640 lines
82 KiB
XML
640 lines
82 KiB
XML
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<mods:namePart id="995B8922A0D90DC1F7575DE5663DF85F">Seigler, David S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="651873CF05D17A9C26023A41BE66D892">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 900, Santa Maria / RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="80F2A227F76A54D44345BD5FC1FC944B">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="66084055EB8CF672AC8D04797EC7110C">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7103013DDDD5DF6103355D22CD98662A">240</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9EAEA85959B730236F36612A30A3E1C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9EAEA85959B730236F36612A30A3E1C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9EAEA85959B730236F36612A30A3E1C8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="3964633687ED74F8C93BC00A23A9457A" ID-CoL="9CT69" authority="Engelm. & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 243. 1845." authorityName="Engelm. & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 243. 1845." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Strombocarpa Engelm. & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 243. 1845.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="29AC525300B81D44B967109E5316972B" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 138</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="ADE461440FDC7199933E5AE02A525D80" captionStart="Figure 139" captionStartId="F146" captionText="Figure 139. Inflorescences and fruits of the genera of the Neltuma clade A capitulum of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. B spike of Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis C spike of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis D erect spike of Neltuma rubriflora (Hassl.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis E pendulous spikes of Neltuma flexuosa (DC.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis, Antofagasta, Chile F spikes of Neltuma laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose, south-central Mexico G indehiscent pods of Neltuma laevigata, south-central Mexico H unripe winged monospermous fruits of Xerocladia viridiramis in the Namib desert, Namibia I ripe fruits of Strombocarpa tamarugo, Atacama desert, northern Chile J spirally coiled indehiscent ' screw-bean' legumes of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray. Photo credits A, H H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / namibia) B, F, G CE Hughes C, I O Whaley D X Enboc- Encontro de Botanicos do Centro Oeste E P Hechenleitner J Dick Culbert." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure139" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 139</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="8E21C5B52335E4CB5FB6AFD9A5A59328" captionStart="Figure 141" captionStartId="F148" captionText="Figure 141. Distribution of Strombocarpa based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure141" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 141</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98B0EB2E042DDA66B2E9082383832E3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0FB5ECCB072ED84700E1B48526E0E694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A619AADE1F6C199A97FEF3A438B9A183" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Spirolobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirolobium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Spirolobium</taxonomicName>
|
||
A.D. Orb., Voy.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A57807A895D95411DEC0D36AD3A50A27" originalValue="Amér">Amer</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="40E1A68D4BE6D878DAC872F10E06A9F6" originalValue="Mér">Mer</normalizedToken>
|
||
. 8 (Atlas, Bot): t. 13. 1839, nom. rej. vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="275F21CB00A2A4C0A175B319E66C3360" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Spirolobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirolobium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Spirolobium</taxonomicName>
|
||
Baill., Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 773. 1889 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3533261FC9305FD21847FA430CD5864E" family="Apocynaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Type:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B1732734664DE0303354BB26CEA7770" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Spirolobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spirolobium australe" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australe">Spirolobium australe</taxonomicName>
|
||
A.D. Orb. [=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C5CE74172054AED1C6728C9A570A0A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa strombulifera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strombulifera">Strombocarpa strombulifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam.) A. Gray]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F96449CC8322DD61791FBF2A3846AF34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6711FCB474A943D343178D0060902455" authorityName="N.L.Britton & J.N.Rose" authorityYear="1928" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sopropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sopropis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sopropis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Britton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23: 182. 1928. Type:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C19832ABAC7DB84D1EEE5374DDBE18F8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sopropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sopropis palmeri" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">Sopropis palmeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
(S. Watson) Britton & Rose [≡
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4475A1E13184BF5C9414CDF2F7E46437" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis palmeri" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">Prosopis palmeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
S. Watson (≡
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DA3DE886B9A07D445D1D6B19C213A83" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa palmeri" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmeri">Strombocarpa palmeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
(S. Watson) C.E. Hughes & G.P. Lewis)]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C0EABA7C0B189B9D9B4005CF8A32E272" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="D721C44392D504261FC0CFCBAEA9D527" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6FB6B7AF29DF2F02BA34B3AB9A7777E5">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D536BB6AE6E7CDDB891E7BA805529AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CE0BC33D77B2067BFBB7415FC2DBE88F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa strombulifera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strombulifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="A5922D67814645CE6F1E5CDBD3AB27E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombocarpa strombulifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam.) A. Gray [≡
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ACA5B85B49DEAC7941B0D03439AC765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Mimosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mimosa strombulifera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strombulifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="A569E95EC591377C27F8977B14368329" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mimosa strombulifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2556198769C1F323F54A8CBFA8F84755" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7A503D9EAC080F982117C7A6CC714909" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DEE02F764886A2DF84DFF3C88D709DCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Low spiny, sometimes creeping, shrubs or small trees (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA34C967159C13A6F0BD7A204AC86095" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), 0.15-3 (18) m tall, multi-stemmed from base or sometimes with a short trunk, 10-30 (45) cm in diameter, usually densely and intricately much-branched, some species forming long underground, spreading, horizontal runners (gemmiferous roots or rhizomes), armed with strongly decurrent, straight, cinereous, white or pale-grey, stout, glabrous, 0.5-2 cm long spiny stipules (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A2BA89995928ABBD89118D74F707AB3" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138H</figureCitation>
|
||
); brachyblasts congested, blackish, prominent or obscure, or sometimes absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="7BE668F81427A07FA3961E28F6B1471C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
|
||
spinescent.
|
||
<emphasis id="D38270993815A8F9AE231D42369560BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
bipinnate, always unijugate; obscure gland between pinnae; leaflets 3-30 pairs per pinna, well separated, alternate to opposite, veins lacking or weakly 1-3-veined.
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF49F189D6BA903DC42D9C33B2A9B0C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
axillary, solitary, globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D31F67E5F3141B3B22C63CF2B67CC500" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138H</figureCitation>
|
||
) or shortly cylindrical spikes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E598188D62EA0FB09C05C5E16A5B3E23" captionStart="Figure 139" captionStartId="F146" captionText="Figure 139. Inflorescences and fruits of the genera of the Neltuma clade A capitulum of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. B spike of Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis C spike of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis D erect spike of Neltuma rubriflora (Hassl.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis E pendulous spikes of Neltuma flexuosa (DC.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis, Antofagasta, Chile F spikes of Neltuma laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose, south-central Mexico G indehiscent pods of Neltuma laevigata, south-central Mexico H unripe winged monospermous fruits of Xerocladia viridiramis in the Namib desert, Namibia I ripe fruits of Strombocarpa tamarugo, Atacama desert, northern Chile J spirally coiled indehiscent ' screw-bean' legumes of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray. Photo credits A, H H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / namibia) B, F, G CE Hughes C, I O Whaley D X Enboc- Encontro de Botanicos do Centro Oeste E P Hechenleitner J Dick Culbert." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure139" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="A8C24E77C121DD7D94700C013A479660" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
bright lemon yellow (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="4725E9A81D0491BD7A9899F3C52168FA" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2E351C75D2298395C5689C811F75637F" captionStart="Figure 139" captionStartId="F146" captionText="Figure 139. Inflorescences and fruits of the genera of the Neltuma clade A capitulum of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. B spike of Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis C spike of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis D erect spike of Neltuma rubriflora (Hassl.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis E pendulous spikes of Neltuma flexuosa (DC.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis, Antofagasta, Chile F spikes of Neltuma laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose, south-central Mexico G indehiscent pods of Neltuma laevigata, south-central Mexico H unripe winged monospermous fruits of Xerocladia viridiramis in the Namib desert, Namibia I ripe fruits of Strombocarpa tamarugo, Atacama desert, northern Chile J spirally coiled indehiscent ' screw-bean' legumes of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray. Photo credits A, H H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / namibia) B, F, G CE Hughes C, I O Whaley D X Enboc- Encontro de Botanicos do Centro Oeste E P Hechenleitner J Dick Culbert." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure139" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), young filaments sometimes reddish; sepals 5, valvate; petals 5, valvate, partially united; stamens 10, free, anthers with a minute, caducous, incurved claviform gland on the connective; pollen in tricolporate monads, pores with costae, exine smooth, perforated, columellae present; ovary sessile or shortly stipitate, stigma porate.
|
||
<emphasis id="CBE6924126B5F93EB2A7A020C878F1D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
indehiscent, lemon-yellow, straw-yellow or reddish-brown when ripe, slender, elongate, sometimes almost straight or falcate, but usually more or less tightly spirally coiled (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="75C409B5D853963F36FEDD605D165896" captionStart="Figure 139" captionStartId="F146" captionText="Figure 139. Inflorescences and fruits of the genera of the Neltuma clade A capitulum of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. B spike of Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis C spike of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis D erect spike of Neltuma rubriflora (Hassl.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis E pendulous spikes of Neltuma flexuosa (DC.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis, Antofagasta, Chile F spikes of Neltuma laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose, south-central Mexico G indehiscent pods of Neltuma laevigata, south-central Mexico H unripe winged monospermous fruits of Xerocladia viridiramis in the Namib desert, Namibia I ripe fruits of Strombocarpa tamarugo, Atacama desert, northern Chile J spirally coiled indehiscent ' screw-bean' legumes of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray. Photo credits A, H H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / namibia) B, F, G CE Hughes C, I O Whaley D X Enboc- Encontro de Botanicos do Centro Oeste E P Hechenleitner J Dick Culbert." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure139" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
) with (1) 8-19 (24) regular coils; exocarp crustaceous, mesocarp thin or more usually thick and pulpy, tannic, reddish, endocarp delicately segmented in longitudinal or transverse seed chambers which are easy to open or hard and closed.
|
||
<emphasis id="DD6F2907B6DD5F519812631EDDAD1F9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
ovate or reniform ovoid, testa hard, pleurogram present, not closed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="49ABC53090FA7C9EF085C37794478E09" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
|
||
<paragraph id="C6694F45442087444CD4C6B2CA72A25F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A1799D46B6B61B5327750DB9871060BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="D4CACE01E05A9BC6C9A57BCF7DB989BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 28 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="726399FCC97792077DC6B58B3289CD23" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" author="Bukhari, YM" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="879 - 891" refId="B133" refString="Bukhari, YM, 1997. Cytoevolution of taxa in Acacia and Prosopis (Mimosaceae). Australian Journal of Botany 45: 879 - 891, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" title="Cytoevolution of taxa in Acacia and Prosopis (Mimosaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" volume="45" year="1997">Bukhari 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C183FD7C98AAD71B8F4C0160166E52DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F8CCA0B59B9C083CB805C32095D063A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A2A758232708DF5695ADA2AF40FB6686" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Ten species. Restricted to the New World and there occupying a markedly bicentric amphitropical distribution in arid and semi-arid regions of North America [southern USA, especially in the Sonoran Desert, Baja California, and northern Mexico (Coahuila)] and South America (south-central Peru to Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0F4843E0C3CB7C4AA879467C0B9AC10C" captionStart="Figure 141" captionStartId="F148" captionText="Figure 141. Distribution of Strombocarpa based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure141" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">141</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="AA479B7888259FB72B52B775B8DAEE2B" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure141" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 141" startId="F148">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED00D9D78279DF8E4D7D247448A7A082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A1C0C9E1AD1A726C9BA118779C9B94E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 141.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47CAE3BBCD0E580865CBD837B1C9AAFE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49BECE25ADDA5B9F9299BB5219BBD9D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="260FC624DD3F6CF57D5A294239F96A74" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="330BD07917BB53EE16D634A0CA28805D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="488B6962830720C80AE049764A478DCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Often abundant in cactus-rich, semi-desert Monte vegetation, deserts and arid mesetas, dry river-beds and washes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F68639BD51FD18411DFA0838F7F7924F" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and in the hyper-arid Pampa del Tamarugal in northern Chile [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6BC5211352F09C167A861C59C30308F" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. tamarugo" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tamarugo">
|
||
<emphasis id="105A5DCFD5AF7FCE41E346F1D0B5B928" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. tamarugo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Phil.) C.E. Hughes & G.P. Lewis] (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="65FE2D010A8D1DBDFF3B41CB3D59FE44" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138B</figureCitation>
|
||
), where it is the only tree present and dependent on moisture absorbed from fog. The indehiscent fruits are consumed by herbivores facilitating endozoochorous seed dispersal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2A16E5C9641D8032FB4DFD2F55540448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C6C6459C464E8669E04304159340447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B8ED1E1E7DBA1B0C4F3287C393382549" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="087C7F49780ED7E444DC919E4A5B2F7E" genus="Strombo" lsidName="Strombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="684428469F8F4E7DFDA4122D174A4019" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- (Italian = conch) and -
|
||
<emphasis id="B16FD6CF64BEF149ED4EC99CBB4CC2FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">carpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Greek = fruit), in reference to the resemblance of the fruits to the spiral shells of some tropical marine molluscs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AEE1336F8EFFF2B9C8521A16AD41744" captionStart="Figure 139" captionStartId="F146" captionText="Figure 139. Inflorescences and fruits of the genera of the Neltuma clade A capitulum of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. B spike of Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis C spike of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis D erect spike of Neltuma rubriflora (Hassl.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis E pendulous spikes of Neltuma flexuosa (DC.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis, Antofagasta, Chile F spikes of Neltuma laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose, south-central Mexico G indehiscent pods of Neltuma laevigata, south-central Mexico H unripe winged monospermous fruits of Xerocladia viridiramis in the Namib desert, Namibia I ripe fruits of Strombocarpa tamarugo, Atacama desert, northern Chile J spirally coiled indehiscent ' screw-bean' legumes of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray. Photo credits A, H H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / namibia) B, F, G CE Hughes C, I O Whaley D X Enboc- Encontro de Botanicos do Centro Oeste E P Hechenleitner J Dick Culbert." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure139" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ECD881264AA16EEFBA4D08643D73ED50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
|
||
<paragraph id="D57922C405EC9F59655A23CF7F2E3CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10CF28419104E4FA61CBCED783316607" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Fruits browsed by cattle and sheep and much valued in arid deserts for that purpose (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BF5E4D5703A3DEFC3637C3DE0AFE647F" author="Bell, WH" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society Open Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B58" refString="Bell, WH, Castetter, EF, 1937. The utilization of mesquite and screwbean by the aborigines in the American Southwest. In: Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest 55: 2, University of New Mexico Biological Series, v.5, no. 2, University of New Mexico Bulletin, 1-342." title="The utilization of mesquite and screwbean by the aborigines in the American Southwest. In: Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest 55: 2, University of New Mexico Biological Series, v. 5, no. 2, University of New Mexico Bulletin, 1 - 342." year="1937">Bell and Castetter 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Wood valued for fuel, and occasionally cultivated (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC42A097231DADCBF77BF80F2474ED08" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. tamarugo" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tamarugo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8088403110CE1D4A77F80A751435E16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. tamarugo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="544756B3F6936D724E48EFA6910CD673" author="Pasiecznik, NM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B644" refString="Pasiecznik, NM, Felker, P, Harris, PJ, Harsh, L, Cruz, G, Tewari, JC, Cadoret, K, Maldonado, LJ, 2001. The Prosopis juliflora-Prosopis pallida complex: a monograph. Vol. 172. Henry Doubleday Research Association, Coventry, United Kingdom, 1-162." title="The Prosopis juliflora-Prosopis pallida complex: a monograph. Vol. 172. Henry Doubleday Research Association, Coventry, United Kingdom, 1 - 162." year="2001">Pasiecznik et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F396A78AF03F04EDDF8BFD5E10AAA0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="375835A23CF257F00CE84F722D769C7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452F353940F126603BCE976F7D304688" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1F7852C823E1E63616109BE45BE4B0B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4597B75E7BFF31F2D37809F88DBE1F67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of three genera segregated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B72A459D1C1DD6BF78EBF5CE90162764" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07EF3F9E89350705BB2A821E1DACD7BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ECD225DDAD4639181D395D1167DD7BE6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.89634" author="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 470" refId="B388" refString="Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP [Eds], 2022a. Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 1 - 470, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.89634" title="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.89634" volume="205" year="2022 a">Hughes et al. 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and corresponds to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4944744104FC3CF3465E0ABCB114029A" originalValue="Burkart’s">Burkart's</normalizedToken>
|
||
section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0831B434194094E5ED483507E68FA72" authority="Strombocarpa" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Strombocarpa">Strombocarpa Strombocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12E31F934D1FF845E7A733B61EEB3241" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5C44D79A9004482D9313C79A79F586D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l., characterised by armature in the form of spinescent stipules (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6BF67BB84905D91F4826B521D6C46678" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F145" captionText="Figure 138. Habit and armature of the genera of the Neltuma clade A shrub of Xerocladia viridiramis Taub. in the Namib desert, Namibia B small tree of Strombocarpa tamarugo (Phil.) C. E Hughes & G. P. Lewis, on the Pampa del Tamarugal in the Atacama desert, northern Chile C shrubby treelet of Strombocarpa ferox (Griseb.) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical scrubland in southern Bolivia D small tree of Neltuma kuntzei (Harms ex C. E. O. Kuntze) C. E. Hughes & G. P. Lewis in seasonally dry tropical forest in southern Bolivia E small tree of Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. in seasonally dry tropical scrubland on deep black vertisol soil in central Nicaragua F straight cylindrical spinescent shoots of the sub-aphyllous Neltuma kuntzei G short recurved stipular spines and unijugate leaves of Xerocladia viridiramis H slender pale whitish stipular spines, unijugate leaves, and globose to ovoid-elliptic capitula of Strombocarpa strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray I axillary nodal spine of Neltuma juliflora, central Nicaragua. Photo credits A H Kolberg, Plants of Namibia https: // herbaria. plants. ox. ac. uk / bol / Namibia B O Whaley C-F, I CE Hughes G GN Dreber https: // www. southernafricanplants. net / plantdata _ sub. php? Mspec _ ID = 6570 H Guillermo Debandi, iNaturalist (https: // guatemala. inaturalist. org / photos / 1502506)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014810" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138H</figureCitation>
|
||
) which it shares with its sister genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4A59A31D1FE62321928493AC998B2CB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Xerocladia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xerocladia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="25E11EE217B2AF1FB63F74EEBBBE4509" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xerocladia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2467E1F2CC32844DCB641DE3B5045AA" captionStart="Figure 132" captionStartId="F139" captionText="Figure 132. Phylogeny showing the relationships among Cylicodiscus and the genera of the Prosopis clade and the Neltuma clade, the first-branching lineages of the core mimosoid clade of tribe Mimoseae. Substantial gene tree conflict is associated with the relationships of Cylicodiscus which is separated from the Prosopis clade by a very short branch (see inset for exact branch lengths printed above branches). For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure132" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014804" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">132</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4ED6A385219F1038039986F830F9D80F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and which are not found in either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AECC3CE80C746FC164A64AD07B114C9F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4323CAE184ACBC53D8532EFF1886CC8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.s. nor the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66A97860183347897762C6686F5B2AB3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Neltuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neltuma" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8C211408B130076D388C642E9302873" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neltuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A subset of species, the so-called
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2BCC30E459DB4FCAF93193407E8B64DF" originalValue="‘Screw-Beans’">'Screw-Beans'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(in the USA), like the ecologically important velvet mesquite,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F1965FE845843550CF6CD5EB0FDDC5D" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pubescens" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pubescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C75E32AE7DDC9E2458FC70BE9AE3FE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pubescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Benth.) A. Gray in North America, have highly distinctive spirally coiled fruits. Across the genus as a whole fruits range from weakly falcate, to strongly curved, annular and tightly coiled (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC698CC60168687729D1057A4A94EA29" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" author="Hughes, CE" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 189" refId="B389" refString="Hughes, CE, Ringelberg, JJ, Lewis, GP, Catalano, SA, 2022b. Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 147 - 189, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" title="Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations." year="2022 b">Hughes et al. 2022b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA917C5DFEB5919409F4FA85AA4DE8B9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Phylogeny of tribe Mimoseae showing the clade-based classification of the tribe with two named higher-level and 17 named lower-level clades. The names and phylogenetic placements of all 100 Mimoseae genera are shown, and known generic non-monophyly is indicated with terminal names of non-monophyletic genera in bold. The most likely placement of the unsampled genus Microlobius is indicated with a dashed line; see Stryphnodendron clade treatment (page 319) for details. Branch lengths are expressed in coalescent units, and terminal branch lengths have been assigned an arbitrary uniform length for visual clarity. Monophyletic genera are represented by single branches; see Suppl. material 2 for a phylogeny with all accessions. See Suppl. material 3 for gene tree support across the phylogeny. The phylogeny is a pruned version of the backbone phylogeny of Ringelberg et al. (2023) where full details of the data and phylogenomic analysis methods are presented." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014671" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="12A1B40F4B109219C21283DFC1365019" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D162B83A930BBF89C8E3B9A17CFA107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B16CF3C812E7571BA26CAC58FB33868A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="180D1950066484AA4347755A0BFD81C9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1941.tb11004.x" author="Benson, L" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="748 - 754" refId="B60" refString="Benson, L, 1941. The mesquites and screw-beans of the United States. American Journal of Botany 28 (9): 748 - 754, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1941.tb11004.x" title="The mesquites and screw-beans of the United States." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1941.tb11004.x" volume="28" year="1941">Benson (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="94D50CA5414565AF547FC2EEA1FACD70" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" author="Burkart, A" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B143" refString="Burkart, A, 1976. A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219-249, 450-525. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" title="A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219 - 249, 450 - 525." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" year="1976">Burkart (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753DBEB511C1C19F2B68F43E367A8E8C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" author="Hughes, CE" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 189" refId="B389" refString="Hughes, CE, Ringelberg, JJ, Lewis, GP, Catalano, SA, 2022b. Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 147 - 189, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" title="Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations." year="2022 b">Hughes et al. (2022b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8AC97CE734D8DD7857FA5BBA86990D1" author="Palacios, RA" journalOrPublisher="Boletin Sociedad Argentina de Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="99 - 121" refId="B635" refString="Palacios, RA, 2006. Los Mezquites Mexicanos: biodiversidad y distribucion geografica. Boletin Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 41 (1-2): 99 - 121" title="Los Mezquites Mexicanos: biodiversidad y distribucion geografica." volume="41" year="2006">Palacios (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |