895 lines
107 KiB
XML
895 lines
107 KiB
XML
<document id="BFE47A83407E893244D1C4A5E3619753" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5298722" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5298722" ID-ZooBank="D1FF3534-A1C8-4B2B-ACDF-69F31ED12BC0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630090563152" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Stejskal, Robert, Trnka, Filip & Skuhrovec, JiĜí" docDate="2014" docId="039C0A0FFFFDFFE1FEB0FB90EE40F9CB" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2014.54.1.337-354.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="346" masterDocId="FFA57277FFFEFFE8FFD8FFCBED1DFFDD" masterDocTitle="Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)" masterLastPageNumber="354" masterPageNumber="337" pageNumber="340" updateTime="1699142182381" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="46F089F1E138C31DF0E56F72EF27B27A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0400CFE9D75845E3B67BEDDEC2F82AB6">
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<mods:title id="DA63A961DB25F411497825F5F796DFBC">Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="53F2B87A5B370A6BD58C4B88752182E7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5574BDAEC6CE39AB33EE03CB5D9285B3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="238384442B7DFA6FF9B6CCB8863888A4">Stejskal, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D881D096AC6C14D51880BD05D0B97F05">Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Mendel University in Brno, ZemČdČlská 1, CZ- 613 00 Brno, & Administration of Podyji National Park, Na Vyhlídce 5, CZ- 669 02 Znojmo, Czech Republic; e-mail: rstejskal @ centrum. cz</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D1AE6C30D188A67C0EA1655BF2AB566B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FD0EEBEE7A26C9AEFB6DF656B916D4FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="20D4B1D656CE8A82AFD230F3AE8BEA55">Trnka, Filip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2756564F514BBC94E35937EDA4DB1463">Department of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, TĜ. Svobody 26, CZ- 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; e-mail: ¿ lip. trnka 88 @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="83AA20FFBD3A509CB8E57E9646B850A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6257C48578B0E55530A469C1EF0AD8A6">Skuhrovec, JiĜí</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="922516578458EF9086C9EED7EA2E1878">Group Function of invertebrate and plant biodiversity in agro-ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, CZ- 161 06 Praha 6 - RuzynČ, Czech Republic; e-mail: jirislavskuhrovec @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2E7AF8FF80B8C41948EDEFCAC34BA6FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="292A1B346618FE92CE3D85EF51DD596E">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="C2D29E3933FCC3C8E3A82385D7561B5F">
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<mods:date id="5AFDD21C8C918030F38DAEE98D459FF0">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3D962BA9B588F0F4140020DB4492BC46">2014-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6C7A379898B433DFADDBE965A7F256C0">54</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BC51C94D9BA86C49C9AE764ABC5BF4F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5298722</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6AB62E56C8F6A6A5AE5D926F660A67E2" type="ISSN">0374-1036</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3D997B937EF4DCB4D1388FE2B5773998" type="Zenodo-Dep">5298722</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039C0A0FFFFDFFE1FEB0FB90EE40F9CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C0A0FFFFDFFE1FEB0FB90EE40F9CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039C0A0FFFFDFFE1FEB0FB90EE40F9CB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
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<subSubSection id="C32FE892FFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EE54FBAF" box="[360,841,1115,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EE54FBAF" blockId="3.[360,841,1115,1138]" box="[360,841,1115,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
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<heading id="D0C20C75FFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EE54FBAF" bold="true" box="[360,841,1115,1138]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EE54FBAF" ID-CoL="XMBQ" authority="(Goeze, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[360,841,1115,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EE54FBAF" bold="true" box="[360,841,1115,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFEB0FB90EFB4FBAF" bold="true" box="[360,681,1115,1138]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Goeze, 1777)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32FE892FFFDFFEBFFA9FB43EDE9FB36" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFDFFEBFFA9FB43EDE9FB36" blockId="3.[113,1089,1160,1259]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFFA9FB43EC84FB46" bold="true" box="[113,409,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F322FB89FFFDFFEBFEFFFB43EC88FB46" box="[295,405,1160,1179]" name="Romania" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">ROMANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sfânta Elena:
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFDCCFB43EF7AFB46" box="[532,615,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-05-24">24.v.2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFDADFB43EFACFB46" box="[629,689,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFD66FB43EE08FB46" box="[702,789,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-07-04">4.vii.2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFCFAFB43EE40FB46" box="[802,861,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFCBDFB43EE82FB46" box="[869,927,1160,1179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
) (all F. Trnka leg.),
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFFA9FB68EDDFFB6B" box="[113,194,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2012-06-07">7.vi.2012</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFF09FB68EC12FB6B" box="[209,271,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFEC7FB68EC9DFB6B" box="[287,384,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2012-07-10">10.vii.2012</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFE48FB68ECD4FB6B" box="[400,457,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
reared, partly damaged),
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFD72FB68EFE2FB6B" box="[682,767,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-05-19">19.v.2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFCD4FB68EE48FB6B" box="[780,853,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFCBDFB68EEA6FB6B" box="[869,955,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-07-07">7.vii.2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFC13FB68E919FB6B" box="[971,1028,1187,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
reared from larva from
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFF24FB75EC2BFB0C" box="[252,310,1214,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-05">v.2013</date>
|
||
(partly dried-up)) (all
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2423DCFFFDFFEBFE2BFB75EF19FB0C" box="[499,516,1214,1233]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Stejskal leg.).
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFD5CFB75EFE7FB0C" bold="true" box="[644,762,1214,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F322FB89FFFDFFEBFD5CFB75EFEBFB0C" box="[644,758,1214,1233]" name="Slovakia" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">SLOVAKIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dolné Zelenice,
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFFDFFEBFC52FB75EEF8FB0C" box="[906,997,1214,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" value="2013-06-16">16.vi.2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFFDFFEBFC28FB75E92AFB0C" box="[1008,1079,1214,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2423DCFFFDFFEBFFA9FB13ED9FFB36" box="[113,130,1240,1259]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Stejskal leg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32FE892FFFDFFE1FFA9FACFEE40F9CB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFDFFEBFFA9FACFEE1FFAE6" blockId="3.[113,1089,1284,1627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFFA9FACFEF52FAC6" bold="true" box="[113,591,1284,1307]" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
Description of mature larva.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFE1BFACFEF52FAC6" bold="true" box="[451,591,1284,1307]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Head light brown or brown. All thoracic and abdominal segments white (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFFDFFEBFE44FAEFECEEFAE6" box="[412,499,1316,1339]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[161,1116,219,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,219,1463]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Immature stages and feeding marks of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777). A – mature larva; B – earthen cell with mature larva; C – pupa (removed from the earthen cell); D – opening of larval tunnel in the soil; E – opening of the larval tunnel and feeding marks; F – detail of larval feeding marks." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298732/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cuticle ¿nely spiculate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFDFFEDFF48FA8FEFA3FA25" blockId="3.[113,1089,1284,1627]" lastBlockId="5.[112,1088,1441,1592]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFF48FA8FECF4FA86" bold="true" box="[144,489,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Head capsule and mouth parts.</emphasis>
|
||
Head width:
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFFDFFEBFDA3FA8FEFE6FA86" box="[635,763,1348,1371]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFFDFFEBFC94FA8FEEBFFA86" box="[844,930,1348,1371]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
), suboval, flattened laterally, endocarinal line absent. Frontal sutures on head distinct, Y-shaped, extended to stemmata. Single stemma (st), in the form of a dark pigmented spot, located on each side anterolaterlly.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFED2FA6FEC5CFA66" box="[266,321,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Des1</emphasis>
|
||
near to frontal suture,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFDE8FA6FEF7CFA66" box="[560,609,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des2</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFD4BFA6FEFDEFA66" box="[659,707,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des3</emphasis>
|
||
located in the central part of epicranium,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFF6EFA0FEDFAFA06" box="[182,231,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des4</emphasis>
|
||
located anterially near to frontal suture,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFD41FA0FEFD7FA06" box="[665,714,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des5</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFC14FA0FE909FA06" box="[972,1044,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des1-2</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFFA9FA2FEDA5FA26" box="[113,184,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des4-5</emphasis>
|
||
long, equal in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFE72FA2FECC6FA26" box="[426,475,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des3</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFFDFFEBFD7DFA2FEFE6FA26" box="[677,763,1508,1531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFCD7FA2FEE2BFA26" box="[783,822,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Fs1</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFCB3FA2FEE96FA26" box="[875,907,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs2</emphasis>
|
||
placed medially,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFFA9F9CFED8CF9C6" box="[113,145,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs3</emphasis>
|
||
located anteriomedially,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFE44F9CFECA6F9C6" box="[412,443,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs4</emphasis>
|
||
located anteriolaterally, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFD35F9CFEE11F9C6" box="[749,780,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs5</emphasis>
|
||
located laterally, close to the epistoma; all setae relatively long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFE03F9EFECE7F9E6" box="[475,506,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs3</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFDF2F9EFEF54F9E6" box="[554,585,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">fs4</emphasis>
|
||
shorter than the remaining three setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFFDFFEBFC39F9EFE929F9E6" box="[993,1076,1572,1595]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFFA9F98FEDA2F986" box="[113,191,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">Les1–2</emphasis>
|
||
as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFEEAF98FEC7EF986" box="[306,355,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des1</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFE45F98FECFAF986" box="[413,487,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">ves1–2</emphasis>
|
||
as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFDFFEBFD83F98FEF96F986" box="[603,651,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="340">des3</emphasis>
|
||
. Epicranial area without pores. Antennae located at the end of the frontal suture on each side, membranous and slightly convex basal article bearing conical triangular sensorium, relatively long; basal membranous article with 3 sensillae different in both shape and length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFFBFFEDFD84FA2AEFADFA25" box="[604,688,1505,1528]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4AEB91FFFAFFECFF4FFA08EE20F986" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="341" startId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" targetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFAFFECFF4FFA08EE20F986" blockId="4.[151,1127,1475,1627]" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">
|
||
Fig. 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFFAFFECFF08FA08EF5EFA0B" authority="(Goeze, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[208,579,1475,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="341" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFF08FA08ECD8FA0B" box="[208,453,1475,1494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Goeze, 1777)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFB92FA08E97BFA0B" box="[1098,1126,1475,1494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">des</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsal epicranial seta(e),
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFEA1FA16EC9AFA2D" box="[377,391,1501,1520]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">fs</emphasis>
|
||
– frontal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFE37FA16EF1AFA2D" box="[495,519,1501,1520]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">les</emphasis>
|
||
– lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFE59FA33ECBEF9D6" box="[385,419,1528,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">dms</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsal malae s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFDE2FA33EF46F9D6" box="[570,603,1528,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">vms</emphasis>
|
||
– ventral malae s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFD22FA33EE3BF9D6" box="[762,806,1528,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
– maxillary palps s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFC0DFA33EEEAF9D6" box="[981,1015,1528,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
– basiventral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFF68F9D8EDD4F9FB" box="[176,201,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
– palpiferal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFE89F9D8EC6FF9FB" box="[337,370,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">stps</emphasis>
|
||
– stipal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFE0EF9D8ECE7F9FB" box="[470,506,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">plbs</emphasis>
|
||
– prelabial s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFDA2F9D8EFBBF9FB" box="[634,678,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">pslbs</emphasis>
|
||
– postlabial s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFCF7F9D8EE53F9FB" box="[815,846,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
– ligular s.); C – right mandible (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFF46F9E6EDDDF99D" box="[158,192,1581,1600]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">mds</emphasis>
|
||
– mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFD14F9E6EFF9F99D" box="[716,740,1581,1600]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">cls</emphasis>
|
||
– clypeal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFC8CF9E6EE67F99D" box="[852,890,1581,1600]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">lrms</emphasis>
|
||
– labral s.); F – epipharynx (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFF46F983EDDDF986" box="[158,192,1608,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">ams</emphasis>
|
||
– anteromedial s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFEBBF983EC61F986" box="[355,380,1608,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">als</emphasis>
|
||
– anteriolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFAFFECFDC7F983EF5DF986" box="[543,576,1608,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="341">mes</emphasis>
|
||
– median s., lr – labral rods).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF4AEB91FFFBFFEDFFA9FB13E90FFA88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="342" startId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" targetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFBFFEDFFA9FB13E90FFA88" blockId="5.[113,1089,1240,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">
|
||
Fig.2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFFBFFEDFF72FB13EF0AFB36" authority="(Goeze, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[170,535,1240,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFF72FB13EC81FB36" box="[170,412,1240,1259]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Goeze, 1777)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFF6CFAC6EDC7FAFD" box="[180,218,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">prns</emphasis>
|
||
– pronotal seta(e),
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFEA0FAC6EC8EFAFD" box="[376,403,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">prs</emphasis>
|
||
– prodorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFDD7FAC6EF31FAFD" box="[527,556,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">pds</emphasis>
|
||
– postdorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFD69FAC6EFD9FAFD" box="[689,708,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">as</emphasis>
|
||
– alar s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFCC8FAC6EE3CFAFD" box="[784,801,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">ss</emphasis>
|
||
– spiracular s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFC79FAC6EED9FAFD" box="[929,964,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">dpls</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsopleural s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFF51FAE3EDB6FAE6" box="[137,171,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">vpls</emphasis>
|
||
– ventropleural s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFE94FAE3EC71FAE6" box="[332,364,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">pda</emphasis>
|
||
– pedal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFE11FAE3ECFFFAE6" box="[457,482,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">dls</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFDAEFAE3EF8FFAE6" box="[630,658,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
– laterosternal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFCF3FAE3EE4CFAE6" box="[811,849,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">msts</emphasis>
|
||
– mesosternal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFC3EFAE3EEE4FAE6" box="[998,1017,1320,1339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">ds</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFF52FA89ED85FA88" box="[138,152,1346,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">ls</emphasis>
|
||
– lateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFED8FA89EC0AFA88" box="[256,279,1346,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">sts</emphasis>
|
||
– sternal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFE5BFA89EC8CFA88" box="[387,401,1346,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">ts</emphasis>
|
||
– terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFFBFFEEFF57F9CAECF5FCEE" blockId="5.[112,1088,1441,1592]" lastBlockId="6.[150,1128,220,1587]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="343" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFFBFFEDFF2BF9CAEC5EF9C5" box="[243,323,1537,1560]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 2 times as wide as long, with 3 pairs of hairform
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFBD0F9CAE925F9C5" box="[1032,1080,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lrms</emphasis>
|
||
, of different length;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFE93F9EAEC94F9E5" box="[331,393,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lrms3</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFE1AF9EAEF1DF9E5" box="[450,512,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lrms1</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFCDCF9EAEE5FF9E5" box="[772,834,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lrms2</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFFBFFEDFC8BF9EAEE8DF9E5" box="[851,912,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="342">lrms1</emphasis>
|
||
placed close to the margin with clypeus,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE70FF17ECFBFF2E" box="[424,486,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">lrms2</emphasis>
|
||
located anteriomedially and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFCF8FF17EE43FF2E" box="[800,862,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">lrms3</emphasis>
|
||
located anteriolaterally; anterior margin double sinuate. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFD8FFF37EFBAFECE" box="[599,679,252,275]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
) approx. 2.5 times as wide as long with 2 relatively short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEE5FED7EC46FEEE" box="[317,347,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">cls</emphasis>
|
||
, unequal in length, localized posteriolaterally; anterior margin rounded to the inside; median part covered by thorn-shaped cuticular processes. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFBD7FEF7E943FE8E" box="[1039,1118,316,339]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 4 pairs of blunt, ¿nger-like
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE2CFE97EF09FEAE" box="[500,532,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">als</emphasis>
|
||
, of almost equal length; 2 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC51FE97EEA9FEAE" box="[905,948,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ams</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC1AFE97EEE6FEAE" box="[962,1019,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ams1</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEC5FEB7EC4AFE4E" box="[285,343,380,403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ams2</emphasis>
|
||
; 2 pairs of short, blunt
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD88FEB7EF67FE4E" box="[592,634,380,403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods (lr) elongated, converging anterially. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFE95FE57EC83FE6E" box="[333,414,412,435]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
) relatively broad, bi¿d, tooth of unequal height; slightly truncate;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF4FFE77EDDFFE0E" box="[151,194,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">mds</emphasis>
|
||
relatively long, hairform. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFD95FE77EFBDFE0E" box="[589,672,444,467]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC9EFE77EE6DFE0E" box="[838,880,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC4DFE77EEA8FE0E" box="[917,949,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFBD9FE77E931FE0E" box="[1025,1068,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFBE4FE77E97BFE0E" box="[1084,1126,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">stps</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF1EFE17EC17FE2E" box="[198,266,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pfs1-2</emphasis>
|
||
long, equal in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDD8FE17EF36FE2E" box="[512,555,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
very short; mala with 6 bacilliform
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC60FE17EEFEFE2E" box="[952,995,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dms</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEDCFE37EC33FDCE" box="[260,302,508,531]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vms</emphasis>
|
||
short, almost equal in length;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD54FE37EFABFDCE" box="[652,694,508,531]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vms</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC67FE37EEF7FDCE" box="[959,1002,508,531]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dms</emphasis>
|
||
. Maxillary palpi with two palpomeres; basal palpomere with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD03FDD7EE0EFDEE" box="[731,787,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
and two pores; length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres: 1:0.7; distal palpomere with one pore and a group of conical, cuticular apical processes. Praelabium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFD8DFD97EFB6FDAE" box="[597,683,604,627]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) heart-shaped and distinctly elongated, with 1 pair of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEE1FDB7EC7BFD4E" box="[313,358,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">plbs</emphasis>
|
||
; ligula with sinuate margin and 3 pairs of hairform micro
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC2DFDB7E901FD4E" box="[1013,1052,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
, equal in length; premental sclerite well visible. Labial palpi with two palpomeres; length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres: 1:0.6; distal palpomere with one pore and short, cuticular apical processes; basal palpomere with 1 dorsal pore. Postlabium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFCADFD17EED4FD2E" box="[885,969,732,755]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1475,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1061,226,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[201,1077,219,1451]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298724/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFBF0FD17E97DFD2E" box="[1064,1120,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pslbs</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF4FFD37EDC0FCCE" box="[151,221,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pslbs1</emphasis>
|
||
located anterially, remaining two pairs laterally; different in length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC6EFD37EEE1FCCE" box="[950,1020,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pslbs3</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEF8FCD7EC7BFCEE" box="[288,358,796,819]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pslbs1</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE43FCD7ECFCFCEE" box="[411,481,796,819]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pslbs2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF8FFEEFF6DFCF7EE11FBAE" blockId="6.[150,1128,220,1587]" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF6DFCF7ECACFC8E" bold="true" box="[181,433,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Thorax and abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length: 11.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFF8FFEEFD4AFCF7EFE9FC8E" box="[658,756,828,851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="6" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="13.5">13.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean 12.0 mm) stocky, slightly curved, rounded in cross section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFE2CFC97EF55FCAE" box="[500,584,860,883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The widest place in the body (abdominal segments V–VI) measuring up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFF8FFEEFE47FCB7ECEBFC4E" box="[415,502,892,915]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Prothorax distinctly smaller than meso- and metathorax. Metathorax and abdominal segments I–III of almost equal length, next abdominal segments increasing gradually to abdominal segments V–VI (the largest) and then decreasing to the terminal parts of the body. Abdominal segment X reduced to four anal lobes of unequal size, the dorsal being distinctly the largest, the lateral pair equal in size, and the ventral lobe very small. Anus located terminally. Spiracles (9 pairs) bicameral, the ¿rst placed between the pro- and mesothorax (see Material and methods), the abdominal spiracles located laterally, close to the anterior margin of abdominal segments I–VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF8FFEEFF4FFBB7EE87F9EE" blockId="6.[150,1128,220,1587]" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF4FFBB7ECC7FB4E" bold="true" box="[151,474,1148,1171]" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Chaetotaxy of mature larva.</emphasis>
|
||
Slightly reduced, but in some parts with more than the most frequent number of setae in weevils (e.g., meso- and metathorax with 2(3)
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC43FB57EEDDFB6E" box="[923,960,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, and abdominal segments I-VII with 5
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE53FB77ECADFB0E" box="[395,432,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds</emphasis>
|
||
; the state in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF8FFEEFDE3FB77EFEAFB0E" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[571,759,1212,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="343" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDE3FB77EFEAFB0E" box="[571,759,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">C. nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see below). Setae thin, long, light yellow or orange.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE82FB17ECACFB2E" bold="true" box="[346,433,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFDE8FB17EF9FFB2E" box="[560,642,1244,1267]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 10
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD31FB17EE05FB2E" box="[745,792,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">prns</emphasis>
|
||
unequal in length, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC22FB17E938FB2E" box="[1018,1061,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vpls</emphasis>
|
||
and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF4FFB37EDDBFACE" box="[151,198,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">msts</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFE87FB37ECB2FACE" box="[351,431,1276,1299]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDDCFB37EF3BFACE" box="[516,550,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">prs</emphasis>
|
||
, 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD9CFB37EF74FACE" box="[580,617,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDA0FB37EFB7FACE" box="[632,682,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds2</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than the three remaining setae), 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEB8FAD7EC65FAEE" box="[352,376,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE17FAD7ECF9FAEE" box="[463,484,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ss</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDD9FAD7EF30FAEE" box="[513,557,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dpls</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD93FAD7EF6BFAEE" box="[587,630,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vpls</emphasis>
|
||
of different length and 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC6BFAD7EEFFFAEE" box="[947,994,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">msts</emphasis>
|
||
. Chaetotaxy of metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFEE0FAF7EC94FA8E" box="[312,393,1340,1363]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) identical to mesothoracal. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well separated, with 6-8
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEBBFA97EC96FAAE" box="[355,395,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pda</emphasis>
|
||
unequal in length.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD88FA97EFA2FAAE" bold="true" box="[592,703,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I-VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFC32FA97E942FAAE" box="[1002,1119,1372,1395]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Figs 2C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF3AFAB7EC19FA4E" box="[226,260,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">prs</emphasis>
|
||
, 6
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEFEFAB7EC56FA4E" box="[294,331,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE82FAB7EC91FA4E" box="[346,396,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE42FAB7ECD1FA4E" box="[410,460,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds3</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDD9FAB7EF29FA4E" box="[513,564,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds5</emphasis>
|
||
very short), 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD09FAB7EFEDFA4E" box="[721,752,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dls</emphasis>
|
||
, 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC5CFAB7EE84FA4E" box="[900,921,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ss</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC63FAB7EEFAFA4E" box="[955,999,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dpls</emphasis>
|
||
of different length, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF26FA57EC34FA6E" box="[254,297,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vpls</emphasis>
|
||
, 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE1AFA57ECFBFA6E" box="[450,486,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
and 1 micro
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDAFFA57EFBBFA6E" box="[631,678,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">msts</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFC0AFA57E93AFA6E" box="[978,1063,1436,1459]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF74FA77EDD3FA0E" box="[172,206,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">prs</emphasis>
|
||
, 3 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFEBCFA77EC94FA0E" box="[356,393,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDC7FA77EF29FA0E" box="[543,564,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ss</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFD8FFA77EF9EFA0E" box="[599,643,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">dpls</emphasis>
|
||
of different length, 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC75FA77EEC5FA0E" box="[941,984,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">vpls</emphasis>
|
||
, 1 very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF4FFA17EDA6FA2E" box="[151,187,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
and 1 micro
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE93FA17EC67FA2E" box="[331,378,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">msts</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFD4BFA17EFFAFA2E" box="[659,743,1500,1523]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC9BFA17EE46FA2E" box="[835,859,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ds</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFCB3FA17EE8DFA2E" box="[875,912,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ds2</emphasis>
|
||
relatively long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFB99FA17E97BFA2E" box="[1089,1126,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ds1</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFF1CFA37EDF4F9CE" box="[196,233,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ds3</emphasis>
|
||
microsetae); 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFE1EFA37ECC5F9CE" box="[454,472,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ls</emphasis>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFDC5FA37EF24F9CE" box="[541,569,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">sts</emphasis>
|
||
of different length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFCD6FA37EE25F9CE" box="[782,824,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">sts1</emphasis>
|
||
very short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFC6CFA37EEC0F9CE" box="[948,989,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">sts2</emphasis>
|
||
microsetae). Each anal lobe on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF8FFEEFD8DF9D7EFB5F9EE" box="[597,680,1564,1587]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[113,144,1240,1259]" captionTargetBox="[119,1086,221,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[113,1088,219,1223]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig.2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298726/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 microseta (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF8FFEEFCA0F9D7EE97F9EE" box="[888,906,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="343">ts</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4AEB91FFF9FFEFFFA9FA74EFFFF9FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298728" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5298728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298728/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="344" startId="7.[113,144,1471,1490]" targetBox="[198,1007,226,1422]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF9FFEFFFA9FA74EFFFF9FF" blockId="7.[113,1089,1471,1570]" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Fig. 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF9FFEFFF69FA74EF33FA0F" authority="(Goeze, 1777)" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[177,558,1471,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="344" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFF69FA74ECB7FA0F" box="[177,426,1471,1490]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Goeze, 1777)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa habitus: A – ventral view, B – dorsal view, C – lateral view (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFF70FA11EDA7FA30" box="[168,186,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">vs</emphasis>
|
||
– vertical seta(e),
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFE82FA11EC68FA30" box="[346,373,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">sos</emphasis>
|
||
– superorbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFDC8FA11EF3EFA30" box="[528,547,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">os</emphasis>
|
||
– orbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFD48FA11EFB3FA30" box="[656,686,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">pas</emphasis>
|
||
– postantennal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFC97FA11EE7DFA30" box="[847,864,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">rs</emphasis>
|
||
– rostral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFC13FA11EEC3FA30" box="[971,990,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">as</emphasis>
|
||
– apical s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFFA9FA3FED62F9DA" box="[113,127,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">ls</emphasis>
|
||
– lateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFF30FA3FEDE6F9DA" box="[232,251,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">ds</emphasis>
|
||
– discal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFEB8FA3FEC64F9DA" box="[352,377,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">pls</emphasis>
|
||
– posterolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFDF9FA3FEF24F9DA" box="[545,569,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">fes</emphasis>
|
||
– femoral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFD76FA3FEFA4F9DA" box="[686,697,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">d</emphasis>
|
||
– dorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFCF8FA3FEE3BF9DA" box="[800,806,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">l</emphasis>
|
||
– lateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF9FFEFFC57FA3FEE85F9DA" box="[911,920,1524,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="344">v</emphasis>
|
||
– ventral s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thotacic and abdominal segment; pc – pseudocerci).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF6FFE0FF4FFF17EDC0FD8E" blockId="8.[151,1128,220,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF4FFF17EF08FF2E" bold="true" box="[151,533,220,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
Description of pupa.
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE56FF17EF08FF2E" bold="true" box="[398,533,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Morphology</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF6FFE0FDFEFF17EFBDFF2E" box="[550,672,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,144,1471,1490]" captionTargetBox="[198,1007,226,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-14@7.[187,1013,216,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), pupa habitus: A – ventral view, B – dorsal view, C – lateral view (vs – vertical seta(e), sos – superorbital s., os – orbital s., pas – postantennal s., rs – rostral s., as – apical s., ls – lateral s., ds – discal s., pls – posterolateral s., fes – femoral s., d – dorsal s., l – lateral s., v – ventral s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thotacic and abdominal segment; pc – pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298728/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF6FFE0FD76FF17EFCCFF2E" box="[686,721,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1486,1505]" captionTargetBox="[161,1116,219,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,219,1463]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Immature stages and feeding marks of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777). A – mature larva; B – earthen cell with mature larva; C – pupa (removed from the earthen cell); D – opening of larval tunnel in the soil; E – opening of the larval tunnel and feeding marks; F – detail of larval feeding marks." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298732/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length: 11.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFF6FFE0FC61FF17E901FF2E" box="[953,1052,220,243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="11.6">11.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, at the widest region:
|
||
<quantity id="4CCD16FCFFF6FFE0FEEEFF37ECA7FECE" box="[310,442,252,275]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The widest place in the body is commonly between the apex of the meso- or metafemora. Body stocky, elongated, white or yellowish. Cuticle smooth. Rostrum relatively short, approximately 1.8 times as long as wide, extended beyond procoxae. Antennae relatively long and stout. Pronotum almost 1.7 times as wide as long. Mesonotum and metanotum of almost equal length. Abdominal segments I–V of almost equal length; abdominal segment VI semicircular, next abdominal segments diminish gradually to the end of the body. Abdominal segments VII–IX distinctly smaller than other abdominal segments. Gonotheca (abdominal segment IX) of all
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D337090FFF6FFE0FDBCFE17EE0CFE2E" box="[612,785,476,499]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
divided. Sexual dimorphism in weevils is visible mainly in the length of rostrum and in the structure of abdominal segment IX: gonotheca of ƃ undivided, of Ƃ divided (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FDA8FDD7EE7DFDEE" author="GOSIK R. & SPRICK P." box="[624,864,540,563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="39 - 57" refId="ref8467" refString="GOSIK R. & SPRICK P. 2012 a: Morphology and identi? cation of the pupae of seven species of the genus Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Otiorhynchini). Zootaxa 3483: 39 - 57." type="journal article" year="2012">GOSIK & SPRICK 2012a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,b, 2013;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FC66FDD7EDCCFD8E" author="GOSIK R. & WANAT M." pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="159 - 172" refId="ref8592" refString="GOSIK R. & WANAT M. 2014: Descriptions of immature stages of the weevil Lixus punctiventris Boheman, 1835 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Lixini). Zootaxa 3754 (2): 159 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">GOSIK & WANAT 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF6FFE0FF6DFD97E934FD2E" blockId="8.[151,1128,220,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF6DFD97EC2CFDAE" bold="true" box="[181,305,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130EA79CFFF6FFE0FEE7FD97ECA4FDAE" box="[319,441,604,627]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,144,1471,1490]" captionTargetBox="[198,1007,226,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-14@7.[187,1013,216,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), pupa habitus: A – ventral view, B – dorsal view, C – lateral view (vs – vertical seta(e), sos – superorbital s., os – orbital s., pas – postantennal s., rs – rostral s., as – apical s., ls – lateral s., ds – discal s., pls – posterolateral s., fes – femoral s., d – dorsal s., l – lateral s., v – ventral s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thotacic and abdominal segment; pc – pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5298728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5298728/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae relatively long, unequal in length, light yellow or orange, some setae on abdominal segments II–VIII distinctly get stronger and located on protuberances. Setae well visible. Head capsule includes 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FD60FD57EFD3FD6E" box="[696,718,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FD36FD57EE0DFD6E" box="[750,784,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">sos</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FCE9FD57EE54FD6E" box="[817,841,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">os</emphasis>
|
||
and 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC57FD57EEA9FD6E" box="[911,948,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF4FFD77EDB1FD0E" box="[151,172,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">rs</emphasis>
|
||
, located on the anterior margin. Setae on head capsule and rostrum straight,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC0AFD77EEFAFD0E" box="[978,999,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">rs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FBC1FD77E97AFD0E" box="[1049,1127,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">pas1–3</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly shorter than the remaining setae on head, thoracic and abdominal segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF6FFE0FF6DFD37EE52FBAE" blockId="8.[151,1128,220,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
Pronotum with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FEA9FD37EC94FCCE" box="[369,393,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE73FD37ECDEFCCE" box="[427,451,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE3DFD37ECEAFCCE" box="[485,503,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">ls</emphasis>
|
||
and 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FD99FD37EF7DFCCE" box="[577,608,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">pls</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal parts of mesothorax with 1 pair of setae located posteromedially and 5 pairs located along its anterior margin. Chaetotaxy of metathorax identical to mesothoracal. Each apex of femora with groups of 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC99FCF7EE42FC8E" box="[833,863,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal parts of abdominal segments I–VIII each with 2 pairs of setae located posteriorly (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC81FC97EE6EFCAE" box="[857,883,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC58FC97EE86FCAE" box="[896,923,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d9</emphasis>
|
||
) and 7 pairs (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FBF5FC97E943FCAE" box="[1069,1118,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d2-8</emphasis>
|
||
) located along theirs anterior margins. Seta
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FD87FCB7EF67FC4E" box="[607,634,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d4</emphasis>
|
||
(on abdominal segment II) and setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FBD3FCB7E921FC4E" box="[1035,1084,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d2-5</emphasis>
|
||
(on abdominal segments III–VII) short, thorn-like, located on protuberances. Remaining setae long, hair-like. Abdominal segments I–VII with groups of 2 lateral setae and 4 pairs of ventral setae. Dorsal part of abdominal segment VIII with 2 pairs of setae located posteriorlly (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FB9DFC17E97DFC2E" box="[1093,1120,988,1011]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF4FFC37EDAFFBCE" box="[151,178,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d9</emphasis>
|
||
) and 3 pairs (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE99FC37EC9FFBCE" box="[321,386,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d2, d3</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE6DFC37ECCDFBCE" box="[437,464,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d8</emphasis>
|
||
) located along its anterior margin;
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FC98FC37EE63FBCE" box="[832,894,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">d2-–3</emphasis>
|
||
thorn-like, located on protuberances; remaining setae elongated. Abdominal segment VIII with groups of 2 lateral setae and 3 pairs of short ventral setae. Abdominal segment IX with 2 pairs of ventral microsetae and 1 pair of short, thin setae. Pseudocerci short, triangular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF6FFE1FF4FFB40EC68FB2B" blockId="8.[151,1127,1163,1570]" lastBlockId="9.[115,1091,1215,1558]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF4FFB40EF9CFB7F" bold="true" box="[151,641,1163,1186]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
Comparison with larvae of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FDC2FB40EF61FB7F" authorityName="Schonherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[538,636,1163,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleonini">Cleonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of three cleonine taxa have been described so far (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FEF6FB60ECABFB1F" author="SCHERF H." box="[302,438,1195,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FE1EFB60EFE1FB1F" authority="(Scopoli, 1763)" baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[454,764,1195,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleonis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE1EFB60EF49FB1F" box="[454,596,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Cleonis pigra</emphasis>
|
||
(Scopoli, 1763)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FCDCFB60EDCBFB3F" authority="(Gmelin, 1790)" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyphocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dealbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FCDCFB60E919FB1F" box="[772,1028,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Cyphocleonus dealbatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Gmelin, 1790)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FEDDFB00EFB4FB3F" authority="(Panzer, 1789))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[261,681,1227,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyphocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FEDDFB00ECE5FB3F" box="[261,504,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Cyphocleonus tigrinus</emphasis>
|
||
(Panzer, 1789))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FD28FB00E97AFB3F" authority="(Germar, 1824)" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[752,1127,1227,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FD28FB00EEA5FB3F" box="[752,952,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Pachycerus segnis</emphasis>
|
||
(Germar, 1824)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FF67FB20EF22FADF" authority="Brulle, 1832" authorityName="Brulle" authorityYear="1832" box="[191,575,1259,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FF67FB20ECB0FADF" box="[191,429,1259,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Pachycerus scabrosus</emphasis>
|
||
Brullé, 1832
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but identi¿cation is probaly incorrect, see below). The comparison of the larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FE3FFAC0EE01FAFF" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[487,796,1291,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FE3FFAC0EE01FAFF" box="[487,796,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with those decribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FBC3FAC0EDC2FA9F" author="SCHERF H." pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is somewhat problematic due to the use of differing terminology for morphology and chaetotaxy and/or an absence of good quality drawings. Despite these problems, we were able to compare the morphology of all four taxa (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B78EA2FFF6FFE0FD46FAA0EFF0FA5F" box="[670,749,1387,1410]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[113,160,220,239]" captionText="Table 1. Differential diagnosis of mature larvae and pupae of 4 species from the tribe Cleonini." pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). However, the identity of the larva described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FEF9FA40ECFAFA7F" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[289,487,1419,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FEF9FA40ECFAFA7F" box="[289,487,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Pachycerus segnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FDD7FA40EFB5FA7F" author="SCHERF H." box="[527,680,1419,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is unclear and it likely represents a genus other than
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FED3FA60EC92FA1F" box="[267,399,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FED3FA60EC96FA1F" box="[267,395,1451,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachycerus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
According to extensive surveys by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FCC9FA60EEC8FA1F" author="BRUN L. A. & SHEPPARD A. W. & CARRARA A." box="[785,981,1451,1474]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="537 - 539" refId="ref7974" refString="BRUN L. A., SHEPPARD A. W. & CARRARA A. 1993: Host range of Pachycerus cordiger (= P. scabrosus) (Col.: Curculionidae). Entomophaga 38: 537 - 539." type="journal article" year="1993">BRUN et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
conducted in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F322FB89FFF6FFE0FF4FFA00EDFFFA3F" box="[151,226,1483,1506]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F322FB89FFF6FFE0FF37FA00EC26FA3F" box="[239,315,1483,1506]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F322FB89FFF6FFE0FEA9FA00ECA3FA3F" box="[369,446,1483,1506]" name="Turkey" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
, larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF6FFE0FDEAFA00EF8CFA3F" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[562,657,1483,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF6FFE0FDEAFA00EF8CFA3F" box="[562,657,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="345">P. segnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were always found within earthen cells attached to the taproot, but not in gall-like swellings as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FCE6FA20EEC5F9DF" author="SCHERF H." box="[830,984,1515,1538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Descriptions by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF6FFE0FF60F9C0EC4CF9FF" author="SCHERF H." box="[184,337,1547,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="345" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
perfectly ¿t the larval development of some species of the cleonine genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FFABFB74EC2FFB0B" box="[115,306,1215,1238]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Rhabdorrhnychus</emphasis>
|
||
, which takes place in a root gall-like swelling (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FCFCFB74EEC6FB0B" author="DIECKMANN L." box="[804,987,1215,1238]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="257 - 381" refId="ref8062" refString="DIECKMANN L. 1983: Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Coleoptera - Curculionidae (Tanymecinae, Leoptopiinae, Cleoninae, Tanyrhynchinae, Cossoninae, Raymondionyminae, Bagoinae, Tanysphyrinae). Beitrage zur Entomologie 33: 257 - 381." type="journal article" year="1983">DIECKMANN 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, STEJSKAL & TRNKA, unpubl. data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4AEB91FFF7FFE1FFA9FF17EE81FF32" box="[113,924,220,239]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" startId="9.[113,160,220,239]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF7FFE1FFA9FF17EE81FF32" blockId="9.[113,924,220,239]" box="[113,924,220,239]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Table 1. Differential diagnosis of mature larvae and pupae of 4 species from the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FC94FF17EE85FF32" authorityName="Schonherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[844,920,220,239]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleonini">Cleonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF7FFE1FE7CFEC6EEE4FC03" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<table id="F93549B9FFF70017FFA1FEC6E92EFC25" box="[121,1075,269,1016]" gridcols="5" gridrows="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FEC6E92EFE8B" box="[121,1075,269,342]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FEC6EF3CFE8B" box="[415,545,269,342]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FE7CFEC6EF3CFEE6" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FE7CFEC6EF3CFEE6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFEC6EFD4FE8B" box="[594,713,269,342]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FD8AFEC6EFD4FEFD" box="[594,713,269,288]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleonis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FD8AFEC6EFD4FEFD" bold="true" box="[594,713,269,288]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Cleonis nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FEC6EE64FE8B" box="[765,889,269,342]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FD25FEC6EE7BFEE6" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[765,889,269,315]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyphocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dealbatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FD25FEC6EE7BFEE6" bold="true" box="[765,889,269,315]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Cyphocleonus dealbatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FEC6E92EFE8B" box="[928,1075,269,342]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC6BFEC6EEA7FEFD" bold="true" box="[947,954,269,288]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">‘</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FC62FEC6E938FE8B" authority="' sensu SCHERF (1964)" authorityName="SCHERF" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC62FEC6EEF8FE89" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC62FEC6EEEAFEE6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Pachycerus scabrosus</emphasis>
|
||
’ sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FC7DFE88EEF8FE89" author="SCHERF H." box="[933,997,323,342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC7DFE88EEF8FE89" bold="true" box="[933,997,323,342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">SCHERF</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC33FE88E938FE8B" bold="true" box="[1003,1061,323,342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">(1964)</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FBFDFE88E933FE8B" bold="true" box="[1061,1070,323,342]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">*</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FEAEE92EFEA5" box="[121,1075,357,376]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FEAEE92EFEA5" box="[121,1075,357,376]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FFA1FEAEEDACFEA5" bold="true" box="[121,177,357,376]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FE4CE92EFE47" box="[121,1075,391,410]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FE4CEC60FE47" box="[121,381,391,410]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Endocarina</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FE4CEF3CFE47" box="[415,545,391,410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFE4CEFD4FE47" box="[594,713,391,410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">present</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FE4CEE64FE47" box="[765,889,391,410]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FE4CE92EFE47" box="[928,1075,391,410]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">absent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FE62E92EFE61" box="[121,1075,425,444]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FE62EC60FE61" box="[121,381,425,444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Number of stemmata</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FE62EF3CFE61" box="[415,545,425,444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFE62EFD4FE61" box="[594,713,425,444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FE62EE64FE61" box="[765,889,425,444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FE62E92EFE61" box="[928,1075,425,444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FE00E92EFE03" box="[121,1075,459,478]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FE00EC60FE03" box="[121,381,459,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FE00EDEAFE03" box="[219,247,459,478]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">des</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FE00EF3CFE03" box="[415,545,459,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFE00EFD4FE03" box="[594,713,459,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FE00EE64FE03" box="[765,889,459,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FE00E92EFE03" box="[928,1075,459,478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FE26E92EFDDD" box="[121,1075,493,512]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FE26EC60FDDD" box="[121,381,493,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FE26EDF4FDDD" box="[219,233,493,512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">fs</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FE26EF3CFDDD" box="[415,545,493,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFE26EFD4FDDD" box="[594,713,493,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FE26EE64FDDD" box="[765,889,493,512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FE26E92EFDDD" box="[928,1075,493,512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FDC4E92EFDFF" box="[121,1075,527,546]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FDC4EC60FDFF" box="[121,381,527,546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FDC4EDEEFDFF" box="[219,243,527,546]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">les</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FDC4EF3CFDFF" box="[415,545,527,546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFDC4EFD4FDFF" box="[594,713,527,546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">not presented</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FDC4EE64FDFF" box="[765,889,527,546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FDC4E92EFDFF" box="[928,1075,527,546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FDFAE92EFD99" box="[121,1075,561,580]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FDFAEC60FD99" box="[121,381,561,580]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FDFAEDEBFD99" box="[219,246,561,580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">ves</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FDFAEF3CFD99" box="[415,545,561,580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFDFAEFD4FD99" box="[594,713,561,580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">not presented</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FDFAEE64FD99" box="[765,889,561,580]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">not presented</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FDFAE92EFD99" box="[928,1075,561,580]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">not presented</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FD98E92EFDBB" box="[121,1075,595,614]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FD98EC60FDBB" box="[121,381,595,614]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FD98EDEEFDBB" box="[219,243,595,614]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">cls</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FD98EF3CFDBB" box="[415,545,595,614]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFD98EFD4FDBB" box="[594,713,595,614]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FD98EE64FDBB" box="[765,889,595,614]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FD98E92EFDBB" box="[928,1075,595,614]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FDBEE92EFD55" box="[121,1075,629,648]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FDBEEC60FD55" box="[121,381,629,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Position of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FDBEEC3FFD55" box="[219,290,629,648]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">lrms1–3</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FDBEEF3CFD55" box="[415,545,629,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">in a triangle</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFDBEEFD4FD55" box="[594,713,629,648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">in a triangle</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FDBEEE64FD55" box="[765,889,629,648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">in a triangle</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FDBEE92EFD55" box="[928,1075,629,648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">in a line</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FD5CE92EFD77" box="[121,1075,663,682]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FD5CEC60FD77" box="[121,381,663,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FD5CEDE9FD77" box="[219,244,663,682]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">als</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FD5CEF3CFD77" box="[415,545,663,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFD5CEFD4FD77" box="[594,713,663,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FD5CEE64FD77" box="[765,889,663,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FD5CE92EFD77" box="[928,1075,663,682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FD72E92EFD11" box="[121,1075,697,716]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FD72EC60FD11" box="[121,381,697,716]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FD72EDE0FD11" box="[219,253,697,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">mds</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FD72EF3CFD11" box="[415,545,697,716]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFD72EFD4FD11" box="[594,713,697,716]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FD72EE64FD11" box="[765,889,697,716]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FD72E92EFD11" box="[928,1075,697,716]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FD10E92EFD33" box="[121,1075,731,750]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FD10EC60FD33" box="[121,381,731,750]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FD10EDE7FD33" box="[219,250,731,750]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FD10EF3CFD33" box="[415,545,731,750]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFD10EFD4FD33" box="[594,713,731,750]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FD10EE64FD33" box="[765,889,731,750]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FD10E92EFD33" box="[928,1075,731,750]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FD36E92EFC9B" box="[121,1075,765,838]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FD36EC60FC9B" box="[121,381,765,838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FD36EDE0FCCD" box="[219,253,765,784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FCD0EDE4FCF3" box="[219,249,795,814]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">pds</emphasis>
|
||
on abominal segments I–VII
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FD36EF3CFC9B" box="[415,545,765,838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1 6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFD36EFD4FC9B" box="[594,713,765,838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">0 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FD36EE64FC9B" box="[765,889,765,838]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1 not presented</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FD36E92EFC9B" box="[928,1075,765,838]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">1 5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FC9EE92EFCB5" box="[121,1075,853,872]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FC9EEC60FCB5" box="[121,381,853,872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FFA1FC9EEDB5FCB5" bold="true" box="[121,168,853,872]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FCB8E92EFC43" box="[121,1075,883,926]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FCB8EC60FC43" box="[121,381,883,926]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Number of setae on mesonotum</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FCB8EF3CFC43" box="[415,545,883,926]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFCB8EFD4FC43" box="[594,713,883,926]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FCB8EE64FC43" box="[765,889,883,926]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FCB8E92EFC43" box="[928,1075,883,926]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3505B95BFFF70017FFA1FC66E92EFC25" box="[121,1075,941,1016]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<th id="76D4D027FFF70017FFA1FC66EC60FC25" box="[121,381,941,1016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
Number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF03FC66EDEEFC1D" box="[219,243,941,960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">fes</emphasis>
|
||
Number of setae on dorsum of abdominal segments I–VII
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FE47FC66EF3CFC25" box="[415,545,941,1016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">3 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD8AFC66EFD4FC25" box="[594,713,941,1016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">2 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FD25FC66EE64FC25" box="[765,889,941,1016]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">unknown unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="76D4D027FFF70017FC78FC66E92EFC25" box="[928,1075,941,1016]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">not presented 5–7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8ABB19FFF7FFE1FF4AFB34EE40F9CB" blockId="9.[115,1091,1215,1558]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FF4AFB34EC13FACB" author="MAY B. M." box="[146,270,1279,1302]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" refId="ref9131" refString="MAY B. M. 1993: Fauna of New Zealand, 28. Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand, 226 pp." type="book" year="1993">MAY (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the increased number of
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FD51FB34EFB3FACB" box="[649,686,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">pds</emphasis>
|
||
on meso- and metathorax and abdominal segments I–VII and the increased number of epipharyngeal lining setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FC78FAD4EEA2FAEB" box="[928,959,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">als</emphasis>
|
||
) (i.e. higher than the most frequent number of setae in weevils [for details see Chaetotaxy of mature larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FF48FA94EC51FAAB" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[144,332,1375,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coniocleonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosuturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FF48FA94EC51FAAB" box="[144,332,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">C. nigrosuturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FE8DFA94EC43FAAB" bold="true" box="[341,350,1375,1398]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">)</emphasis>
|
||
as diagnostic for the mature larva of the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FC50FA94EEC0FAAB" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1823" box="[904,989,1375,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lixinae">Lixinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Descriptions of mature larvae from the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FE28FAB4EF2CFA4B" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1823" box="[496,561,1407,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lixini">Lixini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FDE7FAB4EFFAFA4B" box="[575,743,1407,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Larinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FDE7FAB4EF8FFA4B" box="[575,658,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Larinus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FD28FAB4E91DFA4B" author="GOSIK R. & SKUHROVEC J." box="[752,1024,1407,1430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref8433" refString="GOSIK R. & SKUHROVEC J. 2011: Descriptions of mature larvae and pupae of the genus Larinus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Lixinae). Zootaxa 3019: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2011">GOSIK & SKUHROVEC 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FBD1FAB4EDD9FA6B" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lixus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FBD1FAB4E95EFA4B" box="[1033,1091,1407,1430]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Lixus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FF17FA54EC47FA6B" author="SCHERF H." box="[207,346,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref9540" refString="SCHERF H. 1964: Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 506: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHERF 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FEBEFA54ECCBFA6B" author="MAY B. M." box="[358,470,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="533 - 535" refId="ref9170" refString="MAY B. M. 1994: An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea, subfamily Bagoinae. Pp. 533 - 535. In: ZIMMERMAN E. C. (ed.): Australian weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Volume 2. CSIRO, Melbourne, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
<date id="FF8B9DD9FFF7FFE1FEBEFA54ECCBFA6B" box="[358,470,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" value="1994-05">MAY 1994</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FE3AFA54EF9EFA6B" author="NIKULINA O. N." box="[482,643,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="183 - 195" refId="ref9323" refString="NIKULINA O. N. 2001: Larval morphology of the weevil genus Lixus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from Middle Asia. Entomological Review 81: 809 - 823. [Original text published in Russian in Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 80 (10): 183 - 195]." type="journal article" year="2001">NIKULINA 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FD56FA54EFDBFA6B" author="NIKULINA O. N." box="[654,710,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="1086 - 1092" refId="ref9373" refString="NIKULINA O. N. 2007: New data on larvae of weevils of the genus Lixus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from Central Asia. Entomological Review 87: 750 - 756. [Original text published in Russian in Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal 86 (9): 1086 - 1092]." type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FD0AFA54EEE5FA6B" author="NIKULINA O. N. & GULTEKIN L." box="[722,1016,1439,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="253 - 257" refId="ref9426" refString="NIKULINA O. N. & GULTEKIN L. 2011: Larval morphology of Lixus cardui Olivier and Lixus? liformis (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): biological control agents for Scotch and musk thistles. Australian Journal of Entomology 50: 253 - 257." type="journal article" year="2011">NIKULINA & GÜLTEKIN 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FBDCFA54EC07FA0B" author="GOSIK R. & WANAT M." pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="159 - 172" refId="ref8592" refString="GOSIK R. & WANAT M. 2014: Descriptions of immature stages of the weevil Lixus punctiventris Boheman, 1835 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Lixini). Zootaxa 3754 (2): 159 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">GOSIK & WANAT 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FEFDFA74EF64FA0B" authority=": MAY 1994" authorityName="MAY" authorityYear="1994" box="[293,633,1471,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhinocyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B941670BFFF7FFE1FEFDFA74ECE6FA0B" box="[293,507,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Rhinocyllus conicus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA4C6E8FFF7FFE1FDD2FA74EF64FA0B" author="MAY B. M." box="[522,633,1471,1494]" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" pagination="533 - 535" refId="ref9170" refString="MAY B. M. 1994: An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea, subfamily Bagoinae. Pp. 533 - 535. In: ZIMMERMAN E. C. (ed.): Australian weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Volume 2. CSIRO, Melbourne, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">MAY 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ¿t this diagnosis, as do all known species from the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FED5FA14EC74FA2B" authorityName="Schonherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[269,361,1503,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleonini">Cleonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B78EA2FFF7FFE1FE79FA14ECF2FA2B" box="[417,495,1503,1526]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[113,160,220,239]" captionText="Table 1. Differential diagnosis of mature larvae and pupae of 4 species from the tribe Cleonini." pageId="9" pageNumber="346">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The comparison of both tribes is recently not possible because our knowledge of immature stages in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C35C09AFFF7FFE1FDB9FA34EFA0F9CB" authorityName="Schonherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[609,701,1535,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cleonini">Cleonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very scarce.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |