327 lines
45 KiB
XML
327 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="399E69AD4F2A66924772EE3A0C865960" ID-CLB-Dataset="35024" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f37895dc-7316-48e6-ac3e-901aa5f79eeb" ID-PMC="PMC4982377" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-608-1" ID-PubMed="27559303" ID-ZooBank="F865473C03374FD2915A0E3DD2299E66" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-608-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 608" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1470408253360" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Borowiec, Marek L." docDate="2016" docId="4C18DFED707CDF415F6D750256BBE62D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 608: 1-280" docOrigin="ZooKeys 608" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427" docTitle="Zasphinctus Wheeler, W. M. 1918, gen. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="189" masterDocId="D563FF93FFEAD163FF9A3E6FFFDDF937" masterDocTitle="Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1732481141242" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="25839363505052E594D3686F5687A898">
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<mods:title id="25C739BE880462DDCDF9E7C639CF1CBA">Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2E1065D88A9CB4726FE09EA317F41300" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8C7EF86180B79FF1FA74292A4CBF702F">Borowiec, Marek L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A899CB464BA8201888A27F459278D425">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9C6048230FE335189AEB2C91BE26F343">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1577ACDA16522CB11B93F3B3EBF5D725">
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<mods:date id="05364FF6760127E111F10E1877B3C35C">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0DB9FA1E834066910513FDAF410EBAEA">608</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="C3922A368C09DAC21E6D1CCE9DD64793">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="4D163398029DBF6527D9D4E3C17866E4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="288D8A756314A98F409BF42811D95DC0" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.608.9427</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3BB8244BDA60B08C57DEB937A4641C92" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-608-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C18DFED707CDF415F6D750256BBE62D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127875745" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C18DFED707CDF415F6D750256BBE62D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C18DFED707CDF415F6D750256BBE62D" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Aenictogitoninae">
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<subSubSection id="C4E6811E098BF69FAF393F4FA98D51D3" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="A4A34B2EBE11556B3DBF6505A4B6ABF6" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DB0E7E048385F4F8BC59518878D54693" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="674EBC982A675B1CD4F73915C38C752E" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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<taxonomicName id="33FA78C3B6642C7CD80B4412C75B4982" ID-CoL="CLVBL" authority="Wheeler, W. M., 1918" authorityName="Wheeler, W. M." authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus Wheeler, W. M., 1918</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="53C0D73ABCC891FA2D8205B69ADCFDB4" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">gen. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E6B0457371EAEDA85515EB11C23E5ED0" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0DCCA17EA7788961935AAD02C308EE4C" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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<taxonomicName id="BAA5038FCB431B6E95DE03339E5B4C79" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aethiopopone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aethiopopone" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">= Aethiopopone</taxonomicName>
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Santschi, 1930, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6EB71C4A061438A072C06F915868EF4C" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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<taxonomicName id="680B00E64CB4EFFB1DABB5DF313D5129" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nothosphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nothosphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">= Nothosphinctus</taxonomicName>
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Wheeler, W. M. 1918, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6A0BF6403F132872805579AFA17976CD" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="type-species">
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<paragraph id="4CF3B18068626C4765680EBEE9EBCD34" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Type-species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4DDC248BB8C1DF08F8811C260B6D24D5" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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<taxonomicName id="FBF3CB462A66519DB3A8B9BDE8245A7B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex turneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turneri">Sphinctomyrmex turneri</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D36F5006818EBA9D7320245E8B0F331A" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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<taxonomicName id="A311E2D0565EE0DCF0C1900C018C2776" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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is a moderately speciose lineage of specialized ant predators, most prominent in Australia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D663F4CC6A3C8AD51B561194AAF3C855" lastPageId="185" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="43EE1A15C166DFFBA0CE8E79C37FA3B7" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60963040A6B3637D47E389179F26C2B0" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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Worker. The workers of
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<taxonomicName id="10E92F4D5C77CED8963DB9519FF6AE37" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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are ants of variable size, color, and sculpturation, but always possessing conspicuous girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI. The eyes absent in most species.
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<taxonomicName id="45C0CADB3F34A7C9C5147C1892410699" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other lineages with pronounced abdominal constrictions by highly-positioned propodeal spiracles, propodeal lobes present, pygidium large and armed with modified setae, and pronotomesopleural Pronotomesopleural suture fused. See also diagnoses of
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<taxonomicName id="71F4AD70868CC20B1591C689CF8FD951" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="3EC1FA1ED6C1A858FFFD96C5CF3D9E1D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C9C1B6C67E2AEE7AD991560243D14DDA" lastPageId="185" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
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Male. The males of
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<taxonomicName id="ECCF45305EF523B2CE953052BB424A1A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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also possess the characteristic abdominal constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, and VI and can be recognized by a combi
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<pageBreakToken id="B0209B497D6054A0F5B88B829E883DE2" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" start="start">nation</pageBreakToken>
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of costal vein (C) absent from the fore wing, submarginal cell (SMC) closed by Rs·f2-f3, vein 2rs-m absent, pronotum not marginate anterodorsally, and antennae 13-segmented. This venation is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="455F6F436DE3EF2AFC05D0E372B8D111" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lividopone" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lividopone" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lividopone</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="84B636EE5C132EC151EE469BB9086E36" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Parasyscia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasyscia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parasyscia</taxonomicName>
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but
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<taxonomicName id="23F66E2171C05A6679D51FDE9D43AC44" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by the presence of abdominal constrictions and different appearance of abdominal sternite IX (subgenital plate). In
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<taxonomicName id="610B127D9401E9C485D7AEB72BE9C3F6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
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, the sternite is abruptly constricted proximal to where spines arise and is much wider at midlength. In
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<taxonomicName id="FB0A3C1EDF8EE404BF4CB171DFB9D711" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lividopone" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lividopone" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lividopone</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="DBD4050F0A818C5B22A5F64BB9A8DD32" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Parasyscia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasyscia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parasyscia</taxonomicName>
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in contrast, the sternite IX is usually gradually narrowing to the point of bifurcation. The males of
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<taxonomicName id="3AB711BBCF16BFA17456C02881E961A7" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="B8123A5FDF7182DF6EAE6C42B1ED9239" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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have similar abdominal constrictions but the former has 12-segmented antennae and the latter has different wing venation with costal vein present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1F5D57EE25E42E388C3D8DA87661F05" lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3A8CBD3EC09CC072A3CC3F33489C4175" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="11C3234FF91144D1D64B0CEFC0476B49" lastPageId="186" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
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Worker.Head: Antennae with 11 or 12 segments. Apical antennal segment conspicuously enlarged, much broader than and longer than two preceding segments combined. Clypeus with cuticular apron. Lateroclypeal teeth absent or present.
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<taxonomicName id="9341B8E648123A9524A57D19056133D1" class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
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absent or reduced. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Antennal scrobes absent. Labrum with median notch or concavity. Proximal face of stipes not projecting beyond inner margin of sclerite, prementum exposed when mouthparts fully closed. Maxillary palps 3-segmented. Labial palps 3-segmented. Mandibles triangular, with teeth or edentate. Eyes absent or present, composed of more than 20 ommatidia. Ocelli absent. Head capsule with differentiated vertical posterior surface above occipital foramen. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Posterior head corners dorsolaterally immarginate. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally present. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange separated from collar by distinct ridge or not. Promesonotal connection with Pronotomesopleural suture completely fused.
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<taxonomicName id="821ED4222C3E571C58166855DC6AAAD2" class="Insecta" genus="Pronotomesopleural" lsidName="Pronotomesopleural suture" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suture">Pronotomesopleural suture</taxonomicName>
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completely fused.
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<taxonomicName id="68F289F1D601F0F716C3F44C609420D7" class="Insecta" genus="Mesometapleural" lsidName="Mesometapleural groove" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">Mesometapleural groove</taxonomicName>
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not impressed or weakly impressed. Transverse
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<taxonomicName id="E2CAC46CCDE960B797F7B4F0E5482739" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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dividing mesopleuron absent or present. Pleural endophragmal pit concavity present. Mesosoma dorsolaterally immarginate. Metanotal depression or
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<taxonomicName id="174E04FB8D4690EBC96C972DFB20077F" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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on mesosoma absent. Propodeal spiracle situated low on sclerite. Propodeal declivity with distinct dorsal edge or margin and rectangular in posterior view. Metapleural gland without bulla visible through cuticle. Propodeal lobes present, well developed. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally marginate or immarginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle marginate or rarely immarginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at posttergite and helcium axial, occasionally slightly supraaxial. Prora simple, not delimited by carina. Prora forming a U-shaped margin with median ridge. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="DFA2F406F97A2096C5F270E14B74E969" originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
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circular. Abdominal segment III anterodorsally immarginate and dorsolaterally immarginate. Abdominal segment III more than half size of succeeding segment IV, which is weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV present, i.e. pre- and postsclerites distinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV not impressed. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal tergite IV not folding over sternite, and anterior portions of sternite and tergite equally well visible in lateral view. Girdling constriction between pre- and posttergites of abdominal segments V and VI present. Girdling constriction between pre- and
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<pageBreakToken id="4BC49D1CF21AB267D2763EA9FFF86CB3" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" start="start">poststernites</pageBreakToken>
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of abdominal segments V and VI present. Pygidium large, with impressed medial field, and armed with modified setae, sometimes notched. Hypopygium armed with modified setae. Legs: Mid tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind basitarsus not widening distally, circular in cross-section. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland absent or an oval patch of whitish cuticle. Metabasitarsal gland absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Polymorphism: Monomorphic.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE3AF59CA5449358081FDD19B14D774B" lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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Male.Head: Antennae with 12 or 13 segments. Clypeus with cuticular apron.
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<taxonomicName id="A6F5AEBFF831998CDFB8053F5C1D28B3" class="Insecta" genus="Parafrontal" lsidName="Parafrontal ridges" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ridges">Parafrontal ridges</taxonomicName>
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absent. Torulo-posttorular complex vertical. Maxillary palps 3-segmented. Labial palps 3-segmented. Mandibles triangular, edentate to falcate. Ventrolateral margins of head without lamella or ridge extending towards mandibles and beyond carina surrounding occipital foramen. Carina surrounding occipital foramen ventrally present. Mesosoma: Pronotal flange separated from collar by distinct ridge.
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<taxonomicName id="AA090AD9C129F3B137DDEF0203FDD22C" class="Insecta" genus="Notauli" lsidName="Notauli" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Notauli</taxonomicName>
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present or, more rarely, absent. Transverse
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<taxonomicName id="2C7FD456798076AC4AF9FCC04198BE04" class="Insecta" lsidName="groove" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groove">groove</taxonomicName>
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dividing mesopleuron present. Propodeal declivity with distinct dorsal edge or margin. Metapleural gland opening absent. Propodeal lobes present. Metasoma: Petiole anterodorsally marginate, dorsolaterally immarginate, and laterally above spiracle marginate. Helcium in relation to tergosternal Pronotomesopleural suture placed at Pronotomesopleural suture and axial. Prora forming a V-shaped protrusion. Spiracle openings of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="A9BBE80DEAACABCA7C1CF2A2580E62C3" originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
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circular. Abdominal segment III more than half size of succeeding segment IV; latter weakly constricted at presegmental portion (uninodal waist). Girdling constriction of segment IV present, i.e. pre- and postsclerites distinct. Cinctus of abdominal segment IV gutter-like, not sculptured. Girdling constriction between pre- and postsclerites of abdominal segments V and VI present. Abdominal segment IV not conspicuously largest segment. Abdominal sternite VII simple. Abdominal sternite IX distally armed with two spines curved dorsally at apices, with lateral apodemes shorter than or about as long as medial apodeme, directed anteriorly (towards head); all apodemes long. Genitalia: Cupula long relative to rest of genital capsule and shorter ventrally than dorsally. Basimere broadly fused to telomere, with sulcus discernable at junction, and ventrally with left and right arms abutting. Telomere gradually tapering toward apex.
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<taxonomicName id="479708A235EBCA8B24FFF935DAE2B244" class="Insecta" family="Mytilidae" genus="Volsella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Volsella" order="Mytilida" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Volsella</taxonomicName>
|
||
laterally flattened, at apex with dorsal lobe and hooked ventrally. Penisvalva laterally compressed, rounded at apex. Legs: Mid tibia with single pectinate spur. Hind tibia with single pectinate spur. Posterior flange of hind coxa not produced as raised lamella. Metatibial gland present as oval patch of whitish cuticle. Metabasitarsal glands absent. Hind pretarsal claws simple. Wings: Tegula present, broad, demiovate in shape. Vein C in fore wing absent. Pterostigma broad. Abscissa R·f3 absent. Abscissae Rs·f2-3 present, connecting with Rs+M&M·f2 or disconnected from Rs+M. Cross-vein 2r-rs present, differentiated from Rs·f4 by presence of Rs·f2-3. Abscissae Rs·f4-5 present, fused in absence of 2rs-m. Abscissa M·f2 in fore wing present, separated from Rs+M by Rs·f2. Abscissa M·f4 in fore wing present, not reaching wing margin. Cross-vein 1m-cu in fore wing present. Cross-vein cu-a in fore wing present, arising from M+Cu and proximal to M·f1 or near M·f1. Vein Cu in fore wing present, with only Cu1 branch prominent. Vein A in fore wing with abscissae A·f1 and A·f2 present. Vein C in hind wing absent.
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="2CE0A7DFA8ED889BB0170498E3851C69" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" start="start">Vein</pageBreakToken>
|
||
R in hind wing absent. Vein Sc+R in hind wing absent. Abscissa Rs·f1 in hind wing not differentiated in absence of Sc+R. Abscissa Rs·f2 in hind wing present, not reaching wing margin. Cross-vein 1rs-m in hind wing fused with M·f1. Vein M+Cu in hind wing present. Abscissa M·f1 in hind wing present. Abscissa M·f2 in hind wing absent. Cross-vein cu-a in hind wing present. Vein Cu in hind wing present. Vein A in hind wing with abscissae A·f1 and A·f2 present; The latter a stub.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C437709475D044349B09DC812BA247C" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
Gyne. Alate, ergatoid, or subdichthadiigyne. Alate gynes are known in an undescribed species from Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C267C47E60DC6124857D19DEE688003" author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55D1801598F2BF93461033F450305317" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus occidentalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">Zasphinctus occidentalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28DE9CAA0C63DB0901A87DFF32D08D37" author="Clark, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Western Australia" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="72 - 89" title="Australian Formicidae." volume="9" year="1924">Clark 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7A6C4D0497844C91A2453F9375AEA475" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus asper" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">Zasphinctus asper</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF159883D44D370C73E90A3E38720F50" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus duchaussoyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duchaussoyi">Zasphinctus duchaussoyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4F4D5703F0302797BAD7F904EDBB84FA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus steinheili" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Zasphinctus steinheili</taxonomicName>
|
||
known gyne specimens are wingless ergatoids that possess eyes and ocelli. The gyne of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4886605F7059EF670B4D650FDACACFD3" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus imbecilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imbecilis">Zasphinctus imbecilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be considered a
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CEB985F720F55A49A674E17BC1B83E1E" originalValue="‘subdichthadiigyne’">'subdichthadiigyne'</normalizedToken>
|
||
; it possesses only vestigial eyes and one or no ocelli in addition to enlarged gaster. Descriptions and extensive discussions of gyne morphology in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED6CC2A30F39D4A6225D2BCF8EEFAF33" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4B059B8F2B51F6ED626C20D9C751F66" author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="93B474AC3CE5F15FFF1753E97EA546F7" author="Clark, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Western Australia" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="72 - 89" title="Australian Formicidae." volume="9" year="1924">Clark (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C881625F35A25BFD447B8345C5E4CD0" author="Wheeler, WM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="218" pageNumber="219" pagination="215 - 265" title="The Australian ants of the ponerine tribe Cerapachyini." url="10.2307/25129989" volume="53" year="1918">Wheeler (1918)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC79E26CB177C67EBA8039687505FC53" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Larva. Cocoons present.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D2EFFA9CAFF938ADB69217936A410B6" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D53DC0DCD8C9C14D0F609B698712B242" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3A0304C1A988AEB4ACD60DFE2B8FBD3" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
The twenty described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="671262863F1611432FC93CC70207219A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distributed throughout Australasia, including New Caledonia and New Guinea, and the Afrotropics. Most species are known from Australia, with only three taxa described from Africa. Recently a species has been described from Thailand (Jaitrong et al. 2016), and unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E238A47583CAFBE9419249AF07AAAC2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
males are also known from Myanmar (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="357CC545EA3332B8D760B8A753FB5A7E" originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
|
||
unpublished observations).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFD83344F5FA75135359B26556DD3B07" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="taxonomy and phylogeny">
|
||
<paragraph id="4FC5D1FF544C861E178FAEB07E402EF7" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Taxonomy and phylogeny.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19F839DD07351E9F54A5B348D8FC42E9" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
This name is here revived from synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="922D47DC9B1AFE35DE551437BB718643" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For a brief account of taxonomic history and justification see under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="243C1DF446E70EE122762D632FD6D91D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eusphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eusphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eusphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="17E9C66906469537AE4D57AAC5CF0046" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0BF2C530A656214FE5B5B123D1F94E36" author="Brown, WL" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture (Ithaca, New York)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 115" title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search." volume="5" year="1975">Brown (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave a preliminary key to Indomalayan and Australasian species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="756347C2F933AA740DFDA82EFD40D3B2" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
The position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F28CC7763F5B32A06FC02FD8352C3F0E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
within dorylines appears to be well established as the sister group to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBA346A0C784010706A0BB5D9461DD6B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Parasyscia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasyscia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parasyscia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and it is reasonably certain that this lineage was derived independently from the Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD017A3F84FDDF94F6D2A79FDB4399CF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sphinctomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphinctomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphinctomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figure 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BABAB5BA11E48CE1729366879763002B" author="Brady, SG" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="192" pageNumber="193" title="The rise of army ants and their relatives: diversification of specialized predatory doryline ants." url="10.1186/1471-2148-14-93" volume="14" year="2014">Brady et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Borowiec, in prep.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="819F1FF6F87932BBE96966E0252C9942" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE531942638EC1208B3DA52DE5C4363B" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3266EF3685D7D28E3C3B2EE5000872F9" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
Wilson provided notes on the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6E0A3C39AC42D2F83ABEA0649570AD1" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus caledonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">Zasphinctus caledonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from New Caledonia and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B170BE56A917B357EB2CF2BECDE40D99" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus steinheili" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Zasphinctus steinheili</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Australia. The former was observed raiding a nest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="874E442387018371ACC8F11F1E4E5A02" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stigmacros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stigmacros" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stigmacros</taxonomicName>
|
||
ants in the field, and the latter was feeding on ant brood of several species in the laboratory. Both were reported to have colonies containing multiple ergatoid gynes and synchronized brood.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A66A727472A6BC4B5A5E63BA3687C2F3" author="Buschinger, A" journalOrPublisher="Psyche (Cambridge)" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="287 - 300" title="Life-pattern studies of an Australian Sphinctomyrmex (Formicidae: Ponerinae; Cerapachyini): functional polygyny, brood periodicity and raiding behavior." url="10.1155/1989/13614" volume="96" year="1990">Buschinger et al. (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied a species related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A0C4B966E772D56CCBF7AAA18BC109A" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus steinheili" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Zasphinctus steinheili</taxonomicName>
|
||
in more detail under laboratory conditions. They largely confirmed
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DE0CE1E7FA53DCA2FBDC76BA8E90B5EC" originalValue="Wilson’s">Wilson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
preliminary observations and further demonstrated functional polygyny, since most dissected queens were fertilized with well-developed ovaries. The ants would indeed take brood of several ant species, including European forms, but the colonies ceased producing new eggs after two brood cycles were completed and thereafter slowly declined.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B51312B0A6D62566590F7A2D24541A5" author="Briese, DT" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="193" pageNumber="194" pagination="167 - 168" title="Interactions between a myrmecophagous ant and a prey species." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1984.tb01936.x" volume="23" year="1984">Briese (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a nest evacuation response in a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="447FB91238AC7E6EB4C3336367D6F564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Monomorium</taxonomicName>
|
||
species raided by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6A6FC68B6F05042408F69D1AD484047" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Australia.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF7A5842A242BA599EBB959D0664BAE9" author="Hoelldobler, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology (Berlin)" pageId="202" pageNumber="203" pagination="157 - 167" title="Comparative study of the metatibial gland in ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." url="10.1007/BF02527156" volume="116" year="1996">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A9D4E61FDF28BB24B6925E0B462AE497" originalValue="Hölldobler">Hoelldobler</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (1996)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the metatibial gland of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB7DE8C161C8FA9713526FAD1CBF1452" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus steinheili" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Zasphinctus steinheili</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="428515564696C4CB4CCFE6E1AF979DBF" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="species of zasphinctus">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE1022F53CF7046C9074A514B449C7AB" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37E4EAC5687E07AC97A96DD64DCB92C4" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zasphinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="82821D0361C1DE00C789218540E5A7CC" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="403BE0E8EA728A24B02663847E670355" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus asper" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">Zasphinctus asper</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brown, 1975): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C5EC9AC258DC04FC2A163AEB0A491A85" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D0A02FC3259894F6DA5419B4FBE26C2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus caledonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caledonicus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="B786A34BF04A879916A4F6F0599D452D" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" start="start">Zasphinctus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
caledonicus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Wilson, 1957): New Caledonia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E075B02B9A1DB317602342D53DCE87C7" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15AE3C8458F0A64F03F70C2128C7A21B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus cedaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedaris">Zasphinctus cedaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1915): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6B9EA441FCBB5E7B9704ADCAFF2C6CD8" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83A980FD65617AC0C504461D78C71D06" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus chariensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chariensis">Zasphinctus chariensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Santschi, 1915): Chad, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C90FBE1E6300BA95B61B226D8BC0474A" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD406235DB03F7EDB617566FBECFDEC6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus clarus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarus">Zasphinctus clarus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1893b): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40FECDF71BC740D551F2F04EFD0D2D91" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0BD4C6FA17E4B3699CD5586434E99B0" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus cribratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribratus">Zasphinctus cribratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Emery, 1897): Papua New Guinea, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AD8CA396143767478C01ACD9AE6A9584" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D64B9136EDAF526E0C9D141B29BF80E" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus duchaussoyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duchaussoyi">Zasphinctus duchaussoyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5CF06BA94A2A9A9E7B68D9073ADB232B" originalValue="André">Andre</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1905): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0F035C97700992CAEEF509969D444E96" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47B68CEEEFBBCBAE15EBB3280D34A655" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus emeryi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">Zasphinctus emeryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1893b): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6017F2AD61C2495A8AECEA6C095EBC1D" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DA9B6712FA33C688A9A66B2D7FB9D6D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus froggatti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="froggatti">Zasphinctus froggatti</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1900a): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA2709DE42F5A44951B6BBD955124F90" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AF30BF04135CED642FB3F808C7AACEF" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus imbecilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imbecilis">Zasphinctus imbecilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1907c): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="597DFEC3EC840281B318093C259242C5" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D4169E5266EE6A4223A1FA149204563" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus mjobergi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mjobergi">Zasphinctus mjobergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1915): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D18B34CB4EDFFAC67905530EC3219232" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D87A112EF8EEC5E456C15DCFC1848280" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Zasphinctus myops</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1895b): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4130A4794A458DF1E3E52524B95F372C" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B01454B522FCF51067EEBB26EA17570" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus nigricans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">Zasphinctus nigricans</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Clark, 1926): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B6F2A9A4C701993706D16CF1B77CA22D" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91F12AA4F3CC088F3B21BC1BFF1BAF0C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus occidentalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentalis">Zasphinctus occidentalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Clark, 1924a): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="754511B60DB0886363D70FC3B0837509" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CD63E4C1AFBDDC690E5D694A07790A1C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Zasphinctus rufiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Santschi, 1915): Benin, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="86C469EF5F794818C832C1043B937D39" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44A6F493909A1D1316271B2BF26AB59B" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus septentrionalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">Zasphinctus septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Crawley, 1925): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92768DA4CE5578146895187B3421EE15" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA85D6AB41D6466910F4AD9631057EF1" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus siamensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamensis">Zasphinctus siamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Jaitrong, 2016): Thailand, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F00B747B5549DD6A3D61E88B9A3ADB13" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6187E180B805002FD200168EAB035C39" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus steinheili" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">Zasphinctus steinheili</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1900a): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC2040B130A814C69EEBD473B2BFF20D" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="202A63AE1919E0536D840C846F08367C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus trux" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trux">Zasphinctus trux</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brown, 1975): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC788D56765584AE21BB268E67A8757A" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55290234E4A16D29A4FFEC94A2DAF3F6" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zasphinctus turneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turneri">Zasphinctus turneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Forel, 1900a): Australia, comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |