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<document id="B272295F6B658034F121E7C3712765F5" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.943.2595" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12723215" ID-ZooBank="70D006CF-0801-4268-BEB1-74E8679F8A4F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="karina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1720685871646" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maniei, Fatemeh &amp; Wägele, Heike" docDate="2024" docId="03AE87D2FFCDF47DB6D3791EFE31FD84" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.943.179-217.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 943 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2595/11841" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dendrodoris fumata" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="192" masterDocId="FF97FFAAFFC1F472B72B7F12FFA3FFB8" masterDocTitle="Dendrodorididae (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia) from Persian Gulf with a description of a new species of Doriopsilla and remarks on the family" masterLastPageNumber="217" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="191" updateTime="1720920942971" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="19447977BC850CBF2C4483D1CB1117B8">Dendrodorididae (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia) from Persian Gulf with a description of a new species of Doriopsilla and remarks on the family</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F2A78F7EEC6C10C98FA980CE68299C5">Maniei, Fatemeh</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8388D15E3F6B642B3126CA6449B9FC4E" type="LSID">5924B7B8-A19B-4305-B8D0-E3FB333B2A20</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C87E8F45097D0463B15553E095F7CCF7">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9DCE7F7C0A548F8ACBBD78A23EB685DA" type="email">f.maniei@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CE9550BB10EB959E6B0E27729DFD3687">Wägele, Heike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF6DCB3BDF1A771FCC6D6FC5116BD933">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C5B69873902A164A14A2147925A6E671" type="email">H.Waegele@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="B5DC5D512DF3A89B9A3F96E5502F8EB1">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A62A65D0964F2C56CE01DDBC8E699C70">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="579D4775E2052655C3279499BA19117E">2024-07-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9AFF62F0A7DFE1B023BFC5E62851AC81">943</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AA6846382671875468AC0B003C924FB4">1</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AE87D2FFCDF47DB6D3791EFE31FD84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12723198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE87D2FFCDF47DB6D3791EFE31FD84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87D2FFCDF47DB6D3791EFE31FD84" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCDF47EB6D3791EFB9FF99F" box="[504,1084,1548,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCDF47EB6D3791EFB9FF99F" blockId="12.[504,1084,1548,1611]" box="[504,1084,1548,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="D0F081A8FFCDF47EB6D3791EFB9FF99F" box="[504,1084,1548,1575]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C074D47FFCDF47EB6D3791EFB9FF99F" ID-CoL="34Q6B" authority="(Ruppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell &amp; Leuckart" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[504,1084,1548,1575]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendrodorididae" genus="Dendrodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fumata">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCDF47EB6D3791EFD4EF99E" bold="true" box="[504,749,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">Dendrodoris fumata</emphasis>
(Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCDF47EB59F7922FCDCF9F2" box="[692,895,1584,1611]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCDF47EB59F7922FCDCF9F2" blockId="12.[504,1084,1548,1611]" box="[692,895,1584,1611]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCDF47EB59F7922FC97F9F2" box="[692,820,1584,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,458,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-63@9.[189,1398,458,1814]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. External appearance of live animals. A. Dorsal view of Dendrodoris nigra (W. Stimpson, 1855) with black mantle and yellow spots. B. Dendrodoris nigra with black mantle, white spots, and a thick distinct red submarginal band; inset shows ventral view. C. Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830) black form. D. Dendrodoris fumata red form. E. Dendrodoris fumata pale brown form. F. Dorsal view of Doriopsilla aroni sp. nov.; inset shows ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723219/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">Figs 2C–E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCDF47EB46B7922FCC7F9F3" box="[832,868,1584,1611]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[187,230,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[193,1398,1235,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-341@13.[189,1398,1235,1852]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Schematic outline of genital system of species of Dendrodoris Ehrenberg, 1831. A. D. nigra (W. Stimpson 1855). B. D. fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vgl =Vestibular gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723225/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">5B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCDF47EB45B7922FCDCF9F2" box="[880,895,1584,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCDF47EB7967963FB0BF933" box="[189,1192,1649,1676]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCDF47EB7967963FB0BF933" blockId="12.[189,1192,1649,1676]" box="[189,1192,1649,1676]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1711EAFFCDF47EB7967963FB0BF933" box="[189,1192,1649,1676]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="4C074D47FFCDF47EB7967963FE09F934" ID-CoL="34Q6B" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell &amp; Leuckart" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[189,426,1649,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendrodorididae" genus="Dendrodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fumata">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCDF47EB7967963FE09F934" box="[189,426,1649,1676]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">Dendrodoris fumata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610D5FFCDF47EB6EC7960FD2FF934" author="Yonow N." box="[455,652,1649,1676]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB97D532BC8C202A03ACE28460B0F4CE" page="52" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B35FFCDF47EB6EC7960FD2FF934" author="Yonow N." box="[455,652,1649,1676]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref18582" refString="Yonow N. 2012. Opisthobranchs from the Western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 197: 1 - 129. https: // zookeys. pensoft. net / articles. php? id = 2811" type="journal article" year="2012">Yonow 2012: 52</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 56 (
<collectingCountry id="F3107654FFCDF47EB5D97963FC2DF933" box="[754,910,1649,1675]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
) and references therein.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCDF47EB79679A1FAFAF8DD" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCDF47EB79679A1FE95F975" blockId="12.[189,310,1715,1741]" box="[189,310,1715,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="D0F081A8FFCDF47EB79679A1FE95F975" bold="true" box="[189,310,1715,1741]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCDF47EB79679A1FE95F975" bold="true" box="[189,310,1715,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCDF47EB79679F3FAFAF8DD" blockId="12.[188,1400,1761,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">
Body colour pale brown to translucent red/orange to almost black; specimens with paler colours often with irregular dark patches on notum. Body soft, without spicules; more oval in shape when crawling and with a more wavy mantle margin than in
<taxonomicName id="4C074D47FFCDF47EB5E2783BFC88F8FA" baseAuthorityName="W. Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[713,811,1833,1858]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendrodorididae" genus="Dendrodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="191" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCDF47EB5E2783BFC88F8FA" box="[713,811,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="191">D. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Five or six large gills. Ptyalin glands and salivary glands present. Penis with spines. In the present study we confirm the presence of a vestibular gland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCCF47FB7967E1AFE59FE20" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47FB7967E1AFE09FE9A" blockId="13.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
<heading id="D0F081A8FFCCF47FB7967E1AFE09FE9A" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCCF47FB7967E1AFE09FE9A" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47FB7967E25FE59FE20" blockId="13.[188,1398,309,408]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
<materialsCitation id="3B6F3C99FFCCF47FB7967E25FE52FECC" collectingDate="2015-03-31" collectingDateMax="2015-04-31" collectingDateMin="2015-03-01" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="Fatemeh Maniei" country="Iran" latitude="26.558054" location="Bandar Lengeh" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="54.880554" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" specimenCode="ZMH 141489" specimenCount="12">
<collectingCountry id="F3107654FFCCF47FB7967E25FEA6FEE9" box="[189,261,311,337]" name="Iran" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">IRAN</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D01FD4DFFCCF47FB60D7E25FEE0FEE9" box="[294,323,311,337]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">12</specimenCount>
specs;
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;
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE335003FFCCF47FB4327E27FC13FEEA" box="[793,944,309,338]" degrees="54" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" precision="15" seconds="50" value="54.880554">54°52′50″ E</geoCoordinate>
; intertidal;
<date id="FFB91004FFCCF47FB3147E25FAA2FEEA" box="[1087,1281,311,338]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" value="2015-03-31" valueMax="2015-04-31" valueMin="2015-03-01">
<collectingDate id="EFFDE9ECFFCCF47FB3147E25FAA2FEEA" box="[1087,1281,311,338]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" value="2015-03-31" valueMax="2015-04-31" valueMin="2015-03-01">Mar.–Apr. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26F25312FFCCF47FB23A7E25FEB3FECC" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fatemeh Maniei</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DBA19EBFFFCCF47FB67A7E49FE52FECC" box="[337,497,346,373]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" type="Museum">ZMH 141489</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B6F3C99FFCCF47FB5237E48FE55FE20" collectingDate="2016-03-31" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="Fatemeh Maniei" country="Iran" latitude="26.80583" location="Lavan Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="53.268" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" specimenCode="ZMH 141489" specimenCount="6">
<specimenCount id="9D01FD4DFFCCF47FB5237E48FDB4FECC" box="[520,535,346,372]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">6</specimenCount>
specs;
<location id="8ED8601FFFCCF47FB5477E49FCA4FECC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE87D2FFCDF47DB6D3791EFE31FD84:8ED8601FFFCCF47FB5477E49FCA4FECC" box="[620,775,346,373]" country="Iran" latitude="26.80583" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="53.268" name="Lavan Island" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Lavan Island</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE335003FFCCF47FB43A7E4BFC6FFECD" box="[785,972,345,373]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" precision="1" seconds="20.99" value="26.80583">26°48′20.99″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE335003FFCCF47FB4FC7E4BFBDFFECD" box="[983,1148,345,373]" degrees="53" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" precision="1" seconds="4.80" value="53.268">53°16′4.80″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FFB91004FFCCF47FB3A07E49FAA5FECC" box="[1163,1286,346,373]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" value="2016-03-31">
<collectingDate id="EFFDE9ECFFCCF47FB3A07E49FAA5FECC" box="[1163,1286,346,373]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" value="2016-03-31">Mar. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26F25312FFCCF47FB23A7E48FEACFE2F" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fatemeh Maniei</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DBA19EBFFFCCF47FB67A7E6CFE55FE20" box="[337,502,382,408]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" type="Museum">ZMH 141489</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D654FFFCCF47DB7967EADFE31FD84" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47FB7967EADFEEDFE61" blockId="13.[189,334,447,473]" box="[189,334,447,473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
<heading id="D0F081A8FFCCF47FB7967EADFEEDFE61" bold="true" box="[189,334,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCCF47FB7967EADFEEDFE61" bold="true" box="[189,334,447,473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47FB7967EFCFB37FD63" blockId="13.[188,1400,493,731]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA018FFCCF47FB6077EE1FE17FDBE" baselines="513" box="[300,436,499,518]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="appearance" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">APPEARANCE</smallCapsWord>
. Body length of preserved animals:
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. Body of investigated live animals elongate, with soft and smooth notum. Margin of the notum wavy, thin, and wider than in
<taxonomicName id="4C074D47FFCCF47FB3ED7D03FA8AFD92" baseAuthorityName="W. Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[1222,1321,529,554]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendrodorididae" genus="Dendrodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B973EAD6FFCCF47FB3ED7D03FA8AFD92" box="[1222,1321,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">D. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Body colour variable: completely black with traces of a submarginal red-orange band around the anterior end of the mantle (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB64C7D45FE60FDC9" box="[359,451,599,625]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,458,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-63@9.[189,1398,458,1814]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. External appearance of live animals. A. Dorsal view of Dendrodoris nigra (W. Stimpson, 1855) with black mantle and yellow spots. B. Dendrodoris nigra with black mantle, white spots, and a thick distinct red submarginal band; inset shows ventral view. C. Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830) black form. D. Dendrodoris fumata red form. E. Dendrodoris fumata pale brown form. F. Dorsal view of Doriopsilla aroni sp. nov.; inset shows ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723219/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), red (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB5267D45FDCBFDC9" box="[525,616,599,625]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,458,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-63@9.[189,1398,458,1814]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. External appearance of live animals. A. Dorsal view of Dendrodoris nigra (W. Stimpson, 1855) with black mantle and yellow spots. B. Dendrodoris nigra with black mantle, white spots, and a thick distinct red submarginal band; inset shows ventral view. C. Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830) black form. D. Dendrodoris fumata red form. E. Dendrodoris fumata pale brown form. F. Dorsal view of Doriopsilla aroni sp. nov.; inset shows ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723219/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) or pale brown (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB4017D45FC26FDC9" box="[810,901,599,625]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,458,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-63@9.[189,1398,458,1814]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. External appearance of live animals. A. Dorsal view of Dendrodoris nigra (W. Stimpson, 1855) with black mantle and yellow spots. B. Dendrodoris nigra with black mantle, white spots, and a thick distinct red submarginal band; inset shows ventral view. C. Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830) black form. D. Dendrodoris fumata red form. E. Dendrodoris fumata pale brown form. F. Dorsal view of Doriopsilla aroni sp. nov.; inset shows ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723219/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). The red and the pale brown animals with a large number of dark brown patches on the dorsal surface, except at the margin. Rhinophores of the same colour as the dorsal surface, but always with a white apex. Clavus with 10–16 lamellae in larger animals. Five large, branched gills, usually somewhat darker than the dorsal notum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47FB7967C11FB7CFCDA" blockId="13.[189,1399,770,867]" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA018FFCCF47FB7967C11FE9AFCA3" baselines="790,790" box="[189,313,771,797]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Histology" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">HISTOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. Reproductive system of
<specimenCount id="9D01FD4DFFCCF47FB55D7C11FCB8FCA4" box="[630,795,770,797]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(red form,
<quantity id="4CFF9B21FFCCF47FB4807C10FBA1FCA5" box="[939,1026,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="24.0">24 mm</quantity>
in length, collected in Bandar Lengeh 2015) was extracted and investigated separately by histological means. The slide series is deposited in the histology collection of the LIB, Museum Koenig Bonn (without number).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB836C4FFCCF47DB7967C98FE31FD84" blockId="13.[188,1400,906,1179]" lastBlockId="15.[188,1400,265,572]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA018FFCCF47FB7967C98FEC2FC1A" baselines="925,925" box="[189,353,906,932]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Reproductive" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">REPRODUCTIVE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA018FFCCF47FB65B7C9DFE61FC1A" baselines="925" box="[368,450,911,930]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="system" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">SYSTEM</smallCapsWord>
. A general outline of the reproductive system is given in
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB3987C98FAB6FC1D" box="[1203,1301,906,933]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[187,230,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[193,1398,1235,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-341@13.[189,1398,1235,1852]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Schematic outline of genital system of species of Dendrodoris Ehrenberg, 1831. A. D. nigra (W. Stimpson 1855). B. D. fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vgl =Vestibular gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723225/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
. Gonad intermingled with the digestive gland and kidney. Ampulla filled with autosperm; epithelium thin with cuboidal cells (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB6597CC2FE70FC52" box="[370,467,976,1002]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Non-prostatic part of vas deferens with elongate and ciliated epithelial cells. The prostate gland partly accompanying vas deferens, composed of epithelium with large glandular cells, staining pale blue; thick layer of subepithelial glandular cells present with small, dark blue, stained cells (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB6747B28FE63FBEC" box="[351,448,1082,1108]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Penis equipped with spines and thick cuticular layer (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB37B7B28FB0EFBEC" box="[1104,1197,1082,1108]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Vagina and vas deferens opening into vestibulum. Vagina with thick folded walls (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB4EE7B4FFB82FBCF" box="[965,1057,1117,1143]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Receptaculum seminis with epithelium composed of small cuboidal cells and surrounded by thick muscle layer (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCCF47FB3AF7B92FB43FB22" box="[1156,1248,1152,1178]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
); with sperm partly attached to the wall and partly lying in the lumen. Bursa copulatrix filled with sperm remnants; its thin epithelium composed of cuboidal cells, without underlying muscle layer (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCEF47DB3407E3EFB66FEFE" box="[1131,1221,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
). Female gland with three distinguishable parts: capsule, membrane, and mucous gland staining from red to dark violet (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCEF47DB7ED7E60FE82FE34" box="[198,289,370,396]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
). Large vestibular gland attached to distal oviduct; partly lying in lateral body tissue and partly in body cavity; internally highly folded, whereas oviduct less folded in this area (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCEF47DB3427E84FB62FE08" box="[1129,1217,406,432]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Epithelium of vestibular gland with small elongate cells, but thick microvillous border, in which bacteria are assumed to reside (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCEF47DB61F7ECEFE1AFE4E" box="[308,441,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6G–H</figureCitation>
). Distal oviduct tube-like, with small mucus cells, and opening outwards next to vestibulum. A nematode and another unidentified parasite were observed in the vicinity of the genital opening (
<figureCitation id="133C2A41FFCEF47DB6077D30FE26FD84" box="[300,389,546,572]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[260,1327,269,1708]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Histological cross sections of genital system of Dendrodoris fumata (Rüppell &amp; Leuckart, 1830). A. Gonad, ampulla, and prostate. B. Penis with spines (arrows) inside the muscular sheath. C. Vaginal duct and vas deferens. D. Receptaculum seminis. E. Gonad, prostate, bursa copulatrix, receptaculum seminis, proximal oviduct and a part of nidamental gland. F. Strongly folded vestibular gland (*) starting from less folded oviduct. G. Vestibular gland. H. Vestibular gland. Note the thick microvilli fringe. Abbreviations: Am = Ampulla; Bc = Bursa copulatrix; Gn = Gonad; Ngl = Nidamental gland; Ov = Oviduct; P = Penis; Pr = Prostate gland; Rs = Receptaculum seminis; Va = Vaginal duct; Vd = Vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12723227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12723227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="194">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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