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140 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="149C8CF2D30BD3DCF68F43B8369C1388" ID-CLB-Dataset="275275" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10072573" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f2fb95b4-c217-4690-b8f6-f3d494c1d4c0" ID-ISBN="978-85-89-274-31-9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10072573" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1698655243636" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Fornazier, M. J., Martins, D. S., Fanton, C. J. & Benassi, V. L. R. M." docDate="2019" docId="153D654AB24CFF880996ACCC0CAEFA68" docLanguage="en" docName="Incaper.3.493-533.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Conilon coffee - The Coffea canephora produced in Brazil, Vitória, ES, Brasil: Incaper - Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension" docSource="https://biblioteca.incaper.es.gov.br/digital/bitstream/123456789/3514/1/book-conilon-coffee-3rd-edition-2019-Incaper.pdf" docTitle="Planococcus citri" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="2026" masterDocId="E9041D32B268FFAD095AAA770836FFEB" masterDocTitle="INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN CONILON COFFEE" masterLastPageNumber="533" masterPageNumber="493" pageNumber="2025" updateTime="1699699037035" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D3791DEE97CC2FCD0905A3822E065E56">
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<mods:title id="260DE09815DBA1B4C89852912FA20A3E">INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN CONILON COFFEE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2E986E6AD931DAA701A937A08084D5F">Fornazier, M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8229E2B54B6A72EDABCC14084DAAC146">Martins, D. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B92A8100BED6389971777055F7883DC">Fanton, C. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F11D882FA4B0E720DDEBD330CBC568DE">Benassi, V. L. R. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FA2485CC332418EFC6817C8911EA9E8D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="023E276554F22BE7C337DDCB6901D074">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="18F06FEA2CDEC68A8A92988DD41D910E" type="pubDate">2019-05-28</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="456378334F9FE7A979F4269427E42216">Incaper - Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="903D5008CF3E9CA248552220F77FD2CE">Vitória, ES, Brasil</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9388E25C9C0A6B9AF582C612CC3440B9">FERRÃO, R. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2200017D755E2299C34C5B9F047EF93F">FONSECA, A. F. A. da.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="164FFD481B72B7E5A5073F72C2E1143C">FERRÃO, M. A. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C83979452254A836343A0464F4CA61FB">DE MUNER, L. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3FECDBF98A5837D5B9C294F6CEE2734C">Conilon coffee - The Coffea canephora produced in Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="215C951C4924A36206C13F8055D3C81B">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FD99801079230E68F2FEA8016B28E58B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10072573</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DAEB1A9343218575BCFF8097F66E5A5A" type="ISBN">978-85-89-274-31-9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="153D654AB24CFF880996ACCC0CAEFA68" ID-GBIF-Taxon="215904913" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153D654AB24CFF880996ACCC0CAEFA68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/153D654AB24CFF880996ACCC0CAEFA68" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="2026" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025">
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B24CFF890996ACCC0A6FF932" box="[204,601,1723,1753]" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB24CFF890996ACCC0A6FF932" blockId="36.[149,1401,699,1967]" box="[204,601,1723,1753]" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB24CFF890996ACCC0A64F932" box="[204,594,1723,1753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025">
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB24CFF890996ACCC0992F932" ID-CoL="4JK9T" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[204,420,1723,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Planococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citri">Planococcus citri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB24CFF8908B3ACCC0A64F932" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[489,594,1723,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Planococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">P. minor</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B24CFF880B39ACCC0BEBFDC5" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="2026" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB24CFF880B39ACCC0BEBFDC5" blockId="36.[149,1401,699,1967]" lastBlockId="37.[150,1401,229,558]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="2026" pageId="36" pageNumber="2025">
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they are very similar species and are part of a complex of mealybugs known as citrus mealybug. The females have an oval shape, with a length of 3 to 5 mm, the young forms have pink coloration; the adults are yellow-brown and the body is covered with a whitish powdery secretion. They characterize for having 18 side appendages, powdery white on each side and two more terminal appendages, larger than the lateral ones.Throughout life, these coccidians can lay about 400 eggs for 90 days. They secrete a white woolly substance that serves to protect the eggs next to the insect body. The eggs are yellow-orange in color and the nymphs appear after 10 to 20 days of laying. Inhabiting a small cocoon, they reach adulthood in about ten days. They live in colonies made up of individuals at various stages of development. Both nymphs and adults suck sap in flower buds and underdevelopment fruits (
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<figureCitation id="05AFC8D9B24DFF8809C5ABE70938FE45" box="[159,270,400,430]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="37.[150,234,895,922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1398,599,879]" captionTargetId="figure-447@37.[567,986,598,879]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 7. Flower bud (A), branches (B) and rosette (C) of the coffee tree infested with citrus mealybug." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10072587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10072587/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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). The complete evolutionary cycle is 25 days, on average.The are registered in different agroecological regions of Espírito Santo (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF880BEAABCC0BC0FE32" author="FORNAZIER, M. J. & PERINI, J. L. & De MUNER, L. H. & BENASSI, V. L. R. M. & MAZZO, G. & SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C. & DAUN, S. C." box="[688,1014,443,473]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref24005" refString="FORNAZIER, M. J.; PERINI, J. L.; De MUNER, L. H.; BENASSI, V. L. R. M.; MAZZO, G.; SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C.; DAUN, S. C. Cochonilha branca da roseta em cafe Conilon (Coffea canephora) no Estado do Espirito Santo. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 26., 2000, Marilia, SP. Anais ... Marilia, SP: p. 176 - 177, 2000 g." title="Cochonilha branca da roseta em cafe Conilon (Coffea canephora) no Estado do Espirito Santo" type="proceedings paper" volumeTitle="CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 26., 2000, Marilia, SP. Anais ... Marilia, SP" year="2000">FORNAZIER et al., 2000g</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF880D5AABCC0C62FE32" author="FORNAZIER, M. J. & MARTINS, D. dos S. & CARMO, G. O. & De MUNER, L. H. & SANTA CECILIA, L. V. C." box="[1024,1108,443,473]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" pagination="250 - 251" refId="ref24107" refString="FORNAZIER, M. J.; MARTINS, D. dos S.; CARMO, G. O.; De MUNER, L. H.; SANTA CECILIA, L. V. C. Ocorrencia de Planococcus minor Maskell, 1897 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em cafe na regiao sul do Espirito Santo. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 27., 2001. Uberaba, MG. Anais ... Uberaba, MG: p. 250 - 251, 2001 a." title="Ocorrencia de Planococcus minor Maskell, 1897 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em cafe na regiao sul do Espirito Santo" type="proceedings paper" volumeTitle="CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 27., 2001. Uberaba, MG. Anais ... Uberaba, MG" year="2001">2001a</bibRefCitation>
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; SANTA-CECÍLIA; REIS; SOUZA, 2002;
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF88080CAB920A8BFDE8" author="SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C. & SOUZA, B. & PRADO, E. & SOUZA, J. C. & FORNAZIER, M. J." bookContentInfo="4 p." box="[342,701,485,515]" journalOrPublisher="Circular Tecnica 189" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" refId="ref27658" refString="SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C.; SOUZA, B.; PRADO, E.; SOUZA, J. C.; FORNAZIER, M. J. Cochonilhas-farinhentas em cafeeiros: reconhecimento e controle. Circular Tecnica 189, 2005, 4 p. (EPAMIG / CTSM)." title="Cochonilhas-farinhentas em cafeeiros: reconhecimento e controle" type="book" year="2005">SANTA-CECÍLIA et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
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), where its detection occurred in the 1970's, causing losses of up to 100% of coffee production (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF880B96A8670BE7FDC5" author="PAULINI, A. E. & NAKANO, O. & FERREIRA, A. J. & MATIELLO, J. B. & D'ANTONIO, A. M." box="[716,977,528,558]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" pagination="285 - 287" refId="ref26674" refString="PAULINI, A. E.; NAKANO, O.; FERREIRA, A. J.; MATIELLO, J. B.; D'ANTONIO, A. M. Cochonilha branca (Planococcus sp.) causa graves prejuizos em cafeeiros do Espirito Santo. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 5., Anais ... Guarapari, ES: p. 285 - 287. 1977." title="Cochonilha branca (Planococcus sp.) causa graves prejuizos em cafeeiros do Espirito Santo" type="proceedings paper" volumeTitle="CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 5., Anais ... Guarapari, ES" year="1977">PAULINI et al., 1977</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="C9EB84D4B24DFF8809CCA9080D5EFC71" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10072587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10072587" box="[150,1384,895,922]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10072587/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" startId="37.[150,234,895,922]" targetBox="[151,1398,599,879]" targetPageId="37" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB24DFF8809CCA9080D5EFC71" blockId="37.[150,1384,845,922]" box="[150,1384,895,922]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB24DFF8809CCA90808C9FC71" bold="true" box="[150,255,895,922]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">Figure 7</emphasis>
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. Flower bud (A), branches (B) and rosette (C) of the coffee tree infested with citrus mealybug.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB24DFF880996A9CC0CAEFA68" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B24DFF880996A9CC09D1FC32" box="[204,487,955,985]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB24DFF880996A9CC09D6FC32" ID-CoL="389S6" authority="(Tinsley, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Tinsley" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[204,480,955,985]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texensis">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB24DFF880996A9CC09D6FC32" box="[204,480,955,985]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">Dysmicoccus texensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B24DFF8808AAA9CC0CAEFA68" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" type="biology_ecology">
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They are insects with aptera adult female, oval body and pinkish color, covered with finely grained white wax, which gives it the appearance of flour and about 2.5 mm in length. They have 34 filamentous appendages around the body, with 17 on each side, the latter two being longer (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF880BB2AE4C0C55FBB2" author="SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C. & SOUZA, B. & SOUZA, J. C. & PRADO, E. & MOINO JR., A. & FORNAZIER, M. J. & CARVALHO, G. A." bookContentInfo="48 p." box="[744,1123,1083,1113]" journalOrPublisher="Belo Horizonte: EPAMIG" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" refId="ref27713" refString="SANTA-CECILIA, L. V. C.; SOUZA, B.; SOUZA, J. C.; PRADO, E.; MOINO JR., A.; FORNAZIER, M. J.; CARVALHO, G. A. Cochonilhas-farinhentas em cafeeiros: bioecologia, danos e metodos de controle. Belo Horizonte: EPAMIG, 2007. 48 p. (EPAMIG. Boletim Tecnico, 79)." title="Cochonilhas-farinhentas em cafeeiros: bioecologia, danos e metodos de controle" type="book" year="2007">SANTA-CECÍLIA et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). Its reproduction is parthenogenetic, being able to generate up to 253 individuals during period of 52 to 87 days. The most favorable temperature to the population development is of 20 to 25
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<superScript id="6AE17914B24DFF880C44AEF90D0CFB45" attach="right" box="[1310,1338,1166,1198]" fontSize="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">oC</superScript>
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and associated to the high relative humidity, with up to five annual generations (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB24DFF880DC1AECC0D5BFB32" author="NAKANO, O." box="[1179,1389,1211,1241]" journalOrPublisher="Piracicaba: ESALQ-USP." pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" pagination="1972" part="130" refId="ref26468" refString="NAKANO, O. Estudo da cochonilha-da-raiz-do-cafeeiro, Dysmicoccus cryptus (Hempel, 1919) comb. n. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). 130 f. 1972. (Tese de Livre Docencia). Piracicaba: ESALQ-USP. 1972." title="Estudo da cochonilha-da-raiz-do-cafeeiro, Dysmicoccus cryptus (Hempel, 1919) comb. n. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)" type="book" year="1972">NAKANO, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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). The first infestations arise in small colonies right below the neck or collar of new plants. With the development of the population, the insect is spreading to the plant roots, forming nodes called crypts, inside of which live their young and adult forms associated with the fungus of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB24DFF88087DAF120993FA68" authorityName="L.Mangin & Viala" authorityYear="1903" box="[295,421,1381,1411]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Meruliaceae" genus="Bornetina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Polyporales" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB24DFF88087DAF120993FA68" box="[295,421,1381,1411]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">Bornetina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which gives a plate appearance on the roots (
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<figureCitation id="05AFC8D9B24DFF880D42AF120CBDFA68" box="[1048,1163,1381,1411]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="37.[829,913,1730,1757]" captionTargetBox="[829,1398,1446,1712]" captionTargetId="graphics-461@37.[829,1398,1446,1712]" captionText="Figure 8. Coffee scale root, Dysmicoccus texensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10072589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10072589/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2026">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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).
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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</document> |