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<document id="0390878A1872008ECE31478A2F8E82DE" ID-CLB-Dataset="22142" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="561d2129-c2be-4670-9aa7-96e948247157" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827336" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589469117322" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Groeninckx, Inge, Janssens, Steven, Smets, Erik &amp; Verstraete, Brecht" docDate="2017" docId="039E3C565A0CFFA69D5A0295E6600A73" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-312.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 312" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astiella tsaratanensis Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFA7442E5A2DFF829F45044FE5770F45" masterDocTitle="Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698839704049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="E7B2E1F1EFB2622A8EECADC9A42ED319" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="400BE74922CA5255A0F58B1BF2B3608A">
<mods:title id="FC58FCFC8D43631FE4453AE80FCDB2B5">Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A667D4A50518F476BD43D7F762A1401B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="51C662C0FC1C180A17847E7C5A548C35">
<mods:roleTerm id="939EB9E382C9BBB52582B8D2188B488E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D8FD9D65ADEDB5333D66DA8ACF2E502E">Groeninckx, Inge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C5AC2DC7814C9020D38C4E24BB191D6E">Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, P. O. Box 2435, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. &amp; Email: inge. groeninckx @ kuleuven. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BCC0574EEA8F4FA03EB6442262D56EB4" type="email">inge.groeninckx@kuleuven.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D39079A1A91F6D41C50AA44EE56B2AC9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="36BF156438C23EE16C519C58B2EF39BD">
<mods:roleTerm id="78752B0DF61895B32B19A92CFD66F37B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="56045C88BD49D8AD63A582A78E06F999">Janssens, Steven</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4293D154348B14FA04DCE3867013CDFE">Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium. &amp; Email: steven. janssens @ botanicgardenmeise. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B885329CD517F38489AC1B70FCA3C60" type="email">steven.janssens@botanicgardenmeise.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FAC61770483BA89FCA092D690110B8C2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="12052FF731303B5599FDB7849EF2296C">
<mods:roleTerm id="59D1ABBB5A2569910A64F2611A152F07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="05F606C0D47D5B53255259ED59AAE1D6">Smets, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E061A6374A1ACEC92730B298478E2739">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Email: erik. smets @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="42CEC476E06FCFADDF20B8A5BD9736F1" type="email">erik.smets@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E6B85E860135E2368B96CBD84F49A3D1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1A646B4A7D9E3E6AA4B31D85986C3FD1">
<mods:roleTerm id="3912E27B821BC0E308FBC9778E397FBB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3B8EDFFDBA0F06542C4D2C4A8E1C96D3">Verstraete, Brecht</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D5C17E58D413BF6E3C53BC1B8A495F42">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83 S, 1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. &amp; Corresponding author: brecht. verstraete @ snm. ku. dk</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DCF7D9455096AAE6A8CDA2ADC1934826" type="email">brecht.verstraete@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A1F507A825FACBB9215E5A6DE549EE7B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="2A40DBC6C5FCE4E338DCEBAE1DEAD637">
<mods:title id="08A4A1CAD4EBBC6EE12B6A9C770419FE">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C3C5C300CB2BC285E6BB3D27CBD01078">
<mods:date id="079955117185A21527179411509B1124">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A328295F8DEC0434ED32238E43B8856C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="933DB2D3CDE21B01757F47F0AAC1D40D">2017-04-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BE225E1B4C2D824329D1493CD0B219EB" type="issue">
<mods:number id="FCC863E0B02E9E2B6C037B4BCEC9CBC4">312</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="2E7984798B9BDF014D4E9E15A7A467BF">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="9FCF5EC01D0F52B216ED59FBC8B0DF88">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3FE64C20E2B934AD93A81A58E774F1AC" type="CLB-Dataset">22142</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1601CF3AD127E6477496F9A1FF15ED6A" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.312</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0C3FC5C378020C27DE56EE2E2915F5F6" type="GBIF-Dataset">561d2129-c2be-4670-9aa7-96e948247157</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A5A02488F08E9E7453E259433AB9CB20" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CCE5044467FD9E4AE55E90CAA2501325" type="Zenodo-Dep">3827336</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039E3C565A0CFFA69D5A0295E6600A73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846884" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E3C565A0CFFA69D5A0295E6600A73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E3C565A0CFFA69D5A0295E6600A73" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0CFFA39D5A0295E16209B0" box="[543,1045,1754,1781]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0CFFA39D5A0295E16209B0" blockId="33.[463,1124,1754,1851]" box="[543,1045,1754,1781]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0CFFA39D5A0295E16209B0" box="[543,1045,1754,1781]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0CFFA39D5A0295E6C409B1" ID-CoL="8WRJM" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[543,947,1754,1781]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsaratanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0CFFA39D5A0295E65609B1" bold="true" box="[543,801,1754,1781]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Astiella tsaratanensis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A0CFFA39CFF0294E16209B0" box="[954,1045,1755,1781]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0CFFA39E8A02B2E6D1087F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0CFFA39E8A02B2E1130852" blockId="33.[463,1124,1754,1851]" box="[463,1124,1789,1815]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">http://www.ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77161729-1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0CFFA39DC8036FE6D1087F" blockId="33.[463,1124,1754,1851]" box="[653,934,1824,1851]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A0CFFA39DC8036FE79D087E" box="[653,746,1824,1851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1854,1880]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,272,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1317,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Astiella antongilensis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. confusa Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. E. A. delicatula Jovet. F. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. G. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. H. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. I. A. longifimbria Groeninckx sp. nov. J. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. K. A. pulla Groeninckx sp. nov. L. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827340/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 2L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A0CFFA39DB3036FE673087E" box="[758,772,1824,1851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,267,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[283,1305,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of seeds and a detail of their surface. A–B. Astiella antsalovansisGroeninckx sp. nov.C–D.A. deblockiaeGroeninckx sp. nov.E–F.A. desseiniiGroeninckx sp. nov. G–I. A. delicatula Jovet. J–K. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. L–M. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. N–O. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. P–R. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A, C, E, J, L, N = 100 µm; B, I = 50 µm; D = 10 µm; F, K, M, O, R = 20 µm; G, H, P, Q = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827347/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">5</figureCitation>
P–R, 11D, 16
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0CFFA39FF80315E75908AD" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0CFFA39FF80315E4410831" blockId="33.[189,310,1882,1908]" box="[189,310,1882,1908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0CFFA39FF80315E4410831" bold="true" box="[189,310,1882,1908]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0CFFA39FF80315E4410831" bold="true" box="[189,310,1882,1908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0CFFA39FF803C7E75908AD" blockId="33.[189,1399,1928,2024]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0CFFA39FF803C7E4CC08E7" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,443,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsaratanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0CFFA39FF803C7E4CC08E7" box="[189,443,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Astiella tsaratanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A0CFFA39E8603C7E76908E7" box="[451,542,1928,1954]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0CFFA39DE603C7E6F708E7" authority="Jovet" authorityName="Jovet. Molecular" authorityYear="1941" box="[675,896,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="delicatula">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0CFFA39DE603C7E64D08E7" box="[675,826,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A. delicatula</emphasis>
Jovet
</taxonomicName>
in having a reduced number of ovules per locule, pluricolporate pollen, and seeds with a ventral groove, but differs in having 3 ovules per locule (vs 1), and 4 calyx lobes (vs 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0FFFA09FF80544E6DF0E11" box="[189,936,267,340]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF80544E4330E60" blockId="34.[189,324,267,293]" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0FFFA09FF80544E4330E60" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09FF80544E4330E60" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF80576E6DF0E11" blockId="34.[189,936,313,340]" box="[189,936,313,340]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">The species epithet refers to the Madagascan town Tsaratanana.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0FFFA09FF80534E1320A18" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF80534E58D0ED0" blockId="34.[189,250,379,405]" box="[189,250,379,405]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0FFFA09FF80534E58D0ED0" bold="true" box="[189,250,379,405]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09FF80534E58D0ED0" bold="true" box="[189,250,379,405]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus id="548C33E25A0FFFA09FF80534E58D0ED0" box="[189,250,379,405]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF805E6E0450D4F" blockId="34.[189,1398,425,522]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A0FFFA09FF805E6E4E50E86" box="[189,402,425,451]" name="Madagascar" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09ED805E6E7EA0E86" box="[413,669,425,451]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antsiranana province</collectingRegion>
, Diana region,
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09C1405E6E6A80E86" box="[849,991,425,451]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I district, Montagne d’Ambre NP, circuit Gite d’Etape-Cascade Antakarana-Voie des Milles Arbres-Gite d’Etape,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09B1A0582E18F0EA2" box="[1119,1272,461,487]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="2002-01-20">20 Jan. 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09A460582E0180EA2" box="[1283,1391,461,487]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">De Block</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09FF805BFE7D00D4F" box="[189,679,496,522]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Rakotonasolo &amp; Randriamboavonjy 1319</emphasis>
(holo-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09C4005BFE6470D4F" box="[773,816,496,522]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
; iso-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09C3205BFE6D60D4F" box="[887,929,496,522]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09CE805BFE69E0D4F" box="[941,1001,496,522]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
, G, K,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B7905BFE1190D4F" box="[1084,1134,496,522]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B3F05BFE1FD0D4F" box="[1146,1162,496,522]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09BD305BFE1A40D4F" box="[1174,1235,496,522]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B9B05BFE0500D4F" box="[1246,1319,496,522]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15578" name="Wageningen University" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">WAG</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF8067EE7430D0E" blockId="34.[189,564,561,587]" box="[189,564,561,587]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0FFFA09FF8067EE7430D0E" bold="true" box="[189,564,561,587]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09FF8067EE7430D0E" bold="true" box="[189,564,561,587]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF8062FE1320A18" blockId="34.[189,1399,608,1373]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A0FFFA09FF8062FE4E10D3F" box="[189,406,608,634]" name="Madagascar" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09EE7062FE7CC0D3F" box="[418,699,608,634]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antananarivo province</collectingRegion>
, Analamanga region, Ankazobe district, Ambatoharanana près d’Antsevabe,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09ED306CCE4870DD8" box="[406,496,643,669]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09EBE06CCE7FD0DDB" box="[507,650,643,670]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1951-03-06">6 Mar. 1951</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09DD006CCE6690DD8" box="[661,798,643,669]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cours 4079</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09C6806CCE6360DD8" box="[813,833,643,669]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
). Vakinankaratra region, Ambatolampy district, Province du Vakinankaratra, district d’Ambatolampy, à
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09C1106E9E6C40D85" box="[852,947,678,705]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 km</quantity>
en aval de Tsinjoarivo, dans la vallée de l’Onive, bords d’un ruisseau dans la forêt,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09DAA0686E6390DA1" box="[751,846,713,740]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09C180686E1720DA6" box="[861,1029,713,740]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1912-11-30">30 Nov. 1912</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09B510685E0360DA6" box="[1044,1345,713,740]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Viguier &amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0FFFA09BD60686E0360DA6" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[1171,1345,713,739]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert 1846</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09A100686E01E0DA6" box="[1365,1385,713,739]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09FF806A3E4CA0C43" box="[189,445,748,774]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antsiranana province</collectingRegion>
, Diana region, Ambanja district, Montagne Tsaratanana, sousbois,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09B9306A2E0450C42" box="[1238,1330,749,775]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09A0506A2E58D0C6F" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1912-12">Dec. 1912</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09E42075EE74E0C6F" box="[263,569,784,810]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Perrier de la Bâthie 3730</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09D0F075FE7290C6F" box="[586,606,784,810]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09D37075FE6770C6F" box="[626,768,784,810]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I district, Centre nord, Montagne d’Ambre, bords du bois, basalte,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09E18077CE4CE0C08" box="[349,441,819,845]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09E83077CE7350C08" box="[454,578,819,845]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1909-11">Nov. 1909</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09D0A077BE6080C08" box="[591,895,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Perrier de la Bâthie 9403</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09CD5077CE6D30C08" box="[912,932,819,845]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
); Southwest of
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09B1F077CE19C0C08" box="[1114,1259,819,845]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
, Joffreville, Parc National de Montagne d’Ambre,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D2A0719E6740C34" box="[623,771,854,881]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.99" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1045.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="990.0">990–1100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09C490719E6AE0C35" box="[780,985,854,881]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1992-11-16" valueMax="1992-11-20" valueMin="1992-11-16">16 –20 Nov. 1992</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09CA70719E1930C35" box="[994,1252,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Malcomber et al. 1749</emphasis>
(K,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09A560718E0540C34" box="[1299,1315,855,881]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09A6E0719E01D0C35" box="[1323,1386,854,880]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
); Environs de Diego-Suarez, forêt d’Ambre, forêt ombrophile sur argile latéritique de basalte,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09A510736E0060CD1" box="[1300,1393,889,916]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09FF807D2E4A60CF3" box="[189,465,924,951]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1960-12-23" valueMax="1960-01-18" valueMin="1960-12-23">23 Dec.–18 Jan. 1960</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09EA407D2E7E90CF2" box="[481,670,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0FFFA09EA407D2E73E0CF2" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[481,585,925,951]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
32085
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09DF607D2E7A90CF2" box="[691,734,925,951]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09DAB07D2E6750CF2" box="[750,770,925,951]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09C5E07D3E1500CF3" box="[795,1063,924,950]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fianarantsoa province</collectingRegion>
, Atsimo-Atsinanana region, Farafangana district, RN 3, Manaka Est, [Atondrazaka], bas-fond,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09CA0078FE1090C9E" box="[997,1150,960,987]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1952-11-05">5 Nov. 1952</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09BCB078FE0010C9F" box="[1166,1398,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Botoalina 4475-RN</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09F8207ACE5AC0CB8" box="[199,219,995,1021]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09FB407ACE4920CB8" box="[241,485,995,1021]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Sofia region, Bealanana district, Montagnes au nord de Mangindrano (haute Maevarano),jusqu’aux sommets d’Ambohimirahavavy (partage des eaux Mahavavy-Androranga:centrenord), forêt ombrophile sur latérite de gneiss, clairières marécageuses aux origines de la Bemafo affluent de l’Androranga,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09ED40002E4990B22" box="[401,494,1101,1127]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09EB90002E6770B22" box="[508,768,1100,1127]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1951-01-19" valueMax="1951-02-12" valueMin="1951-01-19">19 Jan.–12 Feb. 1951</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09C4A0002E12F0B22" box="[783,1112,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0FFFA09C4A0002E6000B22" authority="Capuron" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[783,887,1101,1127]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
&amp; Capuron 24975
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B2F0002E1E20B22" box="[1130,1173,1101,1127]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09BE60002E1C00B22" box="[1187,1207,1101,1127]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
); Montagnes au nord de Mangindrano (haute Maevarano), jusqu’aux sommets d’Ambohimirahavavy (partage des eaux Mahavavy-Androranga: centre-nord), clairières en forêt ombrophile sur latérite de gneiss, aux bords de la Bemafo, affluent de l’Androranga,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09DEC00F9E6700B94" box="[681,775,1206,1233]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09C5300F9E16B0B94" box="[790,1052,1206,1233]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1951-01-19" valueMax="1951-02-12" valueMin="1951-01-19">19 Jan.–12 Feb. 1951</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09B6E00F9E0010B95" box="[1067,1398,1206,1233]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0FFFA09B6E00F9E1E40B95" authority="Capuron" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[1067,1171,1206,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
&amp; Capuron 25077
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09F820096E5AC0BB6" box="[199,219,1241,1267]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A0FFFA09FAA0096E4A90BB6" box="[239,478,1241,1267]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Toamasina province</collectingRegion>
, Alaotra-Mangoro region, Ambatondrazaka district, Ambatondrazaka, endroits très humides, station
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09EF300B2E72B0A52" box="[438,604,1277,1303]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.74" metricValueMax="11.48" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="57400.0" valueMax="114800.0" valueMin="0.0">0–114, 800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09D2C00B2E7920A52" box="[617,741,1277,1303]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1938-11">Nov. 1938</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09DB400B2E61E0A53" box="[753,873,1277,1303]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cours s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09C3C00B2E6D30A52" box="[889,932,1277,1303]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09CF500B2E6B30A52" box="[944,964,1277,1303]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
); Ouest, massif de l’Andringitra prês d’Ambodipaiso, près d’Antsoabe, Manaka Est, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09C5A016FE60A0A7F" box="[799,893,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF89AB805A0FFFA09CC9016FE15D0A7E" box="[908,1066,1312,1339]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="1945-01-12">12 Jan. 1945</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09B7F016FE1B00A7F" box="[1082,1223,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cours 2316</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B9F016FE0720A7F" box="[1242,1285,1312,1338]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BR</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09A51016FE0310A7F" box="[1300,1350,1312,1338]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09A10016FE01E0A7F" box="[1365,1385,1312,1338]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
). Locality unknown, s. loc., s.d.,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09D68010BE7CF0A18" box="[557,696,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Baron 6312</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09D8D010CE7AB0A18" box="[712,732,1347,1373]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
); s. loc., s.d.,
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09C38010CE1650A18" box="[893,1042,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Homolle s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A0FFFA09B61010CE14F0A18" box="[1060,1080,1347,1373]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A0FFFA69FF801CBE0670DED" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA09FF801CBE4390ADB" blockId="34.[189,334,1412,1438]" box="[189,334,1412,1438]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A0FFFA09FF801CBE4390ADB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1412,1438]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0FFFA09FF801CBE4390ADB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1412,1438]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0FFFA69FF801FCE0670DED" blockId="34.[189,1399,1459,2013]" lastBlockId="36.[189,1399,267,681]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
Herb, scrambling or prostrate, up to
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D1701FCE7E00A88" box="[594,663,1459,1485]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
tall,with fine rooting system, rooting at the nodes; stems round in cross section, only sparsely branching, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, pale green to reddish green, tinged red near the nodes. Stipule base
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D7201B6E7BF0951" box="[567,712,1529,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, sparsely to densely beset with trichomes (ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09A5801B6E0000951" box="[1309,1399,1529,1556]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long); fimbriae 1–6, variable in length up to
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D9A0253E64B0972" box="[735,828,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long, colleter-tipped. Leaves petiolate; petioles
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09FF80270E43E091F" box="[189,329,1599,1626]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="17.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="9.25" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–17 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous; blades ovate or elliptic, rarely broadly elliptic, 5.5–39 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09B8F0270E005091F" box="[1226,1394,1599,1626]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="2.03" metricValueMin="0.35" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.9" valueMax="20.3" valueMin="3.5">3.5–20.3 mm</quantity>
, sparsely to moderately covered with appressed trichomes
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09C39022CE17A0938" box="[892,1037,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.1">0.1–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, mostly concentrated on midvein and secondary veins, darker green above, paler green below; base attenuate; apex acute; margin scabrate or ciliate; midvein prominent below; secondary veins 3–5 on each side of the midvein, prominent particularly below; intersecondaries invisible. Inflorescences pseudo-axillary, 1- or fewflowered dichasia; peduncle
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D4E02BFE7FC084F" box="[523,651,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="11.0">11–27 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous. Pedicels
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09CF402BFE15F084F" box="[945,1064,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="7.7" valueMin="1.0">1–7.7 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous, green tinged reddish. Flowers heterostylous. Calyx green; tube reduced; lobes 4, narrowly triangular to linear, 1–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09F9D0379E4060814" box="[216,369,1846,1873]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous or sparsely beset with trichomes, margin usually scabrate rarely beset with long trichomes, colleters in between. Corolla white or pale blue; tube funnel-shaped,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09B9A0316E0000831" box="[1247,1399,1881,1908]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="7.15" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="4.8">4.8–9.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09FBA0333E40E08D2" box="[255,377,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
wide at the base,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09D020332E7B608D2" box="[583,705,1917,1943]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="2.0">2–4.2 mm</quantity>
wide at the throat, glabrous outside, sparsely to moderately beset with trichomes inside; lobes 4, ovate, 3.4–5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09C7303EFE6BB08FF" box="[822,972,1951,1978]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1–2.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous outside, moderately beset with trichomes inside. Stamens inserted in the corolla throat and exserted for ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A0FFFA09BDB038CE1910898" box="[1182,1254,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat or included in brevistylous flowers, inserted in the lower half of the corolla tube and included in longistylous flowers. Anthers ellipsoid,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69C640560E6EB0E0C" box="[801,924,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 mm</quantity>
long; filaments dorsifixed,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69BA70560E0000E0C" box="[1250,1399,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.8 mm</quantity>
long. Pollen 7- to 8-colporate, suboblate; E 34–37 μm; P 26–29.5 μm; ectocolpi short; endocolpi short; tectum bireticulate; suprareticulum microreticulate to reticulate, smooth; infrareticulum perforate to microreticulate with granules. Ovary 2-locular, broadly obovoid to broadly depressed obovoid, 0.4–1 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69F9D05F4E4060E93" box="[216,369,443,470]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.9 mm</quantity>
, glabrous; placenta attached near the middle of the septum, stalked, globose, bearing 3 ovules per locule. Style
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69EB80591E7090EBC" box="[509,638,478,505]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="3.8" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4 mm</quantity>
long and included in brevistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69BCB0590E0740EBC" box="[1166,1283,479,505]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
long and exserted for
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69E14064DE4B80D59" box="[337,463,514,540]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat or included in longistylous flowers, glabrous; stigma bilobed, lobes
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69E2C066AE48E0D7A" box="[361,505,549,575]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.2 mm</quantity>
long in longistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69C13066AE69E0D7A" box="[854,1001,549,576]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.9 mm</quantity>
in brevistylous flowers, papillate, pale blue. Capsules broadly depressed obovoid, 2.5–4.6 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69C220607E6910D26" box="[871,998,584,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="4.1" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.2">3.2–5 mm</quantity>
, crowned with the persistent calyx lobes, glabrous, green, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 1 per locule, elliptic in outline, ventral groove present, 1.9–2.3 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69ED806C0E7460DEC" box="[413,561,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
, black; seed coat surface alveolate, microsculpturing rugulose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A0EFFA19FF8032BE73B08AD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827369" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827369/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[310,1279,269,1845]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A0EFFA19FF8032BE73B08AD" blockId="35.[189,1398,1892,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19FF8032BE461083B" bold="true" box="[189,278,1892,1918]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0EFFA19E5E032AE7D3083B" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[283,676,1892,1919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tsaratanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19E5E032AE762083B" box="[283,533,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Astiella tsaratanensis</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A0EFFA19DED032AE674083A" box="[680,771,1893,1919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19C42032BE66B083B" bold="true" box="[775,796,1892,1918]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19C30032AE6FE083A" bold="true" box="[885,905,1893,1919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
. Brevistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19BC7032BE1E0083B" bold="true" box="[1154,1175,1892,1918]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
. Open longistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19E5203C7E45B08E7" bold="true" box="[279,300,1928,1954]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
. Open brevistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19D3C03C7E7FA08E7" bold="true" box="[633,653,1928,1954]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
. Ovary dissected to show placentation.
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19B2B03C7E1F708E7" bold="true" box="[1134,1152,1928,1954]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. A–C, E–F from
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19D2B03E3E1A60880" box="[622,1233,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">De Block, Rakotonasolo &amp; Randriamboavonjy 1319</emphasis>
(BR); D from
<emphasis id="B94351525A0EFFA19FF80381E77508AD" box="[189,514,1998,2025]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A0EFFA19FF80381E45208AD" authority="Capuron" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[189,293,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
&amp; Capuron 24975
</emphasis>
(BR).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A09FFA69FF8069FE7300CE0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF8069FE4210DAF" blockId="36.[189,342,720,746]" box="[189,342,720,746]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A09FFA69FF8069FE4210DAF" bold="true" box="[189,342,720,746]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A09FFA69FF8069FE4210DAF" bold="true" box="[189,342,720,746]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF806B0E7300CE0" blockId="36.[189,1399,766,933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
NW to E
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A09FFA69E7506B1E4B50C5D" box="[304,450,766,792]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69E8806B1E7910C5D" box="[461,742,766,792]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Antananarivo province</collectingRegion>
, Analamanga region, Ankazobe district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69B9106B1E45E0C79" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Antananarivo province</collectingRegion>
, Vakinankaratra region, Ambatolampy district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69CDC076DE15A0C79" box="[921,1069,802,828]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
, province, Diana region, Ambanja, and
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69E2F070AE48C0C1A" box="[362,507,837,863]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I districts;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69DC4070AE6F90C1A" box="[641,910,837,863]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fianarantsoa province</collectingRegion>
, Atsimo-Atsinanana region, Farafangana district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69E650727E76F0CC7" box="[288,536,872,898]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mahajanga province</collectingRegion>
, Sofia region, Bealanana district;
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A09FFA69CE20727E1EC0CC7" box="[935,1179,872,898]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Toamasina province</collectingRegion>
, Alaotra-Mangoro region, Ambatondrazaka district.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A09FFA69FF80782E1AD0B50" box="[189,1242,973,1046]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF80782E46A0CA2" blockId="36.[189,285,973,999]" box="[189,285,973,999]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A09FFA69FF80782E46A0CA2" bold="true" box="[189,285,973,999]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A09FFA69FF80782E46A0CA2" bold="true" box="[189,285,973,999]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF807B4E1AD0B50" blockId="36.[189,1242,1019,1046]" box="[189,1242,1019,1046]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Humid forest; along forest stream, forest border; basalt-laterite; at
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69C8C07B4E1170B53" box="[969,1120,1019,1046]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="1350.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="800.0">800–1900 m</quantity>
elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A09FFA69FF80072E6600A73" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF80072E4C20B12" blockId="36.[189,437,1085,1111]" box="[189,437,1085,1111]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A09FFA69FF80072E4C20B12" bold="true" box="[189,437,1085,1111]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A09FFA69FF80072E4C20B12" bold="true" box="[189,437,1085,1111]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Conservation status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A09FFA69FF80024E6600A73" blockId="36.[189,1399,1131,1334]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
The species is known from 14 collections, of which two without locality. The number of locations is nine. The extent of occurrence is more than
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69DFE00C0E6400BED" box="[699,823,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="km" value="20000.0">20,000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A09FFA69C7C00C2E6350BDE" attach="right" box="[825,834,1165,1179]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">2</superScript>
; the area of occupancy equals
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A09FFA69BE200C0E1870BED" box="[1191,1264,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A09FFA69BB700C2E18C0BDE" attach="right" box="[1266,1275,1165,1179]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">2</superScript>
. The main threat for the species is the deterioration of its habitat caused by the high human pressure throughout its distribution range, which has also been observed within the protected areas. A decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and area, extent, and/or quality of habitat is projected. The species is therefore classified as vulnerable: VU B2ab(i,ii,iii).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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