Mammalia: Rhinocerotidae) from the Early Miocene of Pakistan: Postcranials as a key. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160 (1): 139 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2009.00597. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Antoine
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFEB9DB2A1B09A228" box="[299,349,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 6) or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFD88DB2A1947A22B" box="[538,787,768,794]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Teleoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aepysoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD88DB2A1947A22B" box="[538,787,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Teleoceras aepysoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFC8DDB2A19B6A228" author="Short R. A. & Wallace S. C. & Emmert L. G." box="[799,994,768,794]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="183 - 260" refId="ref42312" refString="Short R. A., Wallace S. C. & Emmert L. G. 2019. A new species of Teleoceras (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the Late Hemphillian of Tennessee. Florida Museum of Natural History Bulletin 56 (5): 183 - 260." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Short
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFCFADB2A19CEA228" box="[872,922,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 45), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFB40DB2A1F23A228" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[1234,1399,768,794]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB40DB2A1F23A228" box="[1234,1399,768,794]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are either completely fused or partly connected, although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFC5CDB081ECCA209" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" box="[974,1176,801,827]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC5CDB081ECCA209" box="[974,1176,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from La Milloque and Castelmaurou they also seem to be fused (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFD7BDB6819D0A26E" author="Michel P." box="[745,900,834,860]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref41706" refString="Michel P. 1983. Contribution a l'etude des rhinocerotides oligocenes (La Milloque; Thezels; Puy de Vaurs). Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers." type="book" year="1983">Michel 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFC00DB681E07A26E" author="Duranthon F." box="[914,1107,834,860]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref40623" refString="Duranthon F. 1990. Etude paleontologique (Rongeurs, Anthracotherides, Rhinocerotides) de la Molasse toulousaine (Oligo - Miocene). Biostratigraphie et implications geodynamiques. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris." type="book" year="1990">Duranthon 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFB1FDB691F68A26E" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1165,1340,834,860]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB1FDB691F68A26E" box="[1165,1340,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D. asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this postero-proximal facet seems absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD729FF8AFF2FDB8E1F2CA45C" blockId="45.[187,1401,931,1391]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
LUNATE. It is only known from Rickenbach (NMO-I7/115 and NMB-Ri-27,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED729FF8AFBA5DB891EF7A28F" box="[1079,1187,931,957]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 21H</figureCitation>
|
||
). One is complete (NMO-I7/115) but the other is broken. The proximal articulation for the radius is large and convex anteroposteriorly. It occupies the whole anteroproximal border, there is no articulation with the ulna. In proximal view, there is a drop-like posterior extension of the radius facet on the medial border. In anterior view, the proximal border is much wider than the distal part. The anterior side is deeply keeled. There are two medial articulations, two lateral and two distal. In lateral view, there is only one proximal articulation facet for the scaphoid, which occupies the whole proximal border, formed by the fusion of the anteroproximal and postero-proximal facets, as on the scaphoid. A shallow groove separates the proximal facet from the distal one. This distal facet for the scaphoid is high, almost triangular and restricted to the anterior portion of the lunate. In medial view, the proximal and distal articulations for the pyramidal are rather small, but they are not in the same plane, the proximal one is more medially displaced. The proximal one is a half oval, whereas the distal one is band-shaped and posteriorly displaced. In distal view, there are two large articulation facets: an anterior one for the unciform, and a distal one for the magnum, very concave, with a thin band-shaped anterior elongation separating the
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D729FF8AFF2CDD941BA0A6DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" subCaptionStartIDs="45.[695,866,1857,1883]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[189,1399,267,1977]" targetPageId="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD729FF8AFF2CDD941BA0A6DB" blockId="45.[186,1401,1470,2025]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFF2CDD941B4CA4EA" bold="true" box="[190,280,1470,1496]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18</emphasis>
|
||
(next page).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D729FF8AFE51DD941929A4EA" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[451,893,1470,1496]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE51DD94189DA4EA" box="[451,713,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD729FF8AFD44DD941929A4EA" author="Kretzoi M." box="[726,893,1470,1496]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD729FF8AFE66DDC8181DA4CE" box="[500,585,1506,1532]" name="France" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDE2DDCB18D1A4C9" bold="true" box="[624,645,1505,1531]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Left scaphoid FSL-520285.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC49DDCB19ABA4C9" bold="true" box="[987,1023,1505,1531]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A1</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB3EDDCB1E9BA4C9" bold="true" box="[1196,1231,1505,1531]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFF2EDE2E1AB4A72C" bold="true" box="[188,224,1540,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A3</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE33DE2E1B91A72C" bold="true" box="[417,453,1540,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A4</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDE4DE2F18DEA72D" bold="true" box="[630,650,1541,1567]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC46DE2E19A2A72C" bold="true" box="[980,1014,1540,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB3FDE2E1E9BA72C" bold="true" box="[1197,1231,1540,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFF29DE0D1A8AA773" bold="true" box="[187,222,1575,1601]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B3</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE18DE0D1BF8A773" bold="true" box="[394,428,1575,1601]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B4</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDE2DE0218C7A770" bold="true" box="[624,659,1576,1602]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B5</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFCD4DE0D190FA773" bold="true" box="[838,859,1575,1601]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB70DE0D1F52A773" bold="true" box="[1250,1286,1575,1601]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE97DE601B7DA756" bold="true" box="[261,297,1610,1636]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C2</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE4DDE601855A756" bold="true" box="[479,513,1610,1636]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD2ADE60188EA756" bold="true" box="[696,730,1610,1636]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C4</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC3BDE60199FA756" bold="true" box="[937,971,1610,1636]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C5</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB1FDE611EF4A757" bold="true" box="[1165,1184,1611,1637]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Left McIV FSL- 520287.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFEB4DE441B1EA7BA" bold="true" box="[294,330,1646,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D1</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD8BDE44186FA7BA" bold="true" box="[537,571,1646,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D2</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD6DDE441976A7BA" bold="true" box="[767,802,1646,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D3</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC4BDE4419AFA7BA" bold="true" box="[985,1019,1646,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">D4</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB58DE441E88A7BA" bold="true" box="[1226,1244,1646,1672]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE4ADEBB1BAFA799" bold="true" box="[472,507,1681,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">E1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD59DEBB18BAA799" bold="true" box="[715,750,1681,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">E2</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC2DDEBB1985A799" bold="true" box="[959,977,1681,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFF2FDE9E1A8AA7FC" bold="true" box="[189,222,1716,1742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">F1</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE1EDE9E1BF9A7FC" bold="true" box="[396,429,1716,1742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">F2</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDE6DE9E18C0A7FC" bold="true" box="[628,660,1716,1742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">F3</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFCDEDE9E1937A7FC" bold="true" box="[844,867,1716,1742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB73DE9E1F52A7FC" bold="true" box="[1249,1286,1716,1742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE90DEFD1B7CA7C3" bold="true" box="[258,296,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G2</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE7CDEFD1847A7C3" bold="true" box="[494,531,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G3</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD26DEFD188EA7C3" bold="true" box="[692,730,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G4</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC15DEFD19F8A7C3" bold="true" box="[903,940,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G5</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFBE2DEF21ED3A7C0" bold="true" box="[1136,1159,1752,1778]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFEEDDED11BF1A627" bold="true" box="[383,421,1787,1813]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H1</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFDE2DED118C0A627" bold="true" box="[624,660,1787,1813]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H2</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFCC6DED1192DA627" bold="true" box="[852,889,1787,1813]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFBBFDED11E05A627" bold="true" box="[1069,1105,1787,1813]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H4</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFA89DED11F72A627" bold="true" box="[1307,1318,1787,1813]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE5FDF341BB2A60A" bold="true" box="[461,486,1822,1848]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">I1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFD3ADF341896A60A" bold="true" box="[680,706,1822,1848]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">I2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFC1DDF3419C8A60A" bold="true" box="[911,924,1822,1848]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Left MtIV FSL-520286.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFB4DDF341EAEA60A" bold="true" box="[1247,1274,1822,1848]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J1</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE97DF6B1B76A669" bold="true" box="[261,290,1857,1883]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J2</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D729FF8AFE74DF6B1857A669" bold="true" box="[486,515,1857,1883]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J3</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar:
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED729FF8AFE21DFE41BA4A6DB" box="[435,496,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72BFF88FF2FD923191DA054" blockId="47.[189,1399,265,358]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">scaphoid facet from the unciform facet. The unciform facet occupies almost all of the distal border of the bone in anterior view and is nearly horizontal. The magnum facet is very small in anterior view and makes a very weak angle with the distal scaphoid facet.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72BFF88FF2FD9A11F24A2EE" blockId="47.[186,1400,395,988]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
COMPARISON. Although the lunate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FDF7D9A618ACA097" box="[613,760,395,421]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FDF7D9A618ACA097" box="[613,760,395,421]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Ronzon is not fully extracted from the sediment, the visible part of the bone is similar to the lunate from Rickenbach. The proximal articulation for the radius is very wide and has a posterior extension. The posterior tuberosity is larger and wider than in Rickenbach. On the medial side, the two facets for the pyramidal are not in the same plane either, though on the specimen from Ronzon, the distal facet is much larger. These characters are also found in the lunate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FEEDDA191BBCA37E" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[383,488,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FEEDDA191BBCA37E" box="[383,488,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72BFF88FD46DA18193DA37E" author="Brunet M." box="[724,873,562,588]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the lunates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FB39DA191F16A37E" box="[1195,1346,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FB39DA191F16A37E" box="[1195,1346,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FF2FDA7E1B77A35F" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[189,291,595,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF2FDA7E1B77A35F" box="[189,291,595,621]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(both from Villebramar and Quercy) differ by the presence of a shallow groove separating the anteroproximal facet for the scaphoid from the postero-proximal one. The lunates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FB29DA5E1B3EA382" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FB29DA5E1B3EA382" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diaceratherium tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMNS-16157c),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FDA8DABD19E4A382" authority="(Cerdeno 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Cerdeno" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[570,944,662,688]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurelianense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FDA8DABD18A3A382" box="[570,759,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. aurelianense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72BFF88FC91DABC19FCA382" author="Cerdeno E." box="[771,936,662,688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="25 - 77" refId="ref40284" refString="Cerdeno E. 1993. Etude sur Diaceratherium aurelianense et Brachypotherium brachypus (Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) du Miocene moyen de France. Bulletin - Museum national d'histoire naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 15 (1 - 4): 25 - 77." type="journal article" year="1993">Cerdeño 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FC2EDABD1E12A382" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[956,1094,663,688]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC2EDABD1E12A382" box="[956,1094,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNM.1996.17.21) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FF28DA921B39A3E3" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[186,365,695,721]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF28DA921B39A3E3" box="[186,365,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FSL-213008) differ by their reduced posterior tuberosity in proximal view, the reduced or absent posterior extension of the proximal facet for the radius and the much more proximo-distally compressed anterior side. They also mostly differ by the wide groove separating the anteroproximal facet for the scaphoid from the postero-proximal one as well as the larger anterior portion of the facet for the magnum (it is almost as large as the distal pyramidal facet). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FC50DB171ED8A264" authorityName="Michel" authorityYear="1987" box="[962,1164,828,854]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC50DB171ED8A264" box="[962,1164,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Castelmaurou (TLM.PAL.2014.0.2571), this postero-proximal facet for the scaphoid is either absent or separated from the anterior by a large groove, as in other diaceratheres, and the magnum facet is also rather large anteriorly. On the preserved hand of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FDF6DB8B1951A288" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[612,773,928,954]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FDF6DB8B1951A288" box="[612,773,928,954]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. lemanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gannat (MNHN-LIM-598), the anterior portion of the magnum facet is also very large, as in other diaceratheres but the scaphoid facets are not visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72BFF88FF2FDC281F7AA5D1" blockId="47.[189,1399,1025,1252]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
PYRAMIDAL. It is only known from Rickenbach (NMO-I11-82,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED72BFF88FC75DC2B1E1BA52E" box="[999,1103,1025,1052]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 21I</figureCitation>
|
||
) and almost complete. The proximal ulna facet is large, saddle-shaped, concave anteroposteriorly, transversally convex and medially elongated. It contacts the long band-shaped postero-proximal pisiform facet. There are two lateral facets for the lunate: the proximal one is half-oval, and the distal one is asymmetrical. They are separated by a wide and shallow groove, and are not exactly in the same plane, in the same way as the two corresponding facets on the lunate. Furthermore, their size, shape and position also fit with it. The distal articulation for the unciform is triangular in distal view and concave anteroposteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72BFF88FF2FDD231F22A73E" blockId="47.[189,1401,1289,1548]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
COMPARISON. This specimen is almost identical to the pyramidal of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FC78DD201F11A416" authority="MNHN. F. RZN." box="[1002,1349,1289,1316]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC78DD201ED4A411" box="[1002,1152,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
MNHN.F.RZN.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
502, both in size and morphology. It only differs by a larger distal facet for the lunate, and a deeper groove between the two facets for the lunate. The pyramidal of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FCC0DD6619ECA454" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[850,952,1356,1382]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FCC0DD6619ECA454" box="[850,952,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is overall also very similar but shows a deeper groove between the two lunate facets, as well as a tubercle on the posterior side, below the unciform facet, which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FDF1DDA5188EA49A" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[611,730,1423,1448]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FDF1DDA5188EA49A" box="[611,730,1423,1448]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pyramidals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FC41DDA51EF3A49A" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[979,1191,1422,1448]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC41DDA51EF3A49A" box="[979,1191,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMNS-16157d) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FF63DD9A1BD4A4FB" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[241,384,1456,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF63DD9A1BD4A4FB" box="[241,384,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNM.1996.17.20) differ however by very different proportions: the anterior side is lower and more anteroposteriorly elongated, and the medial side, corresponding to the lunate, is extremely reduced proximo-dorsally. They also differ by their less elongated and drop-shaped facet for
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D72BFF88FF2FDE471B15A6DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" subCaptionStartIDs="47.[710,881,1856,1882]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1975]" targetPageId="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD72BFF88FF2FDE471B15A6DA" blockId="47.[187,1401,1645,2024]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF2FDE471B45A7B5" bold="true" box="[189,273,1645,1671]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 19</emphasis>
|
||
(next page).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D72BFF88FE3ADE471904A7B5" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[424,848,1645,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE3ADE4718FCA7B5" box="[424,680,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD72BFF88FD22DE471904A7B5" author="Kretzoi M." box="[688,848,1645,1671]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD72BFF88FB6ADE471F3FA7B5" box="[1272,1387,1645,1671]" name="Germany" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF45DEBA1B45A798" bold="true" box="[215,273,1680,1706]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A–D</emphasis>
|
||
. Right radius.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE59DEBA1BB4A798" bold="true" box="[459,480,1680,1706]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FD39DEBA18EBA798" bold="true" box="[683,703,1680,1706]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Disto-lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC28DEBA199BA798" bold="true" box="[954,975,1680,1706]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FBECDEBA1EC7A798" bold="true" box="[1150,1171,1680,1706]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF2FDE9E1AA3A7FC" bold="true" box="[189,247,1716,1742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E–H</emphasis>
|
||
. Right scaphoid.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE5BDE9E1B88A7FC" bold="true" box="[457,476,1716,1742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FD1DDE9E18F4A7FC" bold="true" box="[655,672,1716,1742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FCC6DE99193EA7FF" bold="true" box="[852,874,1715,1741]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FBA7DE9E1E1FA7FC" bold="true" box="[1077,1099,1716,1742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FA9BDE9E1F62A7FC" bold="true" box="[1289,1334,1716,1742]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">I–L</emphasis>
|
||
. Left magnum.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FEA1DEFD1B6AA7C3" bold="true" box="[307,318,1751,1777]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE69DEFD185EA7C3" bold="true" box="[507,522,1751,1777]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FD29DEFD1886A7C3" bold="true" box="[699,722,1751,1777]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC13DEFD19C1A7C3" bold="true" box="[897,917,1751,1777]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FBDCDEFD1E87A7C3" bold="true" box="[1102,1235,1751,1777]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M, P–R, U</emphasis>
|
||
. Right McIII.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF2FDED01A8DA626" bold="true" box="[189,217,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE0CDED01BFBA626" bold="true" box="[414,431,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">P</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FDECDED018C7A626" bold="true" box="[638,659,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Q</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximo-medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FC25DED0199EA626" bold="true" box="[951,970,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximo-lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FB75DED01EAEA626" bold="true" box="[1255,1274,1786,1812]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">U</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FEB1DF371B9FA605" bold="true" box="[291,459,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N–O, S–T, V</emphasis>
|
||
. Right McIV.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FD10DF3718C3A605" bold="true" box="[642,663,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">N</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FCF6DF37192FA605" bold="true" box="[868,891,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">O</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FBC2DF371E34A605" bold="true" box="[1104,1120,1821,1847]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximo-lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FF2FDF6A1A85A668" bold="true" box="[189,209,1856,1882]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">T</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximo-medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D72BFF88FE79DF6A1854A668" bold="true" box="[491,512,1856,1882]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">V</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars:
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED72BFF88FF6DDFE71B68A6DA" box="[255,316,1997,2024]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD735FF96FF2FD9231F36A075" blockId="49.[187,1399,265,327]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
the pisiform and a laterally reduced facet for the ulna. On the medial side, the two facets for the lunate are very small, band-shaped and anteroposteriorly elongated, contrary to the pyramidal of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D735FF96FB27D9061F0FA074" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[1205,1371,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FB27D9061F0FA074" box="[1205,1371,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD735FF96FF2FD94418F3A31A" blockId="49.[186,1401,365,552]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
TRAPEZOID. Two trapezoids are preserved from ‘Marseille’ (FSL-9501 and FSL-520283,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED735FF96FB49D9441F13A0BA" box="[1243,1351,366,392]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In anterior view, they are wider than high.The proximal border is sigmoid on the specimens from ‘Marseille’. The magnum facet occupies the whole lateral side, while the medial side is partly occupied by the extension of the scaphoid facet, and by a subtriangular medio-distal articulation for the trapezium. The proximal side is fully occupied by the anteroposteriorly concave scaphoid facet. The distal articulation for the McII is anteroposteriorly concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D735FF96FF2FDF371E15A6DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4945920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945920/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[189,232,1821,1847]" targetBox="[189,1399,624,1788]" targetPageId="49">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD735FF96FF2FDF371E15A6DA" blockId="49.[187,1400,1821,2024]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FF2FDF371B4DA605" bold="true" box="[189,281,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D735FF96FE8CDF371890A60A" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[286,708,1821,1848]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FE8CDF37184AA605" box="[286,542,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD735FF96FDB6DF371890A60A" author="Kretzoi M." box="[548,708,1821,1848]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FA93DF371F63A605" bold="true" box="[1281,1335,1821,1847]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A–F</emphasis>
|
||
. Left astragalus (BSPG collection).
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FDBBDF6A186AA668" bold="true" box="[553,574,1856,1882]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FC94DF6B194CA669" bold="true" box="[774,792,1857,1883]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FC75DF6A19A8A668" bold="true" box="[999,1020,1856,1882]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FB26DF6B1E9DA669" bold="true" box="[1204,1225,1857,1883]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FF2FDF4E1A85A64C" bold="true" box="[189,209,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FEE9DF4E1BD9A64C" bold="true" box="[379,397,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FDE5DF4E18E7A64C" bold="true" box="[631,691,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">G–K</emphasis>
|
||
. Left MtIII BSPG-1952-II.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FB95DF4E1E4AA64C" bold="true" box="[1031,1054,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FB77DF4E1EAFA64C" bold="true" box="[1253,1275,1892,1918]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FE97DFAD1B44A693" bold="true" box="[261,272,1927,1953]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FE54DFAD1B87A693" bold="true" box="[454,467,1927,1953]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D735FF96FD1BDFAD18CAA693" bold="true" box="[649,670,1927,1953]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. Abbreviations: c = cuboid; Cc1 = calcaneus facet 1; Cc2 = calcaneus facet 2; Cc3 = calcaneus facet 3; ct = collum tali; ec = ectocuneiform; f = fibula; ll = lateral lip; ml = medial lip; n = navicular; t = tuberosity. Scale bar: 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FD92319CFA099" blockId="50.[189,1400,265,427]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
COMPARISON. The only other known trapezoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FC95D92319F8A011" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[775,940,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FC95D92319F8A011" box="[775,940,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FBA8D9201EF5A011" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1082,1185,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FBA8D9201EF5A011" box="[1082,1185,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD736FF95FF54D9001B34A076" author="Brunet M." box="[198,352,298,324]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It differs by a flattened distal articulation for the McII and a concave proximal border in anterior view. This trapezoid is also smaller than those that we refer here to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FBEBD9661EA4A057" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1145,1264,332,357]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FBEBD9661EA4A057" box="[1145,1264,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially anteroposteriorly. Because we lack comparative specimens, especially with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="922DF2F9D736FF95FBDFD9461ED4A0B4" box="[1101,1152,364,390]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FB4ED9471F39A0B4" box="[1244,1389,364,390]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FB4ED9471F39A0B4" box="[1244,1389,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we can only tentatively attribute these trapezoids to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FCB2D9BB19C0A098" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[800,916,401,426]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FCB2D9BB19C0A098" box="[800,916,401,426]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FD9F91854A248" blockId="50.[187,1401,466,890]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
MAGNUM. It is preserved from Gaimersheim (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED736FF95FB95D9F81EC6A0DF" box="[1031,1170,466,493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 19I–L</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Rickenbach (NMO-H10/110,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED736FF95FE19D9DD1BA4A323" box="[395,496,503,529]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 21J</figureCitation>
|
||
). The specimens are partly broken. In anterior view, the proximal border is straight. The anterior side is wider than high. The proximal apophysis is wide, high and very convex. This apophysis is laterally bordered by a long band-shaped articulation for the lunate, that completely fuses anteriorly with the small unciform facet. The proximomedial facet for the scaphoid is larger and concave anteroposteriorly. This facet is very poorly distinguished from the medial facet for the trapezoid. This latter facet is longer than high, and its morphology would fit the shape of the corresponding facet on the trapezoid from ‘Marseille’. The trapezoid facet is separated from the medio-distal McII facet by a ridge and by a very short and shallow notch anteriorly. This facet is much longer than high, flat and its distal border is very concave in medial view. On the distal side, the McIII facet is large, trapezoidal, longer than wide and very concave anteroposteriorly. The posterior tuberosity of the magnum is short and straight in Rickenbach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FDB8919D5A57F" blockId="50.[188,1400,931,1102]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
COMPARISON. The magnum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FDBCDB8E1947A28F" authority="PUY." authorityName="PUY." box="[558,787,931,957]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FDBCDB8E1892A28F" box="[558,710,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
PUY.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
2004.6.263.RON differs from the specimens from Rickenbach and Gaimersheim by its narrower proximal apophysis. The magnum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FB18DBE21EB9A2D3" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1162,1261,967,993]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FB18DBE21EB9A2D3" box="[1162,1261,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FF6DDBC61B20A537" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[255,372,1004,1029]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FF6DDBC61B20A537" box="[255,372,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its higher and narrower anterior side. The magnum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FBBBDBC11F2CA537" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1065,1400,1003,1029]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FBBBDBC11F2CA537" box="[1065,1400,1003,1029]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diaceratherium asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FSL-213008) only differs by a slightly longer and straighter posterior tuberosity, and by a shorter proximal contact between the trapezoid and scaphoid facets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FDC5C1836A4BF" blockId="50.[188,1399,1142,1422]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
UNCIFORM. Three unciforms (FSL-520289, FSL-520282 and NMB-Mar-865,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED736FF95FBCADC5C1E97A5A2" box="[1112,1219,1142,1168]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
|
||
) are preserved from ‘Marseille’ according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD736FF95FDA2DCB01928A586" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[560,892,1178,1204]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but we only could recover the specimen NMB-Mar-865. It is almost complete, only a small part of the anterolateral side is missing. In anterior view, the two proximal facets for the pyramidal and the lunate are visible. In proximal view, the posterior expansion of the pyramidal facet was probably absent, and the pyramidal and McV facets were probably separated. The McV facet is large, very concave and located posteriorly. The posterior apophysis is thin, curved and ‘hook-shaped’. In distal view, the McIII and McIV facets are almost undistinguishable, forming a single large convex facet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FDD9C1E9BA7C3" blockId="50.[186,1399,1462,1778]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
COMPARISON. Only one other unciform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FD00DD9C1963A4E2" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[658,823,1462,1488]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FD00DD9C1963A4E2" box="[658,823,1462,1488]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known, from Ronzon, but it is very incomplete. However, from the remaining part, the dimensions are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FBBDDDF11EF5A4C6" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1071,1185,1499,1524]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FBBDDDF11EF5A4C6" box="[1071,1185,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and no characters permit to distinguish them. In contrast, the unciform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FCACDDD41EF8A72A" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[830,1196,1534,1560]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FCACDDD41EF8A72A" box="[830,1196,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diaceratherium tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMNS-16157e) strongly differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FD89DE0918C7A70E" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[539,659,1571,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FD89DE0918C7A70E" box="[539,659,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its very wide and flattened posterior apophysis, its larger McV facet contacting the pyramidal facet, the much thinner and elongated McIII facet that is well distinguished from the McIV facet and the anteroposteriorly concave McIV facet. The unciform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FF2FDEA51B0BA79B" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[189,351,1679,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Acerotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FF2FDEA51B0BA79B" box="[189,351,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">D. lemanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNHN-LIM-598) also has a very wide posterior apophysis and a connection between the McV and pyramidal facets. The unciform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D736FF95FD7EDE9E1923A7FF" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[748,887,1716,1741]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D736FF95FD7EDE9E1923A7FF" box="[748,887,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNM.1996.17.98) shows a similar wide posterior apophysis, but the contact between the pyramidal and the McV facets is absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD736FF95FF2FDF3018A2A6DB" blockId="50.[188,1400,1817,2025]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
MCIII. The McIII is overall very badly preserved. In ‘Marseille’, UPM-13667 is incomplete and poorly preserved, whereas FSL-9505 and FSL-520281 are two proximal extremities (none found in collection). In Gaimersheim (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED736FF95FDF1DF481968A64E" box="[611,828,1890,1916]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 19M, P–R, U</figureCitation>
|
||
), it is very broken and incomplete. The anterior McII facet is large and semi-circular. The posterior McII facet seems absent. The magnum facet is convex anteroposteriorly. On the lateral side, only the posterior McIV facet is preserved, but it was separated from the anterior by a shallow groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FD9231B68A082" blockId="51.[189,1400,265,432]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
COMPARISON. The McIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FE6CD92018C4A011" box="[510,656,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE6CD92018C4A011" box="[510,656,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown. One McIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FC4FD9201E17A011" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[989,1091,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC4FD9201E17A011" box="[989,1091,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is preserved in Möhren 7 (BSPG-1969-XXIV) and differs by the much smaller anterior McII facet. However, the posterior McIV facet is similar and also separated by a shallow groove from the anterior. This groove is larger in Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD737FF94FEEED9591841A0BF" author="Brunet M." box="[380,533,371,397]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The McIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FD4BD95819C0A0BE" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[729,916,370,396]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD4BD95819C0A0BE" box="[729,916,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be distinguished based on these characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FD9F21891A263" blockId="51.[187,1401,471,849]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
MCIV. It is preserved from ‘Marseille’ (FSL-520287, NMB-Mar-863 and NMB-Mar-864,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED737FF94FB68D9FD1F3CA0C3" box="[1274,1384,471,497]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
|
||
), Gaimersheim (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED737FF94FDC1D9D01901A327" box="[595,853,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1645,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-13@48.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 19 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–D. Right radius. A. Anterior view. B. Disto-lateral view. C. Distal view. D. Proximal view. – E–H. Right scaphoid. E. Medial view. F. Lateral view. G. Proximal view. H. Distal view. – I–L. Left magnum. I. Anterior view. J. Lateral view. K. Medial view. L. Distal view. – M, P–R, U. Right McIII. M. Anterior view. P. Posterior view. Q. Proximo-medial view. R. Proximo-lateral view. U. Proximal view. – N–O, S–T, V. Right McIV. N. Anterior view. O. Posterior view. S. Proximo-lateral view. T. Proximo-medial view. V. Proximal view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; h = humerus; im = insertion for the m. biceps brachii; l = lunate; m = magnum; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; pt = posterior tuberosity; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; u = ulna; un = unciform. All specimens from BSPG collection. Scale bars: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959381/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 19N–O, S–T, V</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Rickenbach (NMO-I8/117,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED737FF94FB64D9D01F3DA327" box="[1270,1385,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 21K</figureCitation>
|
||
). In proximal view, the proximal side is lozenge to triangular-shaped. The articulation for the unciform is almost flat anteroposteriorly, but slightly concave lateromedially. On the lateral side, the articulation for the McV is long and low, except on the specimen from Rickenbach where it is reduced and circular. The rugosity of the contact surface for the McV on the lateral border occupies almost half of the diaphysis proximally. On the medial side, two large facets articulate with the McIII (broken on the specimen from Gaimersheim): one is band-shaped and anteroposteriorly elongated on the anteroproximal border, and the other oval-shaped, posterior and separated from it by a groove. These two facets are almost in the same vertical plane. In posterior view, the specimen from Rickenbach differs from the others by its very deep fossa, just above the distal articulation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FDB501869A559" blockId="51.[188,1399,889,1132]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
COMPARISON. The McIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FD80DB5319D3A2A1" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[530,903,889,915]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tomerdingense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD80DB5319D3A2A1" box="[530,903,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diaceratherium tomerdingense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMNS-16155b) strongly differs by its reduced length (only
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED737FF94FE55DBB71874A28A" box="[455,544,925,952]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="cm" value="9.5">9.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
), its convex medial border of the diaphysis with a prominent rugose tuberosity on the anteroproximal part of the diaphysis, the anterior McIII facet contacting the posterior one and the deep incision of the posterior border of the unciform facet in proximal view. The McIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FF2CDC201B38A511" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[190,364,1033,1059]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2CDC201B38A511" box="[190,364,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D. asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FSL-213012) also differs by its convex medial border of the diaphysis with a prominent rugose tuberosity on the anteroproximal part of the diaphysis, but the two McIII facets are separated, and the unciform facet is not incised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FDCBE18B8A5C4" blockId="51.[189,1399,1172,1270]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">SACRUM. A sacrum is preserved from Poillat (MJSN-BEU-001-280). It is quite well preserved and is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae. The neural spines are not fused together and there are four dorsal and ventral sacral foramina on each side.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FDD3418BEA46E" blockId="51.[189,1399,1310,1372]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
COMPARISON. Because of the rarity of the preservation of the sacrum, no comparison can be made, either with other ronzotheres or with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FDB5DD6818B6A46E" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[551,738,1346,1372]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FDB5DD6818B6A46E" box="[551,738,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="19E91CD3D737FF94FF2FDDCA1864A6DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" startId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" subCaptionStartIDs="51.[259,430,1892,1918]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1975]" targetPageId="52">
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD737FF94FF2FDDCA1864A6DA" blockId="51.[186,1399,1504,2024]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2FDDCA1B44A4C8" bold="true" box="[189,272,1504,1530]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 21</emphasis>
|
||
(next page).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D737FF94FE31DDCB191EA4C9" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[419,842,1505,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE31DDCB18F7A4C8" box="[419,675,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD737FF94FD38DDCB191EA4C9" author="Kretzoi M." box="[682,842,1505,1531]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Rickenbach (late Oligocene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="35810CCBD737FF94FB4BDDCB1F3FA4CE" box="[1241,1387,1505,1532]" name="Switzerland" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
). –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF46DE2E1ABDA72C" bold="true" box="[212,233,1540,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Mandible NMB-UM-3832.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FDD6DE2E1833A72C" bold="true" box="[580,615,1540,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FCBDDE2E1905A72C" bold="true" box="[815,849,1540,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB97DE2E1E7CA72C" bold="true" box="[1029,1064,1540,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">A3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB6EDE2E1F5AA72C" bold="true" box="[1276,1294,1540,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FECDDE0D1BD6A773" bold="true" box="[351,386,1575,1601]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FDC0DE0D1820A773" bold="true" box="[594,628,1575,1601]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FCC1DE0D193CA773" bold="true" box="[851,872,1575,1601]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Left P4 NMO-H9-13.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB1CDE0D1EE6A773" bold="true" box="[1166,1202,1575,1601]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2FDE601AB5A756" bold="true" box="[189,225,1610,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">C2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE3DDE601B90A756" bold="true" box="[431,452,1610,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FCD8DE60193AA756" bold="true" box="[842,878,1610,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FBA3DE601E01A756" bold="true" box="[1073,1109,1610,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D2</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FAB1DE601F62A756" bold="true" box="[1315,1334,1610,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE1CDE471BE4A7B5" bold="true" box="[398,432,1645,1671]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">E1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD1EDE4418C9A7BA" bold="true" box="[652,669,1646,1672]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection).
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FBB1DE471E10A7B5" bold="true" box="[1059,1092,1645,1671]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">F1</emphasis>
|
||
. Occlusal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FAB2DE471F62A7B5" bold="true" box="[1312,1334,1645,1671]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE52DEBA1BB2A798" bold="true" box="[448,486,1680,1706]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G1</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD1FDEBA18E6A798" bold="true" box="[653,690,1680,1706]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G2</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FCE3DEBA19CBA798" bold="true" box="[881,927,1680,1706]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G3.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FBAFDEBA1E37A798" bold="true" box="[1085,1123,1680,1706]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G4</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FA82DEBB1F73A799" bold="true" box="[1296,1319,1681,1707]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Right lunate NMO-I7-115.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE2EDE9E1BB5A7FC" bold="true" box="[444,481,1716,1742]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD3ADE9E1899A7FC" bold="true" box="[680,717,1716,1742]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H2</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC0FDE9E1996A7FC" bold="true" box="[925,962,1716,1742]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H3</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FBFEDE9E1EC6A7FC" bold="true" box="[1132,1170,1716,1742]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H4</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FADBDE9E1F3BA7FC" bold="true" box="[1353,1391,1716,1742]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">H5</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FEE0DEFD1B29A7C3" bold="true" box="[370,381,1751,1777]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD6EDEFD1943A7C3" bold="true" box="[764,791,1751,1777]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">I1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC40DEFD19B8A7C3" bold="true" box="[978,1004,1751,1777]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">I2</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB0EDEFD1EE3A7C3" bold="true" box="[1180,1207,1751,1777]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">I3</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2FDED01A83A626" bold="true" box="[189,215,1786,1812]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">I4</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE1DDED01BCAA626" bold="true" box="[399,414,1786,1812]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Left magnum NMO-H10-110.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC85DED01960A626" bold="true" box="[791,820,1786,1812]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">J1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC62DED01E5AA626" bold="true" box="[1008,1038,1786,1812]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">J2</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB2CDED01E8FA626" bold="true" box="[1214,1243,1786,1812]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">J3</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2FDF371A8EA605" bold="true" box="[189,218,1821,1847]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">J4</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE0BDF341BE4A60A" bold="true" box="[409,432,1822,1848]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Right McIV NMO-I8-117.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FD68DF371974A605" bold="true" box="[762,800,1821,1847]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">K1</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FC4ADF3719A9A605" bold="true" box="[984,1021,1821,1847]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">K2</emphasis>
|
||
. Medial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB38DF371E84A605" bold="true" box="[1194,1232,1821,1847]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">K3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FF2EDF6A1AB5A668" bold="true" box="[188,225,1856,1882]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">K4</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view. –
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FE53DF6B1B81A669" bold="true" box="[449,469,1857,1883]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FCBADF6A191EA668" bold="true" box="[808,842,1856,1882]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L1</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB80DF6A1E61A668" bold="true" box="[1042,1077,1856,1882]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L2</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D737FF94FB63DF6A1F46A668" bold="true" box="[1265,1298,1856,1882]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">L3</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar:
|
||
<quantity id="8A6EE1BED737FF94FE7DDFE41878A6DA" box="[495,556,1998,2024]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF92FF2FD9231E0EA0E8" blockId="53.[188,1399,265,475]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
FEMUR. Only a very poorly preserved but subcomplete femur is known from the locality of Poillat (MJSN-POI007-80). The distal articulation is only known in ‘Marseille’ (NMB-Mar-828,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED731FF92FB6FD9041F3DA07A" box="[1277,1385,302,328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The head of the femur is rounded, and the fovea capitis is deep. The smaller trochanter is only preserved on the specimen from Poillat, and it is very small. The third trochanter, the medial condyle and the medial lip of the trochlea are not preserved. The lateral condyle is protruding posteriorly, far behind the diaphysis and the lateral epicondyle is present but not very developed laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF92FF2FDA281B34A351" blockId="53.[189,1399,513,611]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
COMPARISON. There are almost no characters preserved that permit to distinguish the femur of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FA90DA281F23A329" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1282,1399,514,539]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FA90DA281F23A329" box="[1282,1399,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other ronzotheres, or from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FDBDDA0E18BEA30C" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[559,746,548,574]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FDBDDA0E18BEA30C" box="[559,746,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but it is overall very similar to the femur of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FB76DA0F1F21A30C" box="[1252,1397,548,574]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FB76DA0F1F21A30C" box="[1252,1397,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Ronzon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF92FF2FDAA11913A206" blockId="53.[188,1400,650,820]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">TIBIA. It is only known from Gaimersheim (BSPG collection), and only its medial half is preserved. The medial articulation surface is circular and concave in proximal view and the medial intercondylar tubercle is present. The medial border of the diaphysis is slightly concave. In the distal part, the mediodistal gutter is not preserved and the posterior apophysis is broken. The ridge delimitating the two distal condyles is wide and low. The fibula is unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF92FF2FDB761F00A2D0" blockId="53.[189,1399,860,994]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
COMPARISON. Based on what is left from this tibia, it only seems to differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FBC4DB761F23A244" box="[1110,1399,860,886]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FBC4DB761F23A244" box="[1110,1399,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Ronzotherium velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PUY.2004.6.260.RON and PUY.2004.6.261.RON) in having a larger size. However, it is slightly shorter than the tibiae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FE7CDB8F1802A28C" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[494,598,932,958]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FE7CDB8F1802A28C" box="[494,598,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar. There are too few characters visible on the tibia from Gaimersheim to compare it with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FD77DBE219F6A2D0" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[741,930,968,994]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FD77DBE219F6A2D0" box="[741,930,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also have a very similar size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF92FF2FDC2019DAA751" blockId="53.[188,1400,1034,1635]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
ASTRAGALUS. It is preserved from Gaimersheim only (BSPG collection,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED731FF92FB92DC201EDDA516" box="[1024,1161,1034,1060]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="49.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-247@49.[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Fig. 20. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–F. Left astragalus (BSPG collection). A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view. D. Medial view. E. Distal view. F. Proximal view. – G–K. Left MtIII BSPG-1952-II. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. I. Lateral view. J. Medial view. K. Proximal view. Abbreviations: c = cuboid; Cc1 = calcaneus facet 1; Cc2 = calcaneus facet 2; Cc3 = calcaneus facet 3; ct = collum tali; ec = ectocuneiform; f = fibula; ll = lateral lip; ml = medial lip; n = navicular; t = tuberosity. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945920/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 20A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and slightly eroded but complete. It is wider than high (TD>H) and its APD/H ratio is high (around 0.78). On the lateral side, the fibula facet is large, flat and vertical. In anterior view, the lateral lip is larger than the medial one, and the groove between the two lips is wide. The collum tali is very high, the two lips of the trochlea do not contact the distal articulation at all. The distal articulation for the navicular is concave in anterior view. In distal view, this articulation is a parallelogram, and it bears a proximal extension on the posterior side of the astragalus. Lateral to the articulation for the navicular, there is a smaller, almost flat and anteroposteriorly elongated facet for the cuboid. This facet is posteriorly broken, and the posterior stop is thus not preserved. In distal view, the trochlea is oblique compared to the distal articulation. In proximal view, the posterior border of the trochlea is sinuous. In posterior view, the three facets for the calcaneum, Cc1, Cc2 and Cc3, are distinct. The Cc1 facet is the largest and it bears a low and wide distal extension on the lateral side. It is rather triangular, and almost flat in lateral view. It is separated from the Cc2 by a deep proximal fossa, and from the Cc3 facet by a wide groove. The Cc2 facet is almost contacting the Cc3 facet by a very thin bridge and it is oval-shaped and slightly proximodistally elongated. There is a strong, rounded tuberosity medial to this Cc2 facet and separated by a large and deep proximodistal groove. Distally, the Cc3 facet is low and band-shaped, but partly eroded. The medio-distal tubercle of the astragalus is broken.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD731FF91FF2FDEA11814A316" blockId="53.[186,1399,1675,2025]" lastBlockId="54.[188,1400,265,549]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
COMPARISON. The astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FDAEDEA61881A797" box="[572,725,1675,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FDAEDEA61881A797" box="[572,725,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PUY.2004.6.1770.RON) shares with the astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FF2FDE9A1B65A7FB" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,305,1712,1737]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FF2FDE9A1B65A7FB" box="[189,305,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the very high collum tali and the absence of contact between the trochlea and the distal border, the large lateral lip compared to the medial one, the wide groove between the two lips of the trochlea, the large and flat fibula facet, the transversally concave distal navicular facet and the oblique trochlea compared with the distal articulation, in distal view.These same characters are also found on the astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FF49DF151B14A66B" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[219,320,1855,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FF49DF151B14A66B" box="[219,320,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar. Unfortunately, the posterior side of the astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FBE8DF151F59A66B" box="[1146,1293,1855,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FBE8DF151F59A66B" box="[1146,1293,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is still in sediment. Another astragalus (MNHN.LIM7) attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D731FF92FCF2DF491990A64E" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[864,964,1890,1916]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D731FF92FCF2DF491990A64E" box="[864,964,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Bournoncle-Saint-Pierre is also very similar but it shows an even more laterally offset lateral lip of the trochlea. It shares, however, the deep proximal fossa separating the Cc1 and Cc2 facets, the oval-shaped and proximodistally elongated Cc2 facet, and the band-shaped Cc3 facet. However, on this specimen, the Cc1 facet is very concave in lateral view and the Cc2 facet is connected to the Cc3 by a very wide band, contrary to the specimens from Gaimersheim and Villebramar (flattened sagittally). Also, the distal extension of the Cc1 facet is long, thin and drop-shaped. The astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FD40D9781E47A05E" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[722,1043,338,364]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FD40D9781E47A05E" box="[722,1043,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diaceratherium lemanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gannat (NMB-Gn-158), as well as the astragali of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FE74D9521827A0A3" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[486,627,376,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FE74D9521827A0A3" box="[486,627,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Laugnac (MHNM.1996.17.41, -.55 and -.77) differ from the astragalus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FECDD9B71B81A084" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[351,469,413,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FECDD9B71B81A084" box="[351,469,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a more visible and more concave facet for the navicular in anterior view, a lower height, a lower collum tali, more rounded lips of the trochlea, a larger and circular Cc2 facet, completely independent Cc2 and Cc3 facets, a concave Cc1 facet in lateral view and a reduced distal extension of the Cc1 facet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD732FF91FF2FDA671E70A35A" blockId="54.[189,1060,589,616]" box="[189,1060,589,616]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
The calcaneum, meso- and entocuneiform remain unknown for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FC3ADA641E49A355" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[936,1053,590,615]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FC3ADA641E49A355" box="[936,1053,590,615]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD732FF91FF2FDABB1B42A29E" blockId="54.[188,1400,656,940]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
NAVICULAR. It is only preserved in ‘Marseille’ (NMB-Mar-847e,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED732FF91FC26DABA1E4FA399" box="[948,1051,656,683]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is quite large, longer than wide and pretty high. The proximal articulation for the astragal is slightly anteroposteriorly concave and occupies the whole anterior side. The distal side is occupied by two poorly distinguished facets: a large, anterolateral and almost triangular one for the ectocuneiform, and a smaller one, rectangular and located postero-medially, for the mesocuneiform. There is possibly a third very small facet for the entocuneiform, but it cannot be distinguished from the mesocuneiform facet. On the lateral side, there is a single posterior and convex articulation for the cuboid. The cross-section of the navicular is lozengeshaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD732FF91FF2FDBFF1B9DA4B6" blockId="54.[188,1400,981,1412]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
COMPARISON. The navicular of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FD8EDBFF1968A2DD" box="[540,828,981,1007]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FD8EDBFF1968A2DD" box="[540,828,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ronzotherium velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not preserved from Ronzon, but
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D732FF91FB45DBFC1F23A2DD" box="[1239,1399,981,1008]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
is known in Haag 2 (unnumbered in BSPG collection). It shares a very similar shape in proximal view, with a distinct posterior notch, as well as the absence of an anterior cuboid facet and a similar concavity in lateral view. The only other known navicular of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FC9DDC6919E1A56F" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[783,949,1091,1117]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FC9DDC6919E1A56F" box="[783,949,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FBAFDC6E1EF7A56F" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1085,1187,1091,1117]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FBAFDC6E1EF7A56F" box="[1085,1187,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FF56DC421B0FA5B0" author="Brunet M." box="[196,347,1128,1154]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Its morphology is very similar and it basically only differs by its slightly smaller size. The navicular of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FE18DCA41952A595" authority="(Michel 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Michel" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[394,774,1165,1191]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FE18DCA41801A595" box="[394,597,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FDF7DCA718AAA595" author="Michel P." box="[613,766,1165,1191]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref41706" refString="Michel P. 1983. Contribution a l'etude des rhinocerotides oligocenes (La Milloque; Thezels; Puy de Vaurs). Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers." type="book" year="1983">Michel 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by its shape, it is as long as wide, and by the presence of an anterolateral facet for the cuboid. It also differs by its distal facets: the mesocuneiform facet is triangular and slightly convex, the entocuneiform facet is oblique, and the three cuneiform facets are distinguishable and separated. The navicular of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FCCFDCD619BFA427" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[861,1003,1276,1301]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FCCFDCD619BFA427" box="[861,1003,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also as wide as long and differs by its distal articulation surfaces. The navicular of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FCA0DD0B1EEFA408" authority="(Cerdeno 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Cerdeno" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[818,1211,1312,1338]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurelianense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FCA0DD0B19A6A408" box="[818,1010,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. aurelianense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FB94DD0A1EE7A408" author="Cerdeno E." box="[1030,1203,1312,1338]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="25 - 77" refId="ref40284" refString="Cerdeno E. 1993. Etude sur Diaceratherium aurelianense et Brachypotherium brachypus (Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) du Miocene moyen de France. Bulletin - Museum national d'histoire naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 15 (1 - 4): 25 - 77." type="journal article" year="1993">Cerdeño 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs by its overall shape, by the two facets for the cuboid, and by a strong angle between the distal ento- and mesocuneiform facets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD732FF91FF2FDD871891A7FA" blockId="54.[188,1401,1453,1736]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
ECTOCUNEIFORM. Only one ectocuneiform is known for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FCCBDD841985A4F5" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[857,977,1454,1479]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FCCBDD841985A4F5" box="[857,977,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from ‘Marseille’ (NMB-Mar-735,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED732FF91FF2FDDF81B78A4DE" box="[189,300,1490,1516]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 18H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The proximal articulation for the navicular is roughly triangular, concave and longer than wide. The postero-lateral process is absent. The lateral side bears two facets for the cuboid, a large and oblique anterodistal one, and a smaller postero-proximal one. The groove separating these two is rather deep. On the medial side, the mesocuneiform facet is thin, low, elongated and located posteroproximally whereas the two distal articulations for the MtII are rather large. The anterior one is concave whereas the posterior one is larger and convex. The distal articulation for the MtIII is triangular. In anterior view, the distal border is sinusoidal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD732FF90FF2FDED81E2EA07A" blockId="54.[186,1400,1777,2025]" lastBlockId="55.[189,1398,265,329]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
COMPARISON. The ectocuneiform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FDF0DED818A3A639" box="[610,759,1777,1803]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FDF0DED818A3A639" box="[610,759,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PUY.2004.6.577.RON) slightly differs by its smaller and vertical anterodistal facet for the cuboid and its smaller posterior facet for the MtII. The ectocuneiform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FF4FDF161B17A667" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[221,323,1851,1877]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FF4FDF161B17A667" box="[221,323,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FDB6DF1118EDA667" author="Brunet M." box="[548,697,1851,1877]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) only differs by its slightly smaller size. The ectocuneiform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FF4FDF4A1BCEA648" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[221,410,1888,1914]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FF4FDF4A1BCEA648" box="[221,410,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
greatly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FD1FDF4A1967A648" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[653,819,1888,1914]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FD1FDF4A1967A648" box="[653,819,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The ectocuneiform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FBD4DF4B1F44A648" baseAuthorityName="Michel" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1094,1296,1888,1914]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FBD4DF4B1F44A648" box="[1094,1296,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from La Milloque (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FEAADFAF1B85A6AD" author="Michel P." box="[312,465,1925,1951]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref41706" refString="Michel P. 1983. Contribution a l'etude des rhinocerotides oligocenes (La Milloque; Thezels; Puy de Vaurs). Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers." type="book" year="1983">Michel 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differs by the presence of a facet for the MtIV below the anterior facet for the cuboid and by a less elongated and triangular facet for the mesocuneiform, that is located more anteriorly than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FE89DFE41BEBA6DA" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[283,447,1998,2024]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FE89DFE41BEBA6DA" box="[283,447,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The ectocuneiform of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D732FF91FD4CDFE519FFA6DA" baseAuthorityName="Michel" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[734,939,1998,2024]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D732FF91FD4CDFE519FFA6DA" box="[734,939,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Castelmaurou (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD732FF91FB39DFE41F24A6DA" author="Duranthon F." box="[1195,1392,1998,2024]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref40623" refString="Duranthon F. 1990. Etude paleontologique (Rongeurs, Anthracotherides, Rhinocerotides) de la Molasse toulousaine (Oligo - Miocene). Biostratigraphie et implications geodynamiques. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris." type="book" year="1990">Duranthon 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differs by the presence of a third articulation facet for the cuboid. The one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FBE6D9201F67A011" baseAuthorityName="Cerdeno" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[1140,1331,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurelianense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FBE6D9201F67A011" box="[1140,1331,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">D. aurelianense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Artenay differs by the fusion of the two distal facets for the MtII (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD733FF90FC53D9041E39A07A" author="Cerdeno E." box="[961,1133,302,328]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="25 - 77" refId="ref40284" refString="Cerdeno E. 1993. Etude sur Diaceratherium aurelianense et Brachypotherium brachypus (Rhinocerotidae, Mammalia) du Miocene moyen de France. Bulletin - Museum national d'histoire naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 15 (1 - 4): 25 - 77." type="journal article" year="1993">Cerdeño 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD733FF90FF2FD95819CBA243" blockId="55.[188,1401,370,882]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
CUBOID. It is preserved in ‘Marseille’ (FSL-9528 and NMB-Mar-847d,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED733FF90FBB2D9581EC4A0BE" box="[1056,1168,370,396]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior side is approximately as high as wide. In anterior view, the proximal articulation is posteriorly elevated. In proximal view, the posterior apophysis is almost not visible, the proximal side is occupied almost exclusively by the two articulation surfaces, for the astragalus on the medial side, and for the calcaneus laterally. The proximal side is trapezoid and the astragalus and calcaneal facets are almost equal-sized. On the medial side, the postero-proximal and elongated facet for the navicular is concave and contacts the small, square and postero-mesial facet for the ectocuneiform. The navicular facet bears a thin extension up to the anterior border, bordering the astragalus facet. The small anterodistal facet for the ectocuneiform is separated from the posterior one by a wide groove. On
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9087D2D733FF90FBABDAB71E89A384" box="[1081,1245,668,695]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(NMB-Mar- 847d), this anterodistal facet is very developed and deeply concave, with a strong medial extension, that is not visible on the other specimen. There is no articulation facet on the lateral side, but a large and deep groove, obliquely and forward oriented, which serves as a ‘slideway’ for the tendon of the m. fibularis longus and isolates the posterior apophysis of the cuboid from the main body of the bone. In distal view, the distal articulation for the MtIV is almost flat and triangular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD733FF90FF2FDBB11E45A792" blockId="55.[186,1401,923,1696]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
COMPARISON. The cuboid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FD9DDBB618F2A287" box="[527,678,923,949]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FD9DDBB618F2A287" box="[527,678,923,949]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PUY.2004.6.1309.RON and PUY.2004.6.268.RON) differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FECBDBEB1B84A2E8" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[345,464,961,986]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FECBDBEB1B84A2E8" box="[345,464,961,986]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its smaller and oval-shaped distal articulation for the MtIV, by its shallow groove separating the proximal calcaneal facet from the astragalus one, and by its slightly shorter proximal articulation. All other characters are overall very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FC4DDC261E00A517" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[991,1108,1036,1061]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FC4DDC261E00A517" box="[991,1108,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The cuboid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FA82DC261F23A517" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1296,1399,1035,1061]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FA82DC261F23A517" box="[1296,1399,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar is poorly preserved, but it differs nonetheless by its slightly shorter posterior height, at the level of the posterior apophysis. The cuboid from the Quercy (NMB-QE-362) tentatively referred to?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FF58DC561B65A5A7" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[202,305,1147,1173]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FF58DC561B65A5A7" box="[202,305,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by its very different morphology of the anterior side, the absence of ridge separating the proximal astragalus and calcaneal facets and its more posteriorly elevated proximal articulation, but resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FEA9DCEC1BE6A5ED" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[315,434,1222,1247]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FEA9DCEC1BE6A5ED" box="[315,434,1222,1247]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its very similar medial articulations for the ectocuneiform and navicular. The cuboid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FEA8DCC118D9A437" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[314,653,1259,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FEA8DCC118D9A437" box="[314,653,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Diaceratherium asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FSL-213014) from Pyrimont-Challonges greatly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FF2DDD3B1B62A418" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[191,310,1297,1322]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FF2DDD3B1B62A418" box="[191,310,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its proportions, dimensions and morphology (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD733FF90FC25DD3A1EB9A418" author="Deperet C. & Douxami H." box="[951,1261,1296,1322]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="11 - 90" refId="ref40591" refString="Deperet C. & Douxami H. 1902. Les vertebres Oligocenes de Pyrimont-Challonges (Savoie). Memoires de la Societe paleontologique de la Suisse 29: 11 - 90." type="journal article" year="1902">Depéret & Douxami 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. XXIX, fig. 7). It differs by the presence of an isolated anteroproximal facet for the lunate. The height of the anterior side is much smaller than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FDF9DD76188BA447" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[619,735,1372,1397]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FDF9DD76188BA447" box="[619,735,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas its width is similar. However, it is much higher posteriorly than the cuboids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FDBCDDAB18F7A4A8" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[558,675,1409,1434]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FDBCDDAB18F7A4A8" box="[558,675,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of the very high apophysis, and the strong posterior elevation of the proximal surface. The proximal articulation is rectangular in proximal view and the posterior apophysis is very visible posterior to this articulation. The distal articulation for the MtIV is transversally convex and concave anteroposteriorly. The lateral groove for the tendons is very shallow. Another cuboid from Castelmaurou (TLM.PAL.2014.0.2563) attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FB8DDE3C1B55A767" authority="(Duranthon 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Duranthon" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FB8DDE3C1EBDA71D" box="[1055,1257,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD733FF90FB65DE3F1AADA767" author="Duranthon F." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref40623" refString="Duranthon F. 1990. Etude paleontologique (Rongeurs, Anthracotherides, Rhinocerotides) de la Molasse toulousaine (Oligo - Miocene). Biostratigraphie et implications geodynamiques. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris." type="book" year="1990">Duranthon 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also shares the same characters as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FD26DE16193CA767" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[692,872,1595,1621]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FD26DE16193CA767" box="[692,872,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">D. asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and especially the isolated anteroproximal facet for the lunate, which is always absent in ronzotheres. The presence of this facet thus seems to be a diagnostic character differentiating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FDCCDEAF194FA7AD" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[606,795,1669,1695]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FDCCDEAF194FA7AD" box="[606,795,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FCF1DEAF1E5DA7AD" authorityName="Aymard" authorityYear="1854" box="[867,1033,1669,1695]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FCF1DEAF1E5DA7AD" box="[867,1033,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD733FF90FF2FDEE01886A6DA" blockId="55.[186,1399,1737,2025]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
MTII. One MtII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FE06DEE01853A7D1" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[404,519,1738,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FE06DEE01853A7D1" box="[404,519,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is preserved from ‘Marseille’ (NMB-Mar-847a,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED733FF90FBA9DEE31EC3A7D1" box="[1083,1175,1737,1763]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 18I</figureCitation>
|
||
) but was originally attributed to a McII of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FE74DEC418F7A63A" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[486,675,1774,1800]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FE74DEC418F7A63A" box="[486,675,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D733FF90FD29DEC4197FA63A" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[699,811,1774,1800]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D733FF90FD29DEC4197FA63A" box="[699,811,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and another from Rickenbach (NMB-UM-2565,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED733FF90FF2FDF3E1B70A61C" box="[189,292,1812,1838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[189,232,1504,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-13@52.[189,1399,265,1975]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Fig. 21 (next page).Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Rickenbach (late Oligocene, Switzerland). – A. Mandible NMB-UM-3832. A1. Occlusal view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Lingual view. – B. Left P2 NMB-Ri-24. B1. Occlusal view. B2. Lingual view. – C. Left P4 NMO-H9-13. C1. Occlusal view. C2. Lingual view. – D. Right P4–M1 NMB-UM-1840. D1. Occlusal view. D2. Lingual view. – E. Left M2 NMB-Ri-27. E1. Occlusal view. – F. Left M2–3 (SMNS collection). F1. Occlusal view. – G. Left scaphoid NMO-I5-62.G1. Medial view.G2. Proximal view.G3. Lateral view.G4. Distal view. –H. Right lunate NMO-I7-115. H1. Anterior view. H2. Proximal view. H3. Distal view. H4. Lateral view. H5. Medial view. – I. Right pyramidal NMO-I11-82. I1. Anterior view. I2. Medial view. I3. Proximal view. I4. Distal view. – J. Left magnum NMO-H10-110. J1. Anterior view. J2. Medial view. J3. Distal view. J4. Lateral view. – K. Right McIV NMO-I8-117. K1. Anterior view.K2. Medial view. K3. Lateral view. K4. Proximal view. – L. Left MtII NMB-UM-2565. L1. Proximal view. L2. Anterior view. L3. Lateral view. Abbreviations: adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; ec = ectocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; p = pyramidal; pi = pisiform; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; ul = ulna; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959383/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 21L</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is partly broken proximally. In anterior view, the proximal articulation for the mesocuneiform is concave. The diaphysis is curved towards the medial side and is very widened distally.Antero-laterally, there is no anterior articulation for the MtIII, only a single small facet for the ectocuneiform. A groove separates this facet from the two posterior facets (not preserved on the specimen from ‘Marseille’): one is for the ectocuneiform, the other below, is for the MtIII. The ectocuneiform facet is large and oblique, whereas the MtIII facet is thin and elongated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73CFF9FFF2FD9231921A080" blockId="56.[189,1400,265,435]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
COMPARISON. The MtII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFD91D920183BA011" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[515,623,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFD91D920183BA011" box="[515,623,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73CFF9FFCF7D9231E54A011" author="Brunet M." box="[869,1024,265,291]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Möhren 7 (BSPG-1969- XXIV-73) differ by the presence of an anterior facet for the MtIII, below the ectocuneiform facet, and by their gracility. The MtII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFDBBD97B189FA059" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[553,715,337,363]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemanense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFDBBD97B189FA059" box="[553,715,337,363]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D. lemanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Wischberg (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73CFF9FFC31D97B1E3FA059" author="Jame C. & Tissier J. & Maridet O. & Becker D." box="[931,1131,337,363]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="7517" refId="ref41000" refString="Jame C., Tissier J., Maridet O. & Becker D. 2019. Early Agenian rhinocerotids from Wischberg (Canton Bern, Switzerland) and clarification of the systematics of the genus Diaceratherium. PeerJ 7: e 7517. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7517" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Jame
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFC7BD97B1E72A059" box="[1001,1062,337,363]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differs in being more gracile, but also in having a very large posterior facet for the ectocuneiform, an anterior facet for the MtIII and an elongated posteromedial entocuneiform facet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73CFF9FFF2FD9F1183DA24D" blockId="56.[188,1400,474,895]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
MTIII. It is only preserved from Gaimersheim (BSPG-
|
||
<date id="39286A9BD73CFF9FFCD1D9F019CFA0C7" box="[835,923,474,501]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="1952-02">1952-II</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED73CFF9FFC3AD9F01E6DA0C6" box="[936,1081,474,500]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="49.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-247@49.[189,1399,624,1788]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Fig. 20. Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from Gaimersheim (late Oligocene, Germany). – A–F. Left astragalus (BSPG collection). A. Anterior view. B. Posterior view. C. Lateral view. D. Medial view. E. Distal view. F. Proximal view. – G–K. Left MtIII BSPG-1952-II. G. Anterior view. H. Posterior view. I. Lateral view. J. Medial view. K. Proximal view. Abbreviations: c = cuboid; Cc1 = calcaneus facet 1; Cc2 = calcaneus facet 2; Cc3 = calcaneus facet 3; ct = collum tali; ec = ectocuneiform; f = fibula; ll = lateral lip; ml = medial lip; n = navicular; t = tuberosity. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4945920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4945920/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 20G–K</figureCitation>
|
||
). It differs drastically from MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFEBBD9D51BC6A32A" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[297,402,510,536]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFEBBD9D51BC6A32A" box="[297,402,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar by its robustness. The proximal part is slightly broken medially and laterally. The proximal articulation for the ectocuneiform is roughly trapezoid, with a lateral notch separating the two facets for the MtIV, and it is as wide as long. It is slightly bulged at the level of this notch. There is no facet for the cuboid. In anterior view, the proximal border is straight and oblique and there is a marked distal widening of the diaphysis towards the distal articulation. In medial view, the anterior articulation for the MtII is broken but may have been absent, and the posterior is small and poorly differentiated from the proximal articulation. In lateral view, the anterior articulation for the MtIV is large and triangular, whereas the posterior is poorly preserved. They are separated by a deep groove. The distal keel is quite smooth but still visible in anterior view, and there is no distal tubercle on the posterior side. The insertions of the m. interossei are long on the medial and lateral sides (they extend beyond the middle of the diaphysis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73CFF9FFF2FDB8D19D1A4CC" blockId="56.[188,1401,934,1534]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
COMPARISON. The MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFE64DB8D18DFA2F2" box="[502,651,934,960]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFE64DB8D18DFA2F2" box="[502,651,934,960]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is poorly preserved, and it differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFB2ADB8D1F7AA2F2" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1208,1326,935,960]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFB2ADB8D1F7AA2F2" box="[1208,1326,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its greater length, even though its width is quite similar. It also shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFB82DBE11ED1A2D6" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1040,1157,971,996]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFB82DBE11ED1A2D6" box="[1040,1157,971,996]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a distal widening of the diaphysis and a smooth distal keel of the articulation. The MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFC7FDBC51E06A53A" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1005,1106,1006,1032]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFC7FDBC51E06A53A" box="[1005,1106,1006,1032]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFECADC391B9BA51E" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[344,463,1043,1068]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFECADC391B9BA51E" box="[344,463,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its higher gracility, but it shows a similar distal widening of the diaphysis. As in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFE99DC1D1BD7A562" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[267,387,1079,1104]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFE99DC1D1BD7A562" box="[267,387,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the proximal border is straight and oblique in anterior view and the distal keel is smooth. Another MtIII from Möhren 7 (BSPG-1969-XXIV-156) is quite similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFB48DC711F1BA546" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1242,1359,1115,1140]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFB48DC711F1BA546" box="[1242,1359,1115,1140]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as it shares the distal widening of the diaphysis, the absence of a posterior facet for the MtII, the presence of a posterior articulation for the MtII and the similar shape of the proximal side. Although their length is almost equal, the MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFDBEDCEC18F2A5ED" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[556,678,1222,1247]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFDBEDCEC18F2A5ED" box="[556,678,1222,1247]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much wider. The MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFBB2DCEF1F22A5ED" baseAuthorityName="Deperet & Douxami" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1056,1398,1221,1247]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asphaltense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFBB2DCEF1F22A5ED" box="[1056,1398,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Diaceratherium asphaltense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FSL-213016) differs by its smaller size and its reduced width, compared to the MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFB65DCC01F3BA431" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[1271,1391,1258,1283]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFB65DCC01F3BA431" box="[1271,1391,1258,1283]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The shape of the proximal side in anterior view is also quite different, it is triangular. It also differs by its shorter insertion for the m. interossei, the absence of a posterior facet for the MtII and the absence of distal widening of the diaphysis. In proximal view, the anterior border of the proximal articulation is straight, and it is also slightly less oblique in anterior view. The MtIII of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFBF6DD531F66A4A0" baseAuthorityName="Duranthon" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1124,1330,1400,1426]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFBF6DD531F66A4A0" box="[1124,1330,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D. lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Castelmaurou (TLM.PAL.2014.0.2564) differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFC1FDDB71E50A484" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[909,1028,1437,1462]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFC1FDDB71E50A484" box="[909,1028,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its much thinner diaphysis, its concave proximal articulation in anterior view, the absence of a posterior facet for the MtII, and its proximal side being much wider than long in proximal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73CFF9FFF2FDE0C19C8A6B0" blockId="56.[188,1401,1574,1923]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
MTIV. It is only preserved from ‘Marseille’ (FSL-520286,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D5AD50DED73CFF9FFCF4DE0C1992A772" box="[870,966,1574,1600]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[190,233,1470,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-13@46.[189,1399,267,1977]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 18 (next page). Ronzotherium romani Kretzoi, 1940 from St-Henri/St-André/Les-Milles, near Marseille (late Oligocene, France). – A. Left scaphoid FSL-520285. A1. Medial view. A2. Lateral view. A3. Proximal view.A4. Distal view. – B. Right trapezoid FSL-9501.B1. Anterior view.B2. Lateral view. B3. Medial view. B4. Proximal view. B5. Distal view. – C. Right unciform NMB-Mar-865. C1. Anterior view. C2. Medial view. C3. Lateral view. C4. Proximal view. C5. Distal view. – D. Left McIV FSL- 520287. D1. Proximal view. D2. Anterior view. D3. Medial view. D4. Lateral view. – E. Right distal femur NMB-Mar-828. E1. Anterior view. E2. Distal view. – F. Right navicular NMB-Mar-847e. F1. Lateral view. F2. Proximal view. F3. Distal view. – G. Right cuboid NMB-Mar-847d. G1. Anterior view. G2. Proximal view. G3. Distal view. G4. Medial view. G5. Lateral view. – H. Left ectocuneiform NMB-Mar-735. H1. Proximal view. H2. Anterior view. H3. Lateral view. H4. Medial view. – I. Right MtII NMB-Mar-847a. I1. Anterior view. I2. Lateral view. – J. Left MtIV FSL-520286. J1. Proximal view. J2. Anterior view. J3. Medial view. Abbreviations: a = astragal; adl = anterodistal facet for the lunate; apl = anteroproximal facet for the lunate; c = cuboid; ca = calcaneus; ec = ectocuneiform; en = entocuneiform; l = lunate; m = magnum; mc = mesocuneiform; n = navicular; p = pyramidal; ppl = postero-proximal facet for the lunate; r = radius; s = scaphoid; td = trapezoid; tm = trapezium; un = unciform. Scale bar: 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4959379/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 18J</figureCitation>
|
||
), and it is complete. As for the MtIII, it is also more robust than the MtIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFD0DDE61195CA756" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[671,776,1610,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFD0DDE61195CA756" box="[671,776,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar. The proximal articulation for the cuboid is roughly triangular, with a small notch on the medial side between the two facets for the MtIII. The postero-proximal tuberosity is pad-shaped and continuous. On the medial side, the two facets for the MtIII are rather large, and separated by a narrow groove, than runs from the proximal side to the anterior side. The anterior MtIII facet is triangular while the posterior one is less proximal, and oval-shaped. There is no posterior tubercle. The MtV facet is absent. By virtually articulating the 3D models of this MtIV to the MtIII from Gaimersheim, their morphologies would both match very well: the length of the anterior MtIII/MtIV facet is identical, and the groove is located at the same position; on the diaphysis, the insertions for the m. interossei extend up to the same level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73CFF9EFF2FDF811F22A083" blockId="56.[189,1399,1962,2025]" lastBlockId="57.[189,1398,265,434]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
COMPARISON. The MtIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFE6EDF8118C6A6F6" box="[508,658,1962,1988]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFE6EDF8118C6A6F6" box="[508,658,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Ronzon is lost. The MtIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73CFF9FFBA8DF811EF5A6F6" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1082,1185,1962,1988]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73CFF9FFBA8DF811EF5A6F6" box="[1082,1185,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Villebramar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73CFF9FFF54DFE41B0FA6DA" author="Brunet M." box="[198,347,1998,2024]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref40079" refString="Brunet M. 1979. Les grands mammiferes chefs de file de l'immigration Oligocene et le probleme de la limite Eocene - Oligocene en Europe. Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris." type="book" year="1979">Brunet 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differs by its dimensions, the concave proximal facet for the cuboid, and the much wider groove separating the two MtIII facets. The MtIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFCA2D9231F22A011" authority="(Duranthon 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Duranthon" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[816,1398,265,291]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lamilloquense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFCA2D9231ECFA011" box="[816,1179,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diaceratherium lamilloquense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73DFF9EFB39D9231F3AA011" author="Duranthon F." box="[1195,1390,265,291]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref40623" refString="Duranthon F. 1990. Etude paleontologique (Rongeurs, Anthracotherides, Rhinocerotides) de la Molasse toulousaine (Oligo - Miocene). Biostratigraphie et implications geodynamiques. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris." type="book" year="1990">Duranthon 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs by its dimensions, by the concave proximal facet for the cuboid, by the much wider groove separating the two MtIII facets and by the 90° angle between these two. The MtIV of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFB3AD97B1F62A058" baseAuthorityName="Repelin" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1192,1334,337,362]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aginense">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFB3AD97B1F62A058" box="[1192,1334,337,362]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">D. aginense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Laugnac (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73DFF9EFEC4D95E1B89A0BC" author="Bonis L. de" box="[342,477,372,398]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 192" refId="ref39891" refString="Bonis L. de. 1973. Contribution a l'etude des mammiferes de l'Aquitanien de l'Agenais: rongeurs, carnivores, perissodactyles. Memoires du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Ser. C - Sciences de la Terre 28: 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="1973">Bonis 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 34a) further differs by the presence of an anterior ectocuneiform facet, by a reduced postero-proximal tuberosity and by the very different shape (triangular) of the proximal side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FD9F01BF3A265" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
FINAL REMARKS. All these newly identified postcranial remains considerably change our view of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFE88D9D71848A325" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[282,540,509,535]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFE88D9D71848A325" box="[282,540,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Prior to this study, only scarce remains were identified, and this species was believed to resemble its closely-related species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFCA1DA0B19C8A308" baseAuthorityName="Brunet" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[819,924,544,570]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="filholi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFCA1DA0B19C8A308" box="[819,924,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">R. filholi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by being rather medium-sized, gracile and cursorial. Based on this wrong premise, large and robust postcranial rhinocerotid remains from ‘Marseille’ were not assigned to the co-occurring
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFC8FDA4319C1A3B0" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[797,917,617,642]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFC8FDA4319C1A3B0" box="[797,917,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">R. romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed, the species, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFB3EDA421F3DA3B0" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[1196,1385,616,642]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFB3EDA421F3DA3B0" box="[1196,1385,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFF2FDAA11B79A397" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[189,301,651,677]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFF2FDAA11B79A397" box="[189,301,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was named based on these short and robust postcranials, as it was not conceivable to consider they would document any representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFD24DA851EC9A3FB" authority="(Menouret & Guerin 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Menouret & Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[694,1181,687,713]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFD24DA851908A3FB" box="[694,860,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73DFF9EFCFEDA851EC1A3FB" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[876,1173,687,713]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Yet, by comparing postcranial remains to other remains of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFD0DDAF81911A3DE" baseAuthorityName="Menouret & Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[671,837,722,748]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFD0DDAF81911A3DE" box="[671,837,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFBF0DAF91EACA3DE" box="[1122,1272,722,748]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velaunum">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFBF0DAF91EACA3DE" box="[1122,1272,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">R. velaunum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for which the postcranial skeleton is well preserved, we show that all of them can be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFB58DADC1F3BA222" baseAuthorityName="Menouret & Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1226,1391,758,784]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFB58DADC1F3BA222" box="[1226,1391,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, instead of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFEAADB301BA1A206" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[312,501,794,820]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFEAADB301BA1A206" box="[312,501,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In particular, the postcranial skeleton of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFC72DB301EB6A206" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[992,1250,794,820]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFC72DB301EB6A206" box="[992,1250,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFF2FDB171B2EA265" authorityName="Dietrich" authorityYear="1931" box="[189,378,829,855]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFF2FDB171B2EA265" box="[189,378,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diaceratherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDB431F22A2B1" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1398,873,899]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the lower fossa olecrani of the humerus in posterior view and the constricted condyles in anterior</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF49DBA61B49A294" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[219,285,908,934]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">view;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDB921F23A2E3" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,951,978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the equal posterior and anterior heights of the scaphoid, a less convex dorsal border in proximal</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF49DBF11F22A2C4" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[219,1398,987,1014]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">view, a concave distal articulation for the magnum, a less concave articulation for the trapezoid and a</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF49DBD518C3A52B" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[219,663,1023,1049]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">smaller articulation for the trapezium;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDC001F23A576" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,1066,1092]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the large posterior tuberosity of the lunate in proximal view, the developed posterior extension of the</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF49DC671F23A555" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[219,1399,1101,1128]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">proximal facet for the radius, the higher anterior side in anterior view, the shallower groove separating</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF48DC5B1F21A5B9" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[218,1397,1137,1164]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">the anteroproximal facet for the scaphoid from the postero-proximal, as well as the reduced anterior</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4EDCBF1E80A582" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[220,1236,1173,1200]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">portion of the facet for the magnum (it is almost as large as the distal pyramidal facet);</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDCEA1F23A5E8" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,1216,1242]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the higher anterior side of the pyramidal, the more elongated facet for the pisiform, the developed</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4FDCC91910A5CF" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[221,836,1251,1277]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">facet for the ulna and the larger facets for the lunate;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDD251F23A41B" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,1295,1321]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the shorter and straight posterior tuberosity of the magnum and a shorter proximal contact between</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4FDD18183EA47E" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[221,618,1330,1356]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">the trapezoid and scaphoid facets;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDD741F23A445" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,1373,1400]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the thin, curved and ‘hook-shaped’ posterior apophysis of the unciform, the larger McIII facet, poorly</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF48DDAB19E9A4A9" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[218,957,1409,1436]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">distinguished from the McIV facet and the convex McIV facet;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDD871F23A4F4" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1399,1452,1479]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the absence of rugose tuberosity on the anteroproximal part of the diaphysis of the McIV, the straighter</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4BDDFA1992A4D8" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[217,966,1488,1514]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">medial border of the diaphysis and its more reduced robustness;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDDD11F22A727" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1398,1531,1557]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the less concave facet for the navicular on the atragalus, the higer collum tali, the smaller Cc2 facet,</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4EDE341F23A70A" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[220,1399,1566,1593]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">the contact between the Cc2 and Cc3 facets, a flatter Cc1 facet in lateral view and the large distal</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF49DE681841A76E" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[219,533,1602,1628]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">extension of the Cc1 facet;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDE441F22A7B5" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1398,1645,1672]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the global size and shape of the navicular, longer than wide, and its single posterior articulation for</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF4FDEBB1B0BA799" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[221,351,1681,1707]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">the cuboid;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDE971975A7E4" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,801,1724,1751]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the disposition of the facets of the ectocuneiform;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDEC21F1EA633" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1354,1767,1794]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the absence of anteroproximal facet for the lunate on the cuboid and the trapezoid proximal side;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDF39192BA61F" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,895,1810,1837]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the more robust MtII, without anterior facet for the MtIII;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDF141EF9A66A" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1197,1854,1880]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the wider diaphysis of the MtIII and the different shape of its proximal articulation;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDF431E93A6B1" blockId="57.[186,1399,473,1923]" box="[189,1223,1897,1923]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">- the dimensions of the MtIV and the shallower groove separating the two MtIII facets.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D294C5BD73DFF9EFF2FDF811956A6DB" blockId="57.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Accordingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFEF2DF8119B5A6F7" authority="Menouret & Guerin, 2009" authorityName="Menouret & Guerin" authorityYear="2009" box="[352,993,1963,1989]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Diaceratherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massiliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFEF2DF8118CCA6F7" box="[352,664,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diaceratherium massiliae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73DFF9EFD31DF8119B5A6F7" author="Menouret B. & Guerin C." box="[675,993,1963,1989]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="293 - 327" refId="ref41524" refString="Menouret B. & Guerin C. 2009. Diaceratherium massiliae nov. sp. des argiles oligocenes de Saint- Andre et Saint-Henri a Marseille et de Les Milles pres d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode europeen. Geobios 42 (3): 293 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.10.009" type="journal article" year="2009">Ménouret & Guérin, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be considered as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9637D8D73DFF9EFEC2DFE418AFA6DA" authority="Kretzoi, 1940" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1940" box="[336,763,1998,2024]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ronzotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romani">
|
||
<emphasis id="7FE29049D73DFF9EFEC2DFE41805A6DA" box="[336,593,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ronzotherium romani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="290731AAD73DFF9EFDCBDFE418AFA6DA" author="Kretzoi M." box="[601,763,1998,2024]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref41199" refString="Kretzoi M. 1940. Alttertiare Perissodactylen aus Ungarn. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 33: 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1940">Kretzoi, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |