130 lines
17 KiB
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130 lines
17 KiB
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<document id="409F6BC04FEED1897798393C47A5750E" ID-CLB-Dataset="6404" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2013n4a4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="729cbb60-952c-4f1e-ad96-89c15eed89af" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538147" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613149641520" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bonis, Louis De" docDate="2013" docId="03AE87A4700AFFCCFF15FAF5FC0DFAA2" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.35.4.787-814.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 35 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2013n4a4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36.3:Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cephalogalini de Bonis 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="789" masterDocId="FF97FFDC7008FFCEFFF3FFB9FF9DFFAE" masterDocTitle="Ursidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Late Oligocene of the “ Phosphorites du Quercy ” (France) and a reappraisal of the genus Cephalogale Geoffroy, 1862" masterLastPageNumber="814" masterPageNumber="787" pageNumber="789" updateTime="1698930284774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="3947FEE86A33A842BA8DF5254528DF60">Ursidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Late Oligocene of the “ Phosphorites du Quercy ” (France) and a reappraisal of the genus Cephalogale Geoffroy, 1862</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="915F8A87CC443150C107EAD28BE8F76D">Bonis, Louis De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D782E21CD25E25732460601E32E876F8">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="37A6D748CF6F8CBBBBC51358498426BB">
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<mods:date id="5111A13C412D689CBA1043941ED31F0D">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2CD89D112BE5D669C8DE12DD0D9CE32C">2013-12-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5E94AAD076AF9BC02D6BD5355B5B2BE0">35</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BED50AF371DF93DE8A6DFBCDACD8D4B3">787</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1781D3DE25A7D22762C0342EAF708D1E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5D30E1DE5A5618B482C4541A3D9D2CE8" type="CLB-Dataset">6404</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D80817543EFC64C3BAD73722757A72E8" type="DOI">10.5252/g2013n4a4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AE87A4700AFFCCFF15FAF5FC0DFAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538718" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182400900" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538718" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE87A4700AFFCCFF15FAF5FC0DFAA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87A4700AFFCCFF15FAF5FC0DFAA2" lastPageNumber="789" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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<subSubSection id="C31D6539700AFFCCFF15FAF5FD8FFAC9" box="[230,530,1356,1384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB836B2700AFFCCFF15FAF5FD8FFAC9" blockId="2.[230,530,1356,1384]" box="[230,530,1356,1384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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<heading id="D0F081DE700AFFCCFF15FAF5FD8FFAC9" box="[230,530,1356,1384]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" reason="3">
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Tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFEDAFAF7FE4BFACB" authorityName="de Bonis" authorityYear="2013" box="[297,470,1358,1384]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Cephalogalini">CEPHALOGALINI</taxonomicName>
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n. tr.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6539700AFFCCFF82FA3FFF74FA16" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB836B2700AFFCCFF82FA3FFF74FA16" blockId="2.[113,646,1413,1464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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<collectionCode id="ED16AE77700AFFCCFF82FA3FFF74FA32" box="[113,233,1414,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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<typeStatus id="54BC8810700AFFCCFF82FA3FFF3FFA35" box="[113,162,1414,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">TYPE</typeStatus>
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GENUS
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</collectionCode>
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. —
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFEE5FA3CFD86FA33" authority="Jourdan, 1962" authorityName="Jourdan" authorityYear="1962" box="[278,539,1413,1437]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Cephalogale" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFEE5FA3CFE1BFA33" box="[278,390,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Cephalogale</emphasis>
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Jourdan, 1962
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</taxonomicName>
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by present designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6539700AFFCCFF82FA6BFE15F9B0" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB836B2700AFFCCFF82FA6BFE15F9B0" blockId="2.[112,647,1489,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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DIAGNOSIS. — Partially coming from the descriptions of
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFF7FFA55FEA0F9AA" author="BEAUMONT G. DE" box="[140,317,1516,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref15902" refString="BEAUMONT G. DE 1965. - Contribution a l'etude du genre Cephalogale Jourdan (Carnivora). Schweizerische Palaontologische Abhandlungen 82: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1965">Beaumont (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFEBBFA55FE56F9AA" author="BONIS L. DE" box="[328,459,1516,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="1 - 192" refId="ref16259" refString="BONIS L. DE 1973. - Contribution a l'etude des mammiferes de l'Aquitanien de l'Agenais. Rongeurs, Perissodactyles, Carnivores. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 28: 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="1973">Bonis (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFE25FA55FDC5F9AA" author="HUNT R. M. & JR" box="[470,600,1516,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="174 - 195" refId="ref17355" refString="HUNT R. M. JR. 1998. - Ursidae, in JANIS C. M., SCOTT K. M. & JACOBS L. L. (eds), Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. 1. Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 174 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1998">Hunt (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFF82F9BFFE19F9B0" author="TEILHARD DE CHARDIN P." box="[113,388,1542,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="103 - 191" refId="ref18660" refString="TEILHARD DE CHARDIN P. 1915. - Les carnassiers des Phosphorites du Quercy. Annales de Paleontologie 9: 103 - 191." type="journal article" year="1915">Teilhard de Chardin (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D6539700AFFCCFF82F998FC0DFAA2" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB836B2700AFFCCFF82F998FBADFB09" blockId="2.[112,647,1489,1699]" lastBlockId="2.[675,1212,215,1191]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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Digitigrade
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFF1AF998FEE1F997" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1926" box="[233,380,1569,1593]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hemicyoninae">Hemicyoninae</taxonomicName>
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containing several lineages of small (Early Oligocene) to medium sized (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene) primitive ursids (skull length of about
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<quantity id="4CFF9B57700AFFCCFEE1F9C9FEE5F926" box="[274,376,1648,1672]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10-20 cm</quantity>
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). Dental formula = I3/2-3, C1/1, P4/4, M2/3. Ŋe m2 has a metaconid larger or equal to the protoconid like in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFBF7FF6EFCF6FEA7" authority="Simpson, 1945" authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1945" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicynodontidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Amphicynodontidae Simpson, 1945</taxonomicName>
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but the
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFC3AFF48FBCAFEA7" authorityName="de Bonis" authorityYear="2013" box="[969,1111,241,265]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Cephalogalini">Cephalogalini</taxonomicName>
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n. tr. are distinguished from them by the m1 which is larger relatively to the premolars and whose metaconid is reduced (open trigonid), trigonid is more bladelike and talonid has a robust elongated hypoconid continuing by a low crest which encloses the talonid basin and continues in the lingual side before gently joining the metaconid without any notch; sometimes a very small entoconid is present in the crest; m2 has a reduced or absent paraconid and a talonid similar to that of m1. Ŋere is an overall evolutionary trend toward an increasing of size, reduction of metaconid of m1 and correlative increasing distance between m1 paraconid and metaconid, increasing relative length of the m2 talonid. Some lineages may be distinguished by the size and shape of the lower premolars which can be laterally compressed and bladelike to somewhat robust and transversely widened depending on the lineage; p1 elongated and knoblike, posterior accessory cuspid often present in p2-3, generally present, although sometimes very small, in p4. No posterior accessory cusps on P1-3. P4 is short relative to the molars with a well developed, more or less posteriorly situated protocone and a short metastyle and sometimes with a very small parastyle. Low cuspidated M1 with postprotocrista joining directly the distal border, except in
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFD50FC18FC04FC17" authority="Bonis, 1971" authorityName="Bonis" authorityYear="1971" box="[675,921,929,953]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Adelpharctos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFD50FC18FC87FC17" box="[675,794,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Adelpharctos</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFCD3FC18FC04FC17" author="BONIS L. DE" box="[800,921,929,953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="117 - 127" refId="ref16232" refString="BONIS L. DE 1971. - Deux nouveaux carnassiers des Phosphorites du Quercy. Annales de Paleontologie 57 (1): 117 - 127." type="journal article" year="1971">Bonis, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, without any contact with the metacone thus the trigone basin is posteriorly open; there is a trend to a sub-quadrate occlusal outline with inflation of the metaconule; large lingual and variable buccal cingulum; M2 smaller and lower cuspidated than M1 with a variable occlusal outline from triangular to oval, buccal cusps being separated or quite fused; ursid basicranium with
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<typeStatus id="54BC8810700AFFCCFCABFBE2FC14FBDD" box="[856,905,1115,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Type</typeStatus>
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A bulla (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFC15FBE2FBC6FBDD" author="HUNT R. M. & JR" box="[998,1115,1115,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="21 - 76" refId="ref17277" refString="HUNT R. M. JR. 1974. - Ne Auditory Bulla in Carnivora: an Anatomical Basis for Reappraisal of Carnivore Evolution. Journal of Morphology 143 (1): 21 - 76." type="journal article" year="1974">Hunt 1974</bibRefCitation>
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), well ossified, completely enclosing middle ear, with inflation of medial part of bulla in some species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB836B2700AFFCCFD56FB79FC0DFAA2" blockId="2.[675,1211,1215,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">
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GENERA INCLUDED. —
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFC75FB06FC6BFB79" authorityName="Jourdan" authorityYear="1962" box="[902,1014,1215,1239]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Cephalogale" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFC75FB06FC6BFB79" box="[902,1014,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Cephalogale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFBF2FB06FD4BFB5C" authority="Bonis, 1971" authorityName="Bonis" authorityYear="1971" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Adelpharctos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFBF2FB06FBEAFB79" box="[1025,1143,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Adelpharctos</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFB8FFB06FD4BFB5C" author="BONIS L. DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="117 - 127" refId="ref16232" refString="BONIS L. DE 1971. - Deux nouveaux carnassiers des Phosphorites du Quercy. Annales de Paleontologie 57 (1): 117 - 127." type="journal article" year="1971">Bonis, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFD13FB60FCAAFB5F" authority="Bonis, 2013" authorityName="Bonis" authorityYear="2013" box="[736,823,1241,1265]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Filholictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFD13FB60FCAAFB5F" box="[736,823,1241,1265]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Filholictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24057DB700AFFCCFCC8FB63FCE0FB5C" box="[827,893,1242,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFC77FB60FD45FAA2" authority="Ginsburg & Morales, 1995" authorityName="Ginsburg & Morales" authorityYear="1995" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Phoberogale" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFC77FB60FC72FB5F" box="[900,1007,1241,1265]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Phoberogale</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF964B43700AFFCCFC00FB60FD45FAA2" author="GINSBURG L. & MORALES J." pageId="2" pageNumber="789" pagination="811 - 815" refId="ref17025" refString="GINSBURG L. & MORALES J. 1995. - Zaragocyon daamsi n. gen. n. sp., Ursidae primitif du Miocene inferieur d'Espagne. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris 321 (9): 811 - 815." type="journal article" year="1995">Ginsburg & Morales, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D31700AFFCCFD11FB4DFCDBFAA5" authority="Bonis, 2013" authorityName="Bonis" authorityYear="2013" box="[738,838,1268,1291]" class="Mammalia" family="Ursidae" genus="Cyonarctos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B973EAA0700AFFCCFD11FB4DFCDBFAA5" box="[738,838,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="789">Cyonarctos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24057DB700AFFCCFCBFFB4DFC0DFAA2" box="[844,912,1268,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="789" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |