317 lines
54 KiB
XML
317 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="13773574CDBD896162E9F5CDEF3E2963" ID-CLB-Dataset="305709" ID-DOI="10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a27" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9cb4e1a-3bd4-4fc7-853d-0f772a684e4d" ID-ISSN="1777-571X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14247743" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:63F467A3-6B15-4477-94CA-ED1CE216D8B2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1732634760763" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Carvalho, Carlos Neto De & Bayet-Goll, Aram" docDate="2023" docId="406D87F5FF96FB61FC21FD5DFDDCF848" docLanguage="en" docName="CRPalevol.22.27.569-583.pdf" docOrigin="Comptes Rendus Palevol 22 (27)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a27" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD.1:CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD" docStyleName="CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow 1995" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="579" masterDocId="BC54FF8DFF9DFB6DFFACFF88FFE5FFA4" masterDocTitle="Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow, 1995 from the Middle-Upper Ordovician shallow marine siliciclastics of Iran (Lashkerak Formation)" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="569" pageNumber="578" updateTime="1732924400439" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
|
<mods:mods id="63D591476297B59B5DEE577F1F0E601E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="69D8F36D1BB9BEE6D40714CD54A2B492">
|
|
<mods:title id="790F48246CF6CFD003F46F033DB34F13">Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow, 1995 from the Middle-Upper Ordovician shallow marine siliciclastics of Iran (Lashkerak Formation)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="3D940CFBF8C09A09586065734AE22BA0" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="DCD9B33BB41082BEB01E92E17F3AB19A">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="25B7231552752BC0E3C99C908B8FE5BF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="C46DD3C464CA1F87B30D7BC7E6F8F7A4">Carvalho, Carlos Neto De</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="A0CF4240C2D85A5D1A814171686BF81E">Geology Office of Idanha-a-Nova, Geopark Naturtejo Meseta Meridional, UNESCO Global Geopark, Avenida Joaquim Morão, 6060 - 101 Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal) & Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749 - 016 Lisbon (Portugal)</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C307E24C996A34E863685BEAAA90248" type="email">carlos.praedichnia@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="CBD8FAEDD0C8A7A7F06F4FDEB103E51C" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="1C03D1B1FC2C9413BF27E444D8A067D6">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="7EC525EE358176B91E4892061F4E9781">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="094A6E1DAE0C0DD3A7CC4A462E0D2879">Bayet-Goll, Aram</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="E949F717BF6EC6A8662386C562D8DABA">Department of Earth Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), P. O. Box 45195 - 1159 Zanjan (Iran)</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8BAE178664E498ECA097C6FC4A59FC4B" type="email">bayetgoll@iasbs.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="24C92EF6CF531AE26C86B55D978C9916">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="1988BA24C7B7A2C7B1ADD8AFAC90A3FD" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="70877CBEACC58A602AE68F863507690C">
|
|
<mods:title id="C106FEA3D9EBB1C2EFFDF66027E6E4FC">Comptes Rendus Palevol</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="0D02614E2EF92E91409842E7C3853282">
|
|
<mods:date id="9308E0184119AD649B491151BC4C1A15">2023</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="EB86245976E76B0BA73B1AF6E361F518" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="B4A6F4A7F2C2D3D01A2ECF79001981AA">2023-08-30</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="A6F5ACBBB7C1C7078F945437742AF879" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="2C7259BCE6CA357D39167FCE87C9B25F">22</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="7ABD4CEA4AC051976BD681E2E848EFAC" type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number id="C07274F9ABCFD03351210986F8CEDF52">27</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="2D0BD4908B3EC9A36C71E6EB123DD86D" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="79BFFABAFA53A24A3C02572DB475D4D0">569</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="212C7844382F02B3F4406371F86D9F8A">583</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="A2E8EB48A3B54F3339D4FEA347E2D69A">
|
|
<mods:url id="0722606E57DF3F6DC936D78B7C8AD341">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a27</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="560177A57A072E3C2DDA27020E1BC8A1">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="DD6DF049DB187AE606821C83E386ECA2" type="CLB-Dataset">305709</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="EF65FF0A0DAFDC9ED73CED64B12F4B4B" type="DOI">10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a27</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="3A0F160A7C88D9AC151CF56A8B20F8FB" type="GBIF-Dataset">d9cb4e1a-3bd4-4fc7-853d-0f772a684e4d</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="FA3195F95DDFABCEEAB3C98D7764B441" type="ISSN">1777-571X</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="0FB8352F9987BB9E2FD198175A08AC3D" type="Zenodo-Dep">14247743</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="6B70C802D8E785143229B37C89870CB9" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:63F467A3-6B15-4477-94CA-ED1CE216D8B2</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="406D87F5FF96FB61FC21FD5DFDDCF848" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14248887" ID-GBIF-Taxon="248070767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14248887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:406D87F5FF96FB61FC21FD5DFDDCF848" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/406D87F5FF96FB61FC21FD5DFDDCF848" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FC21FD5DFAABFD55" box="[909,1358,725,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC21FD5DFAABFD55" blockId="11.[909,1358,725,753]" box="[909,1358,725,753]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<heading id="9333818FFF96FB66FC21FD5DFAABFD55" box="[909,1358,725,753]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" reason="2">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF96FB66FC21FD5DFAABFD55" authority="Myrow, 1995" authorityName="Myrow" authorityYear="1995" box="[909,1358,725,753]" genus="Thalassinoides" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC21FD5DFBCFFD54" bold="true" box="[909,1066,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FB9EFD5DFB56FD54" bold="true" box="[1074,1203,725,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB15FD5EFAABFD55" author="MYROW P. M." box="[1209,1358,726,753]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FBEBFD7EFB70FCB4" box="[1095,1173,758,784]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FBEBFD7EFB70FCB4" blockId="11.[1095,1173,758,784]" box="[1095,1173,758,784]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF96FB66FBFCFD7EFB6EFCB4" box="[1104,1163,758,784]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FC81FCA7FC76FBDE" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FCA7FA83FC41" blockId="11.[811,1456,815,998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E8D411CDFF96FB66FC81FCA7FA83FC41" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FC81FCA7FB0FFCE3" author="MYROW P. M." box="[813,1258,815,839]" page="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="1995">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF96FB66FC81FCA7FB0FFCE3" authority="Myrow, 1995: 62-63" authorityName="Myrow" authorityPageNumber="62 - 63" authorityYear="1995" box="[813,1258,815,839]" genus="Thalassinoides" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC81FCA7FC4AFCE3" box="[813,943,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC1FFCA7FBFAFCE3" box="[947,1055,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB8DFCA7FB0FFCE3" author="MYROW P. M." box="[1057,1258,815,839]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" page="62 - 63" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow, 1995: 62-63</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, figs 6, 7a, b. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FA2EFCA7FBC5FCC5" author="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K." page="360" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2004">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FA2EFCA7FBC5FCC5" author="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K." firstAuthor="Blissett" journalOrPublisher="Scripta Geologica" page="360" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="341 - 378" part="127" refId="ref8104" refString="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K. 2004. - Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies. Scripta Geologica 127: 341 - 378." title="Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies" type="journal article" year="2004">Blissett & Pickerill 2004: 360</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, pl. 10, fig. A. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FB13FCC1FB8AFCD8" author="TIWARI R. & MAJKONWAR L. C. & MALSAWMA P. L. J. & MALTE V. Z. & PATEL S. J." page="1139" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2011">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB13FCC1FB8AFCD8" author="TIWARI R. & MAJKONWAR L. C. & MALSAWMA P. L. J. & MALTE V. Z. & PATEL S. J." firstAuthor="Tiwari" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Earth System Sciences" page="1139" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="1127 - 1143" part="120" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-011-0131-0" refId="ref10383" refString="TIWARI R., MAJKONWAR L. C., MALSAWMA P. L. J., MALTE V. Z. & PATEL S. J. 2011. - Trace fossils from Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) of Mizoran India and their palaeoenvironmental significance. Journal of Earth System Sciences 120 (6): 1127 - 1143. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12040 - 011 - 0131 - 0" title="Trace fossils from Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) of Mizoran India and their palaeoenvironmental significance" type="journal article" year="2011">Tiwari, Majkonwar, Malsawma, Malte & Patel2011: 1139</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, pl. 4d. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FB78FCECFBEBFC32" author="EL-HEDENY M. & HEWADY A. & AL-KALITANY K." page="728" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2012">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB78FCECFBEBFC32" author="EL-HEDENY M. & HEWADY A. & AL-KALITANY K." firstAuthor="El-Hedeny" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences" page="728" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="722 - 733" part="6" refId="ref8581" refString="EL-HEDENY M., HEWADY A. & AL-KALITANY K. 2012. - Shallow-marine trace fossils from the Callovian-Oxfordian Tuwaiq Mountain limestone and Hanifa Formations, central Saudi Arabia. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 6 (3): 722 - 733." title="Shallow-marine trace fossils from the Callovian-Oxfordian Tuwaiq Mountain limestone and Hanifa Formations, central Saudi Arabia" type="journal article" year="2012">El-Hedeny, Hewady & Al-Kalitany 2012: 728</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, figs 6A, B. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FB01FCF6FC21FC15" author="EL-SABBAGH A. & EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A." page="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2017">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB01FCF6FC21FC15" author="EL-SABBAGH A. & EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A." firstAuthor="El-Sabbagh" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Geologists' Association" page="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="222 - 223" part="128" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.01.001" refId="ref8628" refString="EL-SABBAGH A., EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A. 2017. - Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 128 (2): 222 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2017.01.001" title="Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt" type="journal article" year="2017">El-Sabbagh, El-Hedeny & Ferraj 2017: 11</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, 12, figs 4c, 5, 6d, e, 7e, f. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FB48FC11FBCFFC6F" author="DARNGAWN J. L. & PATEL S. J. & JOSEPH J. K. & SHITOLE A. D." page="176" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2018">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB48FC11FBCFFC6F" author="DARNGAWN J. L. & PATEL S. J. & JOSEPH J. K. & SHITOLE A. D." firstAuthor="Darngawn" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India" page="176" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="169 - 180" part="63" refId="ref8356" refString="DARNGAWN J. L., PATEL S. J., JOSEPH J. K. & SHITOLE A. D. 2018. - Palaeoecological significance of trace fossils of Chorar Island, Eastern Kachchh Basin, Western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 63 (2): 169 - 180." title="Palaeoecological significance of trace fossils of Chorar Island, Eastern Kachchh Basin, Western India" type="journal article" year="2018">Darngawn, Patel, Joseph & Shitole 2018: 176</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, pl. 3, figs 3, 4. —
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FB4EFC3BFAF1FC41" author="BENDELLA M. & BENYOUCEF M. & MIKULAS R. & BOUCHEMLA I. & MARTINELL J. & FERI B." page="539" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2021">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FB4EFC3BFAF1FC41" author="BENDELLA M. & BENYOUCEF M. & MIKULAS R. & BOUCHEMLA I. & MARTINELL J. & FERI B." firstAuthor="Bendella" journalOrPublisher="Geologica Carpathica" page="539" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="529 - 548" part="72" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.31577/GeolCarp.72.6.5" refId="ref8035" refString="BENDELLA M., BENYOUCEF M., MIKULAS R., BOUCHEMLA I., MARTINELL J. & FERI B. 2021. - Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria). Geologica Carpathica 72 (6): 529 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.31577 / GeolCarp. 72.6.5" title="Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria)" type="journal article" year="2021">Bendella, Benyoucef, Mikulăś, Bouchemla, Martinell & Feri 2021: 539</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, fig. 5E.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FC75FC7FFB94" blockId="11.[813,1455,1021,1072]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E8D411CDFF96FB66FC81FC75FC7FFB94" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="496510F2FF96FB66FC81FC75FA4EFBB1" author="MORGAN C. A. & HENDERSON C. M. & PRATT B. R." box="[813,1451,1021,1046]" page="217" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" year="2019">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF96FB66FC81FC75FA4EFBB1" authority="Morgan, Henderson & Pratt, 2019: 217" authorityName="Morgan, Henderson & Pratt" authorityPageNumber="217" authorityYear="2019" box="[813,1451,1021,1046]" genus="Protopaleodictyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" rank="species" species="atkeni">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC81FC75FBF7FBB1" box="[813,1042,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Protopaleodictyon atkeni</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FBB6FC76FA4EFBB1" author="MORGAN C. A. & HENDERSON C. M. & PRATT B. R." box="[1050,1451,1021,1046]" firstAuthor="Morgan" journalOrPublisher="Ichnos" page="217" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="216 - 223" part="26" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2018.1538981" refId="ref9920" refString="MORGAN C. A., HENDERSON C. M. & PRATT B. R. 2019. - A giant Protopaleodictyon from the Middle Cambrian of Western Canada. Ichnos 26 (3): 216 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 1042 0940.2018. 1538981" title="A giant Protopaleodictyon from the Middle Cambrian of Western Canada" type="journal article" year="2019">Morgan, Henderson & Pratt, 2019: 217</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
, figs 3, 5, 6.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FBCFFC76FBDE" blockId="11.[813,1455,1095,1146]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC81FBCFFC54FBFB" box="[813,945,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
isp.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FC76FBCFFCADFBDE" author="BAYET-GOLL A. & BUATOIS L. A. & MANGANO M. G. & DARAEI M." firstAuthor="Bayet-Goll" journalOrPublisher="Geobiology" page="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="233 - 270" part="20" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12473" refId="ref7842" refString="BAYET-GOLL A., BUATOIS L. A., MANGANO M. G. & DARAEI M. 2022 a. - The interplay of environmental constraints and bioturbation on matground development along the marine depositional profile during the Ordovician Radiation. Geobiology 20 (2): 233 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / gbi. 12473" title="The interplay of environmental constraints and bioturbation on matground development along the marine depositional profile during the Ordovician Radiation" type="journal article" year="2022" yearSuffix="a">Bayet-Goll, Buatois, Mángano & Daraei, 2022a: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig.
|
|
<specimenCount id="DEC2FD6AFF96FB66FCD4FBEAFC76FBDE" box="[888,915,1122,1146]" count="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="generic">6f.</specimenCount>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FC81FB1AFC77FB60" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FB1AFC77FB60" blockId="11.[813,1454,1169,1220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<smallCapsWord id="CE9DA03FFF96FB66FC81FB1AFC77FB0C" baselines="1187,1188" box="[813,914,1170,1193]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Material" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
|
|
. — Numerous field observations;
|
|
<specimenCount id="DEC2FD6AFF96FB66FB5EFB19FA9CFB0D" box="[1266,1401,1169,1193]" count="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|
were measured.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FC81FB54FAE2FAF9" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FB54FAE2FAF9" blockId="11.[811,1456,1243,1373]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<smallCapsWord id="CE9DA03FFF96FB66FC81FB54FC72FB56" baselines="1261,1262" box="[813,919,1244,1267]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
|
|
. — Horizontal, branching network of smooth-walled, unlined burrows, lacking vertically oriented shafts. Burrow diameter identical within individual specimens; constrictions or swellings at both junctions and inter-junction segments are absent (emended by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FCE7FACDFBDEFAF9" author="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K." box="[843,1083,1349,1373]" firstAuthor="Blissett" journalOrPublisher="Scripta Geologica" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="341 - 378" part="127" refId="ref8104" refString="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K. 2004. - Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies. Scripta Geologica 127: 341 - 378." title="Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies" type="journal article" year="2004">Blissett & Pickerill 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, after
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FBD5FACEFB1FFAF9" author="MYROW P. M." box="[1145,1274,1349,1373]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB66FC81FA1CFAE6F969" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FA1CFC58FA08" blockId="11.[811,1457,1428,1741]" box="[813,957,1428,1454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<smallCapsWord id="CE9DA03FFF96FB66FC81FA1CFC58FA08" baselines="1447,1447" box="[813,957,1428,1454]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81FA3BFAE6F969" blockId="11.[811,1457,1428,1741]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC81FA3BFC24FA6A" bold="true" box="[813,961,1459,1486]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
from Lashkerak Formation consists of mainly horizontal,sole bed preserved,branching networks and pseudo-polygonal networks,with mainly horizontal Y-shaped branching burrows (
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF96FB66FC3EF99BFC28F989" box="[914,973,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|
). Burrows have a rounded cross section in and show passive filling. The persistent diameter of the burrows ranges between 5 and
|
|
<quantity id="0F3C9B06FF96FB66FBB7F9DBFB8FF9C9" box="[1051,1130,1619,1645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
|
. They have variable length and are straight to winding (
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF96FB66FB8EF9FBFB69F929" box="[1058,1164,1651,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Fig.6D, E</figureCitation>
|
|
). The margin is smooth with no lining.Branching occurs regularly every
|
|
<quantity id="0F3C9B06FF96FB66FB44F91BFACAF909" box="[1256,1327,1683,1709]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 cm</quantity>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF96FB66FA92F91BFA46F909" box="[1342,1443,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Fig.6B, F</figureCitation>
|
|
). Angle of branching varies between 100-120°.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80DE6568FF96FB61FC81F97BFDDCF848" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB66FC81F97BFC74F8AF" blockId="11.[811,1456,1779,2028]" box="[813,913,1779,1805]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
<smallCapsWord id="CE9DA03FFF96FB66FC81F97BFC74F8AF" baselines="1798,1798" box="[813,913,1779,1805]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">REMARKS</smallCapsWord>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF96FB61FC81F89BFE51FB0A" blockId="11.[811,1456,1779,2028]" lastBlockId="12.[130,777,216,2028]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
In the description of the ichnogenus
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FB0FF89AFAD3F889" bold="true" box="[1187,1334,1810,1837]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FAEEF89AFC92F8E8" author="EHRENBERG K." firstAuthor="Ehrenberg" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologische Zietschrift" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="345 - 359" part="23" refId="ref8486" refString="EHRENBERG K. 1944. - Erganzende Bemerkungen zu den seinerzeit aus dem Miozan von Burgschleintz beschriebenen Gangkeren und Bauten dekapoder Krebse. Palaeontologische Zietschrift 23: 345 - 359." title="Erganzende Bemerkungen zu den seinerzeit aus dem Miozan von Burgschleintz beschriebenen Gangkeren und Bauten dekapoder Krebse" type="journal article" year="1944">Ehrenberg (1944)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
stated that it is composed by cylindrical-to-elliptical burrows that form a three-dimensional to horizontal branching polygonal network with vertical shafts connected to the surface, where branching is regular and swells are found at the branches and elsewhere.According to the original diagnosis of
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF96FB66FC87F859FBA7F848" bold="true" box="[811,1090,2001,2028]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
|
|
Thalassinoides
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF96FB66FC6AF859FBA7F848" box="[966,1090,2001,2028]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">horizontalis</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF96FB66FBCBF85AFAE1F848" author="MYROW P. M." box="[1127,1284,2001,2028]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, these networks are mostly horizontal, regularly branching of unlined burrows lacking vertical shafts, with tunnels straight to curved showing almost constant burrow diameter (no swellings). So, the main ichnotaxobases for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FE3EFEB0FDCFFEF6" box="[402,554,311,338]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE3EFEB0FDCFFEF6" bold="true" box="[402,554,311,338]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">T. horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are the lack of vertical offshoots, lack of swellings, regular branching and almost constant burrow diameter, also in accordance to the emended diagnosis of
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF53FE1FFDEFFE15" author="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K." box="[255,522,407,433]" firstAuthor="Blissett" journalOrPublisher="Scripta Geologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="341 - 378" part="127" refId="ref8104" refString="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K. 2004. - Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies. Scripta Geologica 127: 341 - 378." title="Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies" type="journal article" year="2004">Blissett & Pickerill (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.In his controversial revision of the ichnogenus
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FEDDFE3EFDE0FE75" bold="true" box="[369,517,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FDBCFE3FFD43FE75" author="SCHLIRF M." box="[528,678,439,465]" firstAuthor="Schlirf" journalOrPublisher="Geologica et Palaeontologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="145 - 213" part="34" refId="ref10180" refString="SCHLIRF M. 2000. - Upper Jurassic trace fossils from the Boulonnais (northern France). Geologica et Palaeontologica 34: 145 - 213." title="Upper Jurassic trace fossils from the Boulonnais (northern France)" type="journal article" year="2000">Schlirf (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
included
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FF2FFE5FFEFFFE55" box="[131,282,470,497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF2FFE5FFEFFFE55" bold="true" box="[131,282,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">T. horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in his
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FECFFE5EFD5EFE55" authority="(Reith)" baseAuthorityName="Reith" box="[355,699,470,497]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Spongeliomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="suevica">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FECFFE5EFD80FE55" bold="true" box="[355,613,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Spongeliomorpha suevica</emphasis>
|
|
(Reith)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which diagnosed as mainly horizontal, but sometimes partly vertical to oblique burrow systems with unlined, smooth lined or ornamented walls with Y- and T-shaped branches, typically enlarged at junctions or elsewhere, and variable diameters within a given system. This diagnosis is too broad as includes different burrow systems with different expressions of behavior and preservation in substrates with different consistencies.We do not intend in this paper to revise the ichnogenus
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FD17FD5DFF31FCB4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
, or raise again the discussion about the usefulness of keeping
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FF77FC9DFDC9FC94" authority=", Thalassinoides" authorityName="Thalassinoides" box="[219,556,789,816]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dysideidae" genus="Spongeliomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF77FC9DFE68FC94" bold="true" box="[219,397,789,816]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Spongeliomorpha</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE34FC9DFDC9FC94" bold="true" box="[408,556,789,816]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FDF0FC9DFD08FC94" authorityName="Lundgren" authorityYear="1891" box="[604,749,789,816]" genus="Ophiomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FDF0FC9DFD08FC94" bold="true" box="[604,749,789,816]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Ophiomorpha</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as separate ichnogenera. However, the ichnotaxobases of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FD15FCBEFF30FCD4" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FD15FCBEFF30FCD4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">T. horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as defined originally by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE7DFCDEFD88FCD4" author="MYROW P. M." box="[465,621,853,880]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
were included in this broad diagnosis or were not taken into account by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF28FC1DFEFDFC0B" author="SCHLIRF M." box="[132,280,917,943]" firstAuthor="Schlirf" journalOrPublisher="Geologica et Palaeontologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="145 - 213" part="34" refId="ref10180" refString="SCHLIRF M. 2000. - Upper Jurassic trace fossils from the Boulonnais (northern France). Geologica et Palaeontologica 34: 145 - 213." title="Upper Jurassic trace fossils from the Boulonnais (northern France)" type="journal article" year="2000">Schlirf (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, such as the constant diameter along the tunnels, and therefore the characteristic lack of swellings, or turning chambers, in the branching areas and elsewhere, in a burrow network recognized by the lack of vertical shafts by all the subsequent authors that described this as a valid ichnospecies (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF22FBBDFE6BFBEB" author="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K." box="[142,398,1077,1103]" firstAuthor="Blissett" journalOrPublisher="Scripta Geologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="341 - 378" part="127" refId="ref8104" refString="BLISSETT D. J. & PICKERILL R. K. 2004. - Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies. Scripta Geologica 127: 341 - 378." title="Soft-sediment ichnotaxa from the Cenozoic White Limestone Group, Jamaica, West Indies" type="journal article" year="2004">Blissett & Pickerill 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE36FBBDFDB6FBEB" author="TIWARI R. & MAJKONWAR L. C. & MALSAWMA P. L. J. & MALTE V. Z. & PATEL S. J." box="[410,595,1076,1103]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tiwari" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Earth System Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="1127 - 1143" part="120" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-011-0131-0" refId="ref10383" refString="TIWARI R., MAJKONWAR L. C., MALSAWMA P. L. J., MALTE V. Z. & PATEL S. J. 2011. - Trace fossils from Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) of Mizoran India and their palaeoenvironmental significance. Journal of Earth System Sciences 120 (6): 1127 - 1143. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12040 - 011 - 0131 - 0" title="Trace fossils from Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) of Mizoran India and their palaeoenvironmental significance" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
|
Tiwari
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE4AFBBDFDF2FBEB" bold="true" box="[486,535,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2011
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FDF2FBBDFF5EFBCB" author="EL-HEDENY M. & HEWADY A. & AL-KALITANY K." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="El-Hedeny" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="722 - 733" part="6" refId="ref8581" refString="EL-HEDENY M., HEWADY A. & AL-KALITANY K. 2012. - Shallow-marine trace fossils from the Callovian-Oxfordian Tuwaiq Mountain limestone and Hanifa Formations, central Saudi Arabia. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 6 (3): 722 - 733." title="Shallow-marine trace fossils from the Callovian-Oxfordian Tuwaiq Mountain limestone and Hanifa Formations, central Saudi Arabia" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
|
El-Hedeny
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FD7AFBBDFCE2FBEB" bold="true" box="[726,775,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2012
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF6BFBDDFE57FBCB" author="EL-SABBAGH A. & EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A." box="[199,434,1108,1135]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="El-Sabbagh" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Geologists' Association" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="222 - 223" part="128" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.01.001" refId="ref8628" refString="EL-SABBAGH A., EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A. 2017. - Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 128 (2): 222 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2017.01.001" title="Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|
El-Sabbagh
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FEE9FBDDFE93FBCB" bold="true" box="[325,374,1108,1135]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE11FBDDFD7AFBCB" author="DARNGAWN J. L. & PATEL S. J. & JOSEPH J. K. & SHITOLE A. D." box="[445,671,1108,1135]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Darngawn" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="169 - 180" part="63" refId="ref8356" refString="DARNGAWN J. L., PATEL S. J., JOSEPH J. K. & SHITOLE A. D. 2018. - Palaeoecological significance of trace fossils of Chorar Island, Eastern Kachchh Basin, Western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 63 (2): 169 - 180." title="Palaeoecological significance of trace fossils of Chorar Island, Eastern Kachchh Basin, Western India" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|
Darngawn
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FD9EFBDDFD86FBCB" bold="true" box="[562,611,1108,1135]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2018
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FD06FBDDFF13FB2B" author="BENDELLA M. & BENYOUCEF M. & MIKULAS R. & BOUCHEMLA I. & MARTINELL J. & FERI B." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bendella" journalOrPublisher="Geologica Carpathica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="529 - 548" part="72" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.31577/GeolCarp.72.6.5" refId="ref8035" refString="BENDELLA M., BENYOUCEF M., MIKULAS R., BOUCHEMLA I., MARTINELL J. & FERI B. 2021. - Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria). Geologica Carpathica 72 (6): 529 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.31577 / GeolCarp. 72.6.5" title="Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria)" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
|
Bendella
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF28FBFDFF5DFB2B" bold="true" box="[132,184,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; this paper), allows to maintain
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FDF9FBFDFD08FB2B" box="[597,749,1140,1167]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FDF9FBFDFD08FB2B" bold="true" box="[597,749,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">T. horizontalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as valid distinctive ichnotaxon.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C87B36E3FF91FB61FF37FB3CFDDCF848" blockId="12.[130,777,216,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
|
|
The small diameter burrows in Lashkerak Fm. do not swell at branching areas and do not show constrictions (
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF91FB61FF22FB7CFF34FAAA" box="[142,209,1268,1294]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|
), and they are organized in regularly branching, mostly horizontal burrow systems, matching with the diagnosis by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF72FABCFE98FAEB" author="MYROW P. M." box="[222,381,1332,1359]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
for
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE04FABCFD59FAEA" box="[424,700,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
|
|
Thalassinoides
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FDEDFABCFD59FAEA" box="[577,700,1332,1358]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">horizontalis</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
. Some oblique burrows could have been the connection of the burrow system in a lower level with the water-substrate interface (
|
|
<figureCitation id="50FF2A66FF91FB61FF58FA1BFEA9FA0A" box="[244,332,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1602,1619]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-298@10.[698,1267,752,1292]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. — Thalassinoides horizontalis Myrow from the Middle Ordovician of the Lashkerak Formation: A, sole bed perspective of the entirely bedding-parallel orientation of the pseudo-polygonal network of burrows; B, D, regular alternating branching network with burrows bending slightly upwards (D is a detail of B); C, E, change of orientation of the burrows during their development make them slightly winding. No swelling in the branching points are evident; F, regular branching pattern with the development of mostly open, to occasional five-sided polygons and homogeneous diameter of the burrows along the whole network. Scale bars: 10 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
|
), making them closer in morphology to the Zhushadong specimens from Cambrian Age 4 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FD12FA3BFF1CFA49" author="ZHANG L. - J. & QI Y. - A. & BUATOIS L. A. & MANGANO M. G. & MENG Y. & DA L." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhang" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="45773" part="7" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45773" refId="ref10644" refString="ZHANG L. - J., QI Y. - A., BUATOIS L. A., MANGANO M. G., MENG Y. & DA L. 2017. - The impact of deep-tier burrow systems in sediment mixing and ecosystem engineering in early Cambrian carbonate setting. Scientific Reports 7: 45773. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 45773" title="The impact of deep-tier burrow systems in sediment mixing and ecosystem engineering in early Cambrian carbonate setting" type="journal volume" year="2017">
|
|
Zhang
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF28FA5CFF5DFA49" box="[132,184,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). According to
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE0FFA5CFDA1FA4A" author="MYROW P. M." box="[419,580,1491,1518]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, this pattern may have had the function of conduits through which water would be pumped during filter-feeding, or as a feeding structure, in case of an agrichnial burrow. In the examples of
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF0DF9DBFED3F9C9" box="[161,310,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
described by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE60F9DBFD88F9CA" author="MYROW P. M." box="[460,621,1619,1646]" firstAuthor="Myrow" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="58 - 74" part="10" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.2307/3515007" refId="ref10141" refString="MYROW P. M. 1995. - Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems. Palaios 10 (1): 58 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3515007" title="Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems" type="journal article" year="1995">Myrow (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, it is frequent the presence of an “outer wall” resulting from a diagenetic halo. This kind of preservation in carbonates is particularly evident for
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FEAAF93AFE7EF968" box="[262,411,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Thalassinoides</emphasis>
|
|
from different ages (e.g.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FD1AF93AFF5BF949" author="FURSICH F. T." firstAuthor="Fursich" journalOrPublisher="Comunicacoes dos Servicos Geologicos de Portugal" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="153 - 168" part="67" refId="ref8685" refString="FURSICH F. T. 1981. - Invertebrate trace fossils from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. Comunicacoes dos Servicos Geologicos de Portugal 67 (2): 153 - 168." title="Invertebrate trace fossils from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal" type="journal article" year="1981">Fürsich 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FF7CF95AFE08F949" author="EKDALE A. A. & BROMLEY R. G." box="[208,493,1746,1773]" firstAuthor="Ekdale" journalOrPublisher="Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="221 - 227" part="192" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(02)00686-7" refId="ref8517" refString="EKDALE A. A. & BROMLEY R. G. 2003. - Paleoethologic interpretation of complex Thalassinoides in shallow-marine limestones, Lower Ordovician, southern Sweden. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 192 (1 - 4): 221 - 227. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0031 - 0182 (02) 00686 - 7" title="Paleoethologic interpretation of complex Thalassinoides in shallow-marine limestones, Lower Ordovician, southern Sweden" type="journal article" year="2003">Ekdale & Bromley 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and the eodiagenetical processes and dolomitization (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FE7EF97AFD8FF8A8" author="JIN J. & HARPER D. A. T. & RASMUSSEN J. A. & SHEEHAN P. M." box="[466,618,1778,1804]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Jin" journalOrPublisher="Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="73 - 88" part="367" refId="ref9048" refString="JIN J., HARPER D. A. T., RASMUSSEN J. A. & SHEEHAN P. M. 2012. - Late Ordovician massive-bedded Thalassinoides ichnofacies along the palaeoequator of Laurentia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 367 - 368: 73 - 88." title="Late Ordovician massive-bedded Thalassinoides ichnofacies along the palaeoequator of Laurentia" type="book chapter" year="2012">
|
|
Jin
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE54F97BFDCEF8A8" box="[504,555,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2012
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) inside and in the vicinities of the disturbed sediment ultimately develop a nodular fabric. The diagenetical processes are usually different in siliciclastic settings and for this reason the halo typical of
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF0CF8FAFE52F828" box="[160,439,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
|
|
Thalassinoides
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FC44D60FF91FB61FE97F8FAFE52F828" box="[315,439,1906,1932]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Taenidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="horizontalis">horizontalis</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
in carbonates cannot be found in the unlined burrows from the Lashkerak Formation, as it is not found in the examples described by, e.g.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FD25F83AFEE9F848" author="EL-SABBAGH A. & EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="El-Sabbagh" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Geologists' Association" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="222 - 223" part="128" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.01.001" refId="ref8628" refString="EL-SABBAGH A., EL-HEDENY M. & FERRAJ S. A. 2017. - Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 128 (2): 222 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pgeola. 2017.01.001" title="Thalassinoides in the Middle Miocene succession at Siwa Oasis, northwestern Egypt" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|
El-Sabbagh
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FF28F85AFF5CF84F" box="[132,185,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2017)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AC554B12FF91FB61FEE8F859FDD7F848" author="BENDELLA M. & BENYOUCEF M. & MIKULAS R. & BOUCHEMLA I. & MARTINELL J. & FERI B." box="[324,562,2001,2028]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bendella" journalOrPublisher="Geologica Carpathica" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="529 - 548" part="72" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.31577/GeolCarp.72.6.5" refId="ref8035" refString="BENDELLA M., BENYOUCEF M., MIKULAS R., BOUCHEMLA I., MARTINELL J. & FERI B. 2021. - Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria). Geologica Carpathica 72 (6): 529 - 548. https: // doi. org / 10.31577 / GeolCarp. 72.6.5" title="Shallow to marginal marine ichnoassemblage from the Upper Pliocene Slama Formation (Lower Chelif Basin, NW Algeria)" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
|
Bendella
|
|
<emphasis id="FAB0EAF1FF91FB61FE07F85AFE3AF84F" box="[427,479,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2021)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |