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<mods:title id="3F3F73F3F69B6590293BD57AE23BDC42">Comparative morphology of female gonapophyses IX in Delphacidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha) with key to tribes</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087C3FFD6FFB51388B150A463015C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5943483" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154366413" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5943483" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087C3FFD6FFB51388B150A463015C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087C3FFD6FFB51388B150A463015C" lastPageNumber="148" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">
<subSubSection id="C323655EFFD6FFB51388B150A1DB0349" box="[151,507,286,312]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFD6FFB51388B150A1DB0349" blockId="11.[151,507,286,312]" box="[151,507,286,312]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">
<heading id="D0CE81B9FFD6FFB51388B150A1DB0349" bold="true" box="[151,507,286,312]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51388B150A1DB0349" bold="true" box="[151,507,286,312]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB513FDB150A1DB0349" authority="Motschulsky" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1863" box="[226,507,286,312]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Asiracini">Asiracini Motschulsky</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C323655EFFD6FFB51388B12DA463015C" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFD6FFB51388B12DA1200041" blockId="11.[151,1437,355,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51388B12DA109030D" bold="true" box="[151,297,355,380]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Description.</emphasis>
Gonapophyses IX slightly curvilinear to linear, average length 1971.50 µm, width 34.55 µm; apical third ventrally concave bearing 2958 minute, rounded teeth (more numerous on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB5173BB1C6A4DE03D1" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[1060,1278,391,416]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Asiraca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavicornis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB5173BB1C6A4DE03D1" box="[1060,1278,391,416]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Asiraca clavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Apical third carinated; apex porrect, bluntly rounded; minute teeth on ventral side of apex; ventral membranous sheath on distal third; lateral surface of apex with slight indentation; and lateral-medial region of apex with five to eight pits (
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFD6FFB51675B181A0FD007D" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,221,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[157,1432,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of gonapophysis IX (apex of gonapophysis in inset) for Asiracinae A) Asiraca clavicornis; B) Copicerus irroratus; C) Ugyops sp.; and D) Ugyops kellersi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588819/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Figs 6A, B</figureCitation>
). Gonapophyses with diagonal surface sculpturing along ventral-lateral surface. Short membranous sheaths ventrally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFD6FFB513D8B272A463015C" blockId="11.[151,1437,355,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB513D8B272A1310025" bold="true" box="[199,273,572,596]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51208B272A15E0024" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1863" box="[279,382,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Asiracini">Asiracini</taxonomicName>
includes 16 species in six genera (including the inadequately studied, and probably misplaced, Australian genera
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB5126EB211A25D0009" authority="Donaldson" authorityName="Donaldson" authorityYear="1988" box="[369,637,607,632]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Kiambrama" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB5126EB211A1D70009" box="[369,503,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Kiambrama</emphasis>
Donaldson
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB511DFB211A3F80009" authority="Donaldson" authorityName="Donaldson" authorityYear="1988" box="[704,984,607,632]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Notuchoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB511DFB211A36C0009" box="[704,844,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Notuchoides</emphasis>
Donaldson
</taxonomicName>
). The species in this tribe are widely distributed in both hemispheres, but tend to be sparse in occurrence, with host associations poorly documented. Anecdotal evidence suggests
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB512FBB2E6A2A100B1" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[484,641,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Asiraca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavicornis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB512FBB2E6A2A100B1" box="[484,641,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">A. clavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is polyphagous on dicots (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFD6FFB510AEB2E9A4A600B1" author="Wilson, S. W. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R." box="[945,1158,679,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" pagination="7 - 45" refId="ref15738" refString="Wilson, S. W., Mitter, C., Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R. (1994) Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: Denno, R. F. &amp; Perfect, T. J. (Eds.), Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 7 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 2395 - 6 _ 2" type="book chapter" year="1994">
Wilson
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51715B2E7A46400B1" box="[1034,1092,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
, Nickel 2003,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFD6FFB51633B2E9A1330095" author="Holzinger, W. E. &amp; Kammerlander, I. &amp; Nickel, H." pageId="11" pageNumber="148" refId="ref13702" refString="Holzinger, W. E., Kammerlander, I. &amp; Nickel, H. (2003) Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha excluding Cicadellidae. Volume 1. The Auchenorrhyncha of Central Europe. Brill Academic Publishing, Leiden, Netherlands, xv + 673 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Holzinger
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51388B283A0E90094" box="[151,201,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51247B282A2440095" authority="(Kato)" authorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[344,612,716,741]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Asiraca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulipennis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51247B282A2340094" box="[344,532,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">A. granulipennis</emphasis>
(Kato)
</taxonomicName>
has been collected on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51079B282A3F30092" box="[870,979,716,739]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51079B282A3F30092" box="[870,979,716,739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Artemisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and weedy grassland vegetation (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFD6FFB5164DB282A0F20179" author="Liang, A. - P." pageId="11" pageNumber="148" pagination="187 - 196" refId="ref14043" refString="Liang, A. - P. (1998) On the Eurasian planthopper genus Asiraca Latreille (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae. Reichenbachia, 32, 187 - 196." type="journal article" year="1998">Liang, 1998</bibRefCitation>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51253B2BEA20B0179" authorityName="Swartz" authorityYear="1802" box="[332,555,752,776]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Copicerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irroratus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51253B2BEA20B0179" box="[332,555,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Copicerus irroratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is presumed polyphagous, reported on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB510F2B2A1A5390179" authority="(Jacq.) Sw." authorityName="Sw." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[1005,1305,751,776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Sechium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edule">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB510F2B2A1A4B20179" box="[1005,1170,751,776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Sechium edule</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Sw.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51639B2BEA54C0176" authorityName="Nuttall" authorityYear="1818" box="[1318,1388,752,775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51639B2BEA54C0176" box="[1318,1388,752,775]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Carya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Junglandaceae,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB51257B35BA1F7015D" baseAuthorityName="Heong &amp; Hardy" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[328,471,789,812]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Oryza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB51257B35BA1F7015D" box="[328,471,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Oryza sativa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFD6FFB5112CB35BA240015D" box="[563,608,789,812]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB5112CB35BA240015D" box="[563,608,789,812]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">Poa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFD6FFB5118AB35AA348015D" author="Wilson, S. W. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R." box="[661,872,788,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" pagination="7 - 45" refId="ref15738" refString="Wilson, S. W., Mitter, C., Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R. (1994) Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: Denno, R. F. &amp; Perfect, T. J. (Eds.), Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 7 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 2395 - 6 _ 2" type="book chapter" year="1994">
Wilson
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB511F1B35BA306015C" box="[750,806,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFD6FFB5106CB35AA417015C" author="Llano, C. A. &amp; Bartlett, C. R. &amp; Guevara, G." box="[883,1079,788,813]" pageId="11" pageNumber="148" pagination="120 - 122" refId="ref14196" refString="Llano, C. A., Bartlett, C. R. &amp; Guevara, G. 2016. First record of the subfamily Asiracinae and Copicerus irroratus (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae) in Colombia. Florida Entomologist, 99 (1), 120 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1653 / 024.099.0123" type="journal article" year="2016">
Llano
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFD6FFB510A4B35BA3D4015C" box="[955,1012,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="148">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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