treatments-xml/data/03/87/76/038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF.xml

<document id="893216904AB33D474D3DCECB9D4749AF" ID-CLB-Dataset="263342" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67e7a105-1f62-414a-83d9-f758039eb726" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958937" ID-ZooBank="F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1684793492880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang &amp; Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2023" docId="038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5286.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5286 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFBE0E5B6246FFE32D78B27BFFE75D5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1699506634024" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="500E1BD69953AED7A55AB71C4C49629B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0B528F4D90F20384ED7971277A3D3A70">
<mods:title id="75F5DDBE4538A199912CCBA91732B19E">Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="667061DE041874F4F4197C1B5C355C7E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="64E22C18877D3817291C74427BEAB2C5">
<mods:roleTerm id="971A42E364219F72AD2FABB558502FBA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C2CD83BE24AEDDA26868AD024BEF5A56">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C707628906F628661C9B382E8D48BF5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9989-5830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A787733575314A55C4A50C06AC1FD34D" type="email">shihl@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="435D7D94EC0FAD1E10DCB7DB090280C7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9D6B07257955E264913806E8DA75C071">
<mods:roleTerm id="08F9AA7197BCD7B47D97FACB3EFD2524">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="69AD8FAC3794CC6580C1CA4B1E4F2F9F">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D511CE087AAE1FF3B415C9801CA8ABA0" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9989-5830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD549B857E1F6389855B507D8C2B344A" type="email">shihl@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2DC6868F53238AC76578F76200905062">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="AFCF45FF60B5EAC690CBA42E85FA5E29" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4563E56B47B7B1E7BC6973A91FD4F5D9">
<mods:title id="643834C80BB0A5FCF58E7C3920E78122">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C3446BC9B27741CC8AF1C694221C8515">
<mods:date id="FA33E290C562BE0869CB9D81D9AA8361">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E8F29A861EBD2D26F2C78333D88566DC" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CB76137E36B194CEED2DAFE5406026A8">2023-05-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="64569271B2CFDAB9E8F4FAC1D89CAA79" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B6F0907853F66E37129A734484E301D1">5286</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="601781DA7E40D2BA35E1BE94045AAF30" type="issue">
<mods:number id="BA9A86407F2593216ED681950CA51F85">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="A318DC7C6617B097D2C7BD9F48226572" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DCE92565BC3053462D030B1C7B17F723">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D0209AB7A7BB5E38C5890A8D17C47CC4">144</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="96E3600610B88B150A0B39A2D588B4E4">
<mods:url id="169FFD1E2BA0DDAFDBE5976A73891350">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="2FD8E26E67FE927B37E727D2AB960627">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E599915A20BA2665E71873E87E37BC3A" type="CLB-Dataset">263342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BBC3A3809413B9ADE9D399A26D14DEFD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="71BB756299B4DAB158DC5B29ED2AF199" type="GBIF-Dataset">67e7a105-1f62-414a-83d9-f758039eb726</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AD49A9F54556B8D58A5CE2CC5683EDE0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F8A160424E9DAE862CE9E31DB5E4731" type="Zenodo-Dep">7958937</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2C61E374112CB7BEDC5CA8669D00B2A0" type="ZooBank">F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963743" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209628952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7963743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD12DEFB2ECFCCF5DEB" box="[151,808,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB2ECFCCF5DEB" blockId="50.[151,1124,151,213]" box="[151,808,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DEFB2ECFCCF5DEB" bold="true" box="[151,808,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
[11] 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DB6B2ECFCCF5DEB" ID-CoL="4DKP9" authority="(Schaum, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[206,808,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera" subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DB6B2ECFEC15DEB" bold="true" box="[206,294,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C4FB2ECFE3B5DE8" bold="true" box="[311,476,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C95B2ECFDB85DE8" bold="true" box="[493,607,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">dorsigera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F16B2ECFCF85DEB" author="Schaum, H. R." box="[622,799,151,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="74 - 78" refId="ref112815" refString="Schaum, H. R. (1863) Descriptions of four new genera of Carabidae. The Journal of Entomology, Descriptive and Geographical, 2, 74 - 78." type="journal article" year="1863">Schaum, 1863</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD12DEFB2C0FB835D8F" box="[151,1124,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB2C0FB835D8F" blockId="50.[151,1124,151,213]" box="[151,1124,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Habitus: 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12D85B2C0FE635D8F" box="[253,388,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 27A–F</figureCitation>
. Male genitalia: 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12F46B2C0FD745D8F" box="[574,659,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,645,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-219@53.[151,1436,633,1220]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 28. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Zhejiang. B Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958995/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12FE7B2C0FD595D8F" box="[671,702,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,1340,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-257@53.[151,1436,1328,1916]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 29. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum) from different localities, left-lateral (l) and dorsal (d) views: A Nepal. B India. C Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958997/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">29</figureCitation>
. Gonocoxites of ovipositor: 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12E84B2C0FB875D8F" box="[1020,1120,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[155,1432,181,1971]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963954/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD12DEFB37BFEA85F33" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB37BFD9B5C2E" blockId="50.[151,1437,255,617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12DEFB37BFEB75C4D" author="Schaum, H. R." box="[151,336,255,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="74 - 78" refId="ref112815" refString="Schaum, H. R. (1863) Descriptions of four new genera of Carabidae. The Journal of Entomology, Descriptive and Geographical, 2, 74 - 78." type="journal article" year="1863">Schaum, 1863: 76</bibRefCitation>
(original: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CC5B37BFDA05C42" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[445,583,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CC5B37BFDA05C42" box="[445,583,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; type locality: N. 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12E79B37BFCDF5C42" box="[769,824,256,280]" name="India" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">India</collectingCountry>
; 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12E3BB37BFC7B5C42" box="[835,924,256,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in MNHU); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD1295AB37BFB145C42" author="Chaudoir, B. M." box="[1058,1267,256,280]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="97 - 204" refId="ref110142" refString="Chaudoir, B. M. (1872) Monographie des Callidides. Annales de Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 16, 97 - 204." type="journal article" year="1872">Chaudoir, 1872: 181</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD1287BB37BFA6A5C42" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[1283,1421,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1287BB37BFA6A5C42" box="[1283,1421,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Jacobson, 1907: 403 (
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CDDB365FDC85C6C" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[421,559,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CDDB365FDC85C6C" box="[421,559,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F3BB365FCC05C6C" author="Andrewes, H. E." box="[579,807,286,310]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="97 - 111" refId="ref109452" refString="Andrewes, H. E. (1927 a) Papers on Oriental Carabidae. XIX. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 19, 97 - 111. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932708633575" type="journal article" year="1927">Andrewes, 1927a: 108</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E4EB365FC275C6C" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[822,960,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E4EB365FC275C6C" box="[822,960,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12EACB365FB475C6C" author="Andrewes, H. E." box="[980,1184,286,310]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref109646" refString="Andrewes, H. E. (1930) Catalogue of Indian Insects, pars 18 (carabidae), Carabidae. Calcutta: Government of India Central Publication Branch, xxii + 389 pp." type="book" year="1930">Andrewes, 1930: 47</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD129D7B365FADE5C6C" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[1199,1337,286,310]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD129D7B365FADE5C6C" box="[1199,1337,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD1283DB365FA765C6C" box="[1349,1425,286,310]" name="Vietnam" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tonkin</collectingCountry>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12DBFB346FE635C0F" author="Jedlicka, A." box="[199,388,317,341]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="59 - 60" refId="ref111384" refString="Jedlicka, A. (1951) Stukie O. Carabidech Palaearcticke Fauny. Etudes sur les Carabides de la faune palaearctique. Acta Musei Silesiae, (A) 1, 59 - 60." type="journal article" year="1951">Jedlička, 1951: 59</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CEDB346FDF85C0F" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[405,543,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CEDB346FDF85C0F" box="[405,543,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F4FB346FCE65C0F" author="Jedlicka, A." box="[567,769,317,341]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="269 - 579" refId="ref111456" refString="Jedlicka, A. (1963) Monographie der Truncatipennen aus Ostasien, Lebiinae- Odacanthinae- Braehyninae (Coleptera, Carabidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fuer Tierkunde in Dresden, 28, 269 - 579." type="journal article" year="1963">Jedlička, 1963: 445</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E6AB346FC7B5C0F" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[786,924,317,341]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E6AB346FC7B5C0F" box="[786,924,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12ECCB346FB775C0F" author="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y." box="[948,1168,317,341]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="185 - 195" refId="ref113326" refString="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y. (1993) On the Chinese species of Parena Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Sinozoologia, 10, 185 - 195." type="journal article" year="1993">Xie &amp; Yu, 1993: 190</bibRefCitation>
(Yunnan); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD1287EB346FEC45C2E" author="Kirschenhofer, E." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="87 - 103" refId="ref111612" refString="Kirschenhofer, E. (2006) Neue Arten der Gattung Parena Motschulsky aus Japan, China Und Indonesien (Sulawesi) (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins E. V. Frankfurt, 31 (3 - 4), 87 - 103." type="journal article" year="2006">Kirschenhofer, 2006: 88</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12C56B327FDEF5C2E" author="Park, J. &amp; Trac, D. &amp; Will, K." box="[302,520,347,372]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="85 - 105" refId="ref112590" refString="Park, J. K, Trac, D. H, &amp; Will, K. (2006) Carabidae from Vietnam (Coleoptera). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 9 (2), 85 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1226 - 8615 (08) 60280 - 0" type="journal article" year="2006">
Park 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C1BB327FE685C2E" box="[355,399,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
., 2006: 103
</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12F6FB327FD955C2E" box="[535,626,348,372]" name="Vietnam" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB301FC945CB4" blockId="50.[151,1437,255,617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DEFB301FDA75CC8" ID-CoL="MP7Z" authority="Bates, 1873: 313" authorityName="Bates" authorityPageNumber="313" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,576,378,402]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DEFB301FE6A5CC8" bold="true" box="[151,397,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera perforata</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686274FFD12CECB300FDA75CC8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871549" box="[404,576,378,402]" country="Japan" county="Jacobson" location="Far East" municipality="Habu" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan, Yunnan" typeStatus="lectotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12CECB300FDA75CC8" author="Bates, H. W." box="[404,576,378,402]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="229 - 322" refId="ref109990" refString="Bates, H. W. (1873) On the Geodephagous Coleoptera of Japan. Fam. Carabidae. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1873 (2), 229 - 322." type="journal article" year="1873">Bates, 1873: 313</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type locality: 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12FA4B300FCFD5CC8" box="[732,794,379,402]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Hiogo; 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12E09B301FC295CC8" box="[881,974,378,402]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
in MNHN); 
<collectingCounty id="62F0BFB96274FFD1292BB301FB555CC8" box="[1107,1202,378,402]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Jacobson</collectingCounty>
, 1907: 403 (
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD1284BB301FF175CEB" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1284BB301FF175CEB" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12C7FB3E2FE255CEB" author="Jedlicka, A." box="[263,450,409,433]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="59 - 60" refId="ref111384" refString="Jedlicka, A. (1951) Stukie O. Carabidech Palaearcticke Fauny. Etudes sur les Carabides de la faune palaearctique. Acta Musei Silesiae, (A) 1, 59 - 60." type="journal article" year="1951">Jedlička, 1951: 59</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CAAB3E2FDBB5CEB" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[466,604,409,433]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CAAB3E2FDBB5CEB" box="[466,604,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F0BB3E2FCDC5CEB" author="Jedlicka, A." box="[627,827,409,433]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="269 - 579" refId="ref111456" refString="Jedlicka, A. (1963) Monographie der Truncatipennen aus Ostasien, Lebiinae- Odacanthinae- Braehyninae (Coleptera, Carabidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fuer Tierkunde in Dresden, 28, 269 - 579." type="journal article" year="1963">Jedlička, 1963: 445</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E33B3E2FC325CEB" ID-CoL="8LR5S" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[843,981,409,433]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E33B3E2FC325CEB" box="[843,981,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF55D4F6274FFD12E94B3E2FBC25CEB" box="[1004,1061,409,433]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Habu</collectingMunicipality>
, 1967: 161; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD129DFB3E2FAB35CEB" author="Habu, A." box="[1191,1364,409,433]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="83 - 118" refId="ref110913" refString="Habu, A. (1982) Revised and supplementary notes on and descriptions of the Truncatipennes group of Japan (2) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Entomological Review of Japan, 37 (2), 83 - 118." type="journal article" year="1982">Habu, 1982: 115</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12818B3E2FEC85C8A" author="Lafer, G. S." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="71 - 222" refId="ref111842" refString="Lafer, G. S. (1989) 4. Semeystvo Carabidae - Zhuzhelitsy. In: Ler, P. A. (ed.), Opredelitel nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka SSSR. Chast 1. Zhestkokrylye, ili zhuki. Chast 1. Leningrad: Nauka, 576 pp. [pp. 71 - 222.]" type="book chapter" year="1989">Lafer, 1989: 213</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12C47B3C3FE6F5C8A" box="[319,392,440,464]" name="Russia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Russia</collectingCountry>
: 
<location id="8EF191EE6274FFD12CEBB3C3FE095C8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF:8EF191EE6274FFD12CEBB3C3FE095C8A" box="[403,494,440,464]" country="Japan" county="Jacobson" municipality="Habu" name="Far East" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Sichuan, Yunnan">Far East</location>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F79B3C3FD3A5C8A" author="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y." box="[513,733,440,464]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="185 - 195" refId="ref113326" refString="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y. (1993) On the Chinese species of Parena Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Sinozoologia, 10, 185 - 195." type="journal article" year="1993">Xie &amp; Yu, 1993: 191</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12F95B3C3FCC85C8A" box="[749,815,440,464]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12E42B3C3FC0C5C8A" box="[826,1003,440,464]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Sichuan, Yunnan</collectingRegion>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12E87B3C3FAA25C95" author="Kryzhanovskij, O. L. &amp; Belousov, I. A. &amp; Kabak, I. I. &amp; Kataev, B. M. &amp; Makarov, K. V. &amp; Shilenkov, V. G." box="[1023,1349,439,464]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref111769" refString="Kryzhanovskij, O. L., Belousov, I. A., Kabak, I. I., Kataev, B. M., Makarov, K. V. &amp; Shilenkov, V. G. (1995) A checklist of the Ground Beetles of Russia and Adjacent Lands (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae). Sofia &amp; Moscow: PENSOFT Publishers, 271 pp." type="book" year="1995">
Kryzhanovskij 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD129E4B3C3FB2C5C8A" box="[1180,1227,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
. 1995: 162
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD1282AB3C3FE8C5CB4" author="Park, J. K. &amp; Kwon, Y. J." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="35 - 41" refId="ref112486" refString="Park, J. K. &amp; Kwon, Y. J. (1998) Ground-beetles of the genus Parena Motschulsky from Korea (Coleoptera: Harpalidae). Korean Journal of Soil Zoology, 3 (1), 35 - 41." type="journal article" year="1998">Park &amp; Kwon, 1998: 36</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12C00B3ADFE1A5CB4" box="[376,509,470,494]" name="South Korea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Korea</collectingCountry>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12F77B3ADFCEF5CB4" author="Kirschenhofer, E." box="[527,776,470,494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="87 - 103" refId="ref111612" refString="Kirschenhofer, E. (2006) Neue Arten der Gattung Parena Motschulsky aus Japan, China Und Indonesien (Sulawesi) (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins E. V. Frankfurt, 31 (3 - 4), 87 - 103." type="journal article" year="2006">Kirschenhofer, 2006: 89</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E6AB3ADFC945CB4" bold="true" box="[786,883,470,494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB38EFE3C5F76" blockId="50.[151,1437,255,617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DEFB38EFD8D5F57" ID-CoL="4DKPX" authority="Kirschenhofer, 1994: 1021" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityPageNumber="1021" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,618,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DEFB38EFEB05F56" bold="true" box="[151,343,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parena nepalensis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686274FFD12C24B38EFD8D5F57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871418" box="[348,618,501,525]" country="Nepal" location="Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wien" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12C24B38EFD8D5F57" author="Kirschenhofer, E." box="[348,618,501,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="999 - 1067" refId="ref111570" refString="Kirschenhofer, E. (1994) Neue und wenig bekannte Carabidae aus der palaarktischen und orientalischen Region (Col. Carabidae, Lebiinae, Odacanthinae, Brachininae, Panagaeinae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 26, 999 - 1067." type="journal article" year="1994">Kirschenhofer, 1994: 1021</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type locality: 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12E7AB38EFCA55F57" box="[770,834,501,525]" name="Nepal" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
: Kosi; 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12EFFB38EFC075F57" box="[903,992,501,525]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in NMW: 
<location id="8EF191EE6274FFD12933B38EFABC5F56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF:8EF191EE6274FFD12933B38EFABC5F56" box="[1099,1371,501,525]" country="Nepal" name="Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Wien">Naturhistorisches Museum</location>
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12818B38EFA7E5F57" box="[1376,1433,501,525]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Wien</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12DBFB06FFEF65F76" box="[199,273,532,556]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Vienne</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12C62B06FFE8E5F76" box="[282,361,532,556]" name="Austria" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Austria</collectingCountry>
). 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C02B068FE3C5F76" bold="true" box="[378,475,531,556]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB048FEA85F33" blockId="50.[151,1437,255,617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DEFB048FD6D5F10" ID-CoL="4DKPL" authority="Kirschenhofer, 1996: 770" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityPageNumber="770" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,650,562,586]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunmingensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DEFB048FE9A5F10" bold="true" box="[151,381,562,586]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parena kunmingensis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B46CD686274FFD12CFDB049FD6D5F10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4115871558" box="[389,650,562,586]" location="Kunming" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">Kirschenhofer, 1996: 770</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type locality: 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12E5FB048FC9F5F10" box="[807,888,563,586]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
: 
<location id="8EF191EE6274FFD12EFBB049FC015F10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236274FFD52DEFB2ECFB945EFF:8EF191EE6274FFD12EFBB049FC015F10" box="[899,998,562,586]" name="Kunming" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Yunnan">Kunming</location>
; 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12E89B049FBAD5F10" box="[1009,1098,562,586]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in NMW); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD129BDB049FF045F33" author="Kirschenhofer, E." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="87 - 103" refId="ref111612" refString="Kirschenhofer, E. (2006) Neue Arten der Gattung Parena Motschulsky aus Japan, China Und Indonesien (Sulawesi) (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins E. V. Frankfurt, 31 (3 - 4), 87 - 103." type="journal article" year="2006">Kirschenhofer, 2006: 88</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12D95B02AFEA85F33" bold="true" box="[237,335,593,617]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD12DEFB0ECFCF05EF7" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DEFB0ECFE305FA3" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DEFB0ECFE505FEB" bold="true" box="[151,439,663,689]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type material examined</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CBDB0ECFCDA5FEB" authority="Schaum" authorityName="Schaum" box="[453,829,663,690]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CBDB0ECFCDA5FEB" bold="true" box="[453,829,663,690]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CBDB0ECFD315FE8" bold="true" box="[453,726,663,690]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera dorsigera</emphasis>
Schaum
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E34B0ECFC5E5FEB" bold="true" box="[844,953,663,689]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12E34B0ECFC5E5FEB" box="[844,953,663,689]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(MNHU, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12954B0ECFB735FEB" box="[1068,1172,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
): female, body length = 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06274FFD12DEFB0C0FF1B5F8C" box="[151,252,699,726]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
, pin mounted, &quot;42351&quot;, &quot; 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F6CB0C0FC585F8F" box="[532,959,699,726]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12F6CB0C0FD4B5F8F" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[532,684,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bothynoptera</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12FB8B0C0FCCA5F8F" box="[704,813,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">dorsigera</taxonomicName>
m. / Ind. bor.
</emphasis>
&quot; [yellow label]; &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD129FBB0C0FAFC5F8F" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[1155,1307,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD129FBB0C0FAFC5F8F" box="[1155,1307,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12857B0C0FF175FA3" authority="Schaum" authorityName="Schaum" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12857B0C0FF175FA3" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">dorsigera Schaum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; [yellow box label].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB178FCF05EF7" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB178FD4B5E47" bold="true" box="[199,684,771,798]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DBFB178FDCF5E47" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[199,552,771,798]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB178FE3E5E47" bold="true" box="[199,473,771,798]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera perforata</emphasis>
Bates
</taxonomicName>
: 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12F4EB178FD4B5E47" box="[566,684,771,797]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(MNHN, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12E5DB178FC6A5E47" box="[805,909,771,797]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
), designated herein: male, body length = 11.0 mm, pin mounted, &quot; 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C04B153FE255E1B" box="[380,450,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Hiogo</emphasis>
/ 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CA3B153FDF85E1B" box="[475,543,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12CA3B153FDF85E1B" box="[475,543,808,833]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot;TYPE&quot; [red label], &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E48B15CFC2F5E1B" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[816,968,807,833]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E48B15CFC2F5E1B" box="[816,968,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E99B15CFBAC5E1B" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[993,1099,807,833]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E99B15CFBAC5E1B" box="[993,1099,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1291CB153FB455E1B" box="[1124,1186,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bates</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot;Ex Musaeo / H.W. Bates / 1892&quot;, &quot;MUSEUM PARIS / 1952 / Coll. R. OBERTHUR&quot;, &quot; 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12EF3B130FBCC5E3F" box="[907,1067,843,869]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12947B130FAA45E3F" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[1087,1347,843,869]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">Bothynoptera perforata</taxonomicName>
/ 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD1282FB137FF285ED3" author="Bates, H. W." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="229 - 322" refId="ref109990" refString="Bates, H. W. (1873) On the Geodephagous Coleoptera of Japan. Fam. Carabidae. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1873 (2), 229 - 322." type="journal article" year="1873">Bates, 1873</bibRefCitation>
/ des. SHI H.L. 2011&quot; [red label]. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F2EB114FD1C5ED3" bold="true" box="[598,763,879,905]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12F2EB114FD1C5ED3" box="[598,763,879,905]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(NHML): 1 ex, &quot;Type&quot; [round label with red circle]; &quot;HIOGO&quot;, &quot; 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12D99B1E8FEC15EF7" box="[225,294,915,941]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Japan</collectingCountry>
./ G. Lewis./ 1910-320&quot;, &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12F3FB1E8FD565EF7" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[583,689,915,941]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F3FB1E8FD565EF7" box="[583,689,915,941]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12FBEB1EFFCE35EF7" box="[710,772,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bates</emphasis>
&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD12DBFB1CCFD015B03" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB1CCFDC25943" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB1CCFDC15E8B" bold="true" box="[199,550,951,977]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Notes on types and synonyms</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12F4CB1CCFC4A5E8B" authority="Schaum" authorityName="Schaum" box="[564,941,951,978]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F4CB1CCFC4A5E8B" bold="true" box="[564,941,951,978]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F4CB1CCFCA25E88" bold="true" box="[564,837,951,978]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera dorsigera</emphasis>
Schaum
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: This species was originally described from a single specimen from Northern 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12F61B1A0FDB15EAF" box="[537,598,987,1013]" name="India" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">India</collectingCountry>
. The female we examined in the collection of MNHU in accord with the original description is the 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12CC4B184FDC55943" box="[444,546,1023,1049]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB658FB3959DF" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DBFB658FDC55967" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[199,546,1059,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB658FDC55967" bold="true" box="[199,546,1059,1086]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB658FE3F5967" bold="true" box="[199,472,1059,1086]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera perforata</emphasis>
Bates
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: This species was originally described from 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD1295DB658FB3D5967" box="[1061,1242,1059,1085]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from Hiogo. We found 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12D9AB633FE6D593B" box="[226,394,1095,1122]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
in the collection of MNHN and NHML in accord with the original description. We herein designate the male deposited in MNHN bearing Bates's handwriting label (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12EA6B610FBA559DF" box="[990,1090,1131,1157]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
) as 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12908B610FB3D59DF" box="[1136,1242,1131,1157]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB6F4FB98584F" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
As indicated in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12FF3B6F4FCF359F3" author="Bates, H. W." box="[651,788,1167,1193]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="229 - 322" refId="ref109990" refString="Bates, H. W. (1873) On the Geodephagous Coleoptera of Japan. Fam. Carabidae. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1873 (2), 229 - 322." type="journal article" year="1873">Bates, 1873</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12E50B6EBFC5659F3" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[808,945,1167,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12E50B6EBFC5659F3" box="[808,945,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD1290FB6EBFAE459F3" box="[1143,1283,1167,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1290FB6EBFAE459F3" box="[1143,1283,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the pronotum wider, elytra without yellow patch and the dorsum a lighter color. However, as discussed below, all these differences are considered as geographical variations, and specimens with intermediate features occurs in several localities of 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12C5AB680FE8E584F" box="[290,361,1275,1301]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">China</collectingCountry>
. So, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CE6B687FDC0584F" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[414,551,1275,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CE6B687FDC0584F" box="[414,551,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">B. perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is treated as a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12EDAB687FBCC584F" box="[930,1067,1275,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12EDAB687FBCC584F" box="[930,1067,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB764FEBE5893" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DBFB764FDB35863" authority="Kirschenhofer" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityYear="1994" box="[199,596,1311,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB764FDB35863" bold="true" box="[199,596,1311,1338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB764FE795860" bold="true" box="[199,414,1311,1338]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parena nepalensis</emphasis>
Kirschenhofer
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: In the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46274FFD12EE7B764FB6B5863" author="Kirschenhofer, E." box="[927,1164,1311,1337]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="999 - 1067" refId="ref111570" refString="Kirschenhofer, E. (1994) Neue und wenig bekannte Carabidae aus der palaarktischen und orientalischen Region (Col. Carabidae, Lebiinae, Odacanthinae, Brachininae, Panagaeinae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 26, 999 - 1067." type="journal article" year="1994">Kirschenhofer, 1994</bibRefCitation>
), this species was compared only with 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12C20B73FFDA85807" authority="Jedlicka" authorityName="Jedlicka, Philippine. Scale" authorityYear="1934" box="[344,591,1347,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C20B73FFE0F5807" box="[344,488,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. andrewesi</emphasis>
Jedlička
</taxonomicName>
but not with any species previously placed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD1290AB738FAED5807" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[1138,1290,1347,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1290AB738FAED5807" box="[1138,1290,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We did not examine the type of this species. However, from the original description and illustration, it is identical to the 
<typeStatus id="549579976274FFD12819B71CFF2058FC" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12D94B7F7FE9258FF" box="[236,373,1419,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12D94B7F7FE9258FF" box="[236,373,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other specimens examined from 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12E6FB7F0FCBD58FF" box="[791,858,1419,1445]" name="Nepal" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12E11B7F0FC3658FF" box="[873,977,1419,1445]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
). So, we synonymize it with 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD1286CB7F7FEE35893" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD1286CB7F7FA7B58FF" box="[1300,1436,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD12DBFB7A8FD015B03" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12DBFB7A8FD9858B7" authority="Kirschenhofer" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityYear="1996" box="[199,639,1491,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunmingensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB7A8FD9858B7" bold="true" box="[199,639,1491,1518]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB7A8FE2058B4" bold="true" box="[199,455,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Parena kunmingensis</emphasis>
Kirschenhofer
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: The original description (Kirschenhofer, 1996) pointed out that this species is very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CCAB783FDA45B4B" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityYear="1994" box="[434,579,1527,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CCAB783FDA45B4B" box="[434,579,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. nepalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and has small differences in pronotum shape, elytral pore size, and shape of elytral apices. As discussed below, these differences are considered as geographical variations. Thus, we synonymize this species with 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66274FFD12CEDB43BFD765B03" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" box="[405,657,1599,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12CEDB43BFDFA5B03" box="[405,541,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6274FFD02DBFB418FEFC589B" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356274FFD02DBFB418FEFC589B" blockId="50.[151,1437,663,2022]" lastBlockId="51.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12DBFB418FDFC5B27" bold="true" box="[199,539,1635,1661]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Non-type material examined</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12F51B418FD9B5B27" bold="true" box="[553,636,1635,1661]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12F51B418FD915B27" box="[553,630,1635,1661]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
2 ex (MNHN), &quot;leg. A. Habu, Mt. Hiko, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12932B418FB4B5B27" box="[1098,1196,1635,1661]" country="Japan" name="Fukuoka" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fukuoka</collectingRegion>
P., IX.15,1952&quot;. 1 ex (MNHN), &quot;(Pref. 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12C19B4FCFE4A5BFB" box="[353,429,1671,1697]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
), Mt Tukao, Jun.14.1951&quot;. 1 ex (MNHN), &quot;Yatsugatake, 4.8.52&quot;. 1 ex (MNHN), &quot;Japan; Janson, Acq. 1884&quot;. 1 ex (MNHN), &quot;Japan&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12FF6B4D0FD085B9F" box="[654,751,1707,1733]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(IZAS), &quot;[Japan: Honshu] 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12958B4D7FB9D5B9C" box="[1056,1146,1708,1734]" country="Japan" name="Nagano" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nagano</collectingRegion>
, Koumi, Toyosato, Yamanokami (
<quantity id="4CD66AD06274FFD12D81B4B4FE755BB3" box="[249,402,1743,1769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.605" metricValueMax="1.608" metricValueMin="1.6019999999999999" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1605.0" valueMax="1608.0" valueMin="1602.0">1602-1608 m</quantity>
), 36°02'51.9''N~ 36°02'54.9''N, 138°24'16.3''E ~ 138°24'20.83''E 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12910B4ABFB0B5BB3" box="[1128,1260,1743,1770]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2007-08-07">7.VIII.2007</date>
Junhao Huang&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12DDFB488FF105A54" box="[167,247,1779,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276274FFD12C6EB488FE8F5A57" bold="true" box="[278,360,1779,1805]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56274FFD12C6EB488FE845A57" box="[278,355,1779,1805]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">China</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12C09B488FE325A57" box="[369,469,1779,1805]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12F3FB488FD475A57" box="[583,672,1779,1805]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Beijing</collectingRegion>
, Changping, Huyu; 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12EF0B488FBF45A57" box="[904,1043,1779,1805]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1997-07-14">1997.VII.14</date>
, Zhou Haisheng lgt.&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12859B488FA885A54" box="[1313,1391,1779,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD128F6B488FF045A6B" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(HBUM), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12C12B56CFE5E5A6B" box="[362,441,1815,1841]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Henan</collectingRegion>
, Dengfeng, Shaolinsi, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12FC3B56CFCA15A6B" box="[699,838,1815,1841]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2002-07-16">2002.VII.16</date>
, Yang Xiujuan lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD129A1B56CFADE5A6B" box="[1241,1337,1815,1841]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
, Foping, Shangshawo, on vegetation, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12CA3B540FDBF5A0C" box="[475,600,1851,1878]" degrees="33.59716" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="33.59716">N33.59716</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12F18B540FD0B5A0F" box="[608,748,1851,1877]" degrees="108.01366" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="108.01366">E108.01366</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06274FFD12F8FB540FCA95A0C" box="[759,846,1851,1878]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.107" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1107.0">1107 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12E23B540FC085A0C" box="[859,1007,1851,1878]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2007-08-15">2007.VIII.15</date>
, Shi Hongliang &amp; Yang Ganyan lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12DEFB524FF1E5A23" box="[151,249,1887,1913]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12C10B524FE2F5A23" box="[360,456,1887,1913]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
, Foping, Longcaoping, on vegetation, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12E04B524FBE65A23" box="[892,1025,1887,1913]" degrees="33. 67662" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="33.67662">N33. 67662</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12970B524FB735A20" box="[1032,1172,1887,1914]" degrees="107.97975" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="107.97975">E107.97975</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06274FFD129E7B524FB105A20" box="[1183,1271,1887,1914]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.369" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1369.0">1369 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD1287BB524FA7F5A23" box="[1283,1432,1887,1913]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2007-08-17">2007.VIII.17</date>
, Shi Hongliang &amp; Yang Ganyan lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12F42B5F8FD7C5AC7" box="[570,667,1923,1949]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12E71B5F8FC8E5AC7" box="[777,873,1923,1949]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
, Ningshan, Huoditang, on vegetation, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12860B5F8FA7F5AC7" box="[1304,1432,1923,1949]" degrees="33.43368" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="33.43368">N33.43368</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26274FFD12DEFB5DCFEC45A9B" box="[151,291,1959,1985]" degrees="108.44747" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" precision="1" value="108.44747">E108.44747</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06274FFD12C55B5DCFE645A98" box="[301,387,1959,1986]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.538" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="1538.0">1538 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12CF6B5DCFDC55A9B" box="[398,546,1959,1985]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2007-08-18">2007.VIII.18</date>
, Shi Hongliang &amp; Yang Ganyan lgt.&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06274FFD12EADB5DCFBD15A9B" box="[981,1078,1959,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,250,150,174]" captionTargetId="figure-19@17.[155,1432,181,1971]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963954/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
&gt;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; T’ienmu Shan, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12DEFB5B0FEC45ABF" box="[151,291,1995,2021]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1936-07-27">1936.VII.27</date>
, O. Piel coll.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6274FFD12CA3B5B0FDCB5ABF" box="[475,556,1995,2021]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76274FFD12F9AB5B0FCAB5ABF" box="[738,844,1995,2021]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, Tianmushan, Xianrending, light trap, 
<date id="FF90E1F56274FFD12874B5B0FA7F5ABF" box="[1292,1432,1995,2021]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1998-07-29">1998.VII.29</date>
, Wang Xue lgt.&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02C21B2ECFE265DEB" box="[345,449,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[163,1429,1250,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-182@16.[152,1436,1241,1885]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Parameres of male genitalia for Parena spp. A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Shanghai. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Zhejiang. D P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. F P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Xizang. G P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. H P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. I P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958957/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 10C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02CB4B2ECFE1F5DEB" box="[460,504,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">27F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02F7BB2ECFDD15DEB" box="[515,566,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,645,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-219@53.[151,1436,633,1220]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 28. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Zhejiang. B Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958995/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">28A</figureCitation>
&gt;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F94B2ECFCB15DEB" box="[748,854,151,177]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, Tianmushan, Xianrending, light trap, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD0287BB2ECFA705DEB" box="[1283,1431,151,177]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1998-08-17">1998.VIII.17</date>
, Wu Hong lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02CA5B2C0FDA05D8F" box="[477,583,187,213]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, Lin'an, W. Tianmushan, Tianmushuyuan-S.Gate, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02909B2C0FB145D8F" box="[1137,1267,187,213]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2006-06-30">2006.VI.30</date>
, Huang Junhao lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02C16B2A4FE3F5DA3" box="[366,472,223,249]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, Lin'an, W. Tianmushan, 2008.VI, Huang Hao lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD029CEB2A4FAC75DA3" box="[1206,1312,223,249]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, Lin'an, W. Tianmushan, Laodian-Xianrending, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02F55B378FD635C47" box="[557,644,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1020.0">1020 m</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02FE8B378FD0A5C47" box="[656,749,259,285]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="30.3">N30°18'</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02F8BB379FCBA5C47" box="[755,861,258,285]" degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="119.416664">E119°25'</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02E1FB378FC025C47" box="[871,997,259,285]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2009-07-03">2009.VII.3</date>
, Zhu Yijin lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD029E7B378FB0D5C47" box="[1183,1258,259,285]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(CRS), &quot;China, Hangchow/ 30°18’ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02C13B35CFE045C1B" box="[363,483,295,321]" degrees="120" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="120.11667">N 120°07’</geoCoordinate>
E/ 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02F71B35CFD985C1B" box="[521,639,295,321]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1921-06-10">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02F71B35CFDC25C1B" box="[521,549,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">10</emphasis>
.vi.1921
</date>
/ Eigin Suenson leg.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02954B35CFB9A5C1B" box="[1068,1149,295,321]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Hunan</collectingRegion>
, Cili, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029BDB35CFAB35C1B" box="[1221,1364,295,321]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1988-09-03" valueMax="1988-09-06" valueMin="1988-09-03">1988.IX.3-6</date>
&quot;. 3 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02C79B330FE865C3F" box="[257,353,331,357]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, Luding, Moxi, Hailuogou, light trap, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02E5CB330FC435C3F" box="[804,932,331,357]" degrees="29.60261" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="29.60261">N29.60261</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02ECBB330FBD95C3F" box="[947,1086,331,357]" degrees="102.06402" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="102.06402">E102.06402</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02935B330FB405C3F" box="[1101,1191,331,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2130.0">2130 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029CFB330FAD25C3F" box="[1207,1333,331,357]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2007-09-11">2007.IX.11</date>
N, Liang Hongbin lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (CAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02CA9B314FDD65CD3" box="[465,561,367,393]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, Luding, Moxi, Hailuogou, light trap, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02EA3B314FBBC5CD3" box="[987,1115,367,393]" degrees="29.60261" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="29.60261">N29.60261</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD0291EB314FB165CD3" box="[1126,1265,367,393]" degrees="102.06402" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="102.06402">E102.06402</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02984B314FAB55CD3" box="[1276,1362,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2130.0">2130 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02825B314FF3F5CF7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2007-09-12">2007. IX.12</date>
N, Liang Hongbin lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (CAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02FF8B3E8FD075CF7" box="[640,736,403,429]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, Luding, Hailuogou, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02EB7B3E8FBB65CF7" box="[975,1105,403,429]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2007-09-12">2007.IX.12</date>
, light trap, David Kavanaugh lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02C15B3CCFE2A5C8B" box="[365,461,439,465]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, Emeishan, Baoguosi, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02FB1B3CDFCA35C8B" box="[713,836,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="650.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="550.0">550-750 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02E37B3CDFC255C8B" box="[847,962,438,465]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1957-06-04">1957.VI.4</date>
, Lu Youcai, lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (HBUM), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD0284FB3CCFA705C8B" box="[1335,1431,439,465]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, Jiulong, Hongba, Shi Fuming lgt., 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02F61B3A0FD775CAF" box="[537,656,475,501]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2008-09-23">2008.9.23</date>
&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02E3AB3A0FC425CAF" box="[834,933,475,501]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, Guilin, Longsheng, Huaping, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02985B3A0FA845CAF" box="[1277,1379,475,501]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2008-05-02">2008.V.2</date>
, Cao Liangming, Li Hu lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02CD1B384FE135F43" box="[425,500,511,537]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F0CB384FD305F43" box="[628,727,511,537]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan, Luoyingou, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02932B385FB465F43" box="[1098,1185,510,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029D5B384FAA25F43" box="[1197,1349,511,537]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2019-08-06">2019.VIII-06</date>
, leg. J.- T. Zhao&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02C6BB058FE8E5F67" box="[275,361,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,887,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-419@11.[151,1436,885,1532]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Elytral base (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sumatra. B P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. C P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Taiwan. D P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Beijing. E P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Guangxi. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. Scale bars = 0.5mm (a for fig. D, b for figs A B E F, c for fig. C). Abbreviations: bp elytral basal pore; sa the apex of scutellum; d1 the first discal setigerous pore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958945/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02CFDB058FE005F67" box="[389,487,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F10B058FD2C5F67" box="[616,715,547,573]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan, Pingbantun, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD0293EB059FB795F67" box="[1094,1182,546,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029D3B058FACA5F67" box="[1195,1325,547,573]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2019-04-19">2019.IV-19</date>
, leg. J.-T. Zhao&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02D95B03CFEB65F3B" box="[237,337,583,609]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02CADB03CFDDF5F3B" box="[469,568,583,609]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan, Laoshanlinchang, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02E81B03DFBB45F3B" box="[1017,1107,582,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD0291AB03CFB3C5F3B" box="[1122,1243,583,609]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2019-05-31">2019.V-31</date>
, leg. J.-T. Zhao&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02DDEB010FEE45FDF" box="[166,259,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[158,1424,204,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[151,1436,181,1830]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mandibles of Parena spp.: left mandible, dorsum (ld); right mandible, dorsum (rd); left mandible, venter (lv); right mandible, venter (rv). A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Shaanxi. B P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Zhejiang. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Guangxi. D P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Beijing. Scale bar = 0.5mm. Abbreviations: rr retinacular ridge of right mandible; vg ventral groove." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958941/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02C69B010FED45FDF" box="[273,307,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,881,905]" captionTargetBox="[161,1430,189,857]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[151,1436,181,857]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–D Labia of Parena spp.: A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Zhejiang. C P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Guangxi. D P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Beijing. E–F Heads of Parena spp. in lateral view: E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan, suborbital setae present. F P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Yunnan, suborbital seta absent. Scale bars = 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958943/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">3C</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02C29B010FE795FDF" box="[337,414,619,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F58B010FD645FDF" box="[544,643,619,645]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan, Laoshanlinchang, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02938B011FB7E5FDF" box="[1088,1177,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.599" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1599.0">1599 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029DFB011FACC5FDF" box="[1191,1323,618,645]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2017-09-15">2017.IX-15</date>
, leg. J.-T. Zhao&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02D92B0F4FEAD5FF3" box="[234,330,655,681]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(CAU), &quot;Lijiang, Yulong, Mingyin, Jiazi vill., 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02E2EB0F4FC4A5FF3" box="[854,941,655,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.818" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2818.0">2818 m</quantity>
, 2020.06-17, 100.26927 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD029C5B0F4FAD55FF3" box="[1213,1330,655,681]" degrees="27.1281" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="5" value="27.1281">E 27.1281</geoCoordinate>
N, Huang Weidong lgt. 5307211NSMT0008&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot;Yunna, Pingbian, Yuping, Shuiweicheng, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD029CBB0C8FAFB5F97" box="[1203,1308,691,717]" degrees="22.91278" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="22.91278">22.91278</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD0285DB0C8FA7B5F97" box="[1317,1436,691,717]" degrees="103.69760" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="1" value="103.6976">103.69760</geoCoordinate>
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02DEFB0ADFF175FAB" box="[151,240,726,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.058" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2058.0">2058 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02D86B0ADFE965FAB" box="[254,369,726,753]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2021-05-18">2021.5.18</date>
. Wang Yong coll.&quot;. 1 ex (NHMB), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02E76B0ACFC8D5FAB" box="[782,874,727,753]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, 8-10 Jun, Yipinglang, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD0290DB0ACFB295FAB" box="[1141,1230,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
, 25.05 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02862B0ADFA615FAB" box="[1306,1414,726,753]" degrees="101.53" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="555" value="101.53">N 101.53</geoCoordinate>
E, Bolm lgt. 1993&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F7AB080FDB95E4F" box="[514,606,763,789]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Menglong Banna, Mengsong, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02EBDB080FBF95E4F" box="[965,1054,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02954B081FB4D5E4F" box="[1068,1194,762,789]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1958-04-26">1958.IV.26</date>
, Zhang Yiran lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02C5BB164FE985E63" box="[291,383,799,825]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Menglong Banna, Mengsong, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02F9DB164FCD95E63" box="[741,830,799,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02E33B165FC2E5E63" box="[843,969,798,825]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1958-04-26">1958.IV.26</date>
, Wang Shuyong lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD029B4B164FAC85E63" box="[1228,1327,799,825]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot;China, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02D8CB138FEAA5E07" box="[244,333,835,861]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Gongshan, Galabo, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02F43B138FD735E07" box="[571,660,835,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.68" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2680.0">2680 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02FD9B138FCD05E07" box="[673,823,835,861]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2019-08-11">2019.VIII-11</date>
, Leg. Y.-B. LI&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02978B138FBBD5E07" box="[1024,1114,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD0290FB138FB025E07" box="[1143,1253,835,861]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD0281AB138FF255EDB" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Kunming, Xishan, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02CDBB11CFDF65EDB" box="[419,529,871,897]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2017-10-06">2017.X-6</date>
, alt. 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02F3FB11CFD795EDB" box="[583,670,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.122" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2122.0">2122 m</quantity>
, Yang Xiaodong leg.&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02ED3B11CFBF35EDB" box="[939,1044,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1624,1648]" captionTargetBox="[179,1400,861,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-428@18.[164,1423,842,1601]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Female internal reproductive tracts of Parena spp. A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. C P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958959/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02958B11CFBB65EDB" box="[1056,1105,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">27C</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02914B11CFB295EDB" box="[1132,1230,871,897]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(IZAS), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02844B11CFA7F5EDB" box="[1340,1432,871,897]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Weixi, Pantiange, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02C11B1F1FE255EFF" box="[361,450,906,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02CA9B1F0FDBB5EFF" box="[465,604,907,933]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1981-07-22">1981.VII.22</date>
, Wang Shuyong lgt.&quot;. 1 ex (HBUM), &quot; 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02964B1F0FB945EFF" box="[1052,1139,907,933]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Xizang</collectingRegion>
, Mêdog, Hanmi, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02846B1F0FA705EFF" box="[1342,1431,907,933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="2380.0">2380 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02DEFB1D4FEF95E93" box="[151,286,943,969]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2003-08-09">2003.VIII.9</date>
, Ren Guodong lgt.&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD02F77B1D4FDBC5E93" box="[527,603,943,969]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(CCCC), &quot;Taiwan, Nantou county, Chushan, Shanlinhsi, light trap, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02825B1D4FF185EB7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2006-09-27" valueMax="2006-09-29" valueMin="2006-09-27">2006. IX.27-29</date>
, C.J.K &amp; C.C.R lgt.&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02F72B1A8FD935EB7" box="[522,628,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 27E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02FF9B1A8FD555EB7" box="[641,690,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,645,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-219@53.[151,1436,633,1220]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 28. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Zhejiang. B Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958995/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">28B</figureCitation>
&gt;. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02FB7B1A9FCD95EB6" bold="true" box="[719,830,978,1004]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56275FFD02FB7B1A9FCDE5EB6" box="[719,825,978,1004]" name="Vietnam" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
1 ex (NHML), &quot;Tonkin. Chapa., 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD029C5B1A8FAD05EB7" box="[1213,1335,979,1005]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1916-05">May 1916</date>
., R.V. de Salvaza&quot;. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02C70B18CFEAC594B" bold="true" box="[264,331,1015,1041]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56275FFD02C70B18CFEA1594B" box="[264,326,1015,1041]" name="Laos" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Laos</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
1 ex (NHMB), &quot;Lao-NE, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02F0AB18CFCC7594B" box="[626,800,1015,1041]" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Hua Phan prov.</collectingRegion>
~20°12’ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02E07B18CFC1F594B" box="[895,1016,1015,1041]" degrees="104" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="104.01667">N 104°01’</geoCoordinate>
E, Phu Phan Mt. 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD029C0B18DFAB6594B" box="[1208,1361,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1700.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-1900 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02825B18CFEE4596F" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2007-05-17" valueMax="2007-06-03" valueMin="2007-05-17">17.v.- 3.vi.2007</date>
, M. Brancucci leg.&quot;, &quot;NHMB Basel expediton to Laos, 2007&quot;. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02EB9B661FBED596E" bold="true" box="[961,1034,1050,1076]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56275FFD02EB9B661FBE2596E" box="[961,1029,1050,1076]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">India</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
1 ex (MNHM), &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD029B0B660FEF25903" authority="Schaum, Ind. Orient" authorityName="Schaum, Ind. Orient" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">dorsigera Schaum, Ind. Orient</taxonomicName>
bor., Bacon. C. Laferte&quot;. 4 ex (MNHN), &quot;Harmand, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02E0DB644FC2E5903" box="[885,969,1087,1113]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
, 1890&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD0294AB644FB7E5903" box="[1074,1177,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,1340,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-257@53.[151,1436,1328,1916]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 29. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum) from different localities, left-lateral (l) and dorsal (d) views: A Nepal. B India. C Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958997/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 29B</figureCitation>
&gt;. 1 ex (NHML), &quot;Gopaldhara, Br. 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02C57B618FE635927" box="[303,388,1123,1149]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
. H. Stevens.&quot;. 1 ex (MNHN), &quot;Kurseong, R.P. Decoly, 1898&quot;. 1 ex (NHML), &quot;Inde Angalise, Pedong, Region de Darjeeling., Chasseurs indigenes, 1935&quot;. 1 ex (NHMB). &quot;NE India, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02905B6FCFB1A59FB" box="[1149,1277,1159,1185]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
; 1999, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02829B6FCFA6459FB" box="[1361,1411,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="km" value="3.0">3km</quantity>
E Tura; 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02DA2B6D1FED5599F" box="[218,306,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</quantity>
; 25°30’ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02CF0B6D1FE14599F" box="[392,499,1194,1221]" degrees="90" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="90.23333">N 90°14’</geoCoordinate>
E; 4.v.; Dembicky &amp; Pacholaiko leg.&quot;. 1 ex (NHMB). &quot;NE India, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD029AFB6D0FAAF599F" box="[1239,1352,1195,1221]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Megalaya</collectingRegion>
, SW of Shillong; 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02C7FB6B4FE8659B3" box="[263,353,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
, 25°34’ 
<geoCoordinate id="EE1AA1F26275FFD02CC4B6B5FDAE59B3" box="[444,585,1230,1257]" degrees="91" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="15" seconds="20" value="91.85555">N91°51’20’’</geoCoordinate>
E; L. Dembicky leg. 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD02E45B6B4FC5659B3" box="[829,945,1231,1257]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2004-05-14">14.v.2004</date>
&quot;. 1 ex (NHML), &quot;Allahabad&quot;. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD0286AB6B4FA8659B3" bold="true" box="[1298,1377,1231,1257]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56275FFD0286AB6B4FABB59B3" box="[1298,1372,1231,1257]" name="Nepal" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Nepal</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
1 ex (NHMB). &quot;Nepal, Kosi-#4, Pakhribas 27°03’N/ 87°18’E to Mangmaya 27°07’N/ 87°15’E, 1700- 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02998B688FACC5857" box="[1248,1323,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
, 29.v.01&quot;, &quot;NHMB Basel, expedition to Nepal 2001&quot;. 1 ex (NHMB). &quot;Nepal: Kosi-#13, Depitar 27°27’N/ 87°17’E to Barabishe 27°26’N/ 87°18’E, 1250- 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02C8CB741FDD9580F" box="[500,574,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</quantity>
, 12.vi.01&quot;, &quot;NHMB Basel, expedition to Nepal 2001&quot;. 
<specimenCount id="9D280CBC6275FFD029DEB740FB16580F" box="[1190,1265,1339,1365]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(CRS), &quot;Nepal 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02DEFB724FF125823" box="[151,245,1375,1401]" country="Nepal" name="Bagmati" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Bagmati</collectingRegion>
/ Nuwakot&quot;, &quot;Pati Bhanjyang/ 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02F35B724FD445823" box="[589,675,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
16-18.VI.89/ M. Brancucci&quot; &lt;
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD02E86B724FB8F5823" box="[1022,1128,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Figs 27D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06275FFD0290DB724FB4F5823" box="[1141,1192,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,1340,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-257@53.[151,1436,1328,1916]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 29. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum) from different localities, left-lateral (l) and dorsal (d) views: A Nepal. B India. C Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958997/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">29A</figureCitation>
&gt;. 1 ex (CMB), &quot;Nep: 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76275FFD02DEFB7F8FEE758C7" box="[151,256,1411,1437]" country="Nepal" name="Mahakali" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Mahakali</collectingRegion>
/ Darchula, env. Batar, slope above, Chamliya Khola, 
<quantity id="4CD66AD06275FFD02E2CB7F8FC4D58C7" box="[852,938,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
, 29°50’54’’N, 80°54’03’’E, 
<date id="FF90E1F56275FFD0299EB7F8FA8F58C7" box="[1254,1384,1410,1437]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2005-06-12">12.VI.2005</date>
, leg. A. Weigel&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6275FFD02DBFB7B1FD835B2F" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356275FFD02DBFB7B1FD835B2F" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02DBFB7B1FE8158BE" bold="true" box="[199,358,1482,1508]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Comparisons</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02C0DB7B0FE1858BF" box="[373,511,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02C0DB7B0FE1858BF" box="[373,511,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguishable from all other species of the genus in having four (occasionally five or six) very large setigerous pores on elytral interval 3. In the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD0292EB794FB095B53" authority="Schaum, 1863" box="[1110,1262,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD0292EB794FB095B53" box="[1110,1262,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02985B794FA8B5B53" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1967" box="[1277,1388,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosai">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02985B794FA8B5B53" box="[1277,1388,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. kurosai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02DEFB468FF145B76" baseAuthorityName="Jedlicka" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[151,243,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tesari">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02DEFB468FF145B76" box="[151,243,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. tesari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are somewhat similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02F69B468FD7D5B77" box="[529,666,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02F69B468FD7D5B77" box="[529,666,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their relatively large body size and dorsum dark brown without a patch, but differ in having elytral interval 3 with only three discal pores. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02EC7B44CFBFD5B0A" baseAuthorityName="Jedlicka" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[959,1050,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tesari">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02EC7B44CFBFD5B0A" box="[959,1050,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. tesari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66275FFD02980B44CFA675B0B" box="[1272,1408,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02980B44CFA675B0B" box="[1272,1408,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the elytral apices evenly rounded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6275FFD62DBFB405FE205C8B" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356275FFD62DBFB405FE205C8B" blockId="51.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastBlockId="53.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276275FFD02DBFB405FEB65BC2" bold="true" box="[199,337,1662,1688]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Description</emphasis>
. Body length 9.2–11.0 mm. Dorsum reddish brown to piceous, head with a triangular light patch on frons in many specimens, elytral interval 1 often lighter, elytra disc sometimes with a vague light patch. Tempora short, abruptly narrowed behind eyes; postgenae with a pair of long suborbital setae. Pronotum nearly quadrate, PW/PL = 1.20–1.40, usually slightly narrower than head, PW/HW = 0.90–1.02; lateral explanations narrow; widest at anterior third, slightly rounded at anterior half, and then somewhat sinuate before posterior angles; posterior angles nearly rectangular. Elytra without microsculpture; striae not incised, replaced by rows of fine punctures; intervals completely flat, with very sparse fine punctures; lateral intervals sometimes slightly uneven; interval 3 with four setigerous pores, with five or six in some specimens, first two pores adjacent to stria 3, the others adjacent to stria 2, pores very large and strongly concave, forming fovea slightly wider than interval width; interval 5 with one pore near middle in a few specimens; apical truncation rather distinct, bisinuate, straight, or concave inward, outer apical angles prominent but apically rounded; sutural angles indistinct or with very faint denticles. Apex of abdominal sternite VII with two setae on each side in both sexes, occasionally three. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on apical half of mesotarsomere 2 and full length of mesotarsomere 3. Median lobe of aedeagus moderately stout (AL/AW = 4.0–4.3), apical lamella short, coniform. Endophallus with large primary sclerite, apical flagellum reaching middle of median lobe; apical sclerite well defined, basal core ovate; basal sheath small, finely scaled, apical sheath heavily scaled; squamate sac not divided, large, near middle of median lobe, right to squamate sheath. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly quadrate, inner angle slightly pointed to apex, apex with six or seven ensiform setae, subequally arranged.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5197BD6272FFD72DEFB535FD1C5AAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" startId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" targetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" targetPageId="52" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356272FFD72DEFB535FD1C5AAC" blockId="52.[151,1437,1870,2039]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72DEFB535FEFD5A3C" bold="true" box="[151,282,1870,1894]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 27</emphasis>
. Habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72CE2B534FD175A3D" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[410,752,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera" subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72CE2B534FE035A3C" box="[410,484,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72C8BB534FD9A5A3D" box="[499,637,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72FF5B534FD175A3D" box="[653,752,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72EE8B535FC455A3C" bold="true" box="[912,930,1870,1894]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72953B534FAAC5A3D" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1067,1355,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72953B534FB385A3D" box="[1067,1247,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Parena dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD7282EB534FA805A3D" bold="true" box="[1366,1383,1871,1895]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72D81B508FDCF5AD0" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[249,552,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72D81B508FE0D5AD1" box="[249,490,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bothynoptera perforata</emphasis>
Bates
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72F34B508FC895AD1" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[588,878,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72F34B508FCE75AD1" box="[588,768,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Parena dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
]. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72E06B509FC775AD0" bold="true" box="[894,912,1906,1930]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72EEFB508FB995AD1" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[919,1150,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72EEFB508FBF45AD1" box="[919,1043,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
, female from Yunnan (Kunming). 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72D98B5ECFF155AF5" bold="true" box="[224,242,1943,1967]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72D80B5ECFE3A5AF5" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[248,477,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72D80B5ECFE945AF5" box="[248,371,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
, male from Nepal. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72FE5B5ECFD495AF5" bold="true" box="[669,686,1943,1967]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72FCCB5ECFC7E5AF5" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[692,921,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72FCCB5ECFCC85AF5" box="[692,815,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
, male from Taiwan. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD7291FB5ECFB915AF5" bold="true" box="[1127,1142,1943,1967]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72904B5ECFA865AF5" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1148,1377,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72904B5ECFB105AF5" box="[1148,1271,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
, male from Zhejiang. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72C4EB5C1FEAD5A88" bold="true" box="[310,330,1978,2002]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72CA9B5C0FD1A5A89" authority="Kirschenhofer" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityYear="2006" box="[465,765,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrasei">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72CA9B5C0FD815A88" box="[465,614,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Parena wrasei</emphasis>
Kirschenhofer
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72E59B5C0FC185A89" authority="Habu" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1967" box="[801,1023,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosai">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72E59B5C0FC5B5A89" box="[801,956,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Parena kurosai</emphasis>
Habu
</taxonomicName>
]. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72968B5C0FBC35A89" bold="true" box="[1040,1060,1979,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72952B5C0FB295A89" authority="Habu" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1967" box="[1066,1230,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosai">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72952B5C0FB695A89" box="[1066,1166,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. kurosai</emphasis>
Habu
</taxonomicName>
, male from Nepal. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD728EAB5C0FA7B5A89" bold="true" box="[1426,1436,1979,2003]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66272FFD72DEFB5A4FEDD5AAD" authority="Habu" authorityName="Habu" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,314,2015,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosai">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276272FFD72DEFB5A4FF1C5AAD" box="[151,251,2015,2039]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. kurosai</emphasis>
Habu
</taxonomicName>
, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6273FFD52DBFB3A1FC925E63" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356273FFD62DBFB3A1FB4A5F43" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62DBFB3A1FEBE5CAE" bold="true" box="[199,345,474,500]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06273FFD62C13B3A0FE5D5CAF" box="[363,442,475,501]" captionStart="MAP 6" captionStartId="49.[152,211,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1065,1955]" captionTargetId="figure-369@49.[151,1436,1065,1955]" captionText="MAP 6. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963669/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Map 6</figureCitation>
, blue). 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62F6CB3A0FDB05CAF" box="[532,599,475,501]" name="China" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62F11B3A0FD275CAF" box="[617,704,475,501]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Beijing</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62FB6B3A0FCFD5CAF" box="[718,794,475,501]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Henan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62E50B3A0FC625CAF" box="[808,901,475,501]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62EEBB3A0FC1D5CAF" box="[915,1018,475,501]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62970B3A0FBB25CAF" box="[1032,1109,475,501]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hunan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD6291CB3A0FB205CAF" box="[1124,1223,475,501]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD629ADB3A0FAD55CAF" box="[1237,1330,475,501]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62838B3A0FA7E5CAF" box="[1344,1433,475,501]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62DEFB384FF0C5F43" box="[151,235,511,537]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Xizang</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76273FFD62D8EB384FEB35F43" box="[246,340,511,537]" country="China" name="Taiwan)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Taiwan)</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62C27B384FE4D5F43" box="[351,426,511,537]" name="Russia" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Russia</collectingCountry>
(Primorye), 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62F41B384FD9B5F43" box="[569,636,511,537]" name="Japan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62FFFB384FCF05F43" box="[647,791,511,537]" name="South Korea" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62E59B384FC645F43" box="[801,899,511,537]" name="Vietnam" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62EF6B384FC205F43" box="[910,967,511,537]" name="Laos" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Laos</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62EABB384FBFE5F43" box="[979,1049,511,537]" name="Nepal" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, North 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62914B384FB4E5F43" box="[1132,1193,511,537]" name="India" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356273FFD62DBFB059FB5C5F3B" blockId="53.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62DBFB059FE0F5F66" bold="true" box="[199,488,546,572]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Geographical variation.</emphasis>
This species has a wide distributional range in 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62962B058FB6E5F67" box="[1050,1161,547,573]" name="China" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">East Asia</collectingCountry>
, northeast to 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62851B058FA8E5F67" box="[1321,1385,547,573]" name="Japan" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Japan</collectingCountry>
and southwest to 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56273FFD62C53B03CFE895F3B" box="[299,366,583,609]" name="Nepal" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06273FFD62C04B03CFE2F5F3B" box="[380,456,583,609]" captionStart="MAP 6" captionStartId="49.[152,211,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1065,1955]" captionTargetId="figure-369@49.[151,1436,1065,1955]" captionText="MAP 6. Distributions for species in the Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7963669/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Map 6</figureCitation>
). Its external features vary geographically in the following aspects:
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5197BD6273FFD62DEFB6A0FC71584D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958995" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958995/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,250,1243,1267]" targetBox="[158,1427,645,1215]" targetPageId="53" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356273FFD62DEFB6A0FC71584D" blockId="53.[151,1436,1243,1304]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62DEFB6A0FEFD59A9" bold="true" box="[151,282,1243,1267]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 28</emphasis>
. Median lobe of male genitalia for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66273FFD62FFFB6A7FBAE59AE" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[647,1097,1244,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera" subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62FFFB6A7FD3659A9" box="[647,721,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62F98B6A7FC8D59AE" box="[736,874,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62E02B6A7FC3A59AE" box="[890,989,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
, right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62CA4B684FE09584D" bold="true" box="[476,494,1279,1303]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
Zhejiang. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62F24B77BFD8A5842" bold="true" box="[604,621,1280,1304]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">B</emphasis>
Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5197BD6273FFD62DEFB5EFFC6D5A95" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958997/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,250,1940,1964]" targetBox="[158,1426,1340,1908]" targetPageId="53" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356273FFD62DEFB5EFFC6D5A95" blockId="53.[151,1437,1940,2000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62DEFB5EFFEFF5AF6" bold="true" box="[151,280,1940,1964]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 29</emphasis>
. Median lobe of male genitalia for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66273FFD62F01B5EEFBD45AF6" authority="(Schaum)" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[633,1075,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera" subGenus="Bothynoptera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62F01B5EEFD245AF6" box="[633,707,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Parena</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62FA9B5EFFCBC5AF6" box="[721,859,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Bothynoptera</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62E11B5EFFC2B5AF6" box="[873,972,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">dorsigera</emphasis>
(Schaum)
</taxonomicName>
from different localities, left-lateral (l) and dorsal (d) views: 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62CE9B5C3FE445A8A" bold="true" box="[401,419,1976,2000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
Nepal. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62C8BB5C3FDE35A8A" bold="true" box="[499,516,1976,2000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">B</emphasis>
India. 
<emphasis id="B95A1B276273FFD62F33B5C3FDBA5A8A" bold="true" box="[587,605,1976,2000]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">C</emphasis>
Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356270FFD52DEFB2ECFE635C1B" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(1) Coloration: the dorsum is gradually darkened from north to south. In northern localities such as 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52984B2ECFAD85DEB" box="[1276,1343,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52832B2ECFA7F5DEB" box="[1354,1432,151,177]" name="Russia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Russia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52DBEB2C0FEEA5D8F" box="[198,269,187,213]" name="South Korea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Korea</collectingCountry>
, and North 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52CEDB2C0FE3C5D8F" box="[405,475,187,213]" name="China" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">China</collectingCountry>
, the dorsum is always reddish brown (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52EEDB2C0FBD95D8F" box="[917,1086,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 27B, 27F</figureCitation>
); in southern localities such as 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52DBEB2A4FECF5DA3" box="[198,296,223,249]" name="Vietnam" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52C4BB2A4FE8B5DA3" box="[307,364,223,249]" name="Laos" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Laos</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52CD0B2A4FE1A5DA3" box="[424,509,223,249]" name="Taiwan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, the dorsum is often piceous (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52E37B2A4FC535DA3" box="[847,948,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 27E</figureCitation>
), but dark brown individuals occur as well. In the western localities such as Yunnan, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52FE9B378FD305C47" box="[657,727,259,285]" name="Nepal" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, and Sikkim, the dorum is usually dark brown to reddish brown (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52DB6B35CFE905C1B" box="[206,375,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 27C, 27D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356270FFD52DEFB330FB8A5CF7" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(2) Elytra patch: the reddish yellow elytra central patch only presents in specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD529E3B330FB395C3F" box="[1179,1246,331,357]" name="Nepal" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nepal</collectingCountry>
and North 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD5281BB330FA7A5C3F" box="[1379,1437,331,357]" name="India" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">India</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52DB6B314FED05CD3" box="[206,311,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
), such as the 
<typeStatus id="549579976270FFD52CB6B314FDEE5CD3" box="[462,521,367,393]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52F57B314FD5F5CD3" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[559,696,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52F57B314FD5F5CD3" box="[559,696,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52F97B314FC665CD3" authorityName="Kirschenhofer" authorityYear="1994" box="[751,897,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalensis">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52F97B314FC665CD3" box="[751,897,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. nepalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the background color of the elytra is light brown in some specimens, so that the patch is somewhat indistinct (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52E80B3E8FB865CF7" box="[1016,1121,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,183,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-28@52.[205,1383,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 27. Habitus of Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera species group. A Holotype of Parena dorsigera (Schaum). B Lectotype of Bothynoptera perforata Bates [= Parena dorsigera (Schaum)]. C P. dorsigera (Schaum), female from Yunnan (Kunming). D P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Nepal. E P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Taiwan. F P. dorsigera (Schaum), male from Zhejiang. G Holotype of Parena wrasei Kirschenhofer [= Parena kurosai Habu]. H P. kurosai Habu, male from Nepal. I P. kurosai Habu, male from Guangdong. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958993/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356270FFD52DEFB3CCFD0B5FF3" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(3) Elytral apex: the elytral apical truncation is very distinct with prominent outer apical angles in this species. However, the shape of elytra apices varies slightly from northeast to southwest. In specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52854B3A0FA8B5CAF" box="[1324,1388,475,501]" name="Japan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Japan</collectingCountry>
and Primorye, the elytra apical truncation is bisinuate with the inner half curved outward and the outer half slightly concave inward (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52CFBB058FE355F67" box="[387,466,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
), as in the 
<typeStatus id="549579976270FFD52F3EB058FD915F67" box="[582,630,547,573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52FE1B058FCFA5F67" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[665,797,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52FE1B058FCFA5F67" box="[665,797,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In specimens from northern and eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD5299DB058FACC5F67" box="[1253,1323,547,573]" name="China" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">China</collectingCountry>
, the elytra apical truncation is often nearly straight (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52FEAB03CFD065F3B" box="[658,737,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5I</figureCitation>
). In southern localities, such as 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD5293EB03CFB6B5F3B" box="[1094,1164,583,609]" name="Nepal" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD529EEB03CFB1F5F3B" box="[1174,1272,583,609]" name="Vietnam" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and southernmost 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52C7BB010FEAE5FDF" box="[259,329,619,645]" name="China" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">China</collectingCountry>
, the elytra apical truncation is strongly concave inward (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52EC4B010FBF15FDF" box="[956,1046,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
). However, the degree of curvature gradually increases from north to south in 
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56270FFD52FD9B0F4FD0F5FF3" box="[673,744,655,681]" name="China" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91C7356270FFD52DBFB0ACFC925E63" blockId="54.[151,1436,727,933]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Although these above differences are evident, we apply a wide species concept of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52928B0ACFB305FAB" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1104,1239,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52928B0ACFB305FAB" box="[1104,1239,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, without dividing it into subspecies, because these characters gradually vary by distance, and there is no significant difference in male genitalia among specimens from different localities (
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52F9EB164FCDB5E63" box="[742,828,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,645,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-219@53.[151,1436,633,1220]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 28. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), right-lateral (r), ventral (v), leftlateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Zhejiang. B Taiwan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958995/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06270FFD52E30B164FC8F5E63" box="[840,872,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,1340,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-257@53.[151,1436,1328,1916]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 29. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum) from different localities, left-lateral (l) and dorsal (d) views: A Nepal. B India. C Yunnan. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958997/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">29</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33494BE6270FFD52DBFB138FB945EFF" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B91C7356270FFD52DBFB138FB945EFF" blockId="54.[151,1436,727,933]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52DBFB138FED35E07" bold="true" box="[199,308,835,861]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFBAC46270FFD52C39B138FE1C5E07" author="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y." box="[321,507,835,861]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="185 - 195" refId="ref113326" refString="Xie, W. P. &amp; Yu, P. Y. (1993) On the Chinese species of Parena Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Sinozoologia, 10, 185 - 195." type="journal article" year="1993">Xie &amp; Yu (1993)</bibRefCitation>
recorded 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52F11B138FD165E07" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[617,753,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52F11B138FD165E07" box="[617,753,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="49EA09D76270FFD52E4BB138FC6B5E07" box="[819,908,835,861]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, and indicated that this species is different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52DEFB11CFEFA5EDB" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,285,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bothynoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perforata">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52DEFB11CFEFA5EDB" box="[151,285,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. perforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having five setigerous pores on interval 3 and one pore on interval 5. After the examination of their specimen, we found the description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66270FFD52F32B1F0FD355EFF" baseAuthorityName="Schaum" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[586,722,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsigera">
<emphasis id="B95A1B276270FFD52F32B1F0FD355EFF" box="[586,722,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. dorsigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on an aberrant individual.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>