119 lines
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119 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" ID-PMC="PMC6033956" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-102-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" ID-PubMed="30002597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1306325" ModsDocID="1314-2003-102-1" checkinTime="1530324112772" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="DeFilipps, Robert A. & Krupnick, Gary A." docDate="2018" docId="7D1905F0A5D7CEA0DB1C92507C5C42E1" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 102: 1-341" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 102" docPubDate="2018-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" docTitle="Aristolochia indica L." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" masterDocTitle="The medicinal plants of Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="341" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668138950833" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The medicinal plants of Myanmar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>DeFilipps, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Deceased</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Krupnick, Gary A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">krupnick@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-06-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>102</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>341</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-102-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1306325</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150769464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D1905F0A5D7CEA0DB1C92507C5C42E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D1905F0A5D7CEA0DB1C92507C5C42E1" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="7D1905F0-A5D7-CEA0-DB1C-92507C5C42E1" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aristolochia indica" order="Piperales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">Aristolochia indica L.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="names">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Myanmar</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">eik-thara</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">eik-tha-ra-muli</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">thaya-muli</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">English</emphasis>
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: Indian birthwort.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="range">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Range.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Native of India and eastward; sometimes cultivated in Indo-China. In Myanmar found in Bago, Mandalay, and Yangon.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="uses">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Whole plant</emphasis>
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: For children, a mixture of equal amounts of the leaf juice and the juice squeezed from the crushed five parts is given to heal throat blisters, mouth blisters, and canker sores.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leaf</emphasis>
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: For edema and dry coughs, the juice squeezed from the crushed leaves is taken with a small amount of salt once in the morning and once in the evening. The strained juice, made from two or three of the leaves crushed finely together with eight to ten peppercorns, is given at 15-minute intervals for venomous bites from snakes and scorpions, as well as from other sources. This medicine is also used to revive and stimulate circulation in patients who have severe colds, who have lost consciousness, or who have poor circulation.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leaf</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Root</emphasis>
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: Medicines made from the roots and leaves are used to treat poisoning, coughs, heart disease, intestinal disorders in children, indigestion and gas problems, swollen and aching joints, irregular menstruation, blood irregularities, and dizziness.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Root</emphasis>
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: The paste is applied topically to neutralize poison from snake, scorpion, and other venomous bites; a small amount is rubbed onto the tongue to alleviate fever from stomach upset in children and infants; and orally or rubbed on the tongue, used to quell delirium from high fevers and to alleviate heaviness of the lips, jaw, cheeks, and tongue. Root powder mixtures with black pepper powder, raw salt, and warm water, used to regulate menstruation and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">promote</pageBreakToken>
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menstrual bloodflow; with equal parts of wheat ash and salt, taken orally with hot water or applied topically to swollen parts of the body to soothe aches, pains, and inflamed joints; and two parts of the root powder and one part ginger powder is given twice daily for dysentery or indigestion. The root is also used in preparations to ease childbirth, clear menstruation-related skin discolorations, and reduce fevers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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The medicinal uses of this species in India are discussed in
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<bibRefCitation author="Jain, SK" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="B50" refString="Jain, SK, DeFilipps, RA, 1991. Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." year="1991">Jain and DeFilipps (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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as follows: The whole plant is used for snakebite; leaf juice is used for snakebite, breast pain and suppuration, as an abortifacient; the seed is used for inflammation, joint pains; the root is used as a stimulant, emetic, emmenagogue, for fever, leucoderma (powdered and mixed with honey); to promote digestion, regulate menstruation (in small doses); on wounds, for diarrhea (paste), and for snakebite. An unspecified plant part is used to stimulate phagocytosis; also for cholera. In Indo-China the plant is used as a remedy for intermittent fever, dropsy, and loss of appetite; the root is used for the same purpose (
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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The essential oil contains a trace of camphor, and sesquiterpenes, ishwarene, ishwarone, and ishwarol The roots contain an alkaloid, aristolochine, a yellow bitter principle, isoaristolochic acid, and allantoin (
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="references">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">References.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<bibRefCitation author="Nordal, A" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B85" refString="Nordal, A, 1963. The Medicinal Plants and Crude Drugs of Burma. Hellstrom & Nordahls Boktrykkeri, Oslo." title="The Medicinal Plants and Crude Drugs of Burma. Hellstrom & Nordahls Boktrykkeri, Oslo." year="1963">Nordal (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Agricultural Corporation" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="B3" refString="Agricultural Corporation, 1980. Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" title="Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" year="1980">Agricultural Corporation (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |