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<mods:title id="6D8D3545C4CA8913740F8EEDD171B8D2">North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0E793415C445938FF48F91D2302F976" bold="true" box="[151,591,1732,1758]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F91D2302F976" bold="true" box="[151,591,1732,1758]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F91D201AF976" bold="true" box="[151,343,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Euura vesicator</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C445938FEB8F91D230AF976" author="Bremi-Wolf" box="[359,583,1732,1758]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refString="Bremi-Wolf, J. J. (1849) Beschreibung einiger Hymenopteren, die ich fur noch unbeschriebene und unpublicirt halte. Entomologische Zeitung, 10 (3), 92 - 96." type="journal article" year="1849">Bremi-Wolf, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C445938FF48F8D22530F897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188945" collectionCode="ETH" location="Zurich" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zurich" typeStatus="syntype">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C445938FF48F8D2230BF888" authority="Bremi-Wolf, 1849: 93" authorityName="Bremi-Wolf" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,582,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F8D2201BF888" box="[151,342,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Nematus vesicator</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C445938FE80F8D3230BF888" author="Bremi-Wolf" box="[351,582,1802,1824]" page="93" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" year="1849">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C445938FE80F8D3236DF888" author="Bremi-Wolf" box="[351,544,1802,1824]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refString="Bremi-Wolf, J. J. (1849) Beschreibung einiger Hymenopteren, die ich fur noch unbeschriebene und unpublicirt halte. Entomologische Zeitung, 10 (3), 92 - 96." type="journal article" year="1849">Bremi-Wolf, 1849</bibRefCitation>
: 93
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94. Described: adult [sex not explicitly stated, but description fits only
<specimenCount id="9D16EFA45C445938FA9BF8D3241AF888" box="[1348,1367,1802,1824]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="female"></specimenCount>
], gall, recorded host:
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<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FEBFF8F020B5F897" box="[352,504,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Salix purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
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, not located at
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<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C445938FCE1F8F022CFF897" box="[830,898,1833,1855]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Zürich</collectingRegion>
or University of
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C445938FBE9F8F02530F897" box="[1078,1149,1833,1855]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Zürich</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C445938FB57F8F3200DF8F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188969" country="Switzerland" location="Zurich" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zurich" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C445938FB57F8F325F7F897" box="[1160,1210,1834,1855]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C445938FAC2F8F024D5F897" box="[1309,1432,1833,1855]" name="Switzerland" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, near
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C445938FF26F891200DF8F6" box="[249,320,1864,1886]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Zurich</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C445938FF48F8B120B1F8D4" authority=": Konow (1890)" authorityName=": Konow" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,508,1894,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F8B1201AF8D5" box="[151,343,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Pontania vesicator</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C445938FEBBF8BE20B1F8D4" author="Konow" box="[356,508,1894,1916]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refString="Konow, F. W. (1890) Catalogus Tenthredinidarum Europae. (Hymenopterorum XVI familiae.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1890 (2), 241 - 255." type="journal article" year="1890">Konow (1890)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C445938FF48F85F23D0F833" blockId="99.[151,1436,1802,2008]" box="[151,669,1925,1947]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C445938FF48F85F23D7F833" authority=": Zinovjev (1985)" authorityName="Zinovjev" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,666,1925,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator" subGenus="Eupontania">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F85F21B9F833" box="[151,244,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Pontania</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FEDDF85F2035F833" box="[258,376,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Eupontania</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FE58F85F20A9F833" box="[391,484,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">vesicator</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C445938FE2EF85C23D7F833" author="Zinovjev" box="[497,666,1925,1947]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refString="Zinovjev, A. G. (1985) K sistematike pilil'shhikov roda Pontania O. Costa (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Podrod Eupontania subg. n. [On the taxonomy of the sawfly genus Pontania O. Costa (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Subgenus Eupontania subg. n.]. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, 132, 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="1985">Zinovjev (1985)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C445938FF48F87C23B6F812" blockId="99.[151,1436,1802,2008]" box="[151,763,1956,1978]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C445938FF48F87C23BAF812" authority=": Viitasaari &amp; Vikberg (1985)" authorityName=": Viitasaari &amp; Vikberg" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,759,1956,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator" subGenus="Pontania">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F87C21B9F812" box="[151,244,1957,1978]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Pontania</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FEDDF87C2012F812" box="[258,351,1957,1978]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Pontania</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FEB1F87C2087F812" box="[366,458,1957,1978]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">vesicator</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C445938FE07F87D23BAF812" author="Viitasaari" box="[472,759,1956,1978]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" refString="Viitasaari, M. &amp; Vikberg, V. (1985) A checklist of the sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of Finland. Notulae Entomologicae, 65, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1985">Viitasaari &amp; Vikberg (1985)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C445938FF48F81A23F7F870" blockId="99.[151,1436,1802,2008]" box="[151,698,1986,2008]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C445938FF48F81A23FBF870" authority=": Zhelochovtsev (1988)" authorityName="Zhelochovtsev" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,694,1986,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator" subGenus="Pontania">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF48F81A21BDF870" box="[151,240,1987,2008]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Nematus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FF21F81A2016F870" box="[254,347,1987,2008]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Pontania</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C445938FEB5F81A208AF870" box="[362,455,1987,2008]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">vesicator</emphasis>
: Zhelochovtsev (1988)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FF4023D6FF06" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" box="[151,667,152,174]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FF4023DAFF06" authority=": Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev (2006)" authorityName="Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,663,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Eupontania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FF40203DFF06" box="[151,368,153,174]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Eupontania vesicator</emphasis>
: Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev (2006)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FF602342FF66" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" box="[151,527,182,207]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FF602346FF66" authority=": Prous et al. (2014)" authorityName="Prous et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[151,523,182,207]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Euura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FF602074FF66" box="[151,313,185,206]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Euura vesicator</emphasis>
: Prous
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE59FF6E20F2FF67" box="[390,447,182,207]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FF0023C8FE83" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0003035C43593FFF48FF0023C8FE83" infered="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FF002377FF46" authority="Brischke, 1850: 409" authorityName="Brischke" authorityPageNumber="409" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,570,216,238]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helicinus">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FF00201AFF46" box="[151,343,216,238]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nematus helicinus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFEBDFF012377FF46" author="Brischke" box="[354,570,216,238]" page="409" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1850">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFEBDFF012349FF46" author="Brischke" box="[354,516,216,238]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Brischke, C. G. A. (1850) Nematus helicinus Dahlb. n. sp. Entomologische Zeitung, 11 (12), 409 - 411." type="journal article" year="1850">Brischke, 1850</bibRefCitation>
: 409
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
410. Described: ♀, ♂, larva, gall, recorded host:
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFB81FF0125B4FF46" baseAuthorityName="Kopelke" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1118,1273,216,238]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFB81FF0125B4FF46" box="[1118,1273,216,238]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Salix purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lectotype, ♂, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE85FF2F234AFEA4" author="Kopelke" box="[346,519,246,268]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Kopelke, J. - P. (1989 a) Der taxonomische Status von Pontania crassipes (Thomson 1871) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 69 (1 - 3), 29 - 39." type="journal article" year="1989" yearSuffix="a">Kopelke (1989a)</bibRefCitation>
, MZLU [not examined]. Type locality:? Danzig [see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFBF4FF2F2587FEA4" author="Kopelke" box="[1067,1226,246,268]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Kopelke, J. - P. (1989 a) Der taxonomische Status von Pontania crassipes (Thomson 1871) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 69 (1 - 3), 29 - 39." type="journal article" year="1989" yearSuffix="a">Kopelke 1989a</bibRefCitation>
]. Note: author of the species name sometimes given as Dahlbom.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FEEC22D7FEC0" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C43593FFF48FEEC22D7FEC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188965" country="Germany" location="Konow" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0003035C43593FFF48FEEC22D7FEC0" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FEEC230EFEE2" authority="Forster, 1854 a: 289" authorityName="Frst. A. Forster" authorityPageNumber="289" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,579,308,330]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptocerus">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FEEC202BFEE2" box="[151,358,308,330]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nematus leptocerus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFEAEFEEC230EFEE2" author="Forster" box="[369,579,308,330]" page="289" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1854">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFEAEFEEC2341FEE2" author="Forster" box="[369,524,308,330]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Forster, A. (1854 a) Neue Blattwespen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereines der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Neue Folge, 1, 265 - 350, pls. IV - VII." type="journal article" year="1854" yearSuffix="a">Förster, 1854a</bibRefCitation>
: 289
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
291. Described:
<specimenCount id="9D16EFA45C43593FFCDFFEEC2259FEE2" box="[768,788,309,330]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="female"></specimenCount>
.
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFCFAFEEC22C0FEE2" box="[805,909,309,330]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated below.
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFBBBFEEC25DBFEE2" box="[1124,1174,309,330]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C43593FFADEFEED242DFEE2" box="[1281,1376,308,330]" name="Germany" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Germany</collectingCountry>
, near Aachen. Synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFE17FE8A2373FEC0" box="[456,574,339,360]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Euura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE17FE8A2373FEC0" box="[456,574,339,360]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">P. vesicator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFDBBFE8A23B5FEC0" author="Konow" box="[612,760,338,360]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Konow, F. W. (1890) Catalogus Tenthredinidarum Europae. (Hymenopterorum XVI familiae.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1890 (2), 241 - 255." type="journal article" year="1890">
<location id="8ECF72F65C43593FFDBBFE8A23E3FEC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9953B5C44593FFF48F91D2089F926:8ECF72F65C43593FFDBBFE8A23E3FEC0" box="[612,686,339,360]" country="Germany" name="Konow" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Konow</location>
(1890)
</bibRefCitation>
(as
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFCFDFE8B22C7FEC0" box="[802,906,338,360]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">leptoceros</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FEAB2268FDAA" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C43593FFF48FEAB2268FDAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188943" collectionCode="RNHL" collectorName="Snellen van Vollenhoven" country="Netherlands" location="Thomas" municipality="Kriechbaumer" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0003035C43593FFF48FEAB2268FDAA" infered="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FEAB23BBFE2F" authority="Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1871: 243" authorityName="Snellen van Vollenhoven" authorityPageNumber="243" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,758,369,391]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugdunensis">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FEAB203FFE2F" box="[151,370,369,391]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nematus lugdunensis</emphasis>
Snellen van
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFE22FEA823BBFE2F" author="Vollenhoven" box="[509,758,369,391]" page="243" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1871">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE22FEA8238FFE2F" author="Vollenhoven" box="[509,706,369,391]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Snellen van Vollenhoven, S. C. (1871) De inlandsche bladwespen in hare gedaantewisseling en levenswijze beschreven. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 14, 237 - 254, pls. 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1871">Vollenhoven, 1871</bibRefCitation>
: 243
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
248, plate 11. Described:
<specimenCount id="9D16EFA45C43593FFBCFFEAB256EFE2F" box="[1040,1059,370,391]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="female"></specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16EFA45C43593FFBECFEAB2505FE2F" box="[1075,1096,370,391]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="male"></specimenCount>
, larva, gall, recorded host:
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFAB6FEA82069FE0E" baseAuthorityName="Kopelke" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFAB6FEA82069FE0E" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Salix purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFEEBFE4820D1FE0E" box="[308,412,401,422]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16EFA45C43593FFE76FE4820F3FE0E" box="[425,446,401,422]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="male"></specimenCount>
, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFDBCFE492249FE0E" author="Thomas" box="[611,772,400,422]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Thomas, P. L. L. (1987) An annotated catalogue of primary types of Symphyta (Hymenoptera) in the Netherlands. Zoologische Mededelingen, 61 (5), 61 - 78." type="journal article" year="1987">
<location id="8ECF72F65C43593FFDBCFE4923F8FE0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9953B5C44593FFF48F91D2089F926:8ECF72F65C43593FFDBCFE4923F8FE0E" box="[611,693,400,422]" country="Netherlands" municipality="Kriechbaumer" name="Thomas" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Thomas</location>
(1987)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="ED01BCE85C43593FFCCEFE48221BFE0E" box="[785,854,401,422]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">RNHL</collectionCode>
[not examined].
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFBD3FE482573FE0E" box="[1036,1086,401,422]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C43593FFB7BFE49246CFE0E" box="[1188,1313,400,422]" name="Netherlands" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
, Noordwijk near Leiden. Synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFE27FE69233DFE6D" box="[504,624,432,453]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Euura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE27FE69233DFE6D" box="[504,624,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">P. vesicator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFD47FE7722D3FE6C" author="Kriechbaumer" box="[664,926,430,452]" page="20" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFD47FE7722D3FE6C" author="Kriechbaumer" box="[664,926,430,452]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Kriechbaumer, J. (1877) Ueber einige neuere hymenopterologische Schriften. Entomologische Nachrichten (Herausgegeben von F. Katter), 3 (2), 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="1877">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBBE575C43593FFD47FE772264FE6C" box="[664,809,430,452]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Kriechbaumer</collectingMunicipality>
(1877: 20)
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, who also pointed out that the galls illustrated by
<collectorName id="26E541FB5C43593FFF18FE14208EFE4B" box="[199,451,461,483]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Snellen van Vollenhoven</collectorName>
are of
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFDD5FE1723CFFE4B" box="[522,642,462,483]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Euura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFDD5FE1723CFFE4B" box="[522,642,462,483]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">E. vesicator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFD6CFE17226EFE4B" box="[691,803,462,483]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFD6CFE17226EFE4B" box="[691,803,462,483]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">E. proxima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<collectorName id="26E541FB5C43593FFC48FE1425DEFE4B" box="[919,1171,461,483]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
Snellen van
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFBCBFE1425DEFE4B" author="Vollenhoven" box="[1044,1171,461,483]" page="244" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1871">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFBCBFE1425DEFE4B" author="Vollenhoven" box="[1044,1171,461,483]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Snellen van Vollenhoven, S. C. (1871) De inlandsche bladwespen in hare gedaantewisseling en levenswijze beschreven. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 14, 237 - 254, pls. 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1871">Vollenhoven</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</collectorName>
(1871: 244) wrote that all the adults that he reared were from the galls
<collectedFrom id="380C67D05C43593FFD56FE342252FDAA" box="[649,799,492,514]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFD76FE352252FDAA" baseAuthorityName="Kopelke" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[681,799,492,514]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFD76FE352252FDAA" box="[681,799,492,514]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">S. purpurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FDD2240FFD97" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0003035C43593FFF48FDD2240FFD97" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FDD223EAFD88" authority="Brischke, 1883 a: 173" authorityName="Brischke" authorityPageNumber="173" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,679,522,544]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="vesicator" variety="minor">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FDD2201EFD88" box="[151,339,523,544]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nematus vesicator</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE58FDD2208EFD88" box="[391,451,523,544]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">minor</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1023C5C43593FFE15FDD323EAFD88" author="Brischke" box="[458,679,522,544]" page="173" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" year="1883">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE15FDD3233EFD88" author="Brischke" box="[458,627,522,544]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Brischke, C. G. A. (1883 a) Beobachtungen uber die Arten der Blatt- und Holzwespen von C. G. A. Brischke, Hauptlehrer a. D. in Langfuhr und Dr. Gustav Zaddach Professor in Konigsberg, mitgeteilt von Brischke aus Zaddach's Manuscripten. Schriften der physikalisch-okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, 23, 127 - 200, Tafel I (7). [1882]" type="journal article" year="1883" yearSuffix="a">Brischke, 1883a</bibRefCitation>
: 173
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Described: ♀, ♂. Infrasubspecific and therefore unavailable name (ICZN 1999: 45.6.1): Brischke explicitly mentions that the name refers to small-sized individuals obtained from rearing.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FD902048FDD4" blockId="100.[151,1436,152,636]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF48FD90201AFDF6" authorityName=": Viitasaari &amp; Vikberg" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,343,585,606]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FD90201AFDF6" box="[151,343,585,606]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Pontania vesicator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ab.
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFE5DFD912338FDF6" authority="Saarinen, 1945" authorityName="Saarinen" authorityYear="1945" box="[386,629,584,606]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE5DFD912099FDF6" box="[386,468,584,606]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">borealis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE05FD912338FDF6" author="Saarinen" box="[474,629,584,606]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Saarinen, A. (1945) Pontania vesicator Bremi ab. borealis n. ab., eine neue Tenthredinidenaberration (Hym.) aus Finnland. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 11 (3), 194 - 195." type="journal article" year="1945">Saarinen, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Described: ♀. Infrasubspecific (ICZN: 1999: 45.6.2) and therefore unavailable name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF48FD70230FFCFA" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C43593FFF48FD70230FFCFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188929" collectionCode="ETH" collectorName="R. Eastwood &amp; B. Oberholzer &amp; G. Bachli" county="Although" location="Weidengallen" municipality="Schulthess Collection" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Zurich" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF48FD70234EFD6A" bold="true" box="[151,515,681,706]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
Notes on
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFED5FD702005FD6A" box="[266,328,681,706]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">types</typeStatus>
and taxonomy.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFDD3FD7323D9FD69" authorityName=": Viitasaari &amp; Vikberg" authorityYear="1985" box="[524,660,682,705]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFDD3FD7323D9FD69" box="[524,660,682,705]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">N. vesicator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At our request,
<collectorName id="26E541FB5C43593FFC86FD7322A4FD6A" box="[857,1001,681,706]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">R. Eastwood</collectorName>
tried to find potential
<typeStatus id="54AB9A8F5C43593FFB2FFD73241FFD6A" box="[1264,1362,682,706]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in the
<collectionCode id="ED01BCE85C43593FFF48FD17219CFD4D" box="[151,209,718,741]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h54f-yj1d" name="Kultursammlungen der Eidgenosische Technische Hochschule" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">ETH</collectionCode>
.
<collectingCounty id="62CE5CA15C43593FFF01FD142005FD4E" box="[222,328,717,742]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Although</collectingCounty>
three or four historical specimens exist in the
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBBE575C43593FFCB9FD142512FD4E" box="[870,1119,717,742]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Schulthess Collection</collectingMunicipality>
, labelled as from
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFAEEFD142431FD4E" box="[1329,1404,717,742]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Zürich</collectingRegion>
or nearby and &quot;
<location id="8ECF72F65C43593FFEFEFD28208CFCA2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9953B5C44593FFF48F91D2089F926:8ECF72F65C43593FFEFEFD28208CFCA2" box="[289,449,753,778]" county="Although" municipality="Schulthess Collection" name="Weidengallen" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" stateProvince="Zurich">Weidengallen</location>
&quot; [so probably reared], it is not possible to link these specimens in any way to Bremi. We were also informed (
<collectorName id="26E541FB5C43593FFE4FFCCF2379FC86" box="[400,564,789,814]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">B. Oberholzer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E541FB5C43593FFDBCFCCF2399FC86" box="[611,724,789,814]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">G. Bächli</collectorName>
: personal communications) that no
<location id="8ECF72F65C43593FFBA1FCCC2589FC86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9953B5C44593FFF48F91D2089F926:8ECF72F65C43593FFBA1FCCC2589FC86" box="[1150,1220,789,814]" county="Although" municipality="Schulthess Collection" name="Bremi" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" stateProvince="Zurich">Bremi</location>
material is in the University of
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFEEDFCE02030FCFA" box="[306,381,825,850]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Zürich</collectingRegion>
insect collection.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A77A65C43593FFF18FC872273FA56" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18FC87236DFB82" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFF18FC872013FCDE" authorityName="Frst. A. Forster" authorityYear="1854" box="[199,350,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptocerus">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF18FC872013FCDE" box="[199,350,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">N. leptocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lectotype and two female paralectotypes were labelled as such by J.-P. Kopelke, but the designation was never published. Lectotype, ♀, hereby designated, ZSM; labels &quot;Cotype&quot; [red, printed], &quot;[illegible]&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFEEBFC7F2380FC15" authority="Frst. A. Forster" authorityName="Frst. A. Forster" authorityYear="1854" box="[308,717,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptocerus">Nematus leptocerus Frst. A. Förster</taxonomicName>
det. ♀&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFC9EFC7C22EBFC16" box="[833,934,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pontania</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFC13FC7C25ACFC15" authority="Bremi Konow." authorityName="Bremi Konow." box="[972,1249,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">vesicator Bremi Konow.</taxonomicName>
det.
<materialsCitation id="3B782E705C43593FFAC9FC7C2084FC4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1657188928" location="Br" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Br">
&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFAEAFC7F20D6FC4A" authority="Br. O. Conde" authorityName="Br. O. Conde" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">
Nematus vesicator
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFEDBFC13206FFC49" box="[260,290,970,993]" country="Turkey" name="Bolu" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Br</collectingRegion>
. O. Conde
</taxonomicName>
det
</materialsCitation>
. 1932&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFDEFFC1023D8FC4A" box="[560,661,969,994]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pontania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pontania</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFD64FC1022A5FC4A" authority="(Bremi) Kopelke" authorityName="(Bremi) Kopelke" box="[699,1000,969,994]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesicator">vesicator (Bremi) Kopelke</taxonomicName>
det. 1990&quot;, &quot;Lectotypus
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFADAFC132189FBAD" authority="For." authorityName="Frst. A. Forster" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Nematus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptocerus">N. leptocerus För.</taxonomicName>
det. Kopelke&quot; [red], &quot;GBIF-GISHym3332&quot;. Paralectotypes, ♀: labelling similar, but &quot;GBIF-GISHym21293&quot; and &quot;GBIF-GISHym21294&quot;, ZSM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18FBEC22E7FBE6" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" box="[199,938,1077,1102]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF18FBEC2000FBE6" bold="true" box="[199,333,1077,1102]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Variability.</emphasis>
Female: Body length: 3.0
<quantity id="4CE889C85C43593FFDA1FBEC239DFBE5" box="[638,720,1077,1102]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2mm</quantity>
. Male:
<quantity id="4CE889C85C43593FFCFCFBEC22EAFBE6" box="[803,935,1077,1102]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="4.6" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="3.6">3.65.6mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18FB8024D1FAE2" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
Both Zaddach (in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE47FB802307FBDA" author="Brischke" box="[408,586,1113,1138]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Brischke, C. G. A. (1883 a) Beobachtungen uber die Arten der Blatt- und Holzwespen von C. G. A. Brischke, Hauptlehrer a. D. in Langfuhr und Dr. Gustav Zaddach Professor in Konigsberg, mitgeteilt von Brischke aus Zaddach's Manuscripten. Schriften der physikalisch-okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, 23, 127 - 200, Tafel I (7). [1882]" type="journal article" year="1883" yearSuffix="a">Brischke 1883a</bibRefCitation>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFD52FB80220FFBDA" author="Saarinen" box="[653,834,1113,1138]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Saarinen, A. (1945) Pontania vesicator Bremi ab. borealis n. ab., eine neue Tenthredinidenaberration (Hym.) aus Finnland. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 11 (3), 194 - 195." type="journal article" year="1945">Saarinen (1945)</bibRefCitation>
described individuals obtained by rearing, that were not only significantly smaller than normally sized ones, but also very much darker. This variability does not form a continuum. Female: the very small specimens have the pronotum only narrowly margined with pale (normally largely pale) and the abdomen except for terga 910 completely black (normally all sterna and terga (1)310 entirely pale). Furthermore, the normally completely pale femora are partly infuscate in the dwarf individuals. Male: small individuals do not differ from larger ones so strongly as in the female. The femora are more extensively black and sternum 9 can be black instead of the normal pale. Total number of specimens examined: 37.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18FA8C201CFA3A" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF18FA8C2025FAC6" bold="true" box="[199,360,1365,1390]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Genetic data.</emphasis>
The nearest neighbouring barcode of a European taxon is that of
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFBB8FA8F25B6FAC6" authorityName=": Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev" authorityYear="2006" box="[1127,1275,1365,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Eupontania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulator">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFBB8FA8F25B6FAC6" box="[1127,1275,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">E. pustulator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with approx. 3.8% difference.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18FA442273FA56" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF18FA442007FA1E" bold="true" box="[199,330,1437,1462]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Bionomics.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFE86FA4720C3FA1D" box="[345,398,1438,1461]" country="Afghanistan" name="Khost" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Host</collectingRegion>
plants:
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFE29FA442220FA1E" authority="(Kopelke 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Kopelke" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[502,877,1437,1462]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFE29FA4423E9FA1D" box="[502,676,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Salix purpurea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFD65FA44222BFA1E" author="Kopelke" box="[698,870,1437,1462]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Kopelke, J. - P. (1999) Gallenerzeugende Blattwespen Europas - Taxonomische Grundlagen, Biologie und Okologie (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae: Euura, Phyllocolpa, Pontania). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 212, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1999">Kopelke 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFC5FFA472526FA1D" box="[896,1131,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">S. × superpurpurea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFB5DFA47246DFA1E" author="Benes" box="[1154,1312,1437,1462]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Benes, K. (2015 a) Czech species of the gall-making sawflies of the genera Phyllocolpa, Tubpontania and Pontania (Hymenoptera, Nematinae). Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae, 100 (1), 137 - 156." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">Beneš 2015a</bibRefCitation>
). Biology:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFF48FA18201DFA72" author="Kopelke" box="[151,336,1473,1498]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Kopelke, J. - P. (1985) Uber die Biologie und Parasiten der gallenbildenden Blattwespenarten Pontania dolichura (Thoms. 1871), P. vesicator (Bremi 1849) und P. viminalis (L. 1758) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Faunistisch-okologische Mitteilungen, 5 (11 / 12), 331 - 344." type="journal article" year="1985">Kopelke (1985)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFEBCFA1B2355FA72" author="Magnus" box="[355,536,1474,1498]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Magnus, W. (1914) Die Entstehung der Pflanzengallen verursacht durch Hymenopteren. G. Fischer, Jena, 160 pp., 4 pls." type="book" year="1914">Magnus (1914)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFDF4FA182383FA72" author="Niklas" box="[555,718,1473,1498]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Niklas, O. F. (1955) Untersuchungen zur Okologie der Weidengallen-Blattwespen Nematus [Pontania] proximus Lepeletier und N. vesicator Bremi. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 5, 129 - 152." type="journal article" year="1955">Niklas (1955)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFD3EFA1B22DDFA72" author="Staeger" box="[737,912,1474,1498]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Staeger, R. (1919) Aus dem Leben der Larve von Pontania vesicator Bremi. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 27, 333 - 346." type="journal article" year="1919">Staeger (1919)</bibRefCitation>
. Normally bivoltine (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFB4BFA182465FA72" author="Niklas" box="[1172,1320,1473,1498]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Niklas, O. F. (1955) Untersuchungen zur Okologie der Weidengallen-Blattwespen Nematus [Pontania] proximus Lepeletier und N. vesicator Bremi. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 5, 129 - 152." type="journal article" year="1955">Niklas 1955</bibRefCitation>
), even in southern
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C43593FFF21FA3C201AFA56" box="[254,343,1509,1534]" name="Finland" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Finland</collectingCountry>
, in some years (Vikberg &amp; Zinovjev 2006).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A77A65C43593FFF18F9D02089F926" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAF242D5C43593FFF18F9D02089F926" blockId="100.[151,1437,681,1678]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFF18F9D0202DF98A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1545,1570]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</emphasis>
South, Central and North Europe north to
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C43593FFC92F9D022EFF98A" box="[845,930,1545,1570]" name="Finland" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Finland</collectingCountry>
(Helsinki, on planted
<taxonomicName id="4C105FAE5C43593FFB7BF9D3219FF9EE" authority=": Saarinen 1945" authorityName=": Saarinen" authorityYear="1945" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
<emphasis id="B964F83F5C43593FFB7BF9D32464F989" box="[1188,1321,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">S. purpurea</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFAE5F9D0219FF9EE" author="Saarinen" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Saarinen, A. (1945) Pontania vesicator Bremi ab. borealis n. ab., eine neue Tenthredinidenaberration (Hym.) aus Finnland. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 11 (3), 194 - 195." type="journal article" year="1945">Saarinen 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
),? Caucasus (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFEA4F9F423BBF9EE" author="Zhelochovtsev" box="[379,758,1581,1606]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Zhelochovtsev, A. N. &amp; Zinovjev, A. G. (1995) Spisok pilil'shhikov i rogohvostov (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) fauny Rossii i sopredel'nyh territorij. I. [A list of the sawflies and horntails (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of the fauna of Russia and adjacent territories. I.]. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie, 74 (2), 395 - 415. [in Russian, abstract in English]" type="journal article" year="1995">Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995</bibRefCitation>
), Yakutia (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFCAAF9F72549F9EE" author="Popov" box="[885,1028,1582,1606]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Popov, A. A. (2011) Synopsis of dendro-tamnobiotic sawflies of the family Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of Yakutia. Trudy Russkogo jentomologicheskogo obshhestva, 82, 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2011">Popov 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Occurrence in
<collectingCountry id="F30764BD5C43593FFB1AF9F4246FF9EE" box="[1221,1314,1581,1606]" name="Sweden" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Sweden</collectingCountry>
: published records;
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFF20F988200EF9C2" box="[255,323,1617,1642]" country="Sweden" name="Skane" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Skåne</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFE85F988235FF9C2" author="Benander" box="[346,530,1617,1642]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Benander, P. (1966) Kullabergs Vaxtsteklar. Kullabergs Natur, 11, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1966">Benander 1966</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFDF3F98823C8F9C2" box="[556,645,1617,1642]" country="Sweden" name="Halland" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Halland</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFD44F9882213F9C2" author="Andersson" box="[667,862,1617,1642]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Andersson, H. (1955) Hallandska zoocecidier. Opuscula Entomologica, 20, 132 - 148." type="journal article" year="1955">Andersson 1955</bibRefCitation>
), Västergötland (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8159DC5C43593FFBF0F98824C1F9C2" author="Coulianos" box="[1071,1420,1617,1642]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refString="Coulianos, C. - C. &amp; Holmasen, I. (1991) Galler: en falthandbok om gallbildningar pa vilda och odlade vaxter. Interpublishing, Stockholm, 317 pp." type="book" year="1991">Coulianos &amp; Holmåsen 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Material examined:
<collectingRegion id="49D4EACF5C43593FFEA7F9AC208DF926" box="[376,448,1653,1678]" country="Sweden" name="Skane" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Skåne</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>