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<mods:title id="E95E724340A03B748A59693AFDEA5B4B">Phylogenetics and classification of the world genera of Diparinae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A4CA3C669444D6F3944615EA2961E3C2">Desjardins, Christopher A.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AE8F65E0FD82B8AB" box="[151,590,151,177]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AE8F65E0FD82B8AB" blockId="54.[151,590,151,212]" box="[151,590,151,177]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="0753A131DE605449AE8F65E0FD82B8AB" bold="true" box="[151,590,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AE8F65E0FD82B8AB" bold="true" box="[151,590,151,177]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AE8F65E0FE7FB8AB" authority="Desjardins" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,435,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AE8F65E0FEEFB8AB" bold="true" box="[151,291,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
Desjardins
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="75E37734DE605449AFD865E0FD82B8AB" box="[448,590,151,177]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="genus">New Genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AE8F65CDFF32B8CE" box="[151,254,186,212]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AE8F65CDFF32B8CE" blockId="54.[151,590,151,212]" box="[151,254,186,212]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(
<figureCitation id="C49F0AD8DE605449AE8765CDFF38B8CE" box="[159,244,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 6570" captionStartId="49.[151,269,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,474,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-151@49.[217,1369,432,1887]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 6570. Lateral habitus views: 65, Dozodipara insularis; 66, Myrmicolelaps iridius 67, M. aurantius; 68, Lelaps noorti; 69, Nosodipara ferrana; 70, Pseudoceraphron regieri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5103903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5103903/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AE8F647DFCA0B93E" box="[151,876,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AE8F647DFCA0B93E" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" box="[151,876,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AE8F647DFE8CB93E" bold="true" box="[151,320,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<typeStatus id="831FA8FFDE605449AE8F647DFF18B93E" box="[151,212,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
Species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AF50647DFD05B93E" authority="Desjardins" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[328,713,266,292]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AF50647DFD8DB939" box="[328,577,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara insularis</emphasis>
Desjardins
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="75E37734DE605449ACCD647DFCA0B93E" box="[725,876,266,292]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">New Species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE6445FF3DBB1E" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE6445FF3DBB1E" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE6445FE84B956" bold="true" box="[198,328,306,332]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AF4B6445FE13B951" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[339,479,306,331]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AF4B6445FE13B951" box="[339,479,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most easily distinguished from most diparines by a combination of two features. First, the toruli appear to lie on a shelf, and a sharp angle of 90° separates the upper and lower face (as in
<figureCitation id="C49F0AD8DE605449AEAF64F5FF33B986" box="[183,255,386,412]" captionStart="FIGURES 510" captionStartId="35.[151,269,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,274,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-151@35.[217,1369,234,1578]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 510. Conophorisca grisselli: 5, antenna; 6, clava; 7, head (frontal view); 8, head (ventro-latero-frontal view); 9, mesosoma (dorso-lateral view); 10, mesosoma - pronotum (dorso-lateral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5103873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5103873/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). The only other diparines with this feature are
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AD5864F5FC2AB981" box="[832,998,386,411]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Conophorisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AD5864F5FC2AB981" box="[832,998,386,411]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Conophorisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and, to a lesser extent,
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AB1564F5FA59B981" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[1293,1429,386,411]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cerodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AB1564F5FA59B981" box="[1293,1429,386,411]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has an upper and lower face separated by a rounded angle of 90°. Second, the propodeum of
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AB2564DDFF02B9F1" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AB2564DDFF02B9F1" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very steep, being higher than long (
<figureCitation id="C49F0AD8DE605449AC8064A5FD3DB9F6" box="[664,753,466,492]" captionStart="FIGURES 6570" captionStartId="49.[151,269,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[238,1350,474,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-151@49.[217,1369,432,1887]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 6570. Lateral habitus views: 65, Dozodipara insularis; 66, Myrmicolelaps iridius 67, M. aurantius; 68, Lelaps noorti; 69, Nosodipara ferrana; 70, Pseudoceraphron regieri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5103903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5103903/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
). While
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AD4F64A5FC12B9F1" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[855,990,466,491]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cerodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AD4F64A5FC12B9F1" box="[855,990,466,491]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares this propodeal shape, this feature is otherwise unique within
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AC01648DFD5CBA0E" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1876" box="[537,656,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diparinae">Diparinae</taxonomicName>
, all other genera having propodea at least 1.5X as long as high.
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AE8F6755FEEFBA21" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,291,546,571]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AE8F6755FEEFBA21" box="[151,291,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AC2A6755FD76BA21" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[562,698,546,571]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cerodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AC2A6755FD76BA21" box="[562,698,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having uniformally convex inner eye margins and lacking a vertical carinate ridge running from the interantennal area to the ventral clypeal margin, whereas
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AB0C673DFA50BA79" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[1300,1436,586,611]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cerodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AB0C673DFA50BA79" box="[1300,1436,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has ventrally diverging inner eye margins and a vertical carinate ridge running from the interantennal area to the ventral clypeal margin. Addtionally,
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AC6667EDFCC6BAA9" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[638,778,666,691]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AC6667EDFCC6BAA9" box="[638,778,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a scutellar conformation unique within
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AB3867EDFA54BAAE" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1876" box="[1312,1432,666,692]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diparinae">Diparinae</taxonomicName>
: broad, slightly convex, and with the posterior margin in the same horizontal plane of the body as the anterior margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE6665FBB0BE56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE6665FBB0BE56" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE6665FE1CBB36" bold="true" box="[198,464,786,812]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Description: Female.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AFC66665FDEBBB31" box="[478,551,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Head:</emphasis>
Occipital margin rounded; occipital carina present; upper face without strong, transversely carinate sculpture; eyes not posteriorly extended beyond occipital margin; inner eye margins uniformly convex; eyes bare; scrobe present and scrobal channel slightly triangular dorsal to toruli; dorsal margin of scrobe rounded; toruli on shelf, sharp angle of ~90° between upper and lower face; antennae symmetrically clavate; antennal formula 11173; pedicel, first funicular segment, second funicular segment subequal in length; claval apex without thick tuft of micropilosity; apical clypeal margin symmetrically bilobed; malar groove present; strong, dark bristles on vertex absent.
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449ADD36175FB9EBC01" box="[971,1106,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mesosoma:</emphasis>
dorsum of mesosoma without strong, dark bristles; pronotum short, collar-like; notauli strongly arched along entire length (appearing semi-circular) and meeting posterior scutal margin at scutoscutellar suture; lateral lobes of scutum similar in color to remainder of scutum; posterior scutal margin without setose groove; scutellum large, slightly convex with apex near posterior margin, not descending posteriorly; axillae convex, reduced; posterior notal wing process present, pointed; frenal sulcus absent; metanotum present as narrow, sculptured band; propodeum at least 1.5X higher than long; propodeum with dorso-ventrally flattened projection near anterior margin; plicae absent; suture between postspiracular area and metapleuron diagonal; propodeal foramen circular, open in one plane; longitudinal invagination of pronotum, mesepimeron and metapleuron absent; prepectus reduced, not reaching tegula; tegula normal, flap-like; axillary wing sclerite not visible; acropleuron slightly convex, partially expanded along dorsal length of mesopleuron; mesopleuron with smooth and sculptured regions posteriorly; metacoxa posteriorly convex, with transverse striations; metacoxa posteriorly without thick vertical brush of setae; 1 metatibial spur, &lt;1.5X width of tibia at point of insertion.
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AA366094FB7DBDE6" box="[1070,1201,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Metasoma:</emphasis>
Petiole cylindrical, without setae, broader than long; GT1 expanded, covering at least half of metasoma length; GT1 rounded lateral to petiole insertion; cercal setae elongate; cercal brush present.
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449ADA86345FC35BE56" bold="true" box="[944,1017,1586,1612]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Male:</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE632DFAA8BEF6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE632DFAA8BEF6" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE632DFE9FBE6E" bold="true" box="[198,339,1626,1652]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Discussion:</emphasis>
In analyses excluding bristle characters,
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AD58632CFC00BE6E" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[832,972,1627,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dozodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AD58632CFC00BE6E" box="[832,972,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is resolved as basal to the clade inclusive of
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AEEE63F4FE8ABE86" box="[246,326,1667,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Boeria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEEE63F4FE8ABE86" box="[246,326,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Boeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AF4163F4FE2CBE86" authorityName="Desjardins" authorityYear="2007" box="[345,480,1667,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cerodipara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AF4163F4FE2CBE86" box="[345,480,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cerodipara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the most derived diparines (see the generic entry for
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AAA563F4FAC0BE86" box="[1213,1292,1667,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Boeria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AAA563F4FAC0BE86" box="[1213,1292,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Boeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a more detailed discussion). The clade of diparines inclusive of these taxa is defined by 2 synapomorphies: a reduced prepectus and strongly arched notauli which meet the posterior scutal margin at the scutoscutellar suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE638DFD87BF7E" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE638DFDB9BF26" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE638DFE9BBF0E" bold="true" box="[198,343,1786,1812]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Etymology:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AF47638CFE6BBF0E" box="[351,423,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dozo-</emphasis>
from the bulldozer-like shape of the head (due to the torular shelf) and compact body.
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AE8F6254FF22BF26" box="[151,238,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">-dipara</emphasis>
to ally the genus with
<taxonomicName id="9BA46DDEDE605449AFE26255FDBDBF26" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1876" box="[506,625,1826,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diparinae">Diparinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE623DFD87BF7E" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" box="[198,587,1866,1892]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE623DFE79BF7E" bold="true" box="[198,437,1866,1892]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Number of species:</emphasis>
1 described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE6205FDC8BF96" box="[198,516,1906,1932]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE6205FDC8BF96" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" box="[198,516,1906,1932]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE6205FEA5BF96" bold="true" box="[198,361,1906,1932]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="24B356CDDE605449AF686205FDCCBF96" box="[368,512,1906,1932]" name="Madagascar" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE62EDFE54BFAE" box="[198,408,1946,1972]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE62EDFE54BFAE" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" box="[198,408,1946,1972]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE62EDFEDABFAE" bold="true" box="[198,278,1946,1972]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Hosts:</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14BE45D6DE605449AEDE62B5FE04BFC6" box="[198,456,1986,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="key">
<paragraph id="5C1B165DDE605449AEDE62B5FE04BFC6" blockId="54.[151,1437,266,2012]" box="[198,456,1986,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="6ED0CA4FDE605449AEDE62B5FEB3BFC6" bold="true" box="[198,383,1986,2012]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Key to species:</emphasis>
none.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>