treatments-xml/data/03/E2/7F/03E27F25FFE8FFD8DCFFFAD173184D49.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

214 lines
28 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="0215FE0F8AD65957E42B29C28026A60E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629694286941" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R." docDate="2010" docId="03E27F25FFE8FFD8DCFFFAD173184D49" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02590p091.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2590 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2590.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Amphinema Haeckel 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFDB075DFFFEFFCFDC68FFAB70124F23" masterDocTitle="Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago 2590" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699097160624" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="81570489427780F37C16A68D04C1DA2E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CAF398AF1E9BE2628A05475884F59BB5">
<mods:title id="3C269264ACEC6189E0477CB620C93193">Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago 2590</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F506666CC6225799ACDF33979EA3DCEC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="27AF0D1F94D09635ADB6F48EE80F7126">
<mods:roleTerm id="442B7BCFD90650F2D71A89F1F59B37B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E6F503DD8CAF0D18A4DC6E1171502AC0">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9F0E88BCEDB41FA831CE84CE0C813D6E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="77F2A466BC4B72013C7AEE3BA2DB5DE6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B30280082D053DBB734A1233CA071827">
<mods:title id="431E5CE5A7763076BD7A5EF85A4745ED">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C8187ADEB9AF0C6B9919748D1CB03D5">
<mods:date id="622DB6D5A13E4D81553FF68231C1381D">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D964A2A6A61C790735C8E3C3194C53C2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5305FC0CA8739249A371671B6FE99AE3">2010-08-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="49D1C569BD4465BACD921637E5F52DA4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8BE076E8AA7DC0608834B82EEF4A3EFD">2590</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C4D946108EBEE7AE176B7246A13C6329" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A5AA5EA86984C8E537D8E9D80A5DA3AC">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="25D1D918C7DD3B2256EF69BA2FD21311" unit="page">
<mods:start id="118BC0E082F53F5BD8FFC3CBD929EEEF">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="77558BCF0F2581E65E165980B8EBFAC5">91</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="8EAEF917534F8155323270A04D6EA2BE">
<mods:url id="61076D6161A7A6C17869BB840A93A176">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2590.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D5368785B44B4BD42BEDC685FA6F5846">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BCFDD78AC1302318C522CE780822C5BC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2B6457FDD259B7752C1E5E5595450A32" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E27F25FFE8FFD8DCFFFAD173184D49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E27F25FFE8FFD8DCFFFAD173184D49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E27F25FFE8FFD8DCFFFAD173184D49" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFE8FFD9DCFFFAD1722A4AB7" box="[151,568,1402,1428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE8FFD9DCFFFAD1722A4AB7" blockId="22.[151,568,1402,1428]" box="[151,568,1402,1428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0BC795FFFE8FFD9DCFFFAD1722A4AB7" bold="true" box="[151,568,1402,1428]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DCFFFAD1722A4AB7" bold="true" box="[151,568,1402,1428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE8FFD9DC86FAD1722A4AB7" ID-CoL="62B49" ID-ENA="137744" authority="Haeckel, 1879" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[238,568,1402,1428]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DC86FAD171904AB7" bold="true" box="[238,386,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Amphinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9DDE1FAD1722A4AB7" author="Haeckel, E." box="[393,568,1402,1428]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71F54AFF" box="[151,487,1477,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71F54AFF" blockId="22.[151,1436,1477,1564]" box="[151,487,1477,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5BE91DFFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71F54AFF" box="[151,487,1477,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitation id="0AEAE822FFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71F14AFF" author="Haeckel, E." box="[151,483,1477,1500]" page="49" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1879">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71F14AFF" ID-CoL="62B49" authority="Haeckel, 1879: 49" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,483,1477,1500]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DCFFFA6E71044AFF" box="[151,278,1477,1500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Amphinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9DD75FA6E71F14AFF" author="Haeckel, E." box="[285,483,1477,1500]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879: 49</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFE8FFD9DCFFFA4F7153493F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE8FFD9DCFFFA4F7153493F" blockId="22.[151,1436,1477,1564]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DCFFFA4F71384ADF" bold="true" box="[151,298,1508,1532]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE8FFD9DCFFFA4F70DD4ADF" box="[151,207,1508,1532]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE8FFD9DD58FA4E72C94ADF" authority="Peron &amp; Lesueur, 1810" authorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" authorityYear="1810" box="[304,731,1509,1532]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Oceania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DD58FA4E71CD4ADF" box="[304,479,1509,1532]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oceania dinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9DD8DFA4E72C94ADF" author="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A." box="[485,731,1509,1532]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="325 - 366" refId="ref62750" refString="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A. (1810) Tableau des caracteres generiques et specifiques de toutes les especes de meduses connues jusqu'a ce jour. Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 325 - 366." type="journal article" year="1810">Péron &amp; Lesueur, 1810</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE8FFD9DE83FA4E73AD4ADF" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[747,959,1509,1532]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DE83FA4E73AD4ADF" box="[747,959,1509,1532]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Amphinema dinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], by subsequent designation by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9D97CFA4E712F493F" author="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="61 - 82" refId="ref63783" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S. (1937) On rearing the hydroids of certain medusae, with an account of the methods used. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 22, 61 - 82." type="journal article" year="1937">Rees &amp; Russell (1937)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFE8FFD9DCFFF9EC712048D1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE8FFD9DCFFF9EC72C94821" blockId="22.[151,1436,1607,2034]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DCFFF9EC71054942" bold="true" box="[151,279,1607,1633]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Pandeid hydroids stolonal (unless
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE8FFD9DEA9F9E374474941" authority="Browne, 1907" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1907" box="[705,1109,1608,1634]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bimeria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biscayana">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE8FFD9DEA9F9E373B04942" box="[705,930,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bimeria biscayana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9DFC4F9E374474941" author="Browne, E. T." box="[940,1109,1608,1634]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref52092" refString="Browne, E. T. (1907) The hydroids collected by the &quot; Huxley &quot; from the north side of the Bay of Biscay in August, 1906. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 8, 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="1907">Browne, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is included; see
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE8FFD9D94FF9E370C449A9" author="Schuchert, P." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref64567" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert 2007</bibRefCitation>
), arising from a creeping hydrorhiza. Hydrocaulus simple, slender, of moderate length, often annulated basally, gradually expanding in diameter distally. Perisarc covering hydrorhiza and hydrocaulus, terminating below hydranth base; pseudohydrotheca absent. Hydranths clavate; tentacles filiform, amphicoronate, eight or more, in a distal whorl; hypostome dome-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE8FFD9DCAEF8BB712048D1" blockId="22.[151,1436,1607,2034]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gonophores free medusae; medusa buds borne on short pedicels arising from hydrorhiza, or caulus, or both. Medusae bell-shaped, usually with large apical process, gastric peduncle absent; manubrium broad at base; oral lips four, simple, little or not crenulated; mesenteries between manubrium and radial canals present or absent; radial canals four; marginal tentacles two, opposite, perradial, large; tentaculae or marginal warts present or absent; ocelli present or absent; gonads adradial, interradial, or perradial, sometimes extending onto radial canals.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3519DB8FFE9FFD8DCAEFF3C73184D49" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE9FFD8DCAEFF3C756A4E71" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DCAEFF3C712D4F92" bold="true" box="[198,319,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DDA2FF33731A4F91" authority="Haeckel, 1879" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[458,776,152,178]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DDA2FF3372444F92" box="[458,598,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DE36FF33731A4F91" author="Haeckel, E." box="[606,776,152,178]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was founded for two nominal species,
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8D8B2FF33713B4FF9" authority="Gosse, 1853" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1853" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eirenidae" genus="Saphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8D8B2FF3375894F92" box="[1242,1435,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Saphenia titania</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DCFFFF6B713B4FF9" author="Gosse, P. H." box="[151,297,192,218]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref56723" refString="Gosse, P. H. (1853) A naturalist's rambles on the Devonshire coast. John van Voorst, London, 451 pp." type="book" year="1853">Gosse, 1853</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DD00FF6B72B74FF9" authority="McCrady, 1859" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1859" box="[360,677,192,218]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eirenidae" genus="Saphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="apicata">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DD00FF6B71CD4FFA" box="[360,479,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. apicata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DD81FF6B72B74FF9" author="McCrady, J." box="[489,677,192,218]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="103 - 221" refId="ref60100" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History, 1, 103 - 221." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Both are now generally included in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8D951FF6B72144E21" authority="Peron &amp; Lesueur, 1810" authorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" authorityYear="1810" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Oceania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8D951FF6B70FF4E22" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oceania dinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DC9DFF4372144E21" author="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A." box="[245,518,232,258]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="325 - 366" refId="ref62750" refString="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A. (1810) Tableau des caracteres generiques et specifiques de toutes les especes de meduses connues jusqu'a ce jour. Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 325 - 366." type="journal article" year="1810">Péron &amp; Lesueur, 1810</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DE41FF4373004E22" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[553,786,232,257]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DE41FF4373004E22" box="[553,786,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema dinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DF44FF4373DF4E21" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[812,973,232,258]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 230" refId="ref60711" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910 a) Medusae of the world. Volume I. The Hydromedusae. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 109 (1), 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1910">Mayer 1910a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DFB2FF4374644E21" author="Russell, F. S." box="[986,1142,232,258]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref64047" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 530 pp." type="book" year="1953">Russell 1953</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D8EBFF4375084E21" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[1155,1306,232,258]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 469" refId="ref59263" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469." type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D94FFF4370C54E09" author="Schuchert, P." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref64567" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert 2007</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DD0AFEBB72394E09" author="Haeckel, E." box="[354,555,272,298]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckels (1879)</bibRefCitation>
account of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DEDCFEBB730F4E0A" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1853" box="[692,797,272,297]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eirenidae" genus="Saphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DEDCFEBB730F4E0A" box="[692,797,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was evidently based in part on a species not described until later,
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DD7DFE9372804E71" authority="Mayer, 1900 a" authorityName="Mayer" authorityYear="1900" box="[277,658,312,338]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Stomotoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DD7DFE9371FA4E72" box="[277,488,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Stomotoca rugosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DD98FE9372804E71" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[496,658,312,338]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref60638" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1900 a) Descriptions of new and little-known medusae from the western Atlantic. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 37, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer, 1900a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DEDBFE9373BF4E72" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[691,941,312,337]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rugosum">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DEDBFE9373BF4E72" box="[691,941,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema rugosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DFAEFE9374D04E71" author="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S." box="[966,1218,312,338]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="61 - 82" refId="ref63783" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S. (1937) On rearing the hydroids of certain medusae, with an account of the methods used. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 22, 61 - 82." type="journal article" year="1937">Rees &amp; Russell 1937</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D8A6FE9375794E71" author="Russell, F. S." box="[1230,1387,312,338]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref64047" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 530 pp." type="book" year="1953">Russell 1953</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF4CE33FFE9FFD8DCAEFECB73184D49" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Some misinformation exists in the literature about the
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE9FFD8DF2CFECB73644E59" box="[836,886,352,378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DF91FECB74974E5A" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[1017,1157,352,377]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DF91FECB74974E5A" box="[1017,1157,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D8FBFECB70AF4E81" author="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="61 - 82" refId="ref63783" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S. (1937) On rearing the hydroids of certain medusae, with an account of the methods used. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 22, 61 - 82." type="journal article" year="1937">Rees &amp; Russell (1937: 70)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DD2DFE2371E84E81" author="Haeckel, E." box="[325,506,392,418]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckel (1879)</bibRefCitation>
had fixed
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DE10FE23734A4E82" box="[632,856,392,417]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DE10FE23734A4E82" box="[632,856,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “genotype,” but Haeckel in fact did not designate a
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE9FFD8DC8CFE1B71044EE9" box="[228,278,432,458]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
species for the genus. After providing a new definition of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DFA1FE1B758E4EE9" authority=", Rees &amp; Russell (1937: 70)" authorityName=", Rees &amp; Russell" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1937" box="[969,1436,432,458]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DFA1FE1B74474EEA" box="[969,1109,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D80CFE1B758E4EE9" author="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S." box="[1124,1436,432,458]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="61 - 82" refId="ref63783" refString="Rees, W. J. &amp; Russell, F. S. (1937) On rearing the hydroids of certain medusae, with an account of the methods used. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 22, 61 - 82." type="journal article" year="1937">Rees &amp; Russell (1937: 70)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
chose
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DC8AFE7371484ED2" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[226,346,472,497]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DC8AFE7371484ED2" box="[226,346,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. dinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE9FFD8DDECFE7371A44ED1" box="[388,438,472,498]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
species. Their designation is valid because (1) no previous
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE9FFD8D815FE7374BD4ED1" box="[1149,1199,472,498]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
species designation exists for the genus (ICZN Art. 69.1), and (2)
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DEDEFDAB73234D3A" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[694,817,512,537]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DEDEFDAB73234D3A" box="[694,817,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. dinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included in
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DF91FDAB74974D3A" authorityName=", Rees &amp; Russell" authorityYear="1937" box="[1017,1157,512,537]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DF91FDAB74974D3A" box="[1017,1157,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8D8D9FDAB75744D39" author="Haeckel, E." box="[1201,1382,512,538]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57418" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 360 pp." type="book" year="1879">Haeckel (1879)</bibRefCitation>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BB5B0FFE9FFD8DD45FD83718E4D62" box="[301,412,552,577]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Atheliaceae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Atheliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="titania">
<emphasis id="B93F1221FFE9FFD8DD45FD83718E4D62" box="[301,412,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. titania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ICZN Art. 67.2). This
<typeStatus id="54F07091FFE9FFD8DEA8FD8372E04D61" box="[704,754,552,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
fixation has been accepted as valid by authors including
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DCFFFDFB71574D49" author="Russell, F. S." box="[151,325,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref64047" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 530 pp." type="book" year="1953">Russell (1953)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DD39FDFB71E84D49" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[337,506,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 469" refId="ref59263" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469." type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp (1961)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAB3C2FFE9FFD8DE50FDFB73154D49" author="Schuchert, P." box="[568,775,592,618]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="195 - 396" refId="ref64567" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert (2007)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>