treatments-xml/data/D4/68/87/D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b6f24d9-228b-4867-93cb-d0344a488cd8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182241332" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4775882" checkinTime="1613739047977" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Melo, Bruno F. &amp; Vari, Richard P." docDate="2014" docId="D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.12.2.327-332.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 12 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20130153" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7EA6CBAC9B92AC526D6A0354C904CC04.3:NeotropIchthyol.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleId="7EA6CBAC9B92AC526D6A0354C904CC04" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2014-2015.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis Melo &amp; Vari 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="2851FFAAFFA7FFBE0776CC48617BE20E" masterDocTitle="New species of Cyphocharax (Characiformes: Curimatidae) from the upper rio Negro, Amazon basin" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="327" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" updateTime="1636469108586" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New species of Cyphocharax (Characiformes: Curimatidae) from the upper rio Negro, Amazon basin</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Melo, Bruno F.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vari, Richard P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2014-06-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>327</mods:start>
<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20130153</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-20130153</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6b6f24d9-228b-4867-93cb-d0344a488cd8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775882" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182241332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4775882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[220,680,664,723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<taxonomicName authority="Melo &amp; Vari, 2014" authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[220,535,664,688]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[220,535,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[548,680,665,689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation box="[418,481,699,723]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,168,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,1053,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-442@1.[129,1452,1053,1900]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis, holotype, MZUSP 115004, 60.7 mm SL, Igarapé Nouba Uba, rio Negro, Amazon basin, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas State, Brazil. Views of preserved specimen (a) and radiograph (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551207/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="328" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,771,770,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3114462301" collectingDate="2008-08-09" collectionCode="R" collectorName="C. Oliveira &amp; M. I. Taylor &amp; M. A. Alexandrou &amp; J. I. R. Porto." country="Brazil" county="Amazon" latitude="0.00535" location="Amazonas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-66.922615" municipality="upper rio Negro" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" specimenCode="MZUSP 115004, 60.7" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,229,771,792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<typeStatus box="[129,224,771,792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode box="[237,399,770,792]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">MZUSP 115004</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode box="[410,453,770,792]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">60.7</specimenCode>
mm SL, 
<collectingCountry box="[546,608,770,792]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458:591E601FFFA6FFBF051CCF4B63A8E116" box="[618,723,771,792]" country="Brazil" county="Amazon" latitude="0.00535" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-66.922615" municipality="upper rio Negro" name="Amazonas" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Amazonas</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458:591E601FFFA6FFBF05A9CF4B6037E135" country="Brazil" county="Amazon" latitude="0.00535" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-66.922615" municipality="upper rio Negro" name="Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">São Gabriel da Cachoeira</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D46887D2FFA6FFBA07AACED0639CE458:591E601FFFA6FFBF0623CF6D636BE135" box="[341,528,805,827]" country="Brazil" county="Amazon" latitude="0.00535" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-66.922615" municipality="upper rio Negro" name="Igarape Nouba Uba" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Igarapé Nouba Uba</location>
, near BR-307 road, 
<collectingMunicipality pageId="1" pageNumber="328">upper rio Negro</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty box="[231,313,840,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Amazon</collectingCounty>
basin, 
<geoCoordinate box="[381,508,840,861]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="00.321" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" precision="1" value="0.00535">00°00.321’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[513,646,839,861]" degrees="66" direction="west" minutes="55.357" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" precision="1" value="-66.922615">66°55.357’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date box="[654,767,840,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" value="2008-08-09">
<collectingDate box="[654,767,840,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" value="2008-08-09">9 Aug 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName box="[129,240,874,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. Oliveira</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[250,369,874,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">M. I. Taylor</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[379,555,874,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">M. A. Alexandrou</collectorName>
&amp; J. I. 
<collectionCode box="[629,648,874,895]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName box="[658,718,874,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Porto.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,771,943,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,239,943,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<typeStatus box="[129,236,943,964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
LBP 6963, 6, 44.3-67.0 mm SL (tissues 33399 and 33400); 
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3114462302" box="[211,444,978,1000]" collectingDate="2008-08-09" collectionCode="R" collectorName="C. Oliveira &amp; M. I. Taylor &amp; M. A. Alexandrou &amp; J. I. R. Porto." country="Brazil" county="Amazon" latitude="0.00535" location="Amazonas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-66.922615" municipality="upper rio Negro" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">collected with holotype</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[809,1452,181,1000]" lastBlockId="2.[136,779,181,1104]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,923,181,205]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[928,1229,181,205]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[928,1229,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all other species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[1006,1148,216,240]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1006,1148,216,240]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Cyphocharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence on the lateral surface of the caudal peduncle of a distinct, longitudinally elongate, posteriorly often vertically expanded, darkly pigmented mark extending anteriorly from the base of the median caudal-fin rays to the vertical through the posterior limit of the base of the adipose fin. Dark pigmentation on the caudal peduncle is absent in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kner" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1163,1321,423,447]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abramoides">
<emphasis box="[1163,1321,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. abramoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1337,1445,423,447]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspilos">
<emphasis box="[1337,1445,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. aspilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2006" box="[809,930,458,482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derhami">
<emphasis box="[809,930,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. derhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[946,1059,458,482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="festivus">
<emphasis box="[946,1059,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. festivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1074,1233,458,482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucostictus">
<emphasis box="[1074,1233,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. leucostictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachnner" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1249,1412,458,482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
<emphasis box="[1249,1412,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. magdalenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. microcephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Myers" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[975,1142,492,516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multilineatus">
<emphasis box="[975,1142,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. multilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1153,1298,493,516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripinnis">
<emphasis box="[1153,1298,493,516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. nigripinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1309,1416,493,516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="notatus">
<emphasis box="[1309,1416,493,516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. notatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari, Zanata &amp; Camelier" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinnilepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. pinnilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[927,1060,527,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plumbeus">
<emphasis box="[927,1060,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. plumbeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1073,1214,527,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stilbolepis">
<emphasis box="[1073,1214,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. stilbolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1272,1445,527,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vexillapinnus">
<emphasis box="[1272,1445,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. vexillapinnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. When present, the dark pigmentation in that region in other congeners can alternatively be rotund (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1258,1408,596,620]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gangamon">
<emphasis box="[1258,1408,596,620]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. gangamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gillii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. gillii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[878,1017,630,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gouldingi">
<emphasis box="[878,1017,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. gouldingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[1034,1140,630,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helleri">
<emphasis box="[1034,1140,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. helleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1157,1329,630,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mestomyllon">
<emphasis box="[1157,1329,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. mestomyllon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1347,1445,631,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oenas">
<emphasis box="[1347,1445,631,654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. oenas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari &amp; Nijssen" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[809,952,665,689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis box="[809,952,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[970,1125,665,689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiluropsis">
<emphasis box="[970,1125,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. spiluropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Britski" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1194,1313,665,689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanderi">
<emphasis box="[1194,1313,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. vanderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), somewhat triangular with its posterior border darker (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1251,1436,700,723]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meniscaprorus">
<emphasis box="[1251,1436,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. meniscaprorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a vertically oriented ellipsoid (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wosiacki &amp; Miranda" authorityYear="2014" box="[1139,1246,734,758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aninha">
C. 
<emphasis box="[1172,1246,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">aninha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), in the form of an elongate stripe (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari &amp; Blackledge" authorityYear="1996" box="[977,1117,769,793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticlavius">
<emphasis box="[977,1117,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. laticlavius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fernandez-Yepez in Fernandez-Yepez" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[1129,1257,769,793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis box="[1129,1257,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. modestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1269,1372,769,793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nagelii">
<emphasis box="[1269,1372,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. nagelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantostictus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. pantostictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or longitudinally ovoid but terminating anteriorly distinctly posterior to the vertical through the posterior limit of the base of the adipose fin (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari, Sidlauskas &amp; Le Bail" authorityYear="2012" box="[1144,1293,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biocellatus">
<emphasis box="[1144,1293,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. biocellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard in Quoy &amp; Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1308,1412,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbert">
<emphasis box="[1308,1412,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. gilbert</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meinken" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saladensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. saladensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fernandez-Yepez" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[938,1134,907,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santacatarinae">
<emphasis box="[938,1134,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. santacatarinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[1151,1275,907,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis box="[1151,1275,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1292,1411,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spilotus">
<emphasis box="[1292,1411,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. spilotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spilurus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. spilurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[956,1041,942,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="voga">
<emphasis box="[956,1041,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">C. voga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[1064,1373,941,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[1064,1373,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further diagnosed from various congeners by the absence of a series of dark stripes or spots running between the scale rows (
<emphasis box="[210,241,217,240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
the presence of such dark pigmentation in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helleri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. helleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Myers" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[223,396,250,274]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multilineatus">
<emphasis box="[223,396,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. multilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName box="[462,626,251,274]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantostictus">
<emphasis box="[462,626,251,274]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. pantostictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the absence of two to eight dark spots distributed along the midlateral surface of the body (
<emphasis box="[367,396,320,343]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
the presence of such pigmentation in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari, Sidlauskas &amp; Le Bail" authorityYear="2012" box="[164,312,354,378]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="biocellatus">
<emphasis box="[164,312,354,378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. biocellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari &amp; Nijssen" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[326,460,355,378]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis box="[326,460,355,378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Britski" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[520,632,354,378]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanderi">
<emphasis box="[520,632,354,378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. vanderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the absence of a patch of dark pigmentation on the dorsal or adipose fins (
<emphasis box="[145,174,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
the presence of such pigmentation in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[590,740,424,447]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripinnis">
<emphasis box="[590,740,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. nigripinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="notatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. notatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[260,427,458,482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vexillapinnus">
<emphasis box="[260,427,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. vexillapinnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and a non-fleshy upper lip (
<emphasis box="[718,747,458,481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
lip very fleshy in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[285,450,492,516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mestomyllon">
<emphasis box="[285,450,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. mestomyllon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[471,779,492,516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[471,779,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be meristically further distinguished from various other congeners by the possession of 31 pored scales along the lateral line from the supracleithrum to the hypural joint (
<emphasis box="[750,779,597,620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
four to nine pored scales in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wosiacki &amp; Miranda" authorityYear="2014" box="[437,544,630,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aninha">
<emphasis box="[437,544,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. aninha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Meinken" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[558,701,630,654]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saladensis">
<emphasis box="[558,701,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. saladensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity box="[239,295,665,689]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="27.0">27 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Britski" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[303,416,665,689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanderi">
<emphasis box="[303,416,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. vanderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 27 or 
<quantity box="[496,551,665,689]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="28.0">28 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[559,703,665,689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gangamon">
<emphasis box="[559,703,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. gangamon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in sum 
<quantity box="[191,316,699,724]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6383" metricValueMax="2.4638" metricValueMin="0.8128" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="64.5" valueMax="97.0" valueMin="32.0">32 to 97 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kner" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[326,487,699,723]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abramoides">
<emphasis box="[326,487,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. abramoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[504,614,699,723]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspilos">
<emphasis box="[504,614,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. aspilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard in Quoy &amp; Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[631,737,699,723]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbert">
<emphasis box="[631,737,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. gilbert</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucostictus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. leucostictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachnner" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[279,443,734,758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
<emphasis box="[279,443,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. magdalenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[460,569,734,758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nagelii">
<emphasis box="[460,569,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. nagelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[586,737,734,758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripinnis">
<emphasis box="[586,737,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. nigripinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari, Zanata &amp; Camelier" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinnilepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. pinnilepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[253,375,769,793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platanus">
<emphasis box="[253,375,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. platanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fernandez-Yepez" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[387,576,769,792]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santacatarinae">
<emphasis box="[387,576,769,792]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. santacatarinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[589,728,769,793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stilbolepis">
<emphasis box="[589,728,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. stilbolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[136,221,804,827]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="voga">
<emphasis box="[136,221,804,827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. voga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the presence of 9 branched dorsal-fin rays (
<emphasis box="[715,744,804,827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10 to 12 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[222,335,838,862]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spilotus">
<emphasis box="[222,335,838,862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. spilotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the possession of 30 or 31 vertebrae (
<emphasis box="[145,174,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">vs.</emphasis>
28 or 
<quantity box="[249,305,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Britski" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[314,428,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanderi">
<emphasis box="[314,428,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. vanderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<quantity box="[484,605,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.763" metricValueMax="9.398" metricValueMin="8.128" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" unit="in" value="34.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="32.0">32 to 37 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kner" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[613,771,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abramoides">
<emphasis box="[613,771,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. abramoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[136,245,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspilos">
<emphasis box="[136,245,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. aspilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard in Quoy &amp; Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[262,368,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilbert">
<emphasis box="[262,368,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. gilbert</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fernandez-Yepez in Fernandez-Yepez" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[384,517,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis box="[384,517,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. modestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[534,642,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nagelii">
<emphasis box="[534,642,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. nagelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[659,771,907,930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="notatus">
<emphasis box="[659,771,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. notatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Guenther" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[136,260,941,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platanus">
<emphasis box="[136,260,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. platanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fernandez-Yepez" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[273,464,942,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santacatarinae">
<emphasis box="[273,464,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. santacatarinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vari" authorityYear="1992" box="[479,620,941,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stilbolepis">
<emphasis box="[479,620,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. stilbolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hensel" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[680,763,942,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="voga">
<emphasis box="[680,763,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. voga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Morphometric ratios and counts serve to further discriminate 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,327,1010,1034]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[136,327,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">C. sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from various congeners (for comparative data see Vari, 1992a; Vari &amp; Blackledge, 1996; Vari &amp; Chang, 2006; Vari 
<emphasis box="[254,307,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010, 2012).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4551207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551207/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" startId="1.[129,168,1915,1939]" targetBox="[129,1452,1053,1900]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,1451,1915,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,199,1915,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[204,513,1915,1939]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="328" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[204,513,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="328">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, MZUSP 115004, 60.7 mm SL, Igarapé Nouba Uba, rio Negro, Amazon basin, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas State, Brazil. Views of preserved specimen (a) and radiograph (b).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="08BE664CFFA5FFBC0446CCFE62E0E300" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/08BE664CFFA5FFBC0446CCFE62E0E300" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" startId="2.[816,879,182,206]" targetBox="[826,1459,296,856]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,182,270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,904,182,206]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[1153,1459,182,206]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[1153,1459,182,206]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 7). Range includes holotype and paratypes. SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<table box="[826,1459,296,856]" gridcols="4" gridrows="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<tr box="[826,1459,296,315]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rowspan-0="1">
<th box="[1178,1257,296,315]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Holotype</th>
<th box="[1268,1350,296,315]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Range</th>
<th box="[1361,1459,296,315]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Mean ± SD</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,322,341]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,322,341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,322,341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">60.7</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,322,341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">44.3-67.0</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,322,341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">53.1</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,346,366]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th box="[826,1158,346,366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Percentage of standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,371,390]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,371,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Greatest body depth</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,371,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">33.2</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,371,390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">30.4-33.2</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,371,390]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">32.0 ± 0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,396,415]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,396,415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout to dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,396,415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">47.9</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,396,415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">46.6-48.6</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,396,415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">47.7 ± 0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,420,439]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,420,439]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout to pectoral-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,420,439]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">24.6</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,420,439]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">24.6-27.7</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,420,439]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">26.4 ± 1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,444,464]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,444,464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,444,464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">54.3</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,444,464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">52.2-54.7</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,444,464]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">53.7 ± 1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,469,488]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,469,488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout to anal-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,469,488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">80.0</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,469,488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">77.6-80.0</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,469,488]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">79.2 ± 0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,493,513]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,493,513]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout to anus</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,493,513]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">75.7</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,493,513]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">74.1-75.7</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,493,513]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">74.6 ± 0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,518,537]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,518,537]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin origin to hypural joint</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,518,537]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">57.8</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,518,537]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">56.4-58.9</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,518,537]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">57.3 ± 0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,542,562]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,542,562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin origin to anal-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,542,562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">45.6</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,542,562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">43.6-45.6</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,542,562]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">44.7 ± 0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,567,586]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,567,586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,567,586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">33.0</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,567,586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">30.9-33.0</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,567,586]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">32.0 ± 0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,592,611]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,592,611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin origin to pectoral-fin origin</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,592,611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">34.0</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,592,611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">32.2-34.0</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,592,611]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">33.0 ± 0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,616,635]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,616,635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,616,635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">12.7</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,616,635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">11.5-12.8</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,616,635]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">12.4 ± 0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,641,660]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,641,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Pectoral-fin length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,641,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">17.8</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,641,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">16.8-19.1</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,641,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">18.0 ± 0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,666,685]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,666,685]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Pelvic-fin length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,666,685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">19.5</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,666,685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">19.3-20.8</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,666,685]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">19.9 ± 0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,689,709]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,689,709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal-fin length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,689,709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">23.5</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,689,709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">23.5-27.2</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,689,709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">25.3 ± 1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,714,734]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,714,734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Head length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,714,734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">25.4</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,714,734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">23.9-26.6</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,714,734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">25.7 ± 0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,739,758]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th box="[826,1158,739,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Percentage of head length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,763,783]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,763,783]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Snout length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,763,783]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">32.3</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,763,783]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">29.3-32.9</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,763,783]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">31.7 ± 1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,788,807]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,788,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Orbital diameter</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,788,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">38.1</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,788,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">34.1-39.3</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,788,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">36.6 ± 1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,813,832]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,813,832]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Postorbital length</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,813,832]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">34.6</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,813,832]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">33.1-39.0</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,813,832]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">36.3 ± 1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[826,1459,837,856]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<th box="[826,1158,837,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Interorbital width</th>
<td box="[1178,1257,837,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">39.6</td>
<td box="[1268,1350,837,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">33.0-42.8</td>
<td box="[1361,1459,837,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">41.0 ± 1.2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="330" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,779,1148,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,284,1148,1172]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data presented in 
<tableCitation box="[683,771,1148,1173]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[816,879,182,206]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1.Morphometric data for Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis (N = 7). Range includes holotype and paratypes. SD = standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/08BE664CFFA5FFBC0446CCFE62E0E300" pageId="2" pageNumber="329" tableUuid="08BE664CFFA5FFBC0446CCFE62E0E300">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body moderately elongate; elongation more pronounced in larger specimens. Dorsal profile of head convex from margin of upper lip to vertical through anterior nares, nearly straight from that point to posterior terminus of head. Dorsal profile of body slightly convex from tip of supraoccipital spine to dorsal-fin origin; straight to slightly convex and posteroventrally-slanted from base of last dorsal-fin ray to adipose-fin origin and then slightly concave to origin of anteriormost dorsal procurrent ray. Dorsal surface of body with barely apparent median ridge anterior to dorsal-fin base and transversely rounded posterior to fin base. Ventral profile of head very slightly convex to nearly straight from margin of lower lip to isthmus. Ventral profile of body smoothly convex from isthmus to pelvic-fin origin, convex from that point to rear of anal-fin base and then slightly concave to origin of anteriormost ventral procurrent ray. Prepelvic region smoothly flattened transversely, with midventral series of scales comparable in size to those on adjoining portions of body. Postpelvic region of body transversely rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,779,1148,1967]" lastBlockId="2.[816,1460,907,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Dorsal fin pointed, with distal margin straight and first and second branched rays longest. Pectoral-fin profile pointed. Tip of adpressed pectoral fin falls four or five scales short of vertical through pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic fin profile pointed. Tip of adpressed pelvic fin falls one or two scales short of anus. Caudal fin forked with tips of lobes somewhat pointed. Adipose fin well developed. Anal fin emarginate with first branched ray longest and about three times length of ultimate ray. Tip of adpressed anal fin falls five or six scales short of point of origin of ventral most caudal-fin ray.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,907,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">Head profile anteriorly pointed overall from lateral view, but rounded in region of mouth and snout. Upper jaw very slightly longer than lower jaw with mouth slightly subterminal or jaws equal. Nostrils very close; anterior circular to ovoid, posterior crescent-shaped with aperture closed by thin flap of skin separating nostrils. Adipose eyelid well developed and extending posteriorly onto anterodorsal portion of opercle. Smaller specimens with central aperture in adipose eyelid round and approximately corresponding to limits of pupil. Opening in larger individuals vertically-ovoid with eyelid overlapping anterior and posterior portions of pupil.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1460,907,1967]" lastBlockId="3.[129,771,181,413]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="330" pageId="2" pageNumber="329">All scales of lateral line pored with primary laterosensory canal straight. Pored lateral-line scales from supracleithrum to hypural joint 31* (7). Pored scales on basal portions of caudal fin posterior to hypural joint 2* (5) or 3 (2). Scales in transverse series from dorsal-fin origin to lateral line 5* (6) or 5½ (1). Scales in transverse series from anal-fin origin to lateral line 4*(3), 4½ (3) or 5 (1). Scales between anus and anal-fin origin 2* (6) or 3 (1). Middorsal series of scales from rear of supraoccipital spine to dorsal-fin origin 9* (6) or 10 (1). Smaller individuals lacking scales over caudal-fin lobes. Midsized and larger specimens with field of adherent scales continuing posteriorly onto basal portion of each caudal-fin lobe. Anterior scales similar in size to those on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Adherent scales present over basal portions of pelvic fin; scales primarily covering last unbranched fin-ray.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,771,181,413]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Dorsal-fin rays iii,9* (7), with first unbranched ray very short. Anal-fin rays ii,7* (3) or iii,7 (4), with first ray very short when three unbranched rays present. Pelvic-fin rays ii, 9* (7). Pectoral-fin rays 14 (1) or 15* (6). Total vertebrae 30 (1) or 31* (6).</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,457,1103]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,393,457,482]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
Ground coloration of specimens fixed in alcohol brownish; those fixed in formalin yellowish. Overall coloration of larger specimens retaining guanine on scales silvery or silvery golden. Dusky surface coloration darker on dorsal portion of head; head dusky dorsolaterally and light colored ventrally. Chromatophores on postorbital region of head slightly larger than those on snout other than in area posterior of orbit overlapped by adipose eyelid. Overall pigmentation of that portion of postorbital region consequently somewhat lighter than that of adjoining areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,772,457,1103]" lastBlockId="3.[809,1453,181,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">
Dusky surface coloration darker on dorsal and dorsolateral regions of body. Ground coloration of body more yellowish ventrally. Dusky surface coloration darker on dorsal and dorsolateral regions of body. Ground coloration of body more yellowish ventrally. Deep-lying, dark chromatophores forming faint, dusky midlateral stripe on body. Stripe most evident posterior of vertical through base of ultimate dorsal-fin ray and with posterior section of stripe slightly expanded vertically. Stripe continues to anterior margin of patch of dark pigmentation on midlateral surface of caudal peduncle. Middorsal region of body with series of small dark chromatophores running from tip of supraoccipital spine to anterior border of adipose fin, darker than adjoining areas. Scales on dorsal and dorsolateral regions of body with dark central regions. Light 
<emphasis box="[1330,1397,320,343]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">versus</emphasis>
dark regions cumulatively forming overall reticulate pattern on those portions of body. Dark chromatophores sparsely distributed over central portion of exposed region of scales but more concentrated anteriorly. Dark pigmentation absent on scales on lateral surface of body ventral to horizontal through base of pectoral fin and also on abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1453,181,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins somewhat dusky, with ray margins outlined by small, dark chromatophores. Dark pigmentation most developed distally on caudal-fin lobes, dorsal fin, and anterior rays of anal fin. Pectoral and pelvic fins hyaline overall, but with rays outlined by small, dark chromatophores. Adipose fin speckled with small dark chromatophores.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="330" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1451,803,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,964,803,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[975,1306,803,827]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[975,1306,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is presently known from the upper 
<collectingRegion box="[1048,1154,838,862]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">rio Negro</collectingRegion>
, Amazon basin (
<figureCitation box="[1327,1392,838,862]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[126,165,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[261,1319,1158,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-447@3.[255,1324,1157,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Map of Western Amazon basin showing the collection locality of Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis (yellow dot) in the upper rio Negro near São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551209/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus box="[809,856,873,897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">type</typeStatus>
locality, Igarapé Nouba Uba (
<figureCitation box="[1191,1257,872,896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,175,679,703]" captionTargetBox="[136,779,182,664]" captionTargetId="figure-742@4.[136,779,182,664]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Igarapé Nouba Uba, type locality of Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis, upper rio Negro, near São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazon basin, northern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) empties into the 
<collectingRegion box="[809,913,907,931]" country="Argentina" name="Rio Negro" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">rio Negro</collectingRegion>
upriver of the city of São Gabriel da Cachoeira.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[809,1451,976,1104]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,971,976,1000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Habitat notes.</emphasis>
The Igarapé Nouba Uba (
<figureCitation box="[1248,1310,976,1000]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,175,679,703]" captionTargetBox="[136,779,182,664]" captionTargetId="figure-742@4.[136,779,182,664]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Igarapé Nouba Uba, type locality of Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis, upper rio Negro, near São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazon basin, northern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) is a shallow (
<quantity box="[816,921,1010,1034]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30-50 cm</quantity>
), slow-flowing stream over fine and sand substrate within a well-preserved forested setting with the stream borders lined with grasses and rushes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4551209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551209/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="330" startId="3.[126,165,1915,1939]" targetBox="[261,1319,1158,1898]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[126,1452,1915,1972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[126,198,1915,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Map of Western Amazon basin showing the collection locality of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[928,1240,1915,1939]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="330" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[928,1240,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="330">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(yellow dot) in the upper rio Negro near São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551211" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4551211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4551211/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" startId="4.[136,175,679,703]" targetBox="[136,779,182,664]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,778,679,767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,210,679,703]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
Igarapé Nouba Uba, type locality of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, upper rio Negro, near São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazon basin, northern Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,779,838,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,258,838,862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[464,621,838,862]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[464,621,838,862]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is in reference to the município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, 
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Amazonas" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Amazonas State</collectingRegion>
, within which the new species was discovered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,779,976,1622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,368,976,1000]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Generic placement.</emphasis>
As presently defined, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[630,778,976,1000]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[630,778,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is delimited by the combination of the possession of the synapomorphies for a quadritomy formed by that genus, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.H.Eigenmann &amp; R.S.Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[136,277,1079,1103]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Curimatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[136,277,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Curimatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[297,487,1079,1103]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Pseudocurimata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[297,487,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Pseudocurimata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[553,744,1079,1103]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Steindachnerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[553,744,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Steindachnerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in conjunction with the absence of the synapomorphies diagnostic for each of those three other genera (
<bibRefCitation author="Vari" box="[646,774,1148,1173]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref4349" refString="Vari, R. P. 1989 a. A phylogenetic study of the Neotropical characiform family Curimatidae (Pisces: Ostariophysi). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 471: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1989">Vari, 1989a</bibRefCitation>
, 1989c, 1991, 1992a, 1992b). The absence of identified derived features common to the species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[631,778,1218,1242]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[631,778,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
leaves open the possibility that the closest relatives of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,486,1287,1311]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[136,486,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and likely some other species in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[265,419,1321,1345]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[265,419,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) lie with one of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.H.Eigenmann &amp; R.S.Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[632,771,1321,1345]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Curimatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[632,771,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Curimatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[136,322,1356,1380]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Pseudocurimata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[136,322,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Pseudocurimata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[393,579,1356,1380]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Steindachnerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[393,579,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Steindachnerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than with their nominal congeners. That possibility notwithstanding, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melo &amp; Vari" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,454,1425,1449]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanctigabrielis">
<emphasis box="[136,454,1425,1449]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax sanctigabrielis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks the externally obvious synapomorphies present in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.H.Eigenmann &amp; R.S.Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[469,610,1459,1483]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Curimatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[469,610,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Curimatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Vari" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref4349" refString="Vari, R. P. 1989 a. A phylogenetic study of the Neotropical characiform family Curimatidae (Pisces: Ostariophysi). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 471: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1989">Vari, 1989a: 58</bibRefCitation>
, 1992b: 4), 
<taxonomicName authority="(Vari, 1989 c: 3)" baseAuthorityName="Vari" baseAuthorityPageNumber="3" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[323,724,1494,1518]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Pseudocurimata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[323,516,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Pseudocurimata</emphasis>
(Vari, 1989c: 3)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[136,314,1528,1552]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Steindachnerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[136,314,1528,1552]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Steindachnerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Vari" box="[329,490,1528,1553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref4349" refString="Vari, R. P. 1989 a. A phylogenetic study of the Neotropical characiform family Curimatidae (Pisces: Ostariophysi). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 471: 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1989">Vari, 1989: 58</bibRefCitation>
; 1991: 23). In the absence of such derived features, the new species is assigned to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1906" box="[136,282,1597,1621]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Curimatidae" genus="Cyphocharax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[136,282,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Cyphocharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under the present definition of that genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>