167 lines
20 KiB
XML
167 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="30DE74AD71DF8B19000BACCE5A1A070F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3639.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262629" ID-ZooBank="32584FBD-212B-4042-BCEF-04C698D71117" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629852224371" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="KUZMIN, YURIY" docDate="2013" docId="039087A9FF9DFFA609F0FE53ABC7CF3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03639p076.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3639 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3639.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhabdias sphaerocephala Goodey 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFA9FFD1FFAFFF950967FFC7AF45CA69" masterDocTitle="Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1699121570991" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4EBFD67CB91320B896257E8FB720E9C3">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5954CB3A8BEE7D4C100E5B6063848BE0">KUZMIN, YURIY</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="96DC66394D0BC0D9FAD48C7B29948E7E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="280BEFFFBF8DD80DA593A9ED47E935F8">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="656DEAF860C42B0A8BE43AF538ED5452">2013-04-16</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039087A9FF9DFFA609F0FE53ABC7CF3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262537" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FF9DFFA609F0FE53ABC7CF3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A9FF9DFFA609F0FE53ABC7CF3D" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF9DFFA709F0FE53AD38CBC4" box="[151,637,403,430]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9DFFA709F0FE53AD38CBC4" blockId="50.[151,637,403,462]" box="[151,637,403,430]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D0CE81D3FF9DFFA709F0FE53AD38CBC4" bold="true" box="[151,637,403,430]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9DFFA709F0FE53AD38CBC4" ID-CoL="9B3BP" authority="Goodey, 1924" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,637,403,430]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sphaerocephala">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9DFFA709F0FE53AD38CBC4" bold="true" box="[151,637,403,430]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9DFFA709F0FE53AE8BCBC7" bold="true" box="[151,462,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Rhabdias sphaerocephala</emphasis>
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Goodey, 1924
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF9DFFA609F0FE71ABC7CF3D" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9DFFA709F0FE71AFBCCBA7" blockId="50.[151,637,403,462]" box="[151,249,438,462]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13022A3AFF9DFFA709F8FE71AFB4CBA7" box="[159,241,438,462]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[162,1420,521,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-127@50.[151,1436,493,1986]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 27. R. sphaerocephala. A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, apical view; C—head end of subgravid specimen, lateral view; D—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, D—0.2 mm; B, C—0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262685/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF466637FF9DFFA709F0F86CAB06CD8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262685/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[151,250,1963,1986]" targetBox="[162,1420,521,1931]" targetPageId="50">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9DFFA709F0F86CAB06CD8C" blockId="50.[151,1436,1963,2021]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9DFFA709F0F86CAE65CDAB" bold="true" box="[151,288,1963,1986]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9DFFA70841F86AAEA6CDAB" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1924" box="[294,483,1964,1986]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sphaerocephala">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9DFFA70841F86AAEA6CDAB" box="[294,483,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">R. sphaerocephala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, apical view; C—head end of subgravid specimen, lateral view; D—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, D—0.2 mm; B, C—0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609F0FF5FADF4CAC6" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" box="[151,689,151,176]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Host:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA609BCFF5FAE0DCAD9" authority="bufo" box="[219,328,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufo">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9CFFA609BCFF5FAE0DCAD9" box="[219,328,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Bufo bufo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA60830FF50AE88CAC6" box="[343,461,151,175]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Amphibia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA608B0FF50AD64CAC6" box="[471,545,151,175]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Anura</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA60B4BFF50ADE3CAC6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[556,678,151,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bufonidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FF7BAE00CABD" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" box="[199,325,188,212]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Site: lungs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FF18AD07CA9E" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" box="[199,578,223,247]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution: Western Palaearctic.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FEC3AC0BC8CE" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Description. Adult hermaphrodites. Head end spherical, tail end tapered. Body length 8.87 (6.37–12.35) mm, maximum width 354 (284–448). Body cuticle swollen, with irregular folds. Spherical swelling of cuticle present on head end. This anterior swelling sufficiently wider and distinctly separated from the rest of body cuticle. Oral opening round. Six lips prominent, lateral lips situated farther from oral opening than submedian ones. Vestibulum reduced. Buccal capsule cup-like, 14 (10–16) deep and 21 (14–24) wide. Oesophagus with prominent dilation at middle of muscular part. Oesophagus length 689 (622–755) (8.1 [5.4–10.7] % of body length). Oesophagus width: 62 (54–70) at anterior end, 80 (64–90) at middle of muscular part, 68 (60–84) at middle of glandular part; bulb 113 (90–134) wide. Nerve ring at 198 (174–216) from anterior end of oesophagus (28.8 [25.3–33.3] % of oesophagus length). Intestine wide, its anterior end usually wider than posterior bulb of oesophagus. Rectum thick-walled. Vulva situated at 5.05 (3.77–7.2) mm from anterior end (57.3 [49.5–67.0] % of total length). Vulva lips reduced. Eggs numerous, most eggs containing fully developed larvae. Egg size 98–129 × 53–72 (after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60DD4FDABAA1BC8ED" author="Hartwich, G." box="[1203,1374,620,644]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref41897" refString="Hartwich, G. (1975) Schlauchwurmer, Nemathelminthes Rund-oder Fadenwurmer, Nematoda Parasitische Rundwurmer von Wirbeltieren. I. Rhabditida und Ascaridida. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. 62 Tiel, Jena, Gustav Fischer Verlag, 256 pp." type="book" year="1975">Hartwich 1975</bibRefCitation>
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). Tail conical, 280 (207–382) long (3.2 [2.6–4.0] % of body length).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FD73ABA9C9CD" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Subadult hermaphrodites lacking the anterior swelling of cuticle. Body length 3.20 (2.21–4.17) mm, maximum width 92 (72–126). Body cuticle thin and smooth. Buccal capsule 14.6 (14–16) deep and 20 wide. Oesophagus 545 (506–606) long (17.4 [13.5–22.9] % of body length). Oesophagus width: 42 (38–48) at anterior end, 47 (44–52) at the middle of muscular part, 40 (36–48) at the middle of glandular part; bulb width 59 (52–68). Nerve ring at 209 (191–224) from anterior end of oesophagus (38.3 [35.6–41.3] % of oesophagus length). Intestine thin-walled. Vulva at 1.99 (1.34–2.52) mm from anterior end (62.2 [59.6–64.3] % of total length). Vulva lips distinct. Uteri tubular. Eggs absent. Tail conical, elongated, 141 (124–166) long (4.5 [3.9–5.6] % of body length).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FC68AE33CE15" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Biology (after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA6080BFC68AD4FC9AE" author="Kuzmin & Y. I" box="[364,522,943,967]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="49 - 57" refId="ref42699" refString="Kuzmin. Y. I. (1997) The life cycle and the new data on distribution of Rhabdias sphaerocephala (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 31, 49 - 57. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1997">Kuzmin 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Life cycle is of rhabdiasoid
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<typeStatus id="5482881DFF9CFFA60A3EFC77ACC8C9A1" box="[857,909,944,968]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
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. Free-living females usually had 2 or
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF9CFFA60C51FC68AA3BC9A1" box="[1334,1406,943,968]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="egg">4 eggs</specimenCount>
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in uteri, less frequently 1 or
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF9CFFA608A8FC13AD65C985" box="[463,544,980,1004]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="egg">3 eggs</specimenCount>
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. Up to
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<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF9CFFA60B18FC13AD99C985" box="[639,732,980,1004]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
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developed inside each female. Matricidal hatching was not observed to be obligatory and some number of larvae developed from oviposited eggs. Infected larvae readily penetrated the skin of experimental hosts,
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA60B19FBDAAD97CE5D" box="[638,722,1052,1076]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufo">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9CFFA60B19FBDAAD97CE5D" box="[638,722,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B. bufo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA60A6AFBDAAC34CE5D" baseAuthorityName="Laurenti" baseAuthorityYear="1768" box="[781,881,1052,1076]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9CFFA60A6AFBDAAC34CE5D" box="[781,881,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. fuscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the latter host, however, the development of hermaphrodites was arrested on the subadult stage. The arrested worms were found in subcutaneous tissues and abdominal muscles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FB4FAB42CE81" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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Remarks: the species was described from
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9CFFA60BFDFB4EADAFCEC9" box="[666,746,1160,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufo">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9CFFA60BFDFB4EADAFCEC9" box="[666,746,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">B. bufo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF9CFFA60A6AFB4FAC2FCEC9" box="[781,874,1160,1184]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">England</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60A1FFB4FAB69CEC9" author="Goodey T." box="[888,1068,1160,1184]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="203 - 208" refId="ref41797" refString="Goodey T. (1924 b) Two new species of the nematode genus Rhabdias. Journal of Helminthololgy, 2, 203 - 208. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022149 X 00018241" type="journal article" year="1924">Goodey, 1924 b</bibRefCitation>
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) and then found in the same host in
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF9CFFA609D0FB6BAE65CEAD" box="[183,288,1196,1220]" name="Germany" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Germany</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF9CFFA60849FB6BAECDCEAD" box="[302,392,1196,1220]" name="Ukraine" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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and Eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF9CFFA60B43FB6BAD2ACEAD" box="[548,623,1196,1220]" name="Russia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Russia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60BE7FB6BAC75CEAD" author="Hartwich, G." box="[640,816,1196,1220]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref41897" refString="Hartwich, G. (1975) Schlauchwurmer, Nemathelminthes Rund-oder Fadenwurmer, Nematoda Parasitische Rundwurmer von Wirbeltieren. I. Rhabditida und Ascaridida. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. 62 Tiel, Jena, Gustav Fischer Verlag, 256 pp." type="book" year="1975">Hartwich 1975</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60A58FB6BAB48CEAD" author="Kharchenko, V. A." box="[831,1037,1196,1220]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref42372" refString="Kharchenko, V. A. (1991) The new data on Rhabdiasoidea (Nematoda) of the fauna of the Ukraine. Parasite, host, environment. Second international school. II. Poster abstracts, Sofia: Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 239 pp." type="book" year="1991">Kharchenko 1991</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60D7BFB6BABF9CEAD" author="Kuzmin & Y. I" box="[1052,1212,1196,1220]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="49 - 57" refId="ref42699" refString="Kuzmin. Y. I. (1997) The life cycle and the new data on distribution of Rhabdias sphaerocephala (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 31, 49 - 57. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1997">Kuzmin 1997</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The records from Central and South America were proved to be erroneous (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60A7AFB17ACB9CE81" author="Kuzmin Y. & Tkach, V. V. & Brooks, D. R." box="[797,1020,1232,1256]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="159 - 165" refId="ref43199" refString="Kuzmin Y., Tkach, V. V. & Brooks, D. R. (2007) Rhabdias alabialis sp. nov. and R. pseudosphaerocephala sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) in the marine toad, Bufo marinus (L.) (Lissamphibia: Anura: Bufonidae) in Central America. Journal of Parasitology, 93, 159 - 165. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 858 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Kuzmin
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9CFFA60AE7FB16ACFDCE81" box="[896,952,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FB33AE4FCF59" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FF9CFFA609A0FB33AE43CF59" collectionCode="SIZK, MNHN" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="100">
|
||
Material studied: about
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF9CFFA608B4FB33AD3DCF65" box="[467,632,1268,1292]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">100 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF9CFFA60BEFFB33AD8FCF65" box="[648,714,1268,1292]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">SIZK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF9CFFA60BB1FB33AC75CF65" box="[726,816,1268,1292]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
), of which 22 gravid and 14 subgravid specimens were measured
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9CFFA609A0FAFBABC7CF3D" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1364]" box="[199,1154,1340,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
References:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60835FAFBAD56CF3D" author="Goodey T." box="[338,531,1340,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="203 - 208" refId="ref41797" refString="Goodey T. (1924 b) Two new species of the nematode genus Rhabdias. Journal of Helminthololgy, 2, 203 - 208. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022149 X 00018241" type="journal article" year="1924">Goodey (1924 b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60B78FAFBAD9ECF3D" author="Hartwich, G." box="[543,731,1340,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref41897" refString="Hartwich, G. (1975) Schlauchwurmer, Nemathelminthes Rund-oder Fadenwurmer, Nematoda Parasitische Rundwurmer von Wirbeltieren. I. Rhabditida und Ascaridida. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. 62 Tiel, Jena, Gustav Fischer Verlag, 256 pp." type="book" year="1975">Hartwich (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60B80FAFBAC81CF3D" author="Kharchenko, V. A." box="[743,964,1340,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref42372" refString="Kharchenko, V. A. (1991) The new data on Rhabdiasoidea (Nematoda) of the fauna of the Ukraine. Parasite, host, environment. Second international school. II. Poster abstracts, Sofia: Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 239 pp." type="book" year="1991">Kharchenko (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9CFFA60AA8FAFBAB3BCF3D" author="Kuzmin & Y. I" box="[975,1150,1340,1364]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="49 - 57" refId="ref42699" refString="Kuzmin. Y. I. (1997) The life cycle and the new data on distribution of Rhabdias sphaerocephala (Nematoda, Rhabdiasidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 31, 49 - 57. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1997">Kuzmin (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |