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<mods:title id="D95D6CA55E742F2726E6BE73C4DC54B4">Resurrection of the genus Similisinocarum (Apiaceae) based on evidence from morphology and ITS sequences</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C273375638C61107FC0D822F4A84E4F">Price, Megan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EA12261932C1C614854EAB7927C69D9B">Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2E437E00E2DBFF8A301B89FB8A4479A0">Zhou, Song-Dong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F28BBF9DB6D762874D5C76D74929205B">He, Xing-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="86A0D50AF7D4B40B88A4917FCAD10423">2021</mods:date>
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<heading id="D09B0C406F09EC34F9F5F8BFC250F8B7" box="[136,1032,1836,1863]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACD9D3D6F09EC34F9F5F8BFC566F8B7" author="Farille, M. A. &amp; Cauwet-Marc, A. &amp; Malla, S. B." box="[136,830,1836,1863]" page=")" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" year="1984">
<taxonomicName id="4C6CC0AF6F09EC34F9F5F8BFC566F8B7" ID-CoL="4XF93" authority="Cauwet &amp; Farille (1984: 68)" authorityName="Cauwet &amp; Farille" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1984" box="[136,830,1836,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Similisinocarum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="normanianum">
<emphasis id="B918673E6F09EC34F9F5F8BFC7ADF8B6" bold="true" box="[136,501,1836,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Similisinocarum normanianum</emphasis>
Cauwet &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFDC6DD6F09EC34FB08F8BFC566F8B7" author="Farille, M. A. &amp; Cauwet-Marc, A. &amp; Malla, S. B." box="[629,830,1836,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="63 - 73" refId="ref4571" refString="Farille, M. A., Cauwet-Marc, A. &amp; Malla, S. B. (1984) Apiaceae himalayenses I. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France Lettres Botaniques 131: 63 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01811797.1984.10824616" type="journal article" year="1984">Farille (1984: 68)</bibRefCitation>
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. (
<figureCitation id="1357A7A96F09EC34FA2CF8BFC5C7F8B6" box="[849,927,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1004,1026]" captionTargetBox="[198,1389,190,980]" captionTargetId="figure-34@6.[198,1389,190,980]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographs of Similisinocarum normanianum. A. Habit; B. Flowering umbel with bracts; C. Flowering umbellet with bracteoles; D. Basal leaves; E. Fruiting umbel with bracts; F. Fruiting umbellet with bracteoles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423896" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423896/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1357A7A96F09EC34FAD1F8BFC5E2F8B6" box="[940,954,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1106,1128]" captionTargetBox="[220,1368,190,1082]" captionTargetId="figure-20@7.[220,1368,190,1082]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Types of Similisinocarum normanianum. A. Holotype; B. Isotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423898" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423898/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">4</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="1357A7A96F09EC34FA8CF8BFC5A7F8B7" box="[1009,1023,1836,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1989,2011]" captionTargetBox="[270,1329,1190,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-36@7.[220,1368,1154,1964]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habits and mericarps of Similisinocarum normanianum. A. Habits; B. Dorsal view of mericarp; C. Commissural side of mericarp; D. Transverse section of mericarp. (cv = commissural vittae; lr = lateral ribs; mar = marginal ribs; mer = median ribs; st = stylopodium; vv = vallecular vittae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5423900" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5423900/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">5</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C9C026F09EC34F9F5F8EBC550F87E" box="[136,776,1912,1934]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD9D3D6F09EC34F9E1F8EBC550F87E" author="Farille, M. A. &amp; Malla, S. B." box="[156,776,1912,1934]" page=")" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="4C6CC0AF6F09EC34F9E1F8EBC550F87E" ID-CoL="4XKQZ" authority="(Cauwet &amp; Farille) Farille (1985: 561)" authorityName="Farille" authorityPageNumber="561" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Cauwet &amp; Farille" box="[156,776,1912,1934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Sinocarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="normanianum">
<emphasis id="B918673E6F09EC34F9E1F8EBC7C9F87D" box="[156,401,1912,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Sinocarum normanianum</emphasis>
(Cauwet &amp; Farille)
<bibRefCitation id="EFFDC6DD6F09EC34FB2EF8EBC550F87E" author="Farille, M. A. &amp; Malla, S. B." box="[595,776,1912,1934]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="509 - 562" refId="ref4621" refString="Farille, M. A. &amp; Malla, S. B. (1985) Apiaceae himalayenses III. Candollea 40: 509 - 562." type="journal article" year="1985">Farille (1985: 561)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B918673E6F09EC34F9F5F80FC682F841" bold="true" box="[136,218,1948,1969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Type:—</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED7D23E96F09EC34F9A7F80FC6B2F841" box="[218,234,1948,1969]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
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<collectingCountry id="F37BFBBC6F09EC34F98DF80FC774F842" box="[240,300,1948,1970]" name="Nepal" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Nepal</collectingCountry>
. [Rasuwa district],
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,
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, 1929,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BB721566F09EC34FB99F80FC509F841" box="[740,849,1948,1969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Lall Dhwoj</collectingMunicipality>
50
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(
<typeStatus id="54D7058E6F09EC34FA00F80FC582F842" box="[893,986,1948,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
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!; Isotype:
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!)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C376E8A76F09EC35F9F5F873C2D2FE0C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD3BB2C6F09EC35F9F5F873C2AEFE28" blockId="8.[136,1452,2016,2079]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1452,158,581]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B918673E6F09EC34F9F5F873C760F80A" bold="true" box="[136,312,2016,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Description:—</emphasis>
Plants
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, perennial, slender, glabrous. Roots fusiform or elongate, vertical or oblique arranged. Stems erect, solitary. Blade oblong in outline, 415×
<quantity id="4C9416C96F09EC34FBA0F797C56DF7EF" box="[733,821,2052,2079]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">26 cm</quantity>
, 12 pinnate, pinnae 25 pairs; basal petioles
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, sheath usually broad, ovate or oblong-ovate at base; upwards leaves reduced or absent; ultimate segments 0.62 ×0.31.5, elliptic, ovate or near triangular, margin dentate or trilobed, ciliated, adaxial surfaces usually purplish; basal petiolule obvious,
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, media and upper petiolule absent. Umbel usually solitary or rarely 3 axillary reduced umbels; rays 38, equal or subequal,
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, pedicels 515, ca.
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, subequal; bracts mostly absent, occasionally 12, linear, reflex, narrowly white membranous margin, margin serrulate; bracteoles 615, linear, reflex, narrowly white membranous margin, margin serrulate; pedicels
<quantity id="4C9416C96F08EC35FB8CFEC1C509FE9D" box="[753,849,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">48 mm</quantity>
, 515, equal, usually purplish. Calyx teeth minute or conspicuous, triangular or subulate-lanceolate. Petals white, ovate, oblong-ovate or obovate, base clawed, apex acute or slightly obtuse, incurved; anther usually purplish; stylopodium flat or low-conic; styles obvious. Mericarp oblongovoid, smooth; ribs 5, filiform, purplish when immature; vittae
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each furrow, 6 on commissure.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B918673E6F08EC35F9C0FE71C707FE0C" bold="true" box="[189,351,482,508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Flowering from July to September and fruiting from August to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C376E8A76F08EC35F9C0FD95C375FDB4" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD3BB2C6F08EC35F9C0FD95C375FDB4" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="B918673E6F08EC35F9C0FD95C452FDD0" bold="true" box="[189,522,518,544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6CC0AF6F08EC35FB77FD95C53FFDD0" authorityName="Cauwet &amp; Farille" authorityYear="1984" box="[522,871,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Similisinocarum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="normanianum">
<emphasis id="B918673E6F08EC35FB77FD95C53FFDD0" box="[522,871,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Similisinocarum normanianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in Nyalam County,
<collectingRegion id="49A875CE6F08EC35FD93FD95C367FDD0" box="[1262,1343,518,544]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Xizang</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="F37BFBBC6F08EC35FC15FD95C3F3FDD0" box="[1384,1451,518,544]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F37BFBBC6F08EC35F9CAFDB9C6A6FDB4" box="[183,254,554,580]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Nepal</collectingCountry>
. The species inhabits dwarf scrub and grasslands at alt.
<quantity id="4C9416C96F08EC35FA13FDB9C251FDB5" box="[878,1033,554,581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" unit="m" value="3900.0" valueMax="4200.0" valueMin="3600.0">36004200 m</quantity>
and prefers moist habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>