379 lines
52 KiB
XML
379 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="19B0765034EBDA149CAF3E9BAB60B7F6" ID-CLB-Dataset="4904" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3857.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1584a70-08c3-4429-b49e-69ae45cb14ba" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929981" ID-ZooBank="96CEC1DB-94B8-4E38-88E1-CBA15871C2AE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623441269573" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vieira, Leandro M., Jones, Mary Spencer & Taylor, Paul D." docDate="2014" docId="6E0B87BA46384C3714B5ED62FB50FE24" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03857p182.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3857 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Watersipora cucullata" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="154" masterDocId="9232FFC2463A4C341422EE26FF9BFFA3" masterDocTitle="The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d’Orbigny) and some other congeneric species" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1699012974352" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BC4B4323BF4E37F6A146D771C705548E">
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<mods:title id="F8B8A8A1AD830D882BD62C424CE119B0">The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d’Orbigny) and some other congeneric species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="021F2ED5D91E5E7C245C9BA736614327" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B48DC170E8A284CB1E665776A3584B68">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4C8A2A04F14D9B4C805FE95869DC718A">Vieira, Leandro M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="958A0136E5C01DB2FCCEF5B46FB0C25A">Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil. E-mail: leandromanzoni @ hotmail. com Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK. E-mail: m. spencer-jones @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="403708859B62045800D084C3288AA0E7">Jones, Mary Spencer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5AD8E0043488FACC3AF6560357167DC4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="589D664F5A91B8742481C522BF87DB0F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F8C0E2D8D89286FD3FFB227039F31296">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4FB4D5DF92F2A978A8DC75C25EDE3BBD">Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK. E-mail: p. taylor @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3D18742353463420863D642ED8AFCDAD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="57B3F94B50BDD756BF86C2959BFB07D4">
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<mods:date id="7E9AC1EFE21590EDDDEABC4F10FCB162">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E9703CEE86D35AD2243B3BFBD1A96A3C">2014-08-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A979FB8264C4E90AF9807ADF3795E626">3857</mods:number>
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<treatment id="6E0B87BA46384C3714B5ED62FB50FE24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5227746" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184640157" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5227746" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E0B87BA46384C3714B5ED62FB50FE24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E0B87BA46384C3714B5ED62FB50FE24" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<subSubSection id="AEB8652746384C3614B5ED62FD55FCFD" box="[151,718,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E61D36AC46384C3614B5ED62FD55FCFD" blockId="2.[151,718,835,862]" box="[151,718,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<heading id="BD5581C046384C3614B5ED62FD55FCFD" bold="true" box="[151,718,835,862]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3614B5ED62FD55FCFD" bold="true" box="[151,718,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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Identity of
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361503ED65FD55FCFD" ID-CoL="5BV6C" authority="(Busk, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[289,718,835,862]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361503ED65FDB1FCFE" bold="true" box="[289,554,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361618ED62FD5DFCFD" author="Busk, G." box="[570,710,836,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref17512" refString="Busk, G. (1854) Catalogue of marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum, II. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 54 pp." type="book" year="1854">Busk, 1854</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AEB8652746384C3714B5EDACFB50FE24" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E61D36AC46384C3614B5EDACFC3AFAD4" blockId="2.[151,1439,906,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3614B5EDACFEB9FC00" author="Busk, G." box="[151,290,906,931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref17512" refString="Busk, G. (1854) Catalogue of marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum, II. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 54 pp." type="book" year="1854">Busk (1854)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3615BEEDADFDF7FC00" authorityName="sensu Busk" authorityYear="1854" box="[412,620,907,931]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Lepralia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615BEEDADFDF7FC00" box="[412,620,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Lepralia cucullata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Aegean Sea and noted that, owing to the absence of ovicells, it was not possible to assign his specimens to Savigny’s species (
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361778ED88FC61FC64" author="Savigny, J. C." box="[858,1018,942,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref19749" refString="Savigny, J. C. (1817) Description de l'Egypte, ou receuil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'Expedition de ' Armee francaise ... Histoire naturelle. Vol. 2. Imprimerie Royale, Paris, 125 pls." type="book" year="1817">Savigny 1817</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 8, fig. 6), which had been named
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3614B5EDF5FD01FC48" authority="Lamouroux, 1816" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,666,978,1003]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mangnevillana">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3614B5EDF5FE20FC48" box="[151,443,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Cellepora mangnevillana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3615E8EDF5FD01FC48" author="Lamouroux, J. V. F." box="[458,666,978,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref18632" refString="Lamouroux, J. V. F. (1816) Histoire des Polypiers coralligenes flexibles, vulgairement nommes Zoophytes. F. Poisson, Caen, 559 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamouroux, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3616F1EDF4FC0AFC48" author="Audouin, J. V." box="[723,913,978,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="225 - 244" refId="ref17238" refString="Audouin, J. V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de Polypes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny. In: Panckoucke, C. L. F. (Org.), Description de l'Egypte ou receuil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egyptes pendant l'Expedition de l'Armee francaise … Histoire naturelle. Tome 1 (4). Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris, pp. 225 - 244." type="book chapter" year="1826">Audouin (1826)</bibRefCitation>
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. The species was characterized by a black colouration and a granular surface (
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361663EDD0FD5EFBAC" author="Busk, G." box="[577,709,1014,1039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref17512" refString="Busk, G. (1854) Catalogue of marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum, II. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 54 pp." type="book" year="1854">Busk 1854</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361736EDD1FC23FBAC" author="Waters, A. W." box="[788,952,1014,1039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="28 - 43" refId="ref20432" refString="Waters, A. W. (1879) III. - On the Bryozoa (Polyzoa) of the Bay of Naples. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 5, 3, 28 - 43. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937908682488" type="journal article" year="1879">Waters (1879)</bibRefCitation>
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described frontal pseudopores in Busk’s specimens as well as his own colonies from Naples.
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3616D3EA3CFC0FFB90" author="Hincks, T." box="[753,916,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="254 - 271" refId="ref18287" refString="Hincks, T. (1886) The Polyzoa of the Adriatic: a supplement to Prof. Heller's ' Die Bryozoen des adriatischen Meeres', 1867. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 17, 254 - 271. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609460142" type="journal article" year="1886">Hincks (1886)</bibRefCitation>
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used the name
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36106AEA3DFF54FBF4" authority="Busk, 1856" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36106AEA3DFAC8FB90" box="[1096,1363,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Schizoporella atrofusca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361179EA3CFF54FBF4" author="Busk, G." pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="176 - 179" refId="ref17553" refString="Busk, G. (1856) Zoophytology. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 4, 176 - 179, pls 7 - 8." type="journal article" year="1856">Busk, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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for the specimens reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361604EA19FD5FFBF4" author="Waters, A. W." box="[550,708,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="28 - 43" refId="ref20432" refString="Waters, A. W. (1879) III. - On the Bryozoa (Polyzoa) of the Bay of Naples. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 5, 3, 28 - 43. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937908682488" type="journal article" year="1879">Waters (1879)</bibRefCitation>
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and included the form
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3617E4EA18FB82FBF5" box="[966,1049,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">labiosa</emphasis>
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from the Arabian Sea, but gave no additional accounts of Busk’s
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<typeStatus id="3919880E46384C3615CFEA45FDB3FBD8" box="[493,552,1123,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">types</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36166DEA45FD4EFBD8" authorityName="sensu Busk" authorityYear="1854" box="[591,725,1123,1147]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Lepralia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36166DEA45FD4EFBD8" box="[591,725,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">L. cucullata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3616DFEA45FC18FBD8" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[765,899,1123,1147]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3616DFEA45FC18FBD8" box="[765,899,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">S. atrofusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3617B1EA45FBA9FBD8" author="Waters, A. W." box="[915,1074,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="123 - 181" refId="ref20519" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the Marine Biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S.; together with collections made in the Red Sea by Dr. Hartmeyer. XII. The Bryozoa, Part 1, Cheilostomata. Linnean Society of London Journal of Zoology, 31, 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361049EA44FA82FBD8" author="Hastings A. B." box="[1131,1305,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="331 - 353" refId="ref18075" refString="Hastings A. B. (1927) Zoological results of the Cambridge expedition to the Suez Canal, 1924, 20. Report on the Polyzoa. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 22, 331 - 353. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1927. tb 00381. x" type="journal article" year="1927">Hastings (1927</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361107EA44FAC5FBD8" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[1317,1374,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="697 - 740" refId="ref18138" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. A. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 99, 697 - 740. [1929 on cover] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1929. tb 01453. x" type="journal article" year="1930">1930</bibRefCitation>
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) also included
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3614DDEAA1FE1EFB3C" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[255,389,1159,1183]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3614DDEAA1FE1EFB3C" box="[255,389,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">S. atrofusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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under
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3615F6EAA1FDC1FB3D" authorityName="sensu Busk" authorityYear="1854" box="[468,602,1158,1182]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Lepralia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615F6EAA1FDC1FB3D" box="[468,602,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">L. cucullata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but their description encompassed more than one species (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C36117EEAA0FEDDFB60" author="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D." pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="299 - 309" refId="ref20020" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. Bryozoa 1974. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Science de Lyon, h. s. 3, 2, 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule 1975</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361542EA8DFD94FB60" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[352,527,1194,1219]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="641 - 1147" refId="ref18035" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition, Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
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synonymised three species—
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<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361751EA8DFBE3FB60" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[883,1144,1195,1219]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361751EA8DFBE3FB60" box="[883,1144,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Cellepora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3610ACEA8DFAFEFB60" authorityName="sensu Busk" authorityYear="1854" box="[1166,1381,1195,1219]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Lepralia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3610ACEA8DFAFEFB60" box="[1166,1381,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Lepralia cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3614B5EAE8FE33FB44" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,424,1230,1255]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3614B5EAE8FE33FB44" box="[151,424,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Schizoporella atrofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361630EAE9FCB1FB45" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[530,810,1230,1254]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361630EAE9FCB1FB45" box="[530,810,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36174AEAE8FBCFFB45" box="[872,1108,1230,1254]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Dakaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36174AEAE8FBCFFB45" box="[872,1108,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Dakaria subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which contrasts with the statement of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361508EAD4FE7AFAA8" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[298,481,1266,1291]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="697 - 740" refId="ref18138" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. A. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 99, 697 - 740. [1929 on cover] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1929. tb 01453. x" type="journal article" year="1930">Hastings (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who suggested the existence of more than one species under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361131EAD5FF64FA8D" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361131EAD5FF64FA8D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; nevertheless, Hastings did not introduce new names for specimens with distinct opercular shapes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3614B5EB1CFECCFAF0" author="Mawatari, S." box="[151,343,1338,1363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="14 - 17" refId="ref19077" refString="Mawatari, S. (1952) On Watersipora cucullata (Busk). I. Systematic study. Miscellaneous Reports of the Research Institute of Natural Resources (Tokyo), 25, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Mawatari (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, introduced the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36165CEB1CFCBCFAF1" authorityName="Mawatari" authorityYear="1952" box="[638,807,1338,1363]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="cucullata" variety="watersi">
|
||
variety
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3616F7EB1DFCBCFAF1" box="[725,807,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">watersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for specimens reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361042EB1DFA9BFAF0" author="Waters, A. W." box="[1120,1280,1338,1363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="123 - 181" refId="ref20519" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the Marine Biology of the Sudanese Red Sea, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S.; together with collections made in the Red Sea by Dr. Hartmeyer. XII. The Bryozoa, Part 1, Cheilostomata. Linnean Society of London Journal of Zoology, 31, 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361118EB1CFF78FAD4" author="Hastings, A. B." pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="697 - 740" refId="ref18138" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. A. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 99, 697 - 740. [1929 on cover] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1929. tb 01453. x" type="journal article" year="1930">Hastings (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which may represent at least two distinct species (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E61D36AC46384C3614E5EBA4FD1DF8A0" blockId="2.[151,1439,906,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
|
||
Following examination of the type specimens of Busk’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361777EBA5FC46FA38" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[853,989,1411,1435]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361777EBA5FC46FA38" box="[853,989,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">L. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361004EBA5FA07FA39" authority=", NHMUK" authorityName="NHMUK" box="[1062,1436,1411,1435]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361004EBA5FABAFA38" box="[1062,1313,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
, NHMUK
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1854.11.15.189,
|
||
<typeStatus id="3919880E46384C361576EB80FE20FA1C" box="[340,443,1446,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E992A2946384C3615E9EB80FDAAFA1C" box="[459,561,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-101@8.[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9, Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854), NHMUK 1854.11.15.189, lectotype, Aegean Sea. 6, specimen with two autozooids; 7, close-up of an orifice; 8, close-up of the lateral edge of the orifice, showing the condyle and the latero-oral intrazooidal septulum; 9, close-up of the frontal shield. 10, Watersipora atrofusca (Busk, 1856), NHMUK 1892.9.6.4pt, lectotype, Mazatlan, Mexico; autozooidal arrangement. 11, Watersipora nigra (Canu & Bassler, 1930), USNM 8495, holotype, Galapagos; autozooidal arrangement." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929987/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Figs 6–9</figureCitation>
|
||
), chosen by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3616E3EB80FC20FA1C" author="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D." box="[705,955,1446,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="299 - 309" refId="ref20020" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. Bryozoa 1974. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Science de Lyon, h. s. 3, 2, 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, plus NHMUK 2012.6.30.1,
|
||
<typeStatus id="3919880E46384C361127EB80FA07FA1C" box="[1285,1436,1446,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E992A2946384C3614BDEBECFEBAFA40" box="[159,289,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,403,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-148@12.[151,1436,403,1937]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 25–29. Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854), NHMUK 2012.6.30.1, paralectotype, Aegean Sea. 25, autozooidal arrangement; 26, autozooid; 27, close-up of an orifice; 28, close-up of the frontal shield; 29, close-up of the lateral edge of the orifice, showing a condyle and the latero-oral intrazooidal septulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929995/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Figs 25–29</figureCitation>
|
||
)—and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361559EBEDFD9FFA40" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[379,516,1483,1507]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361559EBEDFD9FFA40" box="[379,516,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">S. atrofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36166FEBEDFC5DFA41" authority=", NHMUK" authorityName="NHMUK" box="[589,966,1483,1507]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36166FEBEDFCD0FA40" box="[589,843,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora atrofusca</emphasis>
|
||
, NHMUK
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1892.9.6.4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E992A2946384C36107EEBECFB34FA40" box="[1116,1199,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-101@8.[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9, Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854), NHMUK 1854.11.15.189, lectotype, Aegean Sea. 6, specimen with two autozooids; 7, close-up of an orifice; 8, close-up of the lateral edge of the orifice, showing the condyle and the latero-oral intrazooidal septulum; 9, close-up of the frontal shield. 10, Watersipora atrofusca (Busk, 1856), NHMUK 1892.9.6.4pt, lectotype, Mazatlan, Mexico; autozooidal arrangement. 11, Watersipora nigra (Canu & Bassler, 1930), USNM 8495, holotype, Galapagos; autozooidal arrangement." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929987/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
)—we conclude that these should be considered as distinct species, as was suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3617B5EBC8FB08F9A4" author="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D." box="[919,1171,1518,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="299 - 309" refId="ref20020" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. Bryozoa 1974. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Science de Lyon, h. s. 3, 2, 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Orifice size in the two species differs, being larger in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3615D6E835FD1BF988" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[500,640,1555,1579]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615D6E835FD1BF988" box="[500,640,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3616FCE835FCF0F988" box="[734,875,1555,1579]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3616FCE835FCF0F988" box="[734,875,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. atrofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two small latero-oral multiporous septula in the frontal shield (equivalent to the ‘intrazoidal septula’ of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361729E811FC14F9EC" author="Banta, W. C." box="[779,911,1590,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="37 - 56" refId="ref17404" refString="Banta, W. C. (1970) The body wall of cheilostome Bryozoa, III. The frontal wall of Watersipora arcuata Banta, with a revision of the Cryptocystidea. Journal of Morphology, 131, 37 - 56. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 1051310104" type="journal article" year="1970">Banta 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 39), one on each side of the orificial sinus, are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C361511E87DFE26F9D0" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[307,445,1627,1651]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361511E87DFE26F9D0" box="[307,445,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E992A2946384C3615EEE87CFDACF9D0" box="[460,567,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1747,1770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-101@8.[151,1436,193,1726]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. 6–9, Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854), NHMUK 1854.11.15.189, lectotype, Aegean Sea. 6, specimen with two autozooids; 7, close-up of an orifice; 8, close-up of the lateral edge of the orifice, showing the condyle and the latero-oral intrazooidal septulum; 9, close-up of the frontal shield. 10, Watersipora atrofusca (Busk, 1856), NHMUK 1892.9.6.4pt, lectotype, Mazatlan, Mexico; autozooidal arrangement. 11, Watersipora nigra (Canu & Bassler, 1930), USNM 8495, holotype, Galapagos; autozooidal arrangement." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929987/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Figures 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7E992A2946384C361666E87CFDFAF9D0" box="[580,609,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,403,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-148@12.[151,1436,403,1937]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 25–29. Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854), NHMUK 2012.6.30.1, paralectotype, Aegean Sea. 25, autozooidal arrangement; 26, autozooid; 27, close-up of an orifice; 28, close-up of the frontal shield; 29, close-up of the lateral edge of the orifice, showing a condyle and the latero-oral intrazooidal septulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929995/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">29</figureCitation>
|
||
) but are lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36171AE87DFC58F9D0" box="[824,963,1627,1651]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36171AE87DFC58F9D0" box="[824,963,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. atrofusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3617F2E87DFB7DF9D0" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[976,1254,1627,1651]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3617F2E87DFB7DF9D0" box="[976,1254,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from Busk’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36150AE859FE2FF935" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[296,436,1662,1686]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36150AE859FE2FF935" box="[296,436,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the shape of the orifice, the shape and size of the condyles, and the size of the frontal pseudopores.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361512E884FD94F918" author="Ryland, J. S. & de Blauwe, H. & Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A." box="[304,527,1698,1723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref19695" refString="Ryland, J. S., de Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615A4E885FE25F918" box="[390,446,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the identity of Busk’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3617A9E885FB8EF918" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[907,1045,1699,1723]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3617A9E885FB8EF918" box="[907,1045,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“clear”, following the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C361497E8E0FEF1F97C" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[181,362,1734,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="697 - 740" refId="ref18138" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. A. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 99, 697 - 740. [1929 on cover] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1929. tb 01453. x" type="journal article" year="1930">Hastings (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but Hastings mentioned a distinct
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3616D0E8E0FC08F97C" box="[754,915,1734,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" rank="variety" variety="among">variety among</taxonomicName>
|
||
her specimens, as noted in her description and plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3614C5E8CCFE17F8A0" author="Hastings, A. B." box="[231,396,1770,1795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="697 - 740" refId="ref18138" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. A. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 99, 697 - 740. [1929 on cover] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1929. tb 01453. x" type="journal article" year="1930">Hastings 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 730, pls 102–104).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E61D36AC46384C3714E5E928FB70FF70" blockId="2.[151,1439,906,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3614E5E928FE34F884" author="Ryland, J. S. & de Blauwe, H. & Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A." box="[199,431,1806,1831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref19695" refString="Ryland, J. S., de Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C361501E929FEFBF885" box="[291,352,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 53) attempted to solve nomenclatural problems concerning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3610BCE929FADDF885" box="[1182,1350,1806,1830]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Dakaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3610BCE929FADDF885" box="[1182,1350,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to stabilise d’Orbigny’s species name by designating Busk’s type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3617A9E915FB83F8E8" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[907,1048,1843,1867]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3617A9E915FB83F8E8" box="[907,1048,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3919880E46384C36104FE915FB5DF8E8" box="[1133,1222,1843,1867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of d’Orbigny’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3611A2E915FE8CF8CD" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Dakaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3611A2E915FE8CF8CD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thereby making
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3615F9E971FD71F8CD" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[475,746,1878,1902]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615F9E971FD71F8CD" box="[475,746,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3617D1E971FB70F8CD" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1011,1259,1878,1902]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3617D1E971FB70F8CD" box="[1011,1259,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately, the descriptions and figures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3615DBE95DFD06F830" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[505,669,1915,1939]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3615DBE95DFD06F830" box="[505,669,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3616E7E95CFC31F830" author="Ryland, J. S. & de Blauwe, H. & Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A." box="[709,938,1914,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref19695" refString="Ryland, J. S., de Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36173FE95DFCCCF830" box="[797,855,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are actually of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C36107DE95DFA91F830" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1119,1290,1915,1939]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C36107DE95DFA91F830" box="[1119,1290,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above). Furthermore, the selection of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="3919880E46384C3615DEE9B9FDCEF814" box="[508,597,1951,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46384C3616A7E9B9FCB2F815" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[645,809,1950,1974]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46384C3616A7E9B9FCB2F815" box="[645,809,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a site (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2466F84E46384C361799E9B8FBDFF814" box="[955,1092,1950,1975]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Aegean Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
) distant from the type locality (Egyptian
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2466F84E46384C36152EE9E4FEF0F878" box="[268,363,1986,2011]" country="Sudan" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
) is contentious. According to the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46384C3616C4E9E4FCE8F878" author="ICZN" box="[742,883,1986,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" refId="ref18383" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xx + 365 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Article 75.3.6) evidence should be provided that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3919880E46394C3714E3EEBEFE81FF13" box="[193,282,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
came as nearly as practicable from the original type locality, which was not provided in the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46394C371112EEB1FE9EFF76" author="Ryland, J. S. & de Blauwe, H. & Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A." pageId="3" pageNumber="154" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref19695" refString="Ryland, J. S., de Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3711AAEEBFFF36FF77" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
paper. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C3715BFEE9AFCC8FF76" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[413,851,188,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3715BFEE9AFD0FFF77" box="[413,660,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Cellepora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
d’Orbigny, 1852
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here considered a
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C37101DEE9BFB7FFF77" box="[1087,1252,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E61D36AC46394C3714E5EEF9FB50FE24" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
|
||
Below we provide redescriptions of d’Orbigny’s species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C37177FEEC7FB92FF5B" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[861,1033,224,248]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C37177FEEC7FB92FF5B" box="[861,1033,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C371065EEC7FB4EFF5B" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1095,1237,224,248]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371065EEC7FB4EFF5B" box="[1095,1237,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and reassign the species erroneously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C371635EF23FCAAFEBF" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[535,817,260,284]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371635EF23FCAAFEBF" box="[535,817,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46394C371743EF22FBD0FEBE" author="Ryland, J. S. & de Blauwe, H. & Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A." box="[865,1099,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" pagination="43 - 59" refId="ref19695" refString="Ryland, J. S., de Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371799EF23FC74FEBF" box="[955,1007,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to a third species previously described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82334B5D46394C371517EF01FE75FEE3" author="Ortmann, A." box="[309,494,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref19432" refString="Ortmann, A. (1890) Die Japanische Bryozoenfauna. Bericht uber die von Herrn Dr. L. Doderlein im Jahre 1880 - 81 gemachten Sammlungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 54, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1890">Ortmann (1890)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C371699EF0EFBCDFEE3" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[699,1110,296,320]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="variety" species="aterrima" variety="subatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371699EF0EFC5AFE9C" box="[699,961,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Schizoporella aterrima</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371023EF0EFBCDFEE3" box="[1025,1110,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">subatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C371059EF0EFAFDFEE3" authorityName="Vieira & Jones & Taylor" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Ortmann" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1147,1382,296,320]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C371059EF0EFAFDFEE3" box="[1147,1382,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Watersipora subatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see below). We also describe two new species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C3716A1EF6BFC1CFEC7" authority="Vieira & Jones & Taylor, 2014" authorityName="Vieira & Jones & Taylor" authorityYear="2014" box="[643,903,333,356]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="mawatarii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3716A1EF6BFC1CFEC7" box="[643,903,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Watersipora mawatarii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3717ADEF6AFC54FEC6" bold="true" box="[911,975,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFE557C546394C3717ADEF6AFC54FEC6" box="[911,975,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EB5763C46394C371037EF6AFBC3FEC0" box="[1045,1112,332,355]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C3710B6EF6BFA07FEC7" authority="Vieira & Jones & Taylor, 2014" authorityName="Vieira & Jones & Taylor" authorityYear="2014" box="[1172,1436,332,356]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="souleorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3710B6EF6BFA07FEC7" box="[1172,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Watersipora souleorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3714B5EF49FF4EFE2B" bold="true" box="[151,213,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFE557C546394C3714B5EF49FF4EFE2B" box="[151,213,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
for specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9EB5763C46394C37159FEF49FDA4FE2B" box="[445,575,367,392]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Naples previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21A24D2F46394C3717EEEF56FB5FFE2B" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[972,1220,368,392]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4D6EABE46394C3717EEEF56FB5FFE2B" box="[972,1220,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |