172 lines
21 KiB
XML
172 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="FC9486C7DC7F0A83DBFAB5D7C0305AF2" ID-CLB-Dataset="22581" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4767.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cab7562c-80d6-4c50-be4c-1818403c0c4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770819" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6A6A15AA-9B6D-4168-8857-29E183D965B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588014284861" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Vacelet, Jean" docDate="2020" docId="0390B8069823FB54FF10FC73FD66FC02" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4767.2.3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4767 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Abyssocladia bruuni Levi 1964" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="FFA9C07E9821FB50FF87FB54FFFAFFA5" masterDocTitle="Carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from the deep South Pacific (New Caledonia) with the description of three new species of the genus Abyssocladia and remarks on genus Cercicladia" masterLastPageNumber="276" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="259" updateTime="1698837364441" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6976FCCBA0D9FCB92FAFE46C71C9CB95">Carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from the deep South Pacific (New Caledonia) with the description of three new species of the genus Abyssocladia and remarks on genus Cercicladia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="91C001AF7FC348A24AC58FEF721FEB83">Vacelet, Jean</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F6A70406A4CB2D2DC7B2D7C7BD1DA5D2">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6DCAD52F7DD2189BAA33F14AA659924E">2020-04-24</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0390B8069823FB54FF10FC73FD66FC02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798808" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163812694" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390B8069823FB54FF10FC73FD66FC02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0390B8069823FB54FF10FC73FD66FC02" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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<subSubSection id="C3235A9B9823FB52FF10FC73FDE2F8E7" box="[151,536,1831,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8609109823FB52FF10FC73FDE2F8E7" blockId="2.[151,536,1831,1894]" box="[151,536,1831,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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<heading id="D0CEBE7C9823FB52FF10FC73FDE2F8E7" bold="true" box="[151,536,1831,1858]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3972939823FB52FF10FC73FDE2F8E7" ID-CoL="8NGZ" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,536,1831,1858]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Abyssocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bruuni">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029823FB52FF10FC73FDE2F8E7" bold="true" box="[151,536,1831,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029823FB52FF10FC73FE6AF8E7" bold="true" box="[151,400,1831,1858]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Abyssocladia bruuni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA874E19823FB52FE10FC73FDE2F8E7" author="Levi, C." box="[407,536,1831,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref10500" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. Galathea Report, 7, 63 - 112." type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3235A9B9823FB52FF10FC18FF1FF8C3" box="[151,229,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8609109823FB52FF10FC18FF1FF8C3" blockId="2.[151,536,1831,1894]" box="[151,229,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130215959823FB52FF18FC18FF26F8C3" box="[159,220,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Abyssocladia bruuni Lévi, 1964. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3235A9B9823FB52FF10FCC7FF1DF874" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8609109823FB52FF10FCC7FF1DF874" blockId="2.[151,1436,1939,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DD5029823FB52FF10FCC7FE7BF80B" bold="true" box="[151,385,1939,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B51034D9823FB52FE0FFCC0FF1DF874" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609008331" collectingDate="1952-02-23" collectionCode="MNHN" elevation="5360" latitude="-36.116665" location="Galathea, St." longLatPrecision="1189" longitude="-178.53334" municipality="Kermadec" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" specimenCode="DEM-241" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="5482B7B29823FB52FE0FFCC0FE0AF80B" box="[392,496,1940,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="DB9FA16B9823FB52FE7FFCC0FD96F80B" box="[504,620,1940,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">DEM-241</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED2891D59823FB52FDFFFCC0FD2AF80B" box="[632,720,1940,1966]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">MNHN</collectionCode>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D6FD79823FB52FD5BFCC7FCC2F808" box="[732,824,1939,1965]" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" precision="925" value="-36.116665">36°07’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D6FD79823FB52FCB8FCC0FC4EF80B" box="[831,948,1940,1966]" degrees="178" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" precision="925" value="-178.53334">178°32’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59823FB52FC47FCC7FBE2F80B" box="[960,1048,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="5360.0">5360 m</quantity>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2936A9823FB52FBA3FCC0FB61F80B" box="[1060,1179,1940,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Kermadec</collectingMunicipality>
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.
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<date id="FF872FD09823FB52FB22FCC7FADCF80B" box="[1189,1318,1939,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" value="1952-02-23">
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<collectingDate id="EFC3D6389823FB52FB22FCC7FADCF80B" box="[1189,1318,1939,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" value="1952-02-23">23.02.1952</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<location id="8EE65FCB9823FB52FAB5FCC0FF4CF877" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390B8069823FB54FF10FC73FD66FC02:8EE65FCB9823FB52FAB5FCC0FF4CF877" latitude="-36.116665" longLatPrecision="1189" longitude="-178.53334" municipality="Kermadec" name="Galathea, St." pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Galathea, St.</location>
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661
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3235A9B9823FB54FF40FC8FFA66FE2E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8609109823FB52FF40FC8FFA66F853" blockId="2.[151,1436,1939,2038]" box="[199,1436,2011,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029823FB52FF40FC8FFEABF853" bold="true" box="[199,337,2011,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="5482B7B29823FB52FED8FC88FE3DF853" box="[351,455,2012,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="130215959823FB52FE52FC88FDDCF853" box="[469,550,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Abyssocladia bruuni Lévi, 1964. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Fig 2A</figureCitation>
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) a small umbrella-shaped, dry sponge, composed of a broken stalk,
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59823FB52FA90FC88FA9FF853" box="[1303,1381,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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long
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8609109822FB53FF10FBCDFC70FEBA" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
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and
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59822FB53FF40FBCDFEB5FF16" box="[199,335,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, enlarged at the top, and with a conical cap,
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59822FB53FC4AFBCCFBDEFF16" box="[973,1060,152,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, made of spicule fascicles inclined toward the base. Color is clear brown for the stalk, whitish for the body. The stalk is made of densely packed mycalostyles and the cap is made of radiating fascicles of mycalostyles. State of preservation: dry specimen, with numerous small debris and loose megascleres in the container.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF4659989822FB53FF10FCE6FCEAF84A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" startId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" targetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8B8609109822FB53FF10FCE6FCEAF84A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1970,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029822FB53FF10FCE6FEF7F86E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1970,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3972939822FB53FE9EFCE6FD98F86E" authority="Levi, 1964" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[281,610,1970,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Abyssocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bruuni">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029822FB53FE9EFCE6FE11F86F" box="[281,491,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Abyssocladia bruuni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA874E19822FB53FE76FCE6FD98F86E" author="Levi, C." box="[497,610,1970,1995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" pagination="63 - 112" refId="ref10500" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. Galathea Report, 7, 63 - 112." type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40FBCCFD3AFF5E" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B94DD5029825FB54FF40FBCCFED3FF16" bold="true" box="[199,297,152,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Spicules</emphasis>
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||
. Styles (
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||
<figureCitation id="130215959825FB54FE0FFBCDFDF9FF16" box="[392,515,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Abyssocladia bruuni Lévi, 1964. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Figs 2B, C</figureCitation>
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), straight, slightly fusiform, with a very slight swelling near the head, weakly polytylote along the shaft, with a short, sharp point. 1200–1700 x
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59825FB54FCC8FBE9FC39FF72" box="[847,963,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="28.0">28–32 µm</quantity>
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in the debris presumably mostly from the cap, up to 2500 x
|
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59825FB54FEE7FBB5FE53FF5E" box="[352,425,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
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in the stalk near the cap.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40FA51FD79FEC2" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
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Abyssochelae (
|
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<figureCitation id="130215959825FB54FEF5FA51FE3EFEBA" box="[370,452,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Abyssocladia bruuni Lévi, 1964. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig 2D</figureCitation>
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||
) have a curved shaft
|
||
<quantity id="4CC1A4F59825FB54FD3FFA51FD0EFEBA" box="[696,756,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 µm</quantity>
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||
thick. Frontal teeth nearly in contact, always with a median longitudinal depression on the middle portion near the base. Lateral alae also nearly in contact with the opposing ones, wound at the end. 60–75 x
|
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59825FB54FD8EFA19FD85FEC2" box="[521,639,333,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="30.0">30–32 µm</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40FA25FA66FE2E" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" box="[199,1436,368,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
Sigmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130215959825FB54FEAFFA25FE82FE2E" box="[296,376,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1970,1995]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[171,1416,309,1944]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Abyssocladia bruuni Lévi, 1964. Holotype. A—Side view and view from underneath. B—Style. C—Head and tip of a style. D—Abyssochelae, front and side views. E—Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770823/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Fig 2E</figureCitation>
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||
), very numerous, with two equal ends in the same plane, relatively thick. 30–32 x
|
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<quantity id="4CC1A4F59825FB54FA93FA24FA62FE2E" box="[1300,1432,368,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 µm</quantity>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3235A9B9825FB54FF40FAC1FD66FC02" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40FAC1FC29FD9A" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD5029825FB54FF40FAC1FECEFE0A" bold="true" box="[199,308,405,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. In order to preserve the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482B7B29825FB54FDCDFAC1FD55FE0A" box="[586,687,405,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which is dry and highly fragile, the spicule slides were made using the small fragments and isolated spicules that were loose in the container, as well as a small piece of the stalk near the head. The arrangement of the chelae was not observed, but they are presumably arranged along the stalk and the radiating fascicles of the cap, as in the other species of the genus with a pedunculated, disciform shape. The styles from the stalk are slightly larger than indicated in the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40F91DFC3EFD6A" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
The species is remarkable for its umbrella-like shape, for the poor diversity in microscleres and for the presence of a median depression in the frontal teeth of the abyssochelae. The presence of true sigmas rather than sigmancistras is also distinctive; these sigmas were presumed to be sigmancistras by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA874E19825FB54FC5FF9C5FB87FD09" author="Vacelet, J." box="[984,1149,657,684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" pagination="553 - 584" refId="ref11019" refString="Vacelet, J. (2006) New carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Poecilosclerida) collected from manned submersibles in the deep. Pacific. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 148, 553 - 584. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2006.00234. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Vacelet (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, according to the description of Lévi, but the SEM pictures confirm that they are actually sigmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40F98DFE2EFCFA" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
This species was recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA874E19825FB54FD9CF98DFD4AFD56" author="Koltun, V. M." box="[539,688,729,755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" pagination="165 - 221" refId="ref10333" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1970) Sponge fauna of the northwestern Pacific, from the shallows to the hadal depths. In: Bogorov, V. G. (Ed.), Fauna of the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench and its environment. Institute of Oceanology of the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R., 86 Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii in P. P. Shishov and Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskwa, pp. 165 - 221." type="book chapter" year="1970">Koltun, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Bougainville Trench. According to Koltun’s description and drawings, the specimen in fact differs in shape, as it is not umbrella-like but has an ovoid body, smaller microscleres, chelae that are more diverse in size and teeth and alae that are not very close as in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482B7B29825FB54FBD9F875FB3EFC9E" box="[1118,1220,801,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. This identification is thus regarded as doubtful.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8609109825FB54FF40F83DFD66FC02" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
As is typical in several other species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DD5029825FB54FD0EF83DFCDFFC26" box="[649,805,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3972939825FB54FD0EF83DFCDBFC26" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1964" box="[649,801,873,899]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Abyssocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Abyssocladia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
this species may have thick strongyles or substrongyles in its attachment base, which is not preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |