398 lines
53 KiB
XML
398 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="579E3E79463C5DB2F04FCA32CB8BA8B0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2459.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5313324" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629675236324" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris & Miller, Dug" docDate="2010" docId="306D87D1FFE6674200A42014FCBEFAA3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02459p101.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2459 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2459.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Tectococcus ovatus Hempel" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="CC54FFA9FFB4671B0033253BFFADFFB1" masterDocTitle="A Review of the Eriococcid Genera (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of South America 2459" masterLastPageNumber="101" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1699094185522" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="AD80D0C1820526BA80E77801E7259E5B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD5F36178D757B65768FE29E298CE0DB">
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<mods:title id="C5EA8B1F065642E0771B774356148B9C">A Review of the Eriococcid Genera (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of South America 2459</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="82B7357673CB9BDFE001BC36E958DBE6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B507752C429CA26B9A7DD7958306D3FA">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DC76612B1D722F9C30AEA51EFF36E18">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="81BF861808D486FAB3C226B0651A1A84">Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="68487C39B90EF71E8CA753FA1983B811" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3CB3C5F0B13B857443E4930661A2F90B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9F338217E4DB7B432E8D03456D3CC237">Miller, Dug</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B2A1FAFB0A4B65CB6BD28292114FB923">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9F5E5F065F76175288F19DD97F6C54A5">
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<mods:title id="92B82AEB72B8670AE531CCA02E613330">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BFAD06FCA8AF8F0B0F07107A30D3315A">
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<mods:date id="AACE56577C3726E5828C084D784C774C">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EFC75275F7739105BC74991C64FA26DC" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="884E7369CFDF68BA14C629DAA3B83A66">2010-05-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9682EA4F3BE70D5CA7F09F765C35E2F1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7952B29D549B520EB352E81FD186146E">2459</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="78B9D56DCF4CF9FE85C61EBDE48052E1" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="86CA17EFBC3D113207AB92209CB37FBA">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="238C6CAAF4494107BB1CD1EAD563A6C4">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="002089E1AC9B101020752E605B02656F">
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<mods:url id="27CD14BCCCBA1A64C624406F95DA8C5C">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2459.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="982E6C8710E383BDFEBDCCE3027E66D6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="169B2B916A7D9C1303AF5015745E7B4C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2459.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4EB2C43011F07106A1D333E3B58A8895" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9608FBCFA6A6A3FF8AE6434EA9BF2DE4" type="Zenodo-Dep">5313324</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="306D87D1FFE6674200A42014FCBEFAA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:306D87D1FFE6674200A42014FCBEFAA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/306D87D1FFE6674200A42014FCBEFAA3" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<subSubSection id="F0DE654CFFE6674900A42014FE4BFAF8" box="[151,486,1327,1353]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE6674900A42014FE4BFAF8" blockId="82.[151,486,1327,1353]" box="[151,486,1327,1353]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<heading id="E33381ABFFE6674900A42014FE4BFAF8" bold="true" box="[151,486,1327,1353]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE6674900A42014FE4BFAF8" ID-CoL="553LT" authority="Hempel" authorityName="Hempel" box="[151,486,1327,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE6674900A42014FE4BFAF8" bold="true" box="[151,486,1327,1353]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE6674900A42014FED0FAF8" bold="true" box="[151,381,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Tectococcus ovatus</emphasis>
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Hempel
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0DE654CFFE6674900A42043FDC3FA3E" box="[151,622,1400,1423]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE6674900A42043FDC3FA3E" blockId="82.[151,622,1400,1423]" box="[151,622,1400,1423]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE6674900A42043FDC7FA3E" ID-CoL="553LT" authority="Hempel 1900: 406 - 407" authorityName="Hempel" authorityPageNumber="406 - 407" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,618,1400,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE6674900A42043FEC9FA3E" box="[151,356,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Tectococcus ovatus</emphasis>
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Hempel 1900: 406–407
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0DE654CFFE6674F00A42086FB51F8D6" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE6674900A42086FEFFF954" blockId="82.[151,1436,1469,1765]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE6674900A42086FDA6FA66" bold="true" box="[151,523,1469,1495]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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Material examined:
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<collectingCountry id="C0D37657FFE6674901A92086FDA6FA66" box="[410,523,1469,1495]" name="Brazil" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="7A00F825FFE66749022F2086FD35FA66" box="[540,664,1469,1495]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
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, on shrub,
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<date id="CC7A1007FFE66749032F2086FC3AFA66" box="[796,919,1469,1495]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" value="1929-02">Feb. 1929</date>
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, A. Hempel (
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE66749040B2086FB38FA66" box="[1080,1173,1469,1495]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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): 2/2adff (in excellent condition).
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE66749011720D9FD9BFA4D" bold="true" box="[292,566,1506,1532]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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COTYPES:
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<collectingCountry id="C0D37657FFE6674901F720D9FD9BFA4D" box="[452,566,1506,1532]" name="Brazil" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7A00F825FFE66749027420D9FD68FA4D" box="[583,709,1506,1532]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
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, on
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE6674902CA20D9FC65FA4D" box="[761,968,1506,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae, 1900</taxonomicName>
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, A. Hempel (
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE66749045F20D9FB67FA4D" box="[1132,1226,1506,1532]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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): 1/11 first-instar nymphs (described from
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<specimenCount id="AEC2FD4EFFE6674901F12333FDF9F993" box="[450,596,1544,1570]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
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in fair to good condition but most specimens mounted laterally; some characters checked on other 8; most claws poor) + 1/1 adf and 1 2
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<superScript id="4FB19B8FFFE6674903FB2316FC74F98A" attach="none" box="[968,985,1581,1595]" fontSize="6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">nd</superScript>
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-instar male;
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<collectingCountry id="C0D37657FFE66749044F230BFB43F9FB" box="[1148,1262,1584,1610]" name="Brazil" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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: locality?, on
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE6674900A42362FEDBF9C3" box="[151,374,1625,1650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cattleiana">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE6674900A42362FEDBF9C3" box="[151,374,1625,1650]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Psidium cattleiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="CC7A1007FFE6674901B52363FDAAF9C3" box="[390,519,1624,1650]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" value="1993-09-23">23.ix.1993</date>
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, M. D. Vitorino (
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE6674902E52363FC9EF9C3" box="[726,819,1624,1650]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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): 9/19 adff (fair condition) + 1 2
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<superScript id="4FB19B8FFFE667490485236EFB6BF9D2" attach="left" box="[1206,1222,1621,1635]" fontSize="6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">nd</superScript>
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instar male (good condition) + 5 2
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<superScript id="4FB19B8FFFE6674901672346FEC4F93A" attach="right" box="[340,361,1661,1675]" fontSize="6" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">nd-</superScript>
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instar females.
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE66749022F23BBFD26F92B" bold="true" box="[540,651,1664,1690]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">HAWAII</emphasis>
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: Oahu (in quarantine facility), on
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE66749042D23BAFB56F92B" box="[1054,1275,1665,1690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cattleiana">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE66749042D23BAFB56F92B" box="[1054,1275,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Psidium cattleiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="CC7A1007FFE66749053923BAFADFF92A" box="[1290,1394,1665,1691]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" value="2002-10-02">2.x.2002</date>
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, A. Berry (
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE6674900D9239DFEEBF971" box="[234,326,1702,1728]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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): 2/3admm (in fair to poor condition, much muscle still present in thorax and head, and wings very crumpled).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="ECBB664FFFE7674800A42232FD97F830" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5313459" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313459/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" startId="83.[151,255,1801,1825]" targetBox="[225,1380,158,1780]" targetPageId="83">
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE7674800A42232FD97F830" blockId="83.[151,1436,1801,1921]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE7674800A42232FE8BF890" bold="true" box="[151,294,1801,1825]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE76748011E2231FDF0F890" authority="Hempel." authorityName="Hempel." box="[301,605,1802,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE76748011E2231FE57F890" box="[301,506,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Tectococcus ovatus</emphasis>
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Hempel.
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</taxonomicName>
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Adult female, where A = dorsal spinose seta; B = dorsal microtubular duct; C = dorsal loculate pore; D = dorsal macrotubular duct; G = dorsal view of anal area; H = ventral view of anal area; J = ventral seta; K = ventral microtubular duct; L = ventral loculate pore; M = ventral macrotubular duct; V = antenna with frontal lobe, and W = metathoracic leg.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE7674800F52294FE7BF878" blockId="83.[198,1435,1967,2030]" box="[198,470,1967,1993]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE7674800F52294FEC5F878" bold="true" box="[198,360,1967,1993]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Adult female</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="20FF2A42FFE76748014B2294FE63F878" box="[376,462,1967,1993]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="83.[151,255,1801,1825]" captionTargetBox="[225,1380,158,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-109@83.[210,1385,147,1792]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 42. Tectococcus ovatus Hempel. Adult female, where A = dorsal spinose seta; B = dorsal microtubular duct; C = dorsal loculate pore; D = dorsal macrotubular duct; G = dorsal view of anal area; H = ventral view of anal area; J = ventral seta; K = ventral microtubular duct; L = ventral loculate pore; M = ventral macrotubular duct; V = antenna with frontal lobe, and W = metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313459" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313459/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE7674F00F522EFFB54FF66" blockId="83.[198,1435,1967,2030]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE7674800F522EFFE61F85F" bold="true" box="[198,460,2004,2030]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Unmounted material</emphasis>
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. Induces circular galls, convex on both sides, largest
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<quantity id="7F3C9B22FFE76748047122EFFB28F85F" box="[1090,1157,2004,2030]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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diameter. Galls formed on both sides of leaf and open on underside, where surface somewhat raised, with white wax. Inside of gall smooth, dusted with white wax. Adult female ovate, inflated, brown, dusted with white powder.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE0674F00F525D9FA23FE93" blockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE0674F00F525D9FE06FF4D" bold="true" box="[198,427,226,252]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Mounted material</emphasis>
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. Body outline approximately egg-shaped, broadest across thorax, with rounded head and pointed abdomen; thorax rather long and therefore legs rather far apart. Length
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<quantity id="7F3C9B22FFE0674F04582433FB65FE93" box="[1131,1224,264,290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="7F3C9B22FFE0674F052D2433FA24FE93" box="[1310,1417,264,290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="1.98">1.98 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE0674F00F52416FC0DFCC6" blockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE0674F00F52416FE86FEF6" bold="true" box="[198,299,301,327]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
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. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae spinose, with blunt apices; frequent; rather variable in size, each about 16–20 µm long medially but up to about 35 µm on margin of head and posterior abdomen; distributed in sparse bands across thorax and abdomen but more randomly on head; becoming infrequent posteriorly on abdomen. Microtubular ducts small, perhaps 4 µm long and 0.5 µm wide; extremely scarce, apparently most abundant medially on metathorax; possibly with a convex dermal pore. Macrotubular ducts much larger, with a narrow outer ductule (each about 1.5 µm wide and 16 µm long) and a shorter inner ductule (8–10 µm long) broadening slightly towards apex where truncated; dermal pore not apparently sclerotised: distribution: absent on abdominal segment
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F029B2709FD71FDFD" box="[680,732,562,588]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VIII</collectionCode>
|
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but frequent to abundant on segments I–
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04E52709FAAFFDFD" box="[1238,1282,562,588]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VII</collectionCode>
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, particularly medially, becoming less frequent on thoracic segments, with very few on prothorax; absent on head. Loculate pores each about 4–5 µm wide, with mainly 5 loculi; frequent in segmental bands throughout (more random on head), but most abundant on abdominal segments. Anal lobes absent; segments
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04472799FB30FD0D" box="[1140,1181,674,700]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
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<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04EB2799FAA6FD0D" box="[1240,1291,674,700]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
each with a single pair of spinose setae. Anus unclear, apparently ventral, but with a V-shaped sclerotised structure; without setae or pores, although with a pair of setae along lateral margin, each about 25 µm long. Also with a pair of long, flagellate setae (each about 125 µm long) on each side of anus; plus three pairs of setae posterior to anus, each 15–22 µm long, and another, longer pair anteriorly (each 25–28 µm long); anal area without microtubular ducts but loculate pores abundant (see under venter).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE0674F00F526B9FC8CFC73" blockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE0674F00F526B9FE89FC2D" bold="true" box="[198,292,898,924]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
. Margin poorly defined but probably demarcated by change from spinose dorsal setae to flagellate ventral setae; marginal setae probably absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE0674F00F526F6FE2AFA86" blockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE0674F00F526F6FEB5FC56" bold="true" box="[198,280,973,999]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae clearly hairlike and flagellate, longest between antennae and mesad to each coxa, largest 66–80 µm long; sparse, with 4 pairs between antennae and 3–5 mesad to each coxa; also with smaller setae in sparse bands across each abdominal segment. Macrotubular ducts different in structure to those on dorsum, with each outer ductule about twice as broad (about 3.5 µm wide and about 15 µm long); inner ductule filamentous and probably rather long, without a glandular end; apparently restricted to abdominal segments
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F00A421B3FF19FB13" box="[151,180,1160,1186]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">III</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F00F021B3FF4CFB13" box="[195,225,1160,1186]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
(i.e., absent from
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F018B21B3FE4DFB13" box="[440,480,1160,1186]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F022A21B3FDFDFB13" box="[537,592,1160,1186]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
). Microtubular ducts apparently structurally similar to those on dorsum; very sparse, perhaps only present submarginally on some abdominal segments. Cruciform pores absent. Loculate pores each with mainly 5 loculi: present in broad, dense bands across abdominal segments
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F050521E9FAF9FB5D" box="[1334,1364,1234,1260]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">III</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F055021E9FA3AFB5D" box="[1379,1431,1234,1260]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
; much sparser elsewhere although more or less present throughout, with small concentrations laterad to labium and to each spiracle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE0674F00F52079FB51F8D6" blockId="84.[151,1436,152,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
|
||
Antennae probably 6 segmented but segmentation of segment
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F03AF2079FC16FAED" box="[924,955,1346,1372]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
rather obscure; length about 90 µm; with possibly 3 setae on scape, 1 + a campaniform sensillum on pedicel, segment
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F042F2053FB94FA33" box="[1052,1081,1384,1410]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">III</collectionCode>
|
||
with 0 setae;
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04EF2053FB56FA33" box="[1244,1275,1384,1410]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
with 2 setose setae;
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F00D120B6FF5AFA16" box="[226,247,1421,1447]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
with 1 fleshy seta + 1 setose seta, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F02F520B6FD48FA16" box="[710,741,1421,1447]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
with 3 fleshy setae, 3 long and 2 short other setae, longest about 50 µm. Frontal lobes conspicuous. Eyespot rather large, possibly protuberant, each about 17 µm across; located laterad to each antenna. Mouthparts with a pair of large sclerotised, wing-like apodemes arising anteriorly from tentorial box, plus 2 even larger unstained (presumably less sclerotised) "wings" anterolaterally; clypeolabral shield 240 µm long; sclerotised wing-like apodemes 275 µm wide, and unstained "wings" 425 µm wide; labium probably 2 segmented, with 5 pairs of setae. Spiracles: width of peritremes: 15– 17 µm. Legs each moderately well developed; metathoracic legs: lengths (µm): 145 wide; trochanter + femur 165; tibia 100, tarsus 57, claw 16; each hind coxa slightly swollen, with a few translucent pores and transverse rows of microspinules; each trochanter with 2 long setae, longest about 80 µm long; femur slightly swollen and misshapen, with 3 setae plus a few pore-like areas dorsally; tibia each with 3 setae and a few pale porelike areas; tarsi each with 3 setae; tarsal campaniform sensillum present; tarsal digitules subequal in length to claw digitules but longer than claw, capitate; claws short and broad, each with 1 digitule slightly broader than other; each claw with a strong denticle near apex. Vulva placed between segments
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04532276FB25F8D6" box="[1120,1160,1869,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="DED5AE02FFE0674F04F12276FB55F8D6" box="[1218,1272,1869,1895]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="ECBB664FFFE1674E00A42325FE77F9C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5313461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313461/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" startId="85.[151,255,1566,1590]" targetBox="[188,1395,214,1523]" targetPageId="85">
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674E00A42325FE77F9C4" blockId="85.[151,1436,1566,1653]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00A42325FE8AF987" bold="true" box="[151,295,1566,1590]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE1674E011D2325FDCDF984" authority="Hempel." authorityName="Hempel." box="[302,608,1566,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E011D2325FE51F984" box="[302,508,1566,1589]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Tectococcus ovatus</emphasis>
|
||
Hempel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
First-instar nymph, where B = dorsal microtubular duct; H = ventral view of anal area; K = ventral microtular duct; L = ventral loculate pore; R = spinose marginal and dorsal setae, V = antenna, and W = claw of metathoracic leg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F0DE654CFFE1674200F523A5FCBEFAA3" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674E00F523A5FBE9F96F" blockId="85.[151,1436,1694,2019]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00F523A5FEE4F909" bold="true" box="[198,329,1694,1720]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
For a comparison of the adult female of this species with other South American eriococcid genera see the “Comment” section after the “Generic diagnosis” of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE1674E039C23FFFB90F96C" box="[943,1085,1732,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E039C23FFFB90F96C" box="[943,1085,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Tectococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674E00F523D3FCE9F8B2" blockId="85.[151,1436,1694,2019]" box="[198,836,1768,1795]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00F523D3FE18F8B3" bold="true" box="[198,437,1768,1794]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">First-instar nymph</emphasis>
|
||
(gender not determined) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="20FF2A42FFE1674E02D423D2FC91F8B2" box="[743,828,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="85.[151,255,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[188,1395,214,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-172@85.[176,1411,197,1542]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 43. Tectococcus ovatus Hempel. First-instar nymph, where B = dorsal microtubular duct; H = ventral view of anal area; K = ventral microtular duct; L = ventral loculate pore; R = spinose marginal and dorsal setae, V = antenna, and W = claw of metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313461/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674E00F52235FDE4F899" blockId="85.[151,1436,1694,2019]" box="[198,585,1806,1832]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00F52235FE61F899" bold="true" box="[198,460,1806,1832]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Unmounted material</emphasis>
|
||
. Not seen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674E00F52208FEB1F8C2" blockId="85.[151,1436,1694,2019]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00F52208FE1FF8FC" bold="true" box="[198,434,1843,1869]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
. Length about 250–265 µm, width 160 µm. Body oval, slightly more pointed posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE1674D00F52245FEEAFE06" blockId="85.[151,1436,1694,2019]" lastBlockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE1674E00F52245FE86F829" bold="true" box="[198,299,1918,1944]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
. Derm membranous, without obvious dermal spinules. Dorsal setae spinose, in a pair of submedian lines; those on head, thorax and abdominal segment VII similar to those around margin, each tending to be rather swollen basally and about 2.5 µm long, with a narrow basal socket; those on abdominal segments I–III smaller, each about 1.5 µm long. Microtubular ducts with a sclerotised dermal pore, with outer ductule about 6 µm long, probably with an inner dividing membrane, and a heavily sclerotised distal apex; no inner ductule noted; distributed as follows: with 3 pairs submarginally on head, plus submedial pairs on head and each thoracic segment, plus another pair on abdominal segment VIII. Loculate pores and macrotubular ducts absent. Anal lobes absent or rounded, membranous; each with a very long, flagellate apical seta about 80–85 µm long. Posterior margin with 2 pairs of short setae on either side of anus, each about 1 µm long. Anus represented by a sclerotised, inverted U, about 5 µm wide, without setae or pores, but with a pair of small setae ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F524F9FDE4FDC3" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F524F9FE89FE6D" bold="true" box="[198,292,450,476]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
. Marginal setae strongly spinose, similar in shape to those on dorsum and about same size, each 5 µm tall and 4 µm wide at base; with 8 between eyespots, 1 dorsad to each eyespot, 3 on each side between eyes and point opposite anterior spiracles, 4 on each side laterally between anterior spiracles and abdomen and with 1 on each side of abdominal segments I–VIII. Eyespots fairly small, each 7–8 µm wide, situated on margin posterior to base of antennae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F52746FC3AFCC6" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F52746FEB5FD26" bold="true" box="[198,280,637,663]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
. Derm membranous, without dermal spinules. With single loculate pores laterad to each spiracle plus a further pore on margin laterad to each posterior spiracle. Microtubular ducts apparently similar to those on dorsum, with pairs marginally on abdominal segments II, III and VI, and 2 pairs between spiracles. With 3 pairs of long setae between antennae (longest 13–17 µm long) plus pairs mesad to meso- and metacoxae (these shorter, about 10 µm long) but none mesad of procoxae; pairs of minute setae present medially on abdominal segments II–VI. Submarginal setae minute and hairlike, each about 1 µm long, with 6 on abdomen, 2 between spiracles and 1 between anterior spiracles and eyespot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F526B9FF45FB5D" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Antennae 5 segmented, 44–50 µm long; segments II–IV much wider than long; setal distribution: scape 2; pedicel 1; segment III 1; IV 1 setose seta + 1 fleshy seta, and V 2 fleshy setae, 3 long setose setae + 3 shorter setose setae, length of longest seta about 36 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 45–46 µm long; labium perhaps 2 segmented; about 33 µm wide, with possibly 4 pairs of short setae + 1 pair rather longer setae on apex. Spiracles very small, peritremes possibly 4–5 µm wide, without a lateral membranous cavity. Legs well developed; lengths (metathoracic leg (µm)): coxa (width) 20–22; trochanter + femur 40–43; tibia 18–21; tarsus 25–27, clearly much longer than tibia; claw 12–13; setae: coxae 3, trochanter 2, femur 2, tibia 3, tarsus 4; long trochanter seta 25–28 µm long; tarsal campaniform sensillum present; claw with a distinct denticle; both tarsal digitules on all 3 pairs of legs capitate and equal in size; claw digitules alike with small capitate apices.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F521CCFF71FA7D" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F521CCFEE4FAA0" bold="true" box="[198,329,1271,1297]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
The first-instar nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE2674D02A421C3FCAEFAA0" box="[663,771,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D02A421C3FCAEFAA0" box="[663,771,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">T. ovatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 5-segmented antennae. In addition, they have: (i) dorsal spinose setae rather cupolate-shaped, present in a submedial line and marginally; (ii) microtubular ducts restricted to the dorsum and margin; (iii) anal lobes unsclerotised and not differentiated; (iv) cruciform pores absent; and (v) loculate pores only present laterad to each spiracle.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE2674D04952053FACDFA30" authorityName="Lepage" authorityYear="1941" box="[1190,1376,1384,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Aculeococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D04952053FACDFA30" box="[1190,1376,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aculeococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFE2674D00A420B6FEDBFA17" authorityName="Hempel" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,374,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Pseudotectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00A420B6FEDBFA17" box="[151,374,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Pseudotectococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have shorter antennae (3 segmented), but both probably also have differentiated anal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F520ECFE12FA43" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" box="[198,447,1495,1522]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F520ECFEFCFA40" bold="true" box="[198,337,1495,1521]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Adult male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="20FF2A42FFE2674D015220E3FE1AFA43" box="[353,439,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="88.[151,257,1938,1962]" captionTargetBox="[256,1345,204,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-65@88.[232,1362,194,1921]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 44. Tectococcus ovatus Hempel. Adult male, where A = pores on dorsal epicranium; F = ventral view of posterior end of abdomen; K = distal end of metathoracic leg, and L = apical antennal segments. For other abbreviations see ‘Figure captions’ on p. 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313463/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F520C6FDFBF9A6" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" box="[198,598,1533,1559]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F520C6FE61F9A6" bold="true" box="[198,460,1533,1559]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Unmounted material</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674D00F52319FE86F91D" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F52319FE07F98D" bold="true" box="[198,426,1570,1596]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
. With an elongate abdomen; total length perhaps
|
||
<quantity id="7F3C9B22FFE2674D03C02319FB33F98D" box="[1011,1182,1570,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.48" metricValueMin="1.42" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.48" valueMin="1.42">1.42–1.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; antennae short, less than half total body length; body with very few setae, all hairlike (hs); fleshy setae (fs) absent on body; length of fs on antennae and legs slightly less than width of antennae; glandular pouches and glandular pouch setae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE2674C00F5238CFD40FEDD" blockId="86.[151,1436,152,2007]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE2674D00F5238CFEA4F960" bold="true" box="[198,265,1719,1745]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Approximately round in dorsal view; width across genae about 160–180 µm; length about 135–145 µm. Median crest (mc) and postoccipital ridge (por) present but not heavily sclerotised; epicranium with few hs dorsal head setae (dhs) and ventral head setae (vhs) but with many pores, possibly of
|
||
<specimenCount id="AEC2FD4EFFE2674D04AD2239FB5BF8AD" box="[1182,1270,1794,1820]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
|
||
: a larger pore, about 2–3 µm wide, possibly loculate, common on dorsal surface, and perhaps a smaller pore about 1.5 µm wide with a dark central spot, sometimes noted ventrally between scapes. Mid-cranial ridge apparently absent both dorsally and ventrally; ventral epicranium with a few hs ventral head setae (vhs) laterad to ventral simple eye (vse) but perhaps otherwise absent. Dorsal ocular setae absent. Genae (g) not reticulated but each with 1– 3 hs genal seta (gs). Eyes: with 2 pairs of round, simple eyes; dorsal eyes (dse) subequal in size to ventral eyes (vse), each 28–32 µm wide. Ocelli (o) not very distinct, each 13 µm wide; not nearly touching postocular ridge (pocr) posteriorly. Ocular sclerite (ocs) with faint reticulations around both eyes and ocelli and some small nodulations laterally. Preocular ridge (procr) extremely short, represented only by an antennal articulatory sclerite (
|
||
<specimenCount id="AEC2FD4EFFE3674C01A42433FDB2FE93" box="[407,543,264,290]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
had a short but distinct ridge on 1 side dorsally). Postocular ridge (pocr) strongly developed ventrally, extending dorsally to just posterior to dorsal simple eye (dse). Preoral ridge (pror) distinct. Cranial apophysis (ca) not detected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE3674C00F5244CFC61FD0D" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C00F5244CFEEBFE20" bold="true" box="[198,326,375,401]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Antennae.</emphasis>
|
||
Eight-segmented and filiform; length 550–605 µm (ratio of total body length to antennal length 1:0.4). Scape (scp): 30–33 µm long, 40–45 µm wide, with 4–7 hs, mostly on ventral surface. Pedicel (pdc): length 45–50 µm, width 34–36 µm; with many concentric ridges over all segment; with 5–11 hs + 1 campaniform sensillum. Flagellar segments all more or less parallel-sided, with shallow transverse ridges; each about 20–25 µm wide; lengths of segments (µm): III 106–115; IV 64–75; V 100–105; VI 85–97; VII 80– 105; VIII 73–75; fs each about 18–25 µm long; approximate number of setae and sensilla per segment: III 1 or 2 fs, 0–2 hs + 1 sensilla basiconica; IV 5–10 fs, 0 or 1 hs + 0 or 1 capitate seta (caps); V 19–25 fs + 0 or 1 caps; VI 25–27 fs, 0 or 1 caps + 0 or 1 antennal bristle (abs), VII 17–26 fs, 3 or 4 caps + 1 abs; VIII 1–3 fs, 3– 5 caps, 3 long, well developed + 2 smaller abs + 1 sensilla basiconica.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE3674C00F527FCFD25FC13" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C00F527FCFE8EFD50" bold="true" box="[198,291,711,737]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C010B27FCFE15FD50" bold="true" box="[312,440,711,737]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: pronotal ridge (prnr) well developed and meeting medially on dorsum; lateral pronotal sclerites (prn) indistinct, each with faint ridging; lateral pronotal setae absent. Medial pronotal and post-tergital setae apparently absent. Post-tergites absent. Sternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C03FD2619FC7BFC81" attach="left" box="[974,982,802,816]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">1</subScript>
|
||
) not sclerotised and without striations; transverse ridge well developed and sclerotised; prosternal apophyses absent; median ridge absent; prosternal setae (stn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C013A264BFEBCFCCF" attach="right" box="[265,273,880,894]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">1</subScript>
|
||
s) absent. Proepisternum + cervical sclerite (pepcv) showing nothing distinctive. Anteprosternal setae and antemesospiracular setae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE3674C00F52696FF63F99D" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C00F52696FEF1FC76" bold="true" box="[198,348,941,967]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Mesothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: prescutum (prsc) more or less quadrate, about 90 µm long, 95 µm wide; sclerotised, without nodulations; prescutal ridges (pscr) well developed; prescutal suture (pscs) represented by a faint line; prealare (pra) and triangular plate (tp) well developed. Scutum (sct): median area sclerotised, about 50 µm long between prescutum and scutellum; with 1–3 pairs of hs (scts); without nodulations anterolaterally; prealar ridge weak. Scutellum (scl) 100–110 µm wide, 45–49 µm long; with an inverted U-shaped scutellar ridge; probably not tubular and lacking a foramen; scutellar setae (scls): 1 pair hs near anterior margin; posterior notal wing process (pnp) short. Basisternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C030921A6FCEFFB1A" attach="left" box="[826,834,1181,1195]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
) 165–185 µm wide, 90–100 µm long; median ridge absent; bounded anteriorly by a moderately strong marginal ridge (mr) and posteriorly by strong precoxal ridges (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C012421D0FEB2FB48" attach="left" box="[279,287,1259,1273]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
); with about 10 hs basisternal setae (stn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C033321D0FCA5FB48" attach="both" box="[768,776,1259,1273]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
s) on each side; lateropleurite (lpl) indistinct but broad; extension from marginal ridge along anterior border either short or absent; furca (f) well developed, narrowwaisted, arms divergent and extending almost to anterior marginal ridge. Mesopostnotum (pn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C057A2002FAFCFAF6" attach="left" box="[1353,1361,1337,1351]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
) well developed; postnotal apophysis (pna) well developed. Area bounded anteriorly by scutellum and laterally and posteriorly by mesopostnotum not sclerotised. Mesepisternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C039F20BDFC19FA25" attach="left" box="[940,948,1414,1428]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
) not reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) well developed. Postalare (pa) well developed but not reticulated anteriorly; with 1 or 2 postalare setae (pas). Mesothoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C01FB20EFFE7DFA53" attach="left" box="[456,464,1492,1506]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">2</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme about 28 µm. Postmesospiracular setae (pms): probably 1–3 hs posterior to each spiracle + 0–4 medially. Tegula (teg) present, with 4–10 hs tegular setae (tegs) on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE3674C00F5230CFE13F88B" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C00F5230CFEF7F9E0" bold="true" box="[198,346,1591,1617]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Metathorax</emphasis>
|
||
: metapostnotum not sclerotised; with 2 or 3 pairs of hs metatergal setae (mts). Dorsospiracular setae (dss): probably 1 or 2 hs on each side. Dorsal part of metapleural ridge absent; ventral part of metapleural ridge (plr
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C01DC23A9FE5AF911" attach="right" box="[495,503,1682,1696]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
) unusually short; precoxal ridge (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C039C23A9FC1AF911" attach="left" box="[943,951,1682,1696]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
) absent; episternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C04D323A9FB45F911" attach="left" box="[1248,1256,1682,1696]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
) unsclerotised, without postmetaspiracular setae. Metepimeron (epm
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C03392381FCBFF979" attach="left" box="[778,786,1722,1736]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
) short, without setae. Antemetaspiracular setae absent. Metathoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C01F423D9FE62F941" attach="right" box="[455,463,1762,1776]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme about 26 µm. Metasternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="24403482FFE3674C047E23D9FBF8F941" attach="left" box="[1101,1109,1762,1776]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">3</subScript>
|
||
) membranous, metasternal apophyses not detected; with possibly 2 hs anterior metasternal setae (amss) and 2 pairs of hs posterior metasternal setae (pmss).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFE3674C00F7227EFA3BF8EE" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1887]" box="[196,1430,1861,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFE3674C00F7227EFEBEF8EE" bold="true" box="[196,275,1861,1887]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: hyaline; alar setae (als) generally present; alar lobe and alar pores absent. Hamulohalteres absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="ECBB664FFFEC674300A422A9FE60F858" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5313463" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5313463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5313463/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" startId="88.[151,257,1938,1962]" targetBox="[256,1345,204,1907]" targetPageId="88">
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFEC674300A422A9FE60F858" blockId="88.[151,1436,1938,2025]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFEC674300A422A9FE81F81B" bold="true" box="[151,300,1938,1962]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFEC6743010722A9FDDFF818" authority="Hempel." authorityName="Hempel." box="[308,626,1938,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFEC6743010722A9FDA6F818" box="[308,523,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Tectococcus ovatus</emphasis>
|
||
Hempel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Adult male, where A = pores on dorsal epicranium; F = ventral view of posterior end of abdomen; K = distal end of metathoracic leg, and L = apical antennal segments. For other abbreviations see ‘Figure captions’ on p. 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFED674200F725ACFC48FD96" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1298]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674200F725ACFF53FF00" bold="true" box="[196,254,151,177]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: legs subequal in length. Coxae (cx): I 83–95; II 75–80; III 75–82 µm long; each coxa III with 6 or 7 hs; long apical seta not differentiated. Trochanter (tr) + femur (fm): I 174–200; II 155–175; III 165–185 µm long; trochanter III with 8 hs; campaniform sensilla oval and in a diagonal line; each long trochanter seta short, about 50 µm; femur III with 11–15 hs. Tibia (tib): I 170–200; II 170–190; III 165–207 µm; tibia III with a total of about 30–35 setae, mainly spur-like on distal third of leg but with 1 or 2 fs on dorsal margin distally; with 2 apical spurs (tibs), each about 13 µm long. Tarsi (tar): I 68–75; II 62–74; III 62–70 µm long (ratio of length of tibia III to that of tarsus III 1:0.36); tarsi 2 segmented; tarsus III with about 13 setae, mainly spurlike, but with 1 or 2 fs on dorsal margin; tarsal spurs about 13 µm long; tarsal campaniform sensillum (cp) present; tarsal digitules (tdt) perhaps slightly subequal in length to claw, with rather small apical knobs. Claws (c) longer than width of tarsi, with a distinct denticle; length III: 20–22 µm; claw digitules (cdt) distinctly longer than claw, one narrower than other, both with small apical knobs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFED674200F72709FB69FD0D" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1298]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674200F72709FE92FDFD" bold="true" box="[196,319,562,588]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Long, tapering to penial sheath; unsclerotised apart from segment VIII, which appears to be lightly sclerotised. Caudal extensions (ce) of segments VII & VIII absent. Setae all short hs, each 5–7 µm long, in a band across each segment, frequency (totals) approximately as follows: I 6; II–V 9–11; VI 6–10; VII 9–12; VIII 11–12, but with 2 or 3 longer, up to 17 µm long. Glandular pouches (gp) absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFED674200AC27FCFEBDFC2D" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1298]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674200AC27FCFEC7FD50" bold="true" box="[159,362,711,737]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Genital segment</emphasis>
|
||
: penial sheath (ps) triangular, narrowing to a sharp apex posteriorly; length about 105–110 µm, width anteriorly about 50 µm (ratio of total body length to length of penial sheath 1:0.07); anal opening (an) apparently in a groove medially on dorsal surface; with 2 pairs of longer hs (gts) just laterad to aedeagus, each 12–17 µm long; shorter setae absent. Aedeagus (aed) short and narrowing towards apex; length 45–50 µm, about 11 µm wide basally. Basal rod (bra) apparently absent. Penial sheath with a few small sensilla (psp) near apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFED674200F5269CFED5FBCD" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1298]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674200F5269CFEE4FC70" bold="true" box="[198,329,935,961]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFED6742020F2693FD04FC70" box="[572,681,936,961]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED6742020F2693FD04FC70" box="[572,681,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">T. ovatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from other adult male eriococcids from the Neotropics by the following combination of characters: (i) abdomen much elongated, narrowing to a narrow penial sheath; (ii) body setae very few, all hair-like setae; (iii) antennae with 8-segments; (iv) capitate setae present on most antennal segments; and (v) pores present on head dorsally (and maybe ventrally). The adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFED674200C92106FEC8FBE7" box="[250,357,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Tectococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674200C92106FEC8FBE7" box="[250,357,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">T. ovatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows some similarity to the eriococcid genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFED6742039B2106FB91FBE7" authorityName="Rubsaamen" authorityYear="1894" box="[936,1084,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Apiomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED6742039B2106FB91FBE7" box="[936,1084,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Apiomorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFED6742044B2106FAB5FBE7" box="[1144,1304,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Opisthoscelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED6742044B2106FAB5FBE7" box="[1144,1304,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Opisthoscelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see under Discussion below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B87B36C7FFED674200F521B3FCBEFAA3" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1298]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
This species has been tested as a biological control agent of the strawberry guava
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7FC44D44FFED674204B821B3FAD0FB10" box="[1163,1405,1160,1185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cattleianum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8AB0EAD5FFED674204B821B3FAD0FB10" box="[1163,1405,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Psidium cattleianum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7A00F825FFED674200A42196FF41FB76" box="[151,236,1197,1223]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
and a petition has been written to begin introductions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DC554B36FFED674203442196FB85FB76" author="Johnson, M. T." box="[887,1064,1197,1223]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref50465" refString="Johnson, M. T. (2005) Petition for field release of Tectococcus ovatus for classical biological control of strawberry guave, Psidium cattleianum in Hawaii. http: // www. hear. org / species / tectococcus _ ovatus [PDF] 31 pp." type="book" year="2005">Johnson, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This process has been heavily criticized by several groups in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7A00F825FFED6742022A21E9FDDCFB5D" box="[537,625,1234,1260]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
and it is not clear if the introductions will take place. The males mentioned above were reared in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7A00F825FFED6742022521C3FDC7FAA3" box="[534,618,1272,1298]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
in quarantine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |