343 lines
35 KiB
XML
343 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="D708ACE2E0F6426FFC3148B7F69A56A6" ID-CLB-Dataset="21272" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05d1bac2-fe53-42ba-a04d-bc4828adaf4e" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597771971732" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2015" docId="03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.13-14.865-904.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Charaxes (Eriboea) kirki subsp. kirki kirki Butler 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="884" masterDocId="FFDFFF84FFA0FF834804FFE3FFBEFFB1" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae" masterLastPageNumber="904" masterPageNumber="865" pageNumber="884" updateTime="1698844713879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F6D772518682AE5292B8D08B0109792A">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ED6D9A0B2FFD26350849C9BCD216BD9A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="50432A874D798E749A2A1BC3197330BC">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B48308BFF082F46A68ECA6B4CAC55165">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="681061843B7E37827C6E2E0A96E9ECCA">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F51119CF170E9CE4B618C18DB1FCA2C3">Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="55B253E5C9D8E9B4D1F2EA9E885D6383">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="03AB71B59420D885C88831CEC6505312">
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<mods:date id="9E4C851A631E236FBDCDAEF2C908DD9E">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="99C17D75F195BDAE924AA1524D549941">2015-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1406C4EB73F9EEA287CC0383E3FFFC99">50</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5893571E9673D4C194793A677BD888B8" type="CLB-Dataset">21272</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="36E876A27AE31CF8BE01CBF8D9ADDF42" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4339003" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167186711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4339003" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E" lastPageNumber="884" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB3FF9049A6FE1AFC3FFDA3" box="[418,897,505,530]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFC3FFDA3" blockId="19.[418,897,505,530]" box="[418,897,505,530]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
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<heading id="D0B88186FFB3FF9049A6FE1AFC3FFDA3" box="[418,897,505,530]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF9049A6FE1AFC3FFDA3" authority="kirki Butler, 1881" authorityName="kirki Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[418,897,505,530]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="kirki" subGenus="Eriboea" subSpecies="kirki">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049A6FE1AFDB4FDA3" box="[418,522,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Charaxes</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A18FE1AFDCFFDA3" box="[540,625,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Eriboea</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A86FE1AFD57FDA3" box="[642,745,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">kirki kirki</emphasis>
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Butler, 1881
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB3FF9048A4FDCDFE62FDD8" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048A4FDCDFE62FDD8" blockId="19.[160,1155,558,755]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9048A4FDCDFEC8FDF7" author="Henning SF" box="[160,374,558,582]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning 1989: 341</bibRefCitation>
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(4 figs).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9049DCFDCDFDDEFDF7" author="Larsen TB" box="[472,608,558,582]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 39, fig. 492 i,ii. d
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904B4FFDCDFCEFFDF7" box="[843,849,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904B54FDCDFBAFFDF7" author="Abrera B" box="[848,1041,558,582]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref21960" refString="d ' Abrera B. 2004. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part II. Nymphalidae, Libytheidae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="2004">Abrera 2004: 495</bibRefCitation>
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(2 figs, as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF9048C4FDB2FEB4FDD8" ID-CoL="99ZLC" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[192,266,593,617]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirki">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048C4FDB2FEB4FDD8" box="[192,266,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">C. kirki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). SI: Figure 18a
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049BEFDB2FE79FDD8" box="[442,455,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
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d.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB3FF9048A4FD90FE07FA36" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048A4FD90FEDEFD42" blockId="19.[160,1155,558,755]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
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Forewing length: male
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29
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049D0FD90FE5FFD3A" box="[468,481,627,651]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
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37 mm
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</quantity>
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[mean (
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904AA5FD90FD11FD3A" box="[673,687,627,651]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">n</emphasis>
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= 14)
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904B08FD90FC3BFD3A" box="[780,901,627,651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3609999999999998" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="33.61">33.61 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 1.405]; female
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF9048C4FD75FE82FD1F" box="[192,316,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="34.0">
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34
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048DFFD75FF56FD1F" box="[219,232,662,686]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
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41 mm
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</quantity>
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[mean (
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049A7FD75FE0FFD1F" box="[419,433,662,686]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">n</emphasis>
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= 4)
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF9049FEFD75FDCFFD1F" box="[506,625,662,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.80 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 1.941].
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904B18FD75FC41FD1F" author="van Someren VGL" box="[796,1023,662,686]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="75 - 166" refId="ref24096" refString="van Someren VGL. 1969. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part V. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 23: 75 - 166, 29 pls." type="book chapter" year="1969">van Someren (1969</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 130, as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF9048C4FD5AFE2DFD60" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[192,403,697,721]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="viola" subSpecies="kirki">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048C4FD5AFE2DFD60" box="[192,403,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Charaxes viola kirki</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
) gave male forewing length as
|
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904AF3FD5AFCF8FD60" box="[759,838,697,721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 mm</quantity>
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||
(lapsus for
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904BCDFD5AFBA4FD60" box="[969,1050,697,721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
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||
?), female as
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||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF9048E4FD38FEE2FD42" box="[224,348,731,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="mm" value="36.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="34.0">
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||
34
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048F8FD38FEB7FD42" box="[252,265,731,755]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
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38 mm
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||
</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048A4FCEDFD0FFC3F" blockId="19.[160,1155,782,910]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
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Note: this is one of the
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049A9FCEDFE0CFC97" box="[429,434,782,806]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
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black
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049F2FCEDFDE1FC97" box="[502,607,782,806]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Charaxes’</emphasis>
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that exhibit class 7 polymorphism (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904BF1FCEDFF69FCF8" author="Vane-Wright RI" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="329 - 337" refId="ref24405" refString="Vane-Wright RI. 1975. An integrated classification for polymorphism and sexual dimorphism in butterflies. J Zool. (London). 177: 329 - 337." type="journal article" year="1975">Vane-Wright 1975</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048E1FCD2FF4CFCF8" box="[229,242,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
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having multiple female forms that never match the almost all-black upperside of the single male phenotype.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9049E7FCB0FD35FCDA" author="Henning SF" box="[483,651,851,875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning (1989</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 341
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904AE4FCB0FD53FCDA" box="[736,749,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
342) recognizes four named female forms:
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048EAFC95FF4AFC3F" box="[238,244,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
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||
kirki
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904926FC95FE96FC3F" box="[290,296,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
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,
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904932FC95FE82FC3F" box="[310,316,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
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||
albifascia
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049A6FC95FE19FC3F" box="[418,423,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049B2FC95FE02FC3F" box="[438,444,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
|
||
rogersi
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A0DFC95FDB1FC3F" box="[521,527,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A4EFC95FDEEFC3F" box="[586,592,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
|
||
handari
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904AA1FC95FD15FC3F" box="[677,683,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048A4FC2EFF42FC56" blockId="19.[160,1156,973,1727]" box="[160,252,973,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
|
||
<heading id="D0B88186FFB3FF9048A4FC2EFF42FC56" box="[160,252,973,999]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048A4FC2EFF42FC56" bold="true" box="[160,252,973,999]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" reason="3">Records</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048A4FC11FE07FA36" blockId="19.[160,1156,973,1727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB3FF9048A4FC11FBC1FB9C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026322" country="Tanzania" elevation="950" location="Tanzania" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9048A4FC11FEFFFBBB" author="Kielland J" box="[160,321,1010,1034]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22372" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland (1990</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 105) lists this as a relatively rare butterfly from central, northern and parts of eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB3FF90495EFBF6FE7EFB9C" box="[346,448,1045,1069]" name="Tanzania" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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||
, occurring in dry woodland, savannah and bush,
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||
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<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB3FF904BF6FBF6FBC1FB9C" box="[1010,1151,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="m" value="950.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="300.0">
|
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300
|
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904C1FFBF7FB96FB9D" box="[1051,1064,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
1600 m
|
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</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
. Neither Kielland nor
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904988FBD4FDD6FBFE" author="van Someren VGL" box="[396,616,1079,1103]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="75 - 166" refId="ref24096" refString="van Someren VGL. 1969. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part V. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 23: 75 - 166, 29 pls." type="book chapter" year="1969">van Someren (1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A75FBD4FDC0FBFE" box="[625,638,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF904AA2FBD4FC93FBFE" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[678,813,1079,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="viola" subSpecies="kirki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904AA2FBD4FC93FBFE" box="[678,813,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">C. viola kirki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) gives specific records for the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB3FF9048A4FBB9FEA0FBC3" box="[160,286,1114,1138]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
area.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB3FF904963FBB9FEFFFB06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026314" collectingDate="1906-01-05" collectingDateMax="1906-01-16" collectingDateMin="1906-01-05" collectorName="Taveta" country="Tanzania" location="Included" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<location id="8E906031FFB3FF904963FBB9FE77FBC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E:8E906031FFB3FF904963FBB9FE77FBC3" box="[359,457,1114,1138]" country="Tanzania" name="Included" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">Included</location>
|
||
here as a member of the lower slopes fauna based on one male from the slopes of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB3FF9049BFFB9EFD82FB24" box="[443,572,1149,1173]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AFFB3FF904A4CFB9EFCA1FB24" box="[584,799,1148,1173]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1906-01-05" valueMax="1906-01-16" valueMin="1906-01-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9C2FFB3FF904A4CFB9EFCA1FB24" box="[584,799,1148,1173]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1906-01-05" valueMax="1906-01-16" valueMin="1906-01-05">
|
||
5
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A51FB9FFDDCFB25" box="[597,610,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
16 January 1906
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, and six males and one female from
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF9048D8FB7CFE97FB06" box="[220,297,1183,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Taveta</collectorName>
|
||
, c
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB3FF904948FB7CFC2FFB06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026318" box="[332,913,1183,1207]" collectingDate="1905-05" collectionCode="OUMNH" collectorName="Rogers" country="Tanzania" elevation="762" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904948FB7CFE25FB06" box="[332,411,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB3FF904948FB7CFE25FB06" box="[332,411,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AFFB3FF9049A2FB7CFDABFB06" box="[422,533,1183,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1905-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9C2FFB3FF9049A2FB7CFDABFB06" box="[422,533,1183,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1905-05">May 1905</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, all collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF904AD4FB7CFCA3FB06" box="[720,797,1183,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Rogers</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FFFB3FF904B2DFB7CFC35FB06" box="[809,907,1183,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">OUMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. The Oxford female is of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048EAFB21FF4DFB6B" box="[238,243,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
|
||
rogersi
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904944FB21FEF8FB6B" box="[320,326,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
phenotype.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB3FF9049DCFB21FF49FAD4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026308" collectingDate="1937-02" collectingDateMax="1938-02-31" collectingDateMin="1937-02" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="B. Cooper & Cooper & Moshi & Taveta & Rogers & Adams Collection & Adams" country="Tanzania" county="In" elevation="1372" location="Engare-Nairobi" municipality="Taveta" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62914E66FFB3FF9049DCFB21FE53FB6B" box="[472,493,1218,1242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">In</collectingCounty>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FFFB3FF9049F3FB21FD80FB6B" box="[503,574,1218,1242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
there are four males from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B94AC90FFB3FF904B73FB21FC7AFB6B" box="[887,964,1218,1242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Taveta</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, two males from
|
||
<location id="8E906031FFB3FF9048A4FB06FEF4FB4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E:8E906031FFB3FF9048A4FB06FEF4FB4C" box="[160,330,1253,1277]" country="Tanzania" county="In" municipality="Taveta" name="Engare-Nairobi" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">Engare-Nairobi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E906031FFB3FF904953FB06FE30FB4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB3FF9049A6FE1AFBC9F90E:8E906031FFB3FF904953FB06FE30FB4C" box="[343,398,1253,1277]" country="Tanzania" county="In" municipality="Taveta" name="West" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">West</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB3FF90499CFB06FDA7FB4C" box="[408,537,1253,1277]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904A21FB06FD02FB4C" box="[549,700,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="4500.0" valueMax="5000.0" valueMin="4000.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB3FF904A21FB06FD02FB4C" box="[549,700,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="4500.0" valueMax="5000.0" valueMin="4000.0">
|
||
4000
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A58FB07FDD7FB4D" box="[604,617,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
5000 ft
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AFFB3FF904ACEFB06FC7FFB4C" box="[714,961,1252,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1937-02" valueMax="1937-03-31" valueMin="1937-02-00">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9C2FFB3FF904ACEFB06FC7FFB4C" box="[714,961,1252,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1937-02" valueMax="1937-03-31" valueMin="1937-02-00">
|
||
February
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904B29FB07FC84FB4D" box="[813,826,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
March 1937
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF904BD5FB06FBFBFB4C" box="[977,1093,1253,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">B. Cooper</collectorName>
|
||
), one
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF9048A4FAE4FF4CFAAE" box="[160,242,1287,1311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Cooper</collectorName>
|
||
male from
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF904977FAE4FE07FAAE" box="[371,441,1287,1311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Moshi</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF9049C7FAE4FDADFAAE" box="[451,531,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB3FF9049C7FAE4FDADFAAE" box="[451,531,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AFFB3FF904A1AFAE4FC9BFAAE" box="[542,805,1287,1311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1938-01" valueMax="1938-02-31" valueMin="1938-01-00">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9C2FFB3FF904A1AFAE4FC9BFAAE" box="[542,805,1287,1311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" value="1938-01" valueMax="1938-02-31" valueMin="1938-01-00">
|
||
January
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A71FAE4FD3CFAAE" box="[629,642,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
February 1938
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, and three females of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904C4EFAE4FBEEFAAE" box="[1098,1104,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
|
||
kirki
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904C7AFAE4FB3AFAAE" box="[1150,1156,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
phenotype:
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF90492DFAC9FEC8FAF3" box="[297,374,1322,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Taveta</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB3FF904985FAC9FE6CFAF3" box="[385,466,1322,1346]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB3FF904985FAC9FE6CFAF3" box="[385,466,1322,1346]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF9049E4FAC9FD8DFAF3" box="[480,563,1322,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Rogers</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF904A40FAC9FD30FAF3" box="[580,654,1322,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Taveta</collectorName>
|
||
(ex
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF904AC5FAC9FC32FAF3" box="[705,908,1322,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Adams Collection</collectorName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904BD4FAC9FC6BFAF3" box="[976,981,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">‘</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB3FF904BD2FAC9FBEAFAF3" box="[982,1108,1322,1346]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904C50FAC9FBE4FAF3" box="[1108,1114,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
(ex
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB3FF9048A4FAAEFF4FFAD4" box="[160,241,1357,1381]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Adams</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. In addition to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB3FF9049B0FAAEFDA4FAD4" box="[436,538,1357,1381]" name="Tanzania" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the nominate subspecies occurs in coastal areas of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB3FF9048A4FA8CFF59FA36" box="[160,231,1391,1415]" name="Kenya" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, inland to Nairobi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB3FF9048C4FA71FBC9F90E" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB3FF9048C4FA71FBC9F90E" blockId="19.[160,1156,973,1727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF9048C4FA71FEE2FA1B" ID-CoL="99ZLC" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[192,348,1426,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048C4FA71FEE2FA1B" box="[192,348,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Charaxes kirki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an East African insect, often treated as having two or three subspecies.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF904904FA56FCA5FA7C" authority="Carpenter and Jackson, 1950" authorityName="Carpenter and Jackson" authorityYear="1950" box="[256,795,1461,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="kirki" subSpecies="suk">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904904FA56FE78FA7C" box="[256,454,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Charaxes kirki suk</emphasis>
|
||
Carpenter and Jackson, 1950
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, occurs in central and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB3FF9048A4FA34FF5AFA5E" box="[160,228,1495,1519]" name="Kenya" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9048F5FA34FE7BFA5E" author="van Someren VGL" box="[241,453,1495,1519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="75 - 166" refId="ref24096" refString="van Someren VGL. 1969. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part V. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 23: 75 - 166, 29 pls." type="book chapter" year="1969">van Someren 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 132;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904A27FA34FD14FA5E" author="Larsen TB" box="[547,682,1495,1519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 300).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904B0BFA34FC00FA5E" author="Carcasson RH" box="[783,958,1495,1519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref21735" refString="Carcasson RH. 1981. Collins Handguide to the Butterflies of Africa. London: Collins." type="book" year="1981">Carcasson 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 158, listed
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904C5BFA34FB3DFA5E" box="[1119,1155,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">suk</emphasis>
|
||
as a taxon from northwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB3FF9049DDFA19FD8DF9A3" box="[473,563,1530,1554]" name="Uganda" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in which he was followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904B97FA19FBDEF9A3" author="Ackery PR & Smith CR & Vane-Wright RI" box="[915,1120,1530,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 449, now in error due to changes in administration affecting the Karasuk area. However, d
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9048ABF9DCFF0AF9E6" box="[175,180,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9048B1F9DCFEF9F9E6" author="Abrera B" box="[181,327,1599,1623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref21960" refString="d ' Abrera B. 2004. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part II. Nymphalidae, Libytheidae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="2004">Abrera (2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 494) regarded
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904A1FF9DCFD81F9E6" box="[539,575,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">suk</emphasis>
|
||
as a synonym.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904AF6F9DCFC24F9E6" author="Henning SF" box="[754,922,1599,1623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 343; followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF9048A4F981FE92F9CB" author="Larsen TB" box="[160,300,1634,1658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB3FF9049A9F981FC41F9CB" authority="van Someren and Jackson, 1952" authorityName="van Someren and Jackson" authorityYear="1952" box="[429,1023,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="etheocles" subSpecies="daria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF9049A9F981FDC8F9CB" box="[429,630,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">C. etheocles daria</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904A87F981FC41F9CB" author="van Someren VGL & Jackson THE" box="[643,1023,1634,1658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="257 - 284" refId="ref24322" refString="van Someren VGL, Jackson THE. 1952. The Charaxes etheocles-ethalion complex: a tentative reclassification of the group (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). T R Entomol Soc Lond. 103: 257 - 284." type="journal article" year="1952">van Someren and Jackson, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as a third subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904923F967FE8AF92D" box="[295,308,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">–</emphasis>
|
||
but this Ethiopian butterfly has been treated, at least by some, as a separate species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF90496CF944FE4FF90E" author="Rydon AHB" box="[360,497,1703,1727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" pagination="76" refId="ref23435" refString="Rydon AHB. 1982. Taxonomic notes on some members of the Charaxes viola group, with descriptions of three new species from the Yemen Arab Republic and Ethiopia. In: Larsen TB, editor. The butterflies of the Yemen Arab Republic. Biologiske Skrifter. 23 (3): 76." type="journal article" year="1982">Rydon 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 63;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904A43F944FCACF90E" author="Ackery PR & Smith CR & Vane-Wright RI" box="[583,786,1703,1727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 439; d
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB3FF904B80F944FC34F90E" box="[900,906,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="884">’</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB3FF904B8EF944FBABF90E" author="Abrera B" box="[906,1045,1703,1727]" pageId="19" pageNumber="884" refId="ref21960" refString="d ' Abrera B. 2004. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part II. Nymphalidae, Libytheidae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="2004">Abrera 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 494).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |