220 lines
20 KiB
XML
220 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.049.0210" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917381" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683578209636" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Londt, Jason G. H." docDate="2008" docId="039087DEFF886D74BFEA98B36516AA2D" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.49.2.171-226.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 49 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.049.0210" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Trichardis zinidi Londt 2008, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="208" masterDocId="FFA9FFA6FFAC6D51BE01987D6467AB6A" masterDocTitle="A review of Afrotropical Trichardis Hermann, 1906, and the description of the first Oriental representative of the genus (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae)" masterLastPageNumber="171" masterPageNumber="171" pageNumber="207" updateTime="1683695595129" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of Afrotropical Trichardis Hermann, 1906, and the description of the first Oriental representative of the genus (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Londt, Jason G. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2008-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>49</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>171</mods:start>
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<mods:end>171</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.049.0210</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.049.0210</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7917381</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087DEFF886D74BFEA98B36516AA2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087DEFF886D74BFEA98B36516AA2D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<subSubSection box="[491,757,206,231]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="36.[491,757,206,271]" box="[491,757,206,231]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<heading box="[491,757,206,231]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Londt, 2008" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2008" box="[491,690,206,231]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zinidi" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[491,690,206,231]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Trichardis zinidi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[697,757,206,231]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="36.[491,757,206,271]" box="[561,686,246,271]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<figureCitation box="[561,686,246,271]" captionStart="Figs 53–56" captionStartId="53.[181,220,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[222,1118,407,1090]" captionTargetId="figure-10@53.[222,1118,407,1090]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figs 53–56. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (53, 54) lateral and ventral of T. zinidi sp. n., holotype; (55, 56) lateral and ventral of T. indica sp. n., holotype. Scale lines = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917401/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Figs 53, 54</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1103,289,346]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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Etymology: Named for the collector Dr I. Abu-Zinid, who donated a number of East African
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<taxonomicName box="[235,328,321,346]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Asilidae</taxonomicName>
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to the Natal Museum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,787,363,388]" box="[144,787,363,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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Redescription (based on
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<typeStatus box="[421,519,363,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">holotype</typeStatus>
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in excellent condition):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,406,559]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis box="[144,205,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Head</emphasis>
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: Orange-brown anteriorly dark red-brown posteriorly, colours masked by silver pruinescence covering entire head, pale yellow and white setose.Antenna brown-orange, postpedicel dark red-brown, yellow setose; postpedicel clavate (L:D=2.6:1). Mystax shiny yellowish. Ocellar tubercle with 4 macrosetae. Proboscis and palpi dark red-brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,577,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis box="[144,225,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Orange-brown and dark red-brown patches, gold-silver pruinose, shiny pale yellow setose. Postpronotum entirely pruinose, mesonotum extensively apruinose centrally margins silver pruinose, macrosetae and setulae shiny yellowish. Scutellum apruinose except for narrow anterior margin. Anepisternum with pale yellow posterior macroseta, pruinose except for large anteroventral area. Proepimeron, katepisternum and anepisternum entirely pruinose. Legs: Orange-brown, femora dark red-brown dorsally, pulvilli and empodium of similar length. Hind femur orange-brown, dark red-brown dorsally, length:height ratio 3.6:1, ventral tubercles poorly developed. Hind tibia lacking ventrodistal spur. Wing: 4.8×
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<quantity box="[558,647,833,858]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
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. Costal vein strongly developed as far as wing tip, then very weakly developed along posterior margin of wing and absent from alula. Membrane extensively microtrichose; discal cell microtrichose but weak proximally, cell r
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<subScript attach="left" box="[276,284,946,960]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">5</subScript>
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microtrichose in distal half only.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,577,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis box="[144,250,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Dark red-brown, extensively silver pruinose, shiny pale yellowish setose. T2 dark red-brown, extensively pruinose (central area apruinose).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,577,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis box="[170,187,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">ơ</emphasis>
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genitalia (
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<figureCitation box="[303,432,1035,1060]" captionStart="Figs 53–56" captionStartId="53.[181,220,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[222,1118,407,1090]" captionTargetId="figure-10@53.[222,1118,407,1090]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figs 53–56. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (53, 54) lateral and ventral of T. zinidi sp. n., holotype; (55, 56) lateral and ventral of T. indica sp. n., holotype. Scale lines = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917401/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Figs 53, 54</figureCitation>
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): Epandrium in lateral view slightly longer than basal part of gonocoxite (i.e. excluding distal projection of gonocoxite and gonostylus). Proctiger moderately dorsoventrally compressed. Hypandrium greatly reduced and simple. Gonocoxite in ventral view lacking projections and with about 6 medially directed distal macrosetae; mediodistal projections stout, converging distally, with fairly sharply upturned sclerotised distal part. Gonostyli well-developed, bulky, converging distally to upturned flange-like tips. Aedeagal prongs small, more or less straight, with small terminal filamentous tubules.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,577,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-04-28" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="I. Abu-Zinid & Date" country="Kenya" elevation="700" latitude="-1.8333333" location="Nguruman area" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="36.933334" municipality="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kajiado" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[144,232,1300,1320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry box="[239,319,1300,1320]" name="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">KENYA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis box="[328,342,1301,1320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">ơ</emphasis>
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‘
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<collectingMunicipality box="[350,416,1300,1320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Kenya</collectingMunicipality>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[424,546,1300,1320]" country="Kenya" name="Kajiado" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Kajiado Dist.</collectingRegion>
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/
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087DEFF886D74BFEA98B36516AA2D:8EE66013FF886D75BC309D6966DAAE42" box="[561,701,1300,1320]" country="Kenya" latitude="-1.8333333" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="36.933334" municipality="Kenya" name="Nguruman area" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" stateProvince="Kajiado">Nguruman area</location>
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<quantity box="[706,763,1300,1320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="700.0">
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<elevation box="[706,763,1300,1320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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/
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<geoCoordinate box="[779,851,1298,1321]" degrees="01" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" precision="925" value="-1.8333333">01°50'S</geoCoordinate>
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:
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<geoCoordinate box="[854,929,1298,1321]" degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" precision="925" value="36.933334">36°56'E</geoCoordinate>
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/ coll:
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<collectorName box="[991,1104,1300,1320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">I. Abu-Zinid</collectorName>
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/
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<collectorName box="[156,202,1324,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Date</collectorName>
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:
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<date box="[210,308,1324,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" value="1990-04-28">
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<collectingDate box="[210,308,1324,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" value="1990-04-28">28.iv.1990</collectingDate>
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</date>
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’ (
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<collectionCode box="[324,395,1324,1344]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,577,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<materialsCitation box="[144,665,1359,1379]" collectingDate="1990-04-28" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="I. Abu-Zinid & Date" country="Kenya" elevation="700" latitude="-1.8333333" location="Nguruman area" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="36.933334" municipality="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kajiado" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus box="[144,236,1359,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry box="[245,326,1359,1379]" name="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">KENYA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis box="[336,417,1359,1379]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">1^same</emphasis>
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data as holotype (
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<collectionCode box="[588,659,1359,1379]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="MZUF" collectorName="di Mto Wa Mbu" country="Tanzania" elevation="1100" location="TANZANIA" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingCountry box="[675,794,1359,1379]" name="Tanzania" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis box="[804,842,1359,1379]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">1^‘</emphasis>
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Tanzania:
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<quantity box="[941,1000,1359,1379]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
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N–NE /
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<collectorName pageId="36" pageNumber="207">di Mto Wa Mbu</collectorName>
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[?], presso bosco / di euforbia (
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<quantity box="[541,612,1383,1403]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="1100.0">
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<elevation box="[541,612,1383,1403]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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), alla luce’ (
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<collectionCode box="[719,787,1383,1403]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mvk4-k796" name="Museo Zoologico La Specola, Universita di Firenze" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">MZUF</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="MNHN" country="Tanzania" determinerName="H. Oldroyd" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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UNKNOWN:
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<emphasis box="[931,969,1383,1403]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">1^‘</emphasis>
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Afrique / Laga Arba [?] / 25 juillet’, ‘Museum Paris’, ‘
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<taxonomicName box="[502,596,1407,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[502,596,1407,1427]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Trichardis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<determinerName box="[613,717,1407,1427]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">H. Oldroyd</determinerName>
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det. 1965’ (
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<collectionCode box="[824,899,1407,1427]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">MNHN</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,1443,1564]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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Distribution and biology: Recorded from
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<collectingCountry box="[599,672,1443,1468]" name="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[722,826,1443,1468]" name="Tanzania" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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.Adults collected in April and July (Table 1). Little label data relating to habitat preference exists, although
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<specimenCount pageId="36" pageNumber="207" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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is labelled ‘presso bosco di euforbia’ which suggests an arid environment. The life history and prey preferences are unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="36.[144,1104,1582,1671]" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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Similar species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2008" box="[329,418,1582,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zinidi">
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<emphasis box="[329,418,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">T. zinidi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has an entirely pruinose postpronotal lobe and in this respect can be grouped with
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<emphasis box="[370,968,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Oldroyd" authorityYear="1974" box="[370,461,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">apicalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Engel" authorityYear="1924" box="[470,589,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grisescens">grisescens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2008" box="[598,675,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornata">ornata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Hermann" authorityYear="1906" box="[685,743,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picta">picta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Oldroyd" authorityYear="1974" box="[753,869,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">terminalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1838" box="[877,968,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testacea">testacea</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1019,1104,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Oldroyd" authorityYear="1974" box="[1019,1100,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turneri">turneri</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The species is, however, most similar to
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<emphasis box="[599,695,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Oldroyd" authorityYear="1974" box="[599,691,1646,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">apicalis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="37.[181,1142,204,327]" box="[559,764,204,224]" pageId="37" pageNumber="208">
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<collectingRegion box="[559,670,204,224]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="37" pageNumber="208">ORIENTAL</collectingRegion>
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SPECIES
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="37.[181,1142,204,327]" pageId="37" pageNumber="208">
|
||
While this paper focuses on the Afrotropical fauna I have identified a single new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[301,417,270,294]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Trichardis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[301,417,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="208">Trichardis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[487,545,270,295]" name="India" pageId="37" pageNumber="208">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
that represents the first record of the genus from the Oriental Region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |