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<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCDFFAE1388B76EA199054B" blockId="16.[151,441,1824,1850]" box="[151,441,1824,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">
<heading id="D0CE81B9FFCDFFAE1388B76EA199054B" bold="true" box="[151,441,1824,1850]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE1388B76EA199054B" bold="true" box="[151,441,1824,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCDFFAE13FDB76EA199054B" authority="Fennah" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[226,441,1824,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini Fennah</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C323655EFFCDFFAF1388B728A447004D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCDFFAF1388B728A56402C1" blockId="16.[151,1437,1894,2027]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE1388B728A10B050E" bold="true" box="[151,299,1894,1919]" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">Description.</emphasis>
Gonapophyses IX linear or slightly sinuate, average length 2770.743323.49 µm, width 99.87 126.75 µm; apical third with 1627 broadly rounded teeth; four teeth widely (
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCDFFAE1712B7C4A4AD05D2" box="[1037,1165,1930,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[194,1378,260,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[194,1378,260,1807]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Key diagnostic features of Delphacidae IV. A. lateral view of aedeagal complex of Tagosodes orizicolus (Delphacinae: Delphacini) removed from male pygofer (consisting of aedeagus, parameres, connective, anal tube and column); B. enlarged gonoplacs of Frameus simatus (Stenocraninae: Stenocranini); C. ventral view of hind tibia and calcar for Stenocranus sp. (Stenocraninae: Stenocranini), D. same for Sogatella kolophon (Delphacinae: Delphacini); E. Saccharosydne sp. (Delphacinae: Saccharosydnini)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588817/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">Figs 5C, D</figureCitation>
) spaced, approximately 28.25
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE13C0B7FEA0CF05B6" box="[223,239,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">µ</emphasis>
m apart, placed posteriorly (most noticeable in
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE1010B7FEA3E905B6" box="[783,969,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCDFFAE1010B7FEA3E505B6" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1921" box="[783,965,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Ugyops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kellersi">Ugyops kellersi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCDFFAE10CDB7E0A41505B6" box="[978,1077,1966,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,221,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[157,1432,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of gonapophysis IX (apex of gonapophysis in inset) for Asiracinae A) Asiraca clavicornis; B) Copicerus irroratus; C) Ugyops sp.; and D) Ugyops kellersi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588819/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">Fig. 6 D</figureCitation>
); ventral margin of apical third concave (slightly in
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCDFFAE1260B79AA1F5059A" box="[383,469,2004,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Ugyops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE1260B79AA1F5059A" box="[383,469,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">Ugyops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCDFFAE1114B79CA244059A" box="[523,612,2002,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,221,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[157,1432,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of gonapophysis IX (apex of gonapophysis in inset) for Asiracinae A) Asiraca clavicornis; B) Copicerus irroratus; C) Ugyops sp.; and D) Ugyops kellersi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588819/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
); raised, shelf-like plate adjacent to teeth (prominent in
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCDFFAE17FDB79AA578059A" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1921" box="[1250,1368,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Ugyops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kellersi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCDFFAE17FDB79AA578059A" box="[1250,1368,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="153">U. kellersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with series of pits or sensory structures and striated sculpturing, ventrally (especially on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF174FB0D7A48702C1" box="[1104,1191,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Ugyops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF174FB0D7A48702C1" box="[1104,1191,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Ugyops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCCFFAF17C2B0D9A51602C1" box="[1245,1334,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,221,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[157,1432,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral view of gonapophysis IX (apex of gonapophysis in inset) for Asiracinae A) Asiraca clavicornis; B) Copicerus irroratus; C) Ugyops sp.; and D) Ugyops kellersi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588819/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCCFFAF13D8B0F2A447004D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF13D8B0F2A13102A5" bold="true" box="[199,273,188,212]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF1204B0F2A1A502A4" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[283,389,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini</taxonomicName>
includes six genera in 122 species (two genera doubtfully distinct, but
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF17D9B0F3A53B02A5" box="[1222,1307,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Ugyops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF17D9B0F3A53B02A5" box="[1222,1307,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Ugyops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 100+ species is probably too broadly defined, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF11A8B091A3720289" author="Asche, M." box="[695,850,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref10992" refString="Asche, M. (1988 a) Preliminary thoughts on the phylogeny of Fulgoromorpha (Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). In: Vidano, C. &amp; Arzone, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6 th Auchenorrhyncha Meeting, Turin, Italy, 7 - 11 September, 1987. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy, pp. 47 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1988">Asche 1988a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF107BB091A4BE0289" author="Barringer, L. E. &amp; Bartlett, C. R." box="[868,1182,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="7 - 39" refId="ref11530" refString="Barringer, L. E. &amp; Bartlett, C. R. (2011) A review of New World Asiracinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae) with five new taxa. Cicadina, 12, 7 - 39." type="journal article" year="2011">Bartlett &amp; Barringer 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF17A7B091A5020289" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[1208,1314,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed in Central and South America, Western Pacific, and Southeast Asia; they are absent from Africa and
<collectingCountry id="F32E7645FFCCFFAF1388B169A1000331" box="[151,288,295,320]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, and most diverse in the Western Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1011B169A38E0331" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[782,942,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="245 - 265" refId="ref13154" refString="Fennah, R. G. (1959) Delphacidae from the Lesser Antilles (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 8, 245 - 265." type="journal article" year="1959">Fennah, 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF10A3B169A3D70331" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[956,1015,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="117 - 143" refId="ref13191" refString="Fennah, R. G. (1964). New species of Ugyops (Fulgoroidea: Delphacidae) from South America and South-east Asia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 15, 117 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 20537" type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1719B169A4BD0331" author="Asche, M." box="[1030,1181,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref10992" refString="Asche, M. (1988 a) Preliminary thoughts on the phylogeny of Fulgoromorpha (Homoptera Auchenorrhyncha). In: Vidano, C. &amp; Arzone, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6 th Auchenorrhyncha Meeting, Turin, Italy, 7 - 11 September, 1987. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy, pp. 47 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1988">Asche 1988a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF17B3B169A0F30315" author="Barringer, L. E. &amp; Bartlett, C. R." pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="7 - 39" refId="ref11530" refString="Barringer, L. E. &amp; Bartlett, C. R. (2011) A review of New World Asiracinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae) with five new taxa. Cicadina, 12, 7 - 39." type="journal article" year="2011">Barringer &amp; Bartlett, 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Most taxa are poorly known and plant associations are recorded only for a few species. Polyphagous plant associations include Dicotyledonae (woody dicots), Polypodiopsida (ferns), and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF173DB13EA4B703F9" box="[1058,1175,368,392]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecaceae" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="order">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF17B9B121A0F103DC" author="Caldwell, J. S. &amp; Martorell, L. F." pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="133 - 269" refId="ref12295" refString="Caldwell, J. S. &amp; Martorell, L. F. (1951 dated 1950) Review of the auchenorynchous Homoptera of Puerto Rico. &quot; Part II. The Fulgoroidea except Kinnaridae. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 34, 133 - 269." type="journal article" year="1951">Caldwell &amp; Martorell 1951</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF13C2B1DAA15203DD" author="Fennah, R. G." box="[221,370,404,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="563 - 609" refId="ref13300" refString="Fennah, R. G. (1971) Homoptera: Fulgoroidea, Supplement. Insects of Micronesia, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 6 (8), 563 - 609." type="journal article" year="1971">Fennah 1971</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1260B1DAA27203DD" author="Wilson, S. W. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R." box="[383,594,404,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="7 - 45" refId="ref15738" refString="Wilson, S. W., Mitter, C., Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R. (1994) Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: Denno, R. F. &amp; Perfect, T. J. (Eds.), Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 7 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 2395 - 6 _ 2" type="book chapter" year="1994">
Wilson
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF12C9B1DBA22803DC" box="[470,520,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
. 1994
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1142B1DAA36903DD" author="Lariviere, M. C. &amp; Fletcher, M. J. &amp; Larochelle, A." box="[605,841,404,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 232" refId="ref13951" refString="Lariviere, M. C., Fletcher, M. J. &amp; Larochelle, A. (2010) Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue. Fauna of New Zealand, 63, 1 - 232." type="journal article" year="2010">
Larivière
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF11D3B1DBA32503DC" box="[716,773,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1042B1DAA41F03DD" author="Wilson, S. W. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R." box="[861,1087,404,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="7 - 45" refId="ref15738" refString="Wilson, S. W., Mitter, C., Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R. (1994) Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: Denno, R. F. &amp; Perfect, T. J. (Eds.), Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 7 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 2395 - 6 _ 2" type="book chapter" year="1994">
Wilson
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF10ABB1DBA3C503DC" box="[948,997,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
. (1994)
</bibRefCitation>
reported plant associations for
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF1388B1F9A12103A1" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,257,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini</taxonomicName>
as 63% dicots, 25% Polypodiopsida and 12% monocots, but this was based on only eight confirmed records. The original (basal) plant associations of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF11CBB192A31E0384" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[724,830,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini</taxonomicName>
had been the subject of speculation since there is no clear pattern of plant associations, and many
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF11BBB1B1A32E0069" authorityName="Fennah" authorityYear="1979" box="[676,782,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ugyopini">Ugyopini</taxonomicName>
are island-associated, which show elevated rates of host shifting, making patterns of host associations difficult to ascertain (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCCFFAF1098B26AA47A004D" author="Wilson, S. W. &amp; Mitter, C. &amp; Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R." box="[903,1114,548,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" pagination="7 - 45" refId="ref15738" refString="Wilson, S. W., Mitter, C., Denno, R. F. &amp; Wilson, M. R. (1994) Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: Denno, R. F. &amp; Perfect, T. J. (Eds.), Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 7 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 2395 - 6 _ 2" type="book chapter" year="1994">
Wilson
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF10C0B26BA431004C" box="[991,1041,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
. 1994
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>