825 lines
75 KiB
XML
825 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.569.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7235182" checkinTime="1666361209055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Štěpánek, Jan & Kirschner, Jan" docDate="2022" docId="03B73C516772FFDFFF78FF3CFA24FD5C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.569.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 569 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.569.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.2:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Taraxacum (sect. Bulgarica) Stepanek & Kirschner 2022, sect. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FF8E44296742FFEDFFF0FFA1FF88FFE7" masterDocTitle="A hotspot of endemism: Oreophytic Taraxacum species (Compositae, Crepidinae) in the mountains of Bulgaria" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1666728798909" updateUser="jonas">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A hotspot of endemism: Oreophytic Taraxacum species (Compositae, Crepidinae) in the mountains of Bulgaria</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Štěpánek, Jan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-4038-1998</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ- 25243 Průhonice 1, Czech Republic. & jan. stepanek @ ibot. cas. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4038 - 1998</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jan.stepanek@ibot.cas.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kirschner, Jan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-6303-713X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ- 25243 Průhonice 1, Czech Republic. & jan. kirschner @ ibot. cas. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6303 - 713 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jan.kirschner@ibot.cas.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-10-20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>569</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>139</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.569.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.569.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7235182</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B73C516772FFDFFF78FF3CFA24FD5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B73C516772FFDFFF78FF3CFA24FD5C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[136,860,157,186]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,157,435]" box="[136,860,157,186]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,164,157,183]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Stepanek & Kirschner" authorityName="Stepanek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[170,740,157,186]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Bulgarica" status="sect. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,483,157,184]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,301,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[368,483,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Štěpánek & Kirschner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[751,860,158,184]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[751,860,158,184]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="section">sect. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[136,658,197,219]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,157,435]" box="[136,658,197,219]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,186,197,218]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[136,186,197,218]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:—
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="van Soest (1976: 179)" authorityName="van Soest" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1976" box="[217,658,197,219]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[217,441,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Taraxacum bulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Soest, J. L." box="[447,658,197,219]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="171 - 190" refId="ref95169" refString="van Soest, J. L. (1976) New Taraxacum-species from Europe V. Proceedings, Koniklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, ser. C, 79: 171 - 190." type="journal article" year="1976">van Soest (1976: 179)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,157,435]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,235,233,254]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
:—Plantae parvulae, rosulis foliorum compactis, plerumque pusillis, terrae arcte adpressis, petiolis eximie latissime alatis, lobis foliorum lateralibus approximatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis vel laxe adpressis, ovatis usque lanceolatis, aequaliter obscure olivaceo-viridibus vel atro-viridibus, saepissime peranguste sed distincte marginatis, plerumque ciliolatis, apice ecorniculatis vel callosis, acheniis coloribus diversis, saepe obscure atro-griseis, saturate griseo-brunneis, brunneis, vel e converso, pallidissimis, pallide griseo-cinnamomeis, eburneis etc., corpore superne minute spinuloso, in pyramidem subconicam vel ± cylindricam sensim vel subabrupte transeunte, rostro crassiusculo vel tenui.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Plants small or almost dwarf, most often glabrous, or very sparsely arachnoid and later glabrescent, with leaf rosettes compact, tightly appressed to the ground (immediately reflexed when cut off). Leaves with petioles extremely broadly winged, interlobes very short and lateral segments approximated, relatively broad at base, surface often with little spots. Capitulum ± small, deep yellow to golden yellow, outer ligules usually flat, inner ones canaliculate, apical teeth yellow, reddish or grey to blackish. Outer phyllaries appressed, sometimes loosely appressed, usually (broadly) ovate to ovate-lanceolate, relatively short, surface usually evenly dark olivaceous-green, most often with an abrupt transition into a narrow, relatively distinct paler border, margin usually minutely ciliate, apex flat. Pollen always present.Achenes of medium size, without prominent longitudinal ridges, usually with numerous short spinules above, most often with a subgradual, less frequently subabrupt transition into a conical, subconical or subcylindrical cone; beak relatively short, most often
|
||
<quantity box="[262,376,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.0">4–6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, pappus white or yellowish white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,484,841,868]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Geography and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
:—The most common natural habitats include low-coverage alpine and subalpine grasslands, often under the influence of grazing or trampling, preferably along brooks and alpine lake shores. Members of this section do not avoid synanthropic alpine sites, such as vicinity of alpine huts and chalets, along tourist tracks, either. They grow on both acidic and alcalic substrates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stepanek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,499,986,1012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Bulgarica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,314,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[387,499,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits a notably high species diversity in the subalpine and alpine belts of the mountain ranges of Rila and Pirin, a few species are found in the Rhodopes, the Stara Planina and the Vitosha. The occurrence of this section is recorded in other high mountain ranges in the neighbourhood of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1206,1302,1058,1084]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1319,1403,1058,1084]" name="Greece" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Richards, A. J." box="[136,308,1094,1120]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="35" refId="ref93283" refString="Richards, A. J. (1991) 35. Taraxacum Wiggers. In: Strid, A. & Tan, K. (Ed.) Mountain flora of Greece, Vol. 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 541 - 572." type="book chapter" year="1991">Richards, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, North
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[392,519,1094,1120]" name="Macedonia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Macedonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as there is a border record on the Belasica Mts.). To the best of our knowledge, we can exclude its distribution in the Carpathians. As an unanswered question remains the occurrence in the Alps but, so far, we do not have any evidence in favour of that idea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,351,1201,1227]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Relationships</emphasis>
|
||
:—Among the dandelions of high mountains of Europe, there is a group frequently reported to occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[238,339,1238,1264]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[351,619,1238,1264]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Alpina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[351,476,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[544,619,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, often referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[862,983,1238,1264]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpinum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[862,983,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. alpinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[992,1054,1238,1264]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" sensu="lato">s. lat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Handel-Mazzetti, H." box="[1070,1328,1238,1264]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref91851" refString="Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1907) Monographie der Gattung Taraxacum. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig & Wien, xi + 175 pp. + 7 plates. [https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / records / item / 10236]" type="book" year="1907">Handel-Mazzetti 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Soest, J. L." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="171 - 190" refId="ref95169" refString="van Soest, J. L. (1976) New Taraxacum-species from Europe V. Proceedings, Koniklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, ser. C, 79: 171 - 190." type="journal article" year="1976">van Soest 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Doll, R." box="[209,328,1274,1300]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="629 - 643" refId="ref91273" refString="Doll, R. (1978) Zur Taraxacum-Flora des Rila-Gebirges. Feddes Repertorium 88 (9 - 10): 629 - 643 + Plates LXXI - LXXV. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19780880904" type="journal article" year="1978">Doll 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are important, critical accounts of
|
||
<emphasis box="[822,843,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[912,987,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
in the Alps (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Soest, J. L." box="[1140,1321,1274,1301]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="77 - 138" refId="ref94892" refString="van Soest, J. L. (1959) Alpine species of Taraxacum. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 8: 77 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1438 - 8677.1959. tb 00013. x" type="journal article" year="1959">van Soest 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Uhlemann, I." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="27 - 53" refId="ref94839" refString="Uhlemann, I. (2011) Notizen zur Taraxacum-Flora Osterreichs und Sudtirols. Neilreichia 6: 27 - 53." type="journal article" year="2011">Uhlemann 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and it is evident that it is a heterogeneous group, mainly because of the uncertain position of its
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1292,1344,1310,1336]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Haglund, G. E." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="231 - 243" refId="ref91769" refString="Haglund, G. E. (1950) Einige Taraxaca aus der Schweiz. Berichte der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 60: 231 - 243." type="journal article" year="1950">Haglund (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, when describing his new section
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[592,667,1346,1372]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Alpina">
|
||
<emphasis box="[592,667,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, obviously intended to include a broad Alpine group of high mountain dandelions in it. However, the only name included in the protologue of the new
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1040,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1102,1177,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
was
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="G. E. Hagl." authorityName="G. E. Hagl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oreophilum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1233,1388,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. oreophilum</emphasis>
|
||
G. E. Hagl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species very marginal to anything included in
|
||
<emphasis box="[743,764,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,902,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
in the later literature. However, we can focus our comparison on the members of
|
||
<emphasis box="[487,508,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[571,646,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
that are generally considered as core taxa of that section in the literature (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1959" box="[201,364,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panalpinum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[201,364,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. panalpinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1959" box="[378,528,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helveticum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[378,528,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. helveticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[543,714,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petiolulatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[543,714,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. petiolulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dahlstedt" authorityYear="1907" box="[729,863,1491,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venustum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[729,863,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. venustum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[incl.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1959" box="[938,1115,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carinthiacum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[938,1115,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. carinthiacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
],
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1140,1289,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vernelense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1140,1289,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. vernelense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1303,1404,1491,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vetteri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1303,1404,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. vetteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In the character pattern of
|
||
<emphasis box="[398,419,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,593,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
, the following features appear to be diagnostic, when compared with the core members of
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,297,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,436,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Leaf rosette compact, with leaves tightly appressed to the ground, petiole enormously broadly winged, lateral leaf segments approximated (interlobes very short), outer phyllaries usually ovate, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, with a narrow whitish border, their margin usually ciliate, achene colour usually deviating from the light greyish stramineousbrown or light greyish olivaceous-brown pattern of other sections, they are often deep grey to dark grey or deep greybrown (seven species), or they have much paler colour, light beige, ivory white, light brownish with an orange hue, light beige with a cinnamon hue (six species with the pale achene colours), or pure brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,245,1814,1840]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Note</emphasis>
|
||
:—There are two species of
|
||
<emphasis box="[564,585,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[650,725,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Alpina</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="van Soest" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1959" box="[739,1041,1814,1840]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mattmarkense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[739,924,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. mattmarkense</emphasis>
|
||
van Soest
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="van Soest (1966: 458)" authorityName="van Soest" authorityPageNumber="458" authorityYear="1966" box="[1096,1447,1814,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="senile">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1096,1189,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T. senile</emphasis>
|
||
van Soest (1966: 458)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, having broadly winged petioles. They differ from
|
||
<emphasis box="[696,717,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[781,893,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
in their robust growth with erect-patent leaves, in comparatively longer outer phyllaries and thicker achenes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1452,482,2092]" lastBlockId="49.[136,1452,158,761]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Another section to be compared with
|
||
<emphasis box="[627,648,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[717,829,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
is
|
||
<emphasis box="[867,888,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[957,1052,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pachera</emphasis>
|
||
van Soest, obviously a part of the broadly understood
|
||
<emphasis box="[363,385,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[452,533,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Arctica</emphasis>
|
||
. The latter has patent to erect-patent leaves, not tightly appressed to the ground, medium broadly winged petioles, much narrower than leaf blade, and black-green, narrowly lanceolate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate acuminate outer phyllaries, without visible border. It has orange-coloured ligules or their distal parts, and its achenes are light greyish olivaceous-brown or light greyish stramineous-brown, very sparsely tuberculate or sparsely minutely spinulose above, with a very gradual transition into a ± conical to subconical cone; its beak is slightly thickened, not longer than the achene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Dahlstedt, H." box="[189,693,230,257]" page=")" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" year="1921">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Dahlstedt (1921: 37)" authorityName="Dahlstedt" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1921" box="[189,693,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Arctica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,314,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[376,457,231,257]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Arctica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dahlstedt, H." box="[464,693,230,256]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref91022" refString="Dahlstedt, H. (1921) De svenska arterna av slaktet Taraxacum. I. Erythrosperma, II. Obliqua. Acta Florae Sueciae 1: 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1921">Dahlstedt (1921: 37)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
is one of the groups close to our
|
||
<emphasis box="[1054,1075,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1137,1249,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
. There are several substantial diagnostic features of
|
||
<emphasis box="[511,532,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[597,678,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Arctica</emphasis>
|
||
compared with
|
||
<emphasis box="[859,881,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[945,1057,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
, primarily the narrow petioles, and outer phyllaries few, of broader shapes (most often broadly ovate to ovate), often with apex corniculate.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,298,338,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diversity</emphasis>
|
||
:—In
|
||
<emphasis box="[365,386,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[451,563,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
, we recognize 18 species, one already described (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1976" box="[1126,1283,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1126,1283,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. bulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and 17 newly discerned. Most of the members of
|
||
<emphasis box="[540,561,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[627,739,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
are morphologically allied to the only sexual representative of this section,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1976" box="[276,432,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,432,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. bulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[448,540,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[448,540,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. ferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[553,675,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auricula">
|
||
<emphasis box="[553,675,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. auricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[689,839,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humifusum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[689,839,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. humifusum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[852,1002,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vitellicolor">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,1002,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. vitellicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1015,1130,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oreades">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1015,1130,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. oreades</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1144,1265,411,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="terrestre">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1144,1265,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. terrestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1278,1417,411,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atomatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1278,1417,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. atomatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tephroleucum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. tephroleucum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[303,539,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudobulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[303,539,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. pseudobulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[554,665,447,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saevum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[554,665,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. saevum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[679,800,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="musalae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[679,800,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. musalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[855,1040,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanospilum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[855,1040,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. melanospilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), altogether 13 species that
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1355,1451,446,472]" form="the" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="form">form the</taxonomicName>
|
||
core of
|
||
<emphasis box="[221,243,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[306,418,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
. It might be mentioned that artficial hybrids between
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1976" box="[1021,1177,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1021,1177,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. bulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a sexual member of
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,157,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stepanek & Kirschner" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[219,344,519,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[219,344,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[357,578,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="linearisquameum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[357,578,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. linearisquameum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have a general appearance similar to that of the members of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1256,1277,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1339,1451,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
(J. Štěpánek, unpublished), which might help in formulating hypotheses about their origin.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1169,1393,555,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1169,1393,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Taraxacum circense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and partly also
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[262,443,590,616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tephroleucum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[262,443,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. tephroleucum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[499,621,591,616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="terrestre">
|
||
<emphasis box="[499,621,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. terrestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may be intermediate between
|
||
<emphasis box="[978,999,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1064,1176,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1232,1253,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1326,1407,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Crocea</emphasis>
|
||
but much closer to the former. A rather enigmatic group of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[758,895,627,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pirinicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[758,895,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. pirinicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[909,1079,626,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leopardinum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[909,1079,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. leopardinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1134,1262,626,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abnorme">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1134,1262,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. abnorme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is referable to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1431,1452,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[193,305,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
only marginally.Another name to be considered is
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Candolle (1838: 149" authorityName="Candolle" authorityYear="1838" box="[873,1260,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bithynicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[873,1023,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. bithynicum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Candolle, A. P. de" box="[1029,1260,662,688]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref90782" refString="Candolle, A. P. de (1838) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, vol. 7 (1). Treuttel & Wurtz, Parisiis, 330 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 7156 page / 5 / mode / 1 up]" type="book" year="1838">Candolle (1838: 149</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gurdal, B. & Stepanek, J. & Zeisek, V. & Kirschner, J. & Ozhatay, N." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="197 - 210" refId="ref91672" refString="Gurdal, B., Stepanek, J., Zeisek, V., Kirschner, J. & Ozhatay, N. (2018) What is and what is not Taraxacum bithynicum (Compositae, Crepidinae). Phytotaxa 373 (3): 197 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 373.3.3" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Gürdal
|
||
<emphasis box="[1396,1445,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and a very questionable position, as regards the relationships with
|
||
<emphasis box="[965,986,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1051,1163,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bulgarica</emphasis>
|
||
, is occupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="van Soest (1976: 187)" authorityName="van Soest" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="1976" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nudum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1347,1451,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. nudum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Soest, J. L." box="[136,386,734,761]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="171 - 190" refId="ref95169" refString="van Soest, J. L. (1976) New Taraxacum-species from Europe V. Proceedings, Koniklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, ser. C, 79: 171 - 190." type="journal article" year="1976">van Soest (1976: 187)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[136,1000,842,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1000,842,869]" box="[136,1000,842,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<heading box="[136,1000,842,869]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,695,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,323,842,869]" class="Coriobacteriia" family="Coriobacteriaceae" genus="An" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Coriobacteriales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Actinobacteriota" rank="species" species="identification">An identification</taxonomicName>
|
||
key to the Bulgarian members of
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stepanek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[702,1000,842,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Bulgarica">
|
||
Taraxacum
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,884,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">sect.</emphasis>
|
||
Bulgarica
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="key">
|
||
<key lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,910,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,910,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
1 Pollen grains regular, of ± uniform size ............................................................................................... 11.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="van Soest" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1976" box="[1213,1451,910,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulgaricum">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1213,1352,910,932]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. bulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
van Soest
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,939,961]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,939,961]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">– Pollen grains irregular, of conspicuously variable size .................................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
2 Outer phyllaries unbordered, at least some erect-patent and patent, 18–23, leaves not spotted; beak usually
|
||
<quantity box="[1237,1334,968,990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="8.25" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="7.0">7–9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long .......... ................................................................................................................................................................. 14.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1227,1367,997,1019]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humifusum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1227,1367,997,1019]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. humifusum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,998,1019]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,998,1019]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries variously, usually narrowly and distinctly bordered, all appressed to loosely appressed, 9–17, if 18–20, or if some outer phyllaries arcuate, then leaves distinctly spotted, or beak shorter than
|
||
<quantity box="[935,990,1055,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
........................................................................ 3
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,1083,1105]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,1083,1105]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">3 Stigmas yellow ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,1112,1134]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,1112,1134]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">– Stigmas light discoloured to dark discoloured ................................................................................................................................. 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
4 Achenes light pure brown or medium deep grey-brown; leaves appressed to the ground, shallowly pinnatilobed or undivided; cone 1.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[255,326,1170,1191]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ........................................................................................................................................... 13.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1258,1366,1169,1191]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auricula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1258,1366,1169,1191]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. auricula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1170,1191]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Achenes light stramineous to light stramineous-brown; leaves erect-patent to prostrate, deeply irregularly pinnatisect; cone to
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ....................................................................................................................................................... 27.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1257,1369,1227,1249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abnorme" status="sp. nov">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1257,1369,1227,1249]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. abnorme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1381,1451,1228,1249]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
5 Achenes ivory white or slightly, pale greyish white; leaves adaxially with sparse brownish hairs along mid-vein ........................... .............................................................................................................................................................. 19.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1205,1366,1285,1307]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tephroleucum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1205,1366,1285,1307]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. tephroleucum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1286,1307]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1286,1307]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">– Achenes either much darker, deep grey, brown-grey or brown, or light beige, light stramineous-brown or light greyish brown; leaves adaxially glabrous or with sparse hyaline or whitish arachnoid hairs ................................................................................... 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
6 Achenes of generally dark colours, deep grey or deep brown-grey or medium dark brown-grey, or medium dark pure brown or dark castaneous-brown, achenes medium thick, usually
|
||
<quantity box="[698,813,1400,1422]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; leaves spotted .................................................................... 7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Achenes of generally light colours, variously light beige, light stramineous, light beige-brown, if light pure grey or light greybrown, then achenes slender,
|
||
<quantity box="[494,609,1458,1479]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick; leaves spotted or unspotted ............................................................................... 11
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
7 Outer phyllaries with a narrow border
|
||
<quantity box="[568,681,1487,1508]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; outer phyllaries 10–15; achene body gradually, subgradually or subabruptly narrowing into the cone .................................................................................................................................................................... 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries with a medium broad border
|
||
<quantity box="[667,785,1544,1566]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; outer phyllaries 15–20; achene body abruptly or subabruptly narrowing into the cone .................................................................................................................................................................. 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,1602,1624]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,1602,1624]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
8 Achenes medium dark grey-brown; leaves appressed to the ground; outer phyllaries
|
||
<quantity box="[1021,1100,1602,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long .............................................. 9
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Achenes medium dark pure brown or dark castaneous-brown; leaves usually erect-patent; outer phyllaries
|
||
<quantity box="[1232,1311,1630,1652]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ............. .................................................................................................................................................................... 28.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1245,1366,1659,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pirinicum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1245,1366,1659,1681]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. pirinicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1660,1681]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1660,1681]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
9 Outer phyllaries loosely appressed; stigmas light discoloured; beak slightly thickened,
|
||
<quantity box="[1043,1158,1688,1710]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ....................................... .......................................................................................................................................................20.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1158,1366,1717,1739]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudobulgaricum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1158,1366,1717,1739]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. pseudobulgaricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1718,1739]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1718,1739]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1452,1745,1768]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1452,1745,1768]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries tightly appressed; stigmas dark discoloured; beak thin,
|
||
<quantity box="[901,1016,1746,1768]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ................ 22.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1213,1366,1745,1767]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chionogeiton" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1213,1366,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. chionogeiton</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1746,1767]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
10 Outer phyllaries usually
|
||
<quantity box="[449,547,1774,1796]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, ovate to ovate lanceolate; beak usually
|
||
<quantity box="[994,1092,1774,1796]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="7.0">7–8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, slightly thickened; leaves deep mid-green, sparsely spotted ................................................................................................................ 24.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1202,1366,1803,1825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melanospilum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1202,1366,1803,1825]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. melanospilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1804,1825]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1804,1825]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries usually
|
||
<quantity box="[451,532,1832,1854]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; beak usually
|
||
<quantity box="[1051,1131,1832,1854]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, not thickened; leaves light green or yellowish green, conspicuously, densely spotted ........................................................................... 23.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1259,1367,1861,1883]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="musalae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1259,1367,1861,1883]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. musalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1862,1883]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,1890,1912]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,1890,1912]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">11 Leaves variously erect-patent to patent, not prostrate, nor appressed to the ground; .................................................................... 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" box="[136,1451,1919,1941]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,1919,1941]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">– Leaves appressed to the ground or prostrate .................................................................................................................................. 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
12 Achenes slender, 0.9–1.0 mm thick; leaves inconspicuously and sparsely spotted; outer phyllaries with a narrow membranous border
|
||
<quantity box="[279,394,1976,1998]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide ............................................................................................................................... 25.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1261,1366,1976,1998]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1261,1366,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. circense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,1977,1998]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,1977,1998]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,1452,910,2085]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
– Achenes thick,
|
||
<quantity box="[361,477,2005,2026]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; leaves conspicuously and densely spotted; outer phyllaries broadly bordered, with contrasting colours of the dark middle part and pale greenish to whitish, ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[828,901,2034,2056]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide zone bordered irregular membranous,
|
||
<quantity box="[1327,1424,2034,2055]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.0">0–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
... ............................................................................................................................................................... 26.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1215,1367,2062,2084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leopardinum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1215,1367,2062,2084]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">T. leopardinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,2063,2084]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,2063,2084]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
13 Outer phyllaries with contrasting colours of a dark middle strip with a gradual transition in pale greenish zone to ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[1326,1398,159,181]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and then to a membranous border
|
||
<quantity box="[539,654,188,209]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; outer phyllaries short,
|
||
<quantity box="[935,1050,188,210]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, appressed ....................................... ................................................................................................................................................................... 15.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1237,1366,216,238]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vitellicolor" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1237,1366,216,238]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. vitellicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,217,238]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,217,238]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries ± evenly dark coloured, with an abrupt or ± gradual transition into a narrow pale or membranous border
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.05">0.05–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; when the border to ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[533,606,274,296]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and outer phyllaries
|
||
<quantity box="[862,941,274,296]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, at least some phyllaries arcuate .................. 14
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">14 Achenes light beige, light greyish beige, light beige-brown, light greyish ochraceous, generally very light coloured ................. 15</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">– Achenes light brown to slightly greyish light brown, or pure light grey or light brownish grey, with grey dominating the achene colour .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
15 Outer phyllaries mostly loosely appressed, some arcuate; outer phyllaries short,
|
||
<quantity box="[978,1057,389,411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, narrow,
|
||
<quantity box="[1195,1310,389,411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; achenes
|
||
<quantity box="[211,326,418,440]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8499999999999996" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="3.8499999999999996" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; leaves light green, not spotted .......................................................................................... 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1267,1367,419,440]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saevum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1267,1367,419,440]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. saevum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,419,440]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,419,440]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
– Outer phyllaries appressed or loosely appressed, never arcuate; outer phyllaries longer,
|
||
<quantity box="[1066,1164,447,469]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, broader, (2.2–)
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; achenes (3.9–)
|
||
<quantity box="[459,574,476,498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; leaves dark green to deep green, sparsely, conspicuously or inconspicuously spotted ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
16 Petiole pale at base, ± purple distally; leaves sparsely but conspicuously spotted; beak
|
||
<quantity box="[1041,1156,533,555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ....................................... .................................................................................................................................................................... 18.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1242,1366,563,584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atomatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1242,1366,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. atomatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,563,584]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
– Petiole entirely light greenish; leaves sparsely indistinctly spotted; beak
|
||
<quantity box="[905,1020,591,613]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ........................... 12.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1285,1369,591,613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferum" status="sp. nov">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1285,1369,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. ferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1381,1451,592,613]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" box="[136,1452,619,642]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead box="[136,1452,619,642]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
17 Achenes
|
||
<quantity box="[299,414,620,641]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, light brown to slightly greyish light brown; lateral segments generally patent 16.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1266,1367,619,641]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oreades" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1266,1367,619,641]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. oreades</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,621,642]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[136,1452,159,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
– Achenes
|
||
<quantity box="[299,414,649,670]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, light pure grey to slightly brownish light grey; lateral segments generally hamate-recurved ............... ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1259,1367,678,699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="terrestre" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1259,1367,678,699]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T. terrestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1379,1452,678,699]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1379,1452,678,699]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |