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<document id="7951C55584A710D954AEE623DBCF01FE" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.926.2469" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10847806" ID-ZooBank="A00D7669-2151-46AE-A066-9AF4D0F2BEEE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1711011351298" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jochum, Adrienne, Michalik, Peter, Inäbnit, Thomas, Kneubühler, Jeannette, Slapnik, Rajko, Vrabec, Marko, Schilthuizen, Menno &amp; Ruthensteiner, Bernhard" docDate="2024" docId="03B0879DFF9DFFE9FE30D609FE3CFADD" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.926.1-62.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 926" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2469/10973" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="350FE557-2298-40E7-A194-737D62B4303E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FF89FFE5FFBAFFC0FFFFD700FFD4FFD4" masterDocTitle="3 D X-ray microscopy (Micro-CT) and SEM reveal Zospeum troglobalcanicum Absolon, 1916 and allied species from the Western Balkans (Ellobioidea: Carychiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1711118001397" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="72B64AFA3FBBFD4225E85BE10A8DE1C4">3 D X-ray microscopy (Micro-CT) and SEM reveal Zospeum troglobalcanicum Absolon, 1916 and allied species from the Western Balkans (Ellobioidea: Carychiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E812D0D2DE766664A6952DE435AD21FC">Jochum, Adrienne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="095590B3C5E46A7CEC2FF6AC87C912FB">Michalik, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="56912DCDBE5ED7A75F856FD42202360B">Inäbnit, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="127B54E8D6DCC476705CC2C7A052A972">Institute for Biochemistry &amp; Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24 - 25, House 26, D- 14476 Potsdam, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A7D0A1DEF1391EC3B4CE3FB212312EEC">Kneubühler, Jeannette</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6E271189E09A9A9C3DEB78A8708010CF">Naturhistorisches Museum Bern, Bernastrasse 15, CH- 3005 Bern, Switzerland. &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH- 3012 Bern, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A12B816C3A6921C97296F79469B5799">ZOSPEUM, Molluscs, Cave &amp; Karst Biological Consulting, Drnovškova pot 2, Mekinje, SI 1240 Kamnik, Slovenia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C8236A2DF6D2B4F5673E6ADBFF1AE800">Vrabec, Marko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C42CA152B314FB52CE15C7ECF7AB79BF">Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Aškerčeva 12, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FDC03B1ACEAD6E6E8511274834ADFD08">Schilthuizen, Menno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6162EE327C21B73B64625DF986A9A2A2">Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Leiden University, Vondellaan 55, NL- 2332 AA Leiden, The Netherlands.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="6A240C2D56783B6CCD97EA92DC7175A9">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF9DFFE7FE30D609FBD7FEF7" authority="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[463,1027,265,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constrictum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FE30D609FD0CFEF7" bold="true" box="[463,728,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Zospeum constrictum</emphasis>
Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner
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<figureCitation id="13222A0EFF9DFFE7FD27D64FFC8FFEBE" box="[728,859,335,362]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="39.[191,234,1928,1954]" captionStartId-1="40.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1327,1888]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetId-0="figure-209@39.[189,1398,1327,1888]" captionTargetId-1="figure-168@40.[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetPageId-0="39" captionTargetPageId-1="40" captionText-0="Fig. 13. Light microscopic images of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693) and collection labels.A. Holotype, aperture, and dorsal views.B–D. Paratypes, aperture and dorsal views." captionText-1="Fig. 14. 3D visualizations of Micro-CT data of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693). A–F. Holotype. A. Aperture and dorsal views. B. Aperture facing right view. C. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. D. Dorsal view. E. Aperture facing left view. F. Ventral view. G–L. Paratype (Fig. 13B). G. Aperture view. H. Aperture facing right view. I. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. J. Dorsal view. K. Aperture facing left view. L. Ventral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847842" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847846" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10847842/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10847846/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 13–14</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FF42D691FEE2FE7F" bold="true" box="[189,310,401,427]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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Shell ca 
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, conical with 5½ irregularly coiled and partially flattened whorls, with ca ⅔ of the last whorl compressed under the penultimate whorl and expanding again at last quarter as it approaches the aperture; entire peristome widely reflected; peristome notch pronounced; columella centrally aligned, smooth with irregularities; no lamella; last ¼ whorl coils high up shell on ventral side with basal palatal lip almost horizontally aligned.
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<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FF42D58EFE90FD7C" bold="true" box="[189,324,654,680]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF9DFFE7FF42D5BCFB1BFD2D" blockId="39.[189,1398,700,761]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">This species is named for the tightly compressed coiling and tightening (constricting) of the last whorl placing it partially underneath the penultimate whorl (seen best from apical perspective).</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FF42D421FEB8FCEE" bold="true" box="[189,364,800,827]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54A28829FF9DFFE7FF15D44FFE88FCBD" box="[234,348,847,873]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<materialsCitation id="3B713CD6FF9DFFE7FF42D473FBA0FC07" collectionCode="NHMW Mol.Coll." collectorName="Edlauer" country="Croatia" county="Brikinjava" latitude="43.3452" location="Biokovo mountains" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="17.0971" municipality="Kuscer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCode="NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dalmatia" typeStatus="holotype">
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• (
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, 
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); “Dalmatien Ostfuss des Biokovogebirge, Grotte bei Turija com. Kuščer” [
<collectingRegion id="49DDF869FF9DFFE7FED3D496FE4AFC64" box="[300,414,918,944]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Dalmatia</collectingRegion>
, eastern foot of the 
<location id="8EC66050FF9DFFE7FD73D496FCA2FC64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0879DFF9DFFE9FE30D609FE3CFADD:8EC66050FF9DFFE7FD73D496FCA2FC64" box="[652,886,918,944]" country="Croatia" county="Brikinjava" latitude="43.3452" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="17.0971" municipality="Kuscer" name="Biokovo mountains" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Dalmatia">Biokovo mountains</location>
, cave by 
<location id="8EC66050FF9DFFE7FC18D496FBFAFC64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0879DFF9DFFE9FE30D609FE3CFADD:8EC66050FF9DFFE7FC18D496FBFAFC64" box="[999,1070,918,944]" country="Croatia" county="Brikinjava" latitude="43.3452" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="17.0971" municipality="Kuscer" name="Turija" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Dalmatia">Turija</location>
communicated by Kuščer]; [Brikinjava špilja]; [
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF9DFFE7FE56D4B9FDE3FC07" box="[425,567,953,980]" degrees="43.3452" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="5" value="43.3452">43.3452° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF9DFFE7FDBCD4B9FD1FFC07" box="[579,715,953,979]" degrees="17.0971" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="5" value="17.0971">17.0971° E</geoCoordinate>
]; 
<collectionCode id="ED08AE4EFF9DFFE7FD1FD4B9FC61FC07" box="[736,949,953,979]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">NHMW Mol.Coll.</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26EC535DFF9DFFE7FC4BD4B9FBC0FC07" box="[948,1044,953,979]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Edlauer</collectorName>
16.693.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF9DFFE7FF15D4FAFEB3FBC0" blockId="39.[189,1399,1018,1115]" box="[234,359,1018,1044]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FF15D4FAFEB3FBC0" bold="true" box="[234,359,1018,1044]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="54A28829FF9DFFE7FF15D4FAFEB3FBC0" box="[234,359,1018,1044]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF9DFFE7FF42D31EFEACFB8F" blockId="39.[189,1399,1018,1115]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<materialsCitation id="3B713CD6FF9DFFE7FF42D31EFEA0FB8F" collectionCode="NHMW Mol.Coll." collectorName="Edlauer" country="Croatia" county="Brikinjava" latitude="43.3452" location="CROATIA" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="17.0971" municipality="Kuscer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F30E761BFF9DFFE7FF42D31EFEE8FBEC" box="[189,316,1054,1080]" name="Croatia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CROATIA</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD02FF9DFFE7FEA7D31EFE65FBEC" box="[344,433,1054,1080]" count="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="generic">3 specs</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="13222A0EFF9DFFE7FE3CD31DFD8CFBEC" box="[451,600,1053,1080]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[191,234,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1327,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-209@39.[189,1398,1327,1888]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 13. Light microscopic images of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693) and collection labels.A. Holotype, aperture, and dorsal views.B–D. Paratypes, aperture and dorsal views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847842/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 13B–D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A0EFF9DFFE7FD98D31EFD6BFBEC" box="[615,703,1054,1080]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-168@40.[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 14. 3D visualizations of Micro-CT data of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693). A–F. Holotype. A. Aperture and dorsal views. B. Aperture facing right view. C. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. D. Dorsal view. E. Aperture facing left view. F. Ventral view. G–L. Paratype (Fig. 13B). G. Aperture view. H. Aperture facing right view. I. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. J. Dorsal view. K. Aperture facing left view. L. Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847846/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">14G–L</figureCitation>
); same collection data as for holotype; 
<collectionCode id="ED08AE4EFF9DFFE7FB64D31EFAA3FBE3" box="[1179,1399,1053,1080]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">NHMW Mol.Coll.</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26EC535DFF9DFFE7FF42D341FECCFB8F" box="[189,280,1089,1115]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Edlauer</collectorName>
16.693
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF666603FF9DFFE7FF40D088FE25F83C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10847842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847842/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[191,234,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,1327,1888]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF9DFFE7FF40D088FE25F83C" blockId="39.[189,1401,1928,2025]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FF40D088FEC9F876" bold="true" box="[191,285,1928,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
Light microscopic images of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF9DFFE7FD82D089FB72F876" authority="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[637,1190,1928,1954]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constrictum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FD82D089FCAFF876" box="[637,891,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Zospeum constrictum</emphasis>
Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57E2FF9DFFE7FB51D088FADDF876" box="[1198,1289,1928,1954]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693) and collection labels. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FD19D0ABFD2FF811" bold="true" box="[742,763,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
. Holotype, aperture, and dorsal views. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF9DFFE7FB45D0ABFB25F811" bold="true" box="[1210,1265,1963,1989]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B–D</emphasis>
. Paratypes, aperture and dorsal views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3036500FF92FFE9FF42D608FD7DFD39" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF92FFE8FF42D608FE9AFEF6" blockId="40.[189,334,264,290]" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="D0EE81E7FF92FFE8FF42D608FE9AFEF6" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FF42D608FE9AFEF6" bold="true" box="[189,334,264,290]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF92FFE8FF42D638FC73FE43" blockId="40.[188,1398,311,408]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<smallCapsWord id="8D40A057FF92FFE8FF42D638FEBAFE84" baselines="331,331" box="[189,366,312,338]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. 
<typeStatus id="54A28829FF92FFE8FE83D637FE3AFE85" box="[380,494,311,337]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: sh: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FDDED637FD4EFE86" box="[545,666,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.308" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.308">1.308 mm</quantity>
; sw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FD2AD637FC9AFE86" box="[725,846,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.051" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.051">1.051 mm</quantity>
; ah: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FC7BD637FC29FE86" box="[900,1021,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.02" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.702">0.702 mm</quantity>
; aw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FBC6D637FB66FE86" box="[1081,1202,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.23" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.623">0.623 mm</quantity>
; hlw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FB07D637FAA6FE86" box="[1272,1394,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.379999999999999" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.938">0.938 mm</quantity>
; SA: 59.24 deg. 
<typeStatus id="54A28829FF92FFE8FE8FD65BFE36FEA1" box="[368,482,347,373]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(N = 3): sh: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FD8BD65AFCE9FEA1" box="[628,829,346,373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4209999999999998" metricValueMax="1.537" metricValueMin="1.305" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.4209999999999998" valueMax="1.537" valueMin="1.305">
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FD8BD65AFD61FEA1" box="[628,693,346,373]" degrees="1.305" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="1.305">1.305</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FD4AD65AFCD3FEA1" box="[693,775,346,373]" degrees="1.537" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="-1.537">–1.537</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
; sw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FC88D65AFB95FEA1" box="[887,1089,346,373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0105" metricValueMax="1.055" metricValueMin="0.966" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.0105" valueMax="1.055" valueMin="0.966">
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FC88D65AFC6EFEA1" box="[887,954,346,373]" degrees="0.966" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="0.966">0.966</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FC44D65AFBDEFEA1" box="[955,1034,346,373]" degrees="1.055" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="-1.055">–1.055</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
; ah: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FB89D65AFA94FEA1" box="[1142,1344,346,373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.68" valueMin="0.62">
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FB89D65AFB6CFEA0" box="[1142,1208,346,372]" degrees="0.620" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="0.62">0.620</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FB47D65AFADDFEA0" box="[1208,1289,346,372]" degrees="0.680" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="-0.68">–0.680</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
; aw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FF43D67DFE53FE4C" box="[188,391,381,408]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.145" metricValueMax="6.89" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.6145" valueMax="0.689" valueMin="0.54">
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FF43D67DFF2AFE4C" box="[188,254,381,408]" degrees="0.540" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="0.54">0.540</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FF01D67DFE9BFE4C" box="[254,335,381,408]" degrees="0.689" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="-0.689">–0.689</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
; hlw: 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF92FFE8FE31D67DFD4DFE4C" box="[462,665,381,408]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.405" metricValueMax="9.12" metricValueMin="7.69" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.8405" valueMax="0.912" valueMin="0.769">
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FE31D67DFDC4FE43" box="[462,528,381,407]" degrees="0.769" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="0.769">0.769</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D504CFF92FFE8FDEFD67DFDB5FE43" box="[528,609,381,407]" degrees="0.912" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="-0.912">–0.912</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
; SA: 57.56–76.14 deg.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF666603FF92FFE8FF42D01EFC06F83C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847846" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10847846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847846/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[189,1398,514,1783]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF92FFE8FF42D01EFC06F83C" blockId="40.[188,1399,1822,2025]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FF42D01EFECEF8EC" bold="true" box="[189,282,1822,1848]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
3D visualizations of Micro-CT data of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF92FFE8FD14D01FFAC1F8EC" authority="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[747,1301,1822,1848]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constrictum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FD14D01FFC3EF8EC" box="[747,1002,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Zospeum constrictum</emphasis>
Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57E2FF92FFE8FAE3D01FFAA3F8ED" box="[1308,1399,1823,1849]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693). 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FD91D041FD70F88F" bold="true" box="[622,676,1857,1883]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A–F</emphasis>
. Holotype. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FCCDD041FC92F88F" bold="true" box="[818,838,1857,1883]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
. Aperture and dorsal views. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FB63D042FB7BF888" bold="true" box="[1180,1199,1858,1884]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
. Aperture facing right view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FEBAD064FE8DF8AA" bold="true" box="[325,345,1892,1918]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FAFCD065FACCF8AB" bold="true" box="[1283,1304,1893,1919]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">D</emphasis>
. Dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FEF7D088FEC8F876" bold="true" box="[264,284,1928,1954]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">E</emphasis>
. Aperture facing left view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FD89D088FD5CF876" bold="true" box="[630,648,1928,1954]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">F</emphasis>
. Ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FCB8D088FC54F876" bold="true" box="[839,896,1928,1954]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">G–L</emphasis>
. Paratype (Fig. 13B). 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FB65D088FB65F876" bold="true" box="[1178,1201,1928,1954]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">G</emphasis>
. Aperture view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FF42D0ABFF00F811" bold="true" box="[189,212,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">H</emphasis>
. Aperture facing right view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FDDCD0ABFDFAF811" bold="true" box="[547,558,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">I</emphasis>
. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FEFAD0CEFEC0F83C" bold="true" box="[261,276,1998,2024]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">J</emphasis>
. Dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FE42D0CEFE00F83C" bold="true" box="[445,468,1998,2024]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K</emphasis>
. Aperture facing left view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF92FFE8FCE9D0CEFCFEF83C" bold="true" box="[790,810,1998,2024]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">L</emphasis>
. Ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF93FFE9FF42D609FD7DFD39" blockId="41.[188,1401,263,749]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
Shell ca 
<quantity id="4CE19B6EFF93FFE9FED6D609FE5DFEF7" box="[297,393,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
, conical, with 5½ irregularly coiled convex and partially flattened whorls; opaque; aperture ovate; teleoconch sculpture with intervals of irregular blunt growth lines and weak radial banding; ⅔ of the last whorl compressed under the penultimate whorl and expanding again at last quarter as it approaches the aperture; peristome entirely reflected; aperture higher than wide; peristome thickly callused on parietal shield and on basal columellar side, columellar side roundish and slightly expanded; parietal shield straight with pronounced notch at upper parietal and palatal junction; height of last whorl greater than half of shell height; upper rim of peristome recedes ca 
<superScript id="7C6C9BC3FF93FFE9FC3AD6DCFC1AFE3E" attach="right" box="[965,974,476,490]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1</superScript>
/ 
<subScript id="179D34CEFF93FFE9FC29D6E7FC0BFE21" attach="left" box="[982,991,487,501]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7</subScript>
the width of the penultimate whorl (aperture facing left); last part of body whorl widens towards the aperture (aperture facing left) such that the spire appears to be sinking into the body whorl; columella centrally aligned, moderately thick, either smooth with bumpy irregularities and/or with a partial lamella positioned above mid-section of columella; ventral side swollen with shallow umbilical depression; columellar side of peristome positioned directly above umbilical depression with final coiling of last whorl high up shell on ventral side with peristome base almost horizontally aligned due to minimal basal reflection (
<figureCitation id="13222A0EFF93FFE9FB25D5AFFABCFD1D" box="[1242,1384,687,713]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-168@40.[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 14. 3D visualizations of Micro-CT data of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693). A–F. Holotype. A. Aperture and dorsal views. B. Aperture facing right view. C. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. D. Dorsal view. E. Aperture facing left view. F. Ventral view. G–L. Paratype (Fig. 13B). G. Aperture view. H. Aperture facing right view. I. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. J. Dorsal view. K. Aperture facing left view. L. Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847846/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 14F, L</figureCitation>
); alignment of last 
<superScript id="7C6C9BC3FF93FFE9FE76D5D2FE46FD34" attach="right" box="[393,402,722,736]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1</superScript>
/ 
<subScript id="179D34CEFF93FFE9FE65D5DDFE77FD3F" attach="left" box="[410,419,733,747]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">5</subScript>
whorl is not compact.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3036500FF93FFE9FF42D414FEC9FC54" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF93FFE9FF42D414FE82FCFA" blockId="41.[189,342,788,814]" box="[189,342,788,814]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="D0EE81E7FF93FFE9FF42D414FE82FCFA" bold="true" box="[189,342,788,814]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FF42D414FE82FCFA" bold="true" box="[189,342,788,814]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF93FFE9FF42D442FEC9FC54" blockId="41.[189,1398,834,896]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
This species is only known from its 
<typeStatus id="54A28829FF93FFE9FD8ED443FD70FC89" box="[625,676,835,861]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
locality cave, Brikinjava špilja in the Biokovo mountains of 
<collectingCountry id="F30E761BFF93FFE9FF40D466FECDFC54" box="[191,281,870,896]" name="Croatia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Croatia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3036500FF93FFE9FF42D4A7FE3CFADD" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF93FFE9FF42D4A7FEFBFC15" blockId="41.[189,303,935,961]" box="[189,303,935,961]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="D0EE81E7FF93FFE9FF42D4A7FEFBFC15" bold="true" box="[189,303,935,961]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FF42D4A7FEFBFC15" bold="true" box="[189,303,935,961]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6368BFF93FFE9FF42D4D6FE3CFADD" blockId="41.[189,1400,982,1290]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
This species is most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FDB1D4D6FBFEFC24" authority="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Michalik &amp; Inäbnit &amp; Kneubühler &amp; Slapnik &amp; Vrabec &amp; Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[590,1066,982,1008]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tortuosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FDB1D4D6FD3FFC3B" box="[590,747,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. tortuosum</emphasis>
Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57E2FF93FFE9FBC7D4D6FB4FFC24" box="[1080,1179,982,1008]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FB51D4D6FE3DFBC7" authority="Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Michalik &amp; Inäbnit &amp; Kneubühler &amp; Slapnik &amp; Vrabec &amp; Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dubokidoense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FB51D4D6FAA3FC24" box="[1198,1399,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. dubokidoense</emphasis>
Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57E2FF93FFE9FE0AD4F9FD82FBC7" box="[501,598,1017,1043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FD99D4FAFB02FBC7" authority="Jochum, Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityName="Jochum, Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[614,1238,1017,1043]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="njunjicae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FD99D4FAFD2CFBC7" box="[614,760,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. njunjicae</emphasis>
Jochum, Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57E2FF93FFE9FB1DD4F9FA95FBC7" box="[1250,1345,1017,1043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FF42D31DFEECFBE2" authorityName="Inabnit, Jochum &amp; Neubert" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,312,1052,1078]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FF42D31DFEECFBE2" box="[189,312,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the towering spire projects above the body whorl, causing the body whorl to almost disappear underneath the right side of the penultimate whorl before the aperture when studied in apical view (
<figureCitation id="13222A0EFF93FFE9FEF8D362FE5DFBA9" box="[263,393,1122,1149]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-168@40.[189,1398,514,1783]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 14. 3D visualizations of Micro-CT data of Zospeum constrictum Jochum &amp; Ruthensteiner sp. nov. (NHMW Mol.Coll.Edlauer 16.693). A–F. Holotype. A. Aperture and dorsal views. B. Aperture facing right view. C. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. D. Dorsal view. E. Aperture facing left view. F. Ventral view. G–L. Paratype (Fig. 13B). G. Aperture view. H. Aperture facing right view. I. Apical view showing upper right side of final whorl tucked underneath spire. J. Dorsal view. K. Aperture facing left view. L. Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10847846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10847846/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 14C, I</figureCitation>
). It differs from these species in that the penultimate whorl extends beyond the upper righthand side of the body whorl such that it disappears under the spire while the last part of coiling extends beyond the shell spire causing the peristome to conspicuously flare out from beneath it. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FF42D3CDFE83FB32" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Michalik &amp; Inäbnit &amp; Kneubühler &amp; Slapnik &amp; Vrabec &amp; Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[189,343,1229,1254]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tortuosum">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FF42D3CDFE83FB32" box="[189,343,1229,1254]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. tortuosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FE96D3CDFDFAFB32" authorityName="Jochum &amp; Michalik &amp; Inäbnit &amp; Kneubühler &amp; Slapnik &amp; Vrabec &amp; Schilthuizen &amp; Ruthensteiner" authorityYear="2024" box="[361,558,1228,1254]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dubokidoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FE96D3CDFDFAFB32" box="[361,558,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. dubokidoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D08FF93FFE9FD93D3CDFD3DFB32" authorityName="Inabnit, Jochum &amp; Neubert" authorityYear="2021" box="[620,745,1228,1254]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ellobiidae" genus="Zospeum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ellobiida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="B96DEA99FF93FFE9FD93D3CDFD3DFB32" box="[620,745,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. simplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the body whorl and peristome tightly conform to the contour of the shell spire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>