1078 lines
157 KiB
XML
1078 lines
157 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0A8780679A51476C3370DF96DBF83241">Discovery of a new species and host record of Holophryxus Richardson, 1905 (Isopoda: Dajidae) from the central Arctic: a model of enhanced descriptive standards for epicaridean isopods</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="73109E8CA648E03257531B58E7E49EA0">Huys, Rony</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039587FE1D5CFFFAFF62BC2831C1F99D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8011021" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209669765" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8011021" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587FE1D5CFFFAFF62BC2831C1F99D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587FE1D5CFFFAFF62BC2831C1F99D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="606" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
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<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF62BC283288FA9C" blockId="9.[205,701,1293,1318]" box="[205,701,1293,1318]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
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<heading id="D0CB81841D5CFFFDFF62BC283288FA9C" box="[205,701,1293,1318]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" reason="2">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D65A0341D5CFFFDFF62BC283128FA9E" baselines="1312,1311" box="[205,285,1293,1318]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Genus" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">GENUS</smallCapsWord>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFE8BBC283288FA9C" ID-CoL="7P66W" ID-ENA="2883859" authority="RICHARDSON, 1905 A" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[292,701,1293,1318]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D65A0341D5CFFFDFE8BBC2831F8FA9C" baselines="1310,1311" box="[292,461,1293,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Holophryxus" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
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<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE8BBC2831F8FA9C" box="[292,461,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">HOLOPHRYXUS</emphasis>
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</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D65A0341D5CFFFDFE7BBC28325CFA9E" baselines="1312,1311" box="[468,617,1293,1318]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Richardson" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">RICHARDSON</smallCapsWord>
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, 1905
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D65A0341D5CFFFDFD01BC353288FA9C" baselines="1311" box="[686,701,1296,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="a" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">A</smallCapsWord>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFF3EBC10313AFAF4" box="[145,271,1333,1356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF3EBC10313AFAF4" blockId="9.[145,271,1333,1356]" box="[145,271,1333,1356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
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||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF3EBC10313AFAF4" box="[145,271,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Synonyms</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFF3EBC78328FFACA" box="[145,698,1373,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF3EBC78328FFACA" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" box="[145,698,1373,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFF3EBC783230FACB" ID-CoL="a0cc2371-fdc1-41af-aa23-1e2e5f29d62b" authority="Nierstrasz & Brender" authorityName="Nierstrasz & Brender" box="[145,517,1373,1395]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF3EBC78313EFACA" box="[145,267,1373,1394]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Hypodajus</emphasis>
|
||
Nierstrasz & Brender
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
à Brandis, 1931
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFD10BC7831E9FA08" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="multiple">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFD10BC7831E9FA08" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFD68BC7832CCFACA" box="[711,761,1373,1394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFF42BC5932D3FA2A" authority="Nierstrasz & Brender" authorityName="Nierstrasz & Brender" box="[237,742,1404,1426]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF42BC5931DFFA29" box="[237,490,1404,1425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Hypodajus georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
Nierstrasz & Brender
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
à Brandis, 1931; by monotypy);
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFE4CBCBE32CCFA08" box="[483,761,1434,1456]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFE4CBCBE32CCFA08" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" box="[483,761,1434,1456]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFE4CBCBE32CCFA08" ID-CoL="7P6QV" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[483,761,1434,1456]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Cryptonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE4CBCBE326DFA08" box="[483,600,1435,1456]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Cryptonus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFDF0BCBF32CCFA08" author="Schultz GA" box="[607,761,1434,1456]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFF3EBC9C31BCFA56" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF3EBC9C31BCFA56" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFF36BC9C30F9FA76" box="[153,204,1465,1486]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFE99BC9C32FAFA76" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[310,719,1465,1487]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Cryptonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE99BC9C321DFA77" box="[310,552,1465,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Cryptonus truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFD9FBC9C32FAFA76" author="Schultz GA" box="[560,719,1465,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; by original designation);
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFE3DBCFD3283FA55" box="[402,694,1496,1518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFE3DBCFD3283FA55" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" box="[402,694,1496,1518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFE3DBCFD3283FA55" ID-CoL="7869b2ab-99bf-4792-9e8d-c7b365aa9595" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[402,694,1496,1518]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE3DBCFD3224FA55" box="[402,529,1496,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFDB6BCFD3283FA55" author="Schultz GA" box="[537,694,1496,1518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFFDFD11BCFD3110F993" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFD11BCFD3110F993" blockId="9.[145,761,1373,1579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFD69BCFD32CCFA55" box="[710,761,1496,1517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFF42BCD33241F9B4" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[237,628,1526,1548]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF42BCD331E0F9B4" box="[237,469,1526,1548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Isophryxus concavus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFE74BCD33241F9B4" author="Schultz GA" box="[475,628,1526,1548]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; by original designation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5CFFF8FF3EBF7A3401FAF1" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="604" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF3EBF7A3144F9CE" blockId="9.[145,369,1630,1654]" box="[145,369,1630,1654]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
<heading id="D0CB81841D5CFFFDFF3EBF7A3144F9CE" box="[145,369,1630,1654]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF3EBF7A3144F9CE" box="[145,369,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Taxonomic history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFDFF3EBFA3357EFA1E" blockId="9.[145,761,1670,1907]" lastBlockId="9.[809,1425,197,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFF3EBFA3322DF924" authority="Richardson, 1905 a" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[145,536,1670,1692]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF3EBFA3311EF923" box="[145,299,1670,1691]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFE9ABFA3322DF924" author="Richardson H" box="[309,536,1670,1692]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref42455" refString="Richardson H. 1905 a. Isopods from the Alaska Salmon Investigation. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 24: 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson, 1905a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of 22 valid genera currently recognized in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFDC5BF8032F7F903" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[618,706,1701,1723]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFE82BFE13188F961" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1883" box="[301,445,1732,1753]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Notophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE82BFE13188F961" box="[301,445,1732,1753]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Notophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genus with the greatest number of species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFED1BFC73262F940" author="Boyko CB & Bruce NL & Hadfield KA & Merrin KL & Ota Y & Poore GCB & Taiti S & Schotte M & Wilson GDF" box="[382,599,1762,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" refId="ref37531" refString="Boyko CB, Bruce NL, Hadfield KA, Merrin KL, Ota Y, Poore GCB, Taiti S, Schotte M, Wilson GDF, eds. 2022. World marine, freshMater and terrestrial isopod crustaceans database. Dajidae G. O. Sars, 1883. Available at: http: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = taxdetails & id = 146514 (accessed 1 November 2022)." type="url" year="2022">
|
||
Boyko
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFE7EBFC6323BF94F" box="[465,526,1762,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFDDEBFC7312AF8AE" author="Richardson H" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref42455" refString="Richardson H. 1905 a. Isopods from the Alaska Salmon Investigation. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 24: 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson (1905a: 220)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed the genus for its
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFDF4BE2732B8F8AF" box="[603,653,1794,1815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and only species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFF5EBE0531A2F88D" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[241,407,1824,1845]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFF5EBE0531A2F88D" box="[241,407,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and based her description on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3AFD611D5CFFFDFF3EBE1B3127F8EC" box="[145,274,1854,1876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="adult">three adult</specimenCount>
|
||
females collected in south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5CFFFDFD07BE1B32CDF8EC" box="[680,760,1854,1876]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
between 269 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5CFFFDFEFBBE7831ACF8CB" box="[340,409,1885,1907]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. No males were collected and the host was unknown.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFBDBB9E035A4FF63" author="Richardson H" box="[1140,1425,197,219]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="1 - 727" refId="ref42480" refString="Richardson H. 1905 b. A monograph on the isopods of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 54: 1 - 727." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson (1905b: 576)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reproduced her original description under the incorrect subsequent spelling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFBCBB8263527FEAF" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1124,1298,258,280]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alascensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFBCBB8263527FEAF" box="[1124,1298,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. alascensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and mentioned the discovery of another specimen collected by the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5CFFFDFCD6B865339DFEED" box="[889,936,320,341]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
Bureau of Fisheries steamer
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFAABB8653547FEED" box="[1284,1394,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Albatross</emphasis>
|
||
in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5CFFFDFC34B87B3423FECC" box="[923,1046,350,372]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Subsequently, other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFCEAB85B33DFFE2A" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[837,1002,381,403]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFCEAB85B33DFFE2A" box="[837,1002,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
became available, allowing the final host to be determined and the male and larval stages to be described.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFC4FB89F344CFE68" author="Butler TH" box="[992,1145,442,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided descriptions of both sexes and the late juvenile stage based on material that was largely found attached to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFAB8B8DD3539FD94" authority="Rathbun, 1902" authorityName="Rathbun" authorityYear="1902" class="Malacostraca" family="Pasiphaeidae" genus="Pasiphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFAB8B8DD33BFFD93" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Pasiphaea pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFC3BBB33347EFD94" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[916,1099,534,556]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="885 - 905" refId="ref42268" refString="Rathbun MJ. 1902. Descriptions of new decapod crustaceans from the west coast of North America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 24: 885 - 905." type="journal article" year="1902">Rathbun, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Pasiphaeidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in British Columbian waters.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFBABBB10353FFDF2" author="Coyle KO & Mueller GJ" box="[1028,1290,565,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="1438 - 1443" refId="ref38579" refString="Coyle KO, Mueller GJ. 1981. Larval and juvenile stages of the isopod Holophryxus alaskensis (Epicarida, Dajidae) parasitic on decapods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38: 1438 - 1443." type="journal article" year="1981">Coyle & Mueller (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
made a significant contribution to the life cycle of the species by describing the epicaridium, microniscus, cryptoniscus and juvenile stages based on material from Prince William Sound in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5CFFFDFC53BB95347AFD7E" box="[1020,1103,688,710]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The discovery on the same shrimp host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFC69BBEA3408FD5B" box="[966,1085,718,740]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pasiphaeidae" genus="Pasiphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFC69BBEA3408FD5B" box="[966,1085,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">P. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of adult females containing unmetamorphosed cryptoniscid stage males in the brood pouch, enabled them to identify the cryptoniscid larvae from plankton samples taken in the same area and trace the development back to the epicaridium stage.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFCDBBA4D34B1FCC5" author="Coyle KO & Mueller GJ" box="[884,1156,872,894]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="1438 - 1443" refId="ref38579" refString="Coyle KO, Mueller GJ. 1981. Larval and juvenile stages of the isopod Holophryxus alaskensis (Epicarida, Dajidae) parasitic on decapods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38: 1438 - 1443." type="journal article" year="1981">Coyle & Mueller (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified the calanoid copepod
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFC23BAA33577FC23" authority="(Esterly, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Esterly" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[908,1346,902,924]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Euchaetidae" genus="Paraeuchaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Calanoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFC23BAA334A7FC23" box="[908,1170,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Paraeuchaeta elongata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFB0CBAA3350FFC23" author="Esterly CO" box="[1187,1338,902,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="181 - 196" refId="ref39039" refString="Esterly CO. 1913. Fourth taxonomic report on the Copepoda of the San Diego region. UniVersity of California Publications in Zoology 11 (10): 181 - 196, plates 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1913">Esterly, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the intermediate host and noted that the epicaridium stage attaches itself to the copepodid V instar, mainly by the first pair of pereopods and typically to the lateral side of the cephalothorax with its head directed anteriorly. Their observations revealed that final metamorphosis from the juvenile to the adult stage involved a change in mandibular morphology from the sagitate
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFC10BD5933C7FB29" box="[959,1010,1148,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">type</typeStatus>
|
||
to a rasp-like organ which drills a hole in the host’s carapace, the formation of the incubatory plates on pereopods 1–5, the elongation of the area between pereopods 5 and 6, with loss of pereopod 6 and reduction of its coxal plate to a small bump, and the complete loss of the coxal plate of pereopod 7. It is noteworthy that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFBA5BC11352EFAF1" author="Coyle KO & Mueller GJ" box="[1034,1307,1332,1354]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="1438 - 1443" refId="ref38579" refString="Coyle KO, Mueller GJ. 1981. Larval and juvenile stages of the isopod Holophryxus alaskensis (Epicarida, Dajidae) parasitic on decapods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38: 1438 - 1443." type="journal article" year="1981">Coyle & Mueller (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had overlooked
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFCD3BC773404FAD0" author="Rustad D" box="[892,1073,1362,1384]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref42618" refString="Rustad D. 1935. Notes on Holophryxus richardi Koehler (?) (Fam. Dajidae). Bergens Museums Arbok 1934: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1935">Rustad’s (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
study which had documented similar morphological changes associated with the final metamorphosis in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFB98BCB534F5FA1D" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[1079,1216,1424,1445]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFB98BCB534F5FA1D" box="[1079,1216,1424,1445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5CFFFEFCEEBC8A317BFB2A" blockId="9.[809,1425,197,1905]" lastBlockId="10.[163,780,197,1905]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="602" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">
|
||
In a subsequent study,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFBE1BC8B3566FA7C" author="Richardson H" box="[1102,1363,1454,1476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="689 - 696" refId="ref42508" refString="Richardson H. 1908. On some isopods of the family Dajidae from the northwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33: 689 - 696." type="journal article" year="1908">Richardson (1908: 690</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 692) added two new species to the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFB74BCEB3567FA5A" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[1243,1362,1485,1507]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFB74BCEB3567FA5A" box="[1243,1362,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5CFFFDFC86BCC933B1F9B9" box="[809,900,1516,1537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.941" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" unit="m" value="4941.0">4941 m</quantity>
|
||
depth east of Bering Island (Commander Islands), representing the deepest record for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFC86BF0C338AF986" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[809,959,1577,1598]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFC86BF0C338AF986" box="[809,959,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
so far, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFBE1BF0F3528F986" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[1102,1309,1577,1599]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Hymenodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFBE1BF0F3528F986" box="[1102,1309,1577,1599]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Ho. californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5CFFFDFAC8BF0C330AF9E5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" unit="m" value="512.0">512 m</quantity>
|
||
depth off the coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5CFFFDFBFDBF6234F9F9E5" box="[1106,1228,1607,1629]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5CFFFDFA82BF62330AF9C4" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9299999999999997" metricValueMax="5.12" metricValueMin="2.7399999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" unit="m" value="393.0" valueMax="512.0" valueMin="274.0">274–512 m</quantity>
|
||
depth in south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5CFFFDFBF8BF43349FF9C4" box="[1111,1194,1638,1660]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The former species was based on one detached adult female and an immature female attached dorsally to the carapace of the benthesicymid prawn,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5CFFFDFBDABFE633DDF94E" authority="(Rathbun, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Malacostraca" family="Benthesicymidae" genus="Boreogennema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5CFFFDFBDABFE635A4F96F" box="[1141,1425,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="601">Boreogennema borealis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFC9EBFC433E8F94E" author="Rathbun MJ" box="[817,989,1761,1783]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="885 - 905" refId="ref42268" refString="Rathbun MJ. 1902. Descriptions of new decapod crustaceans from the west coast of North America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 24: 885 - 905." type="journal article" year="1902">Rathbun, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFC5DBFC434FEF94E" author="Wasmer RA" box="[1010,1227,1761,1782]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988: 24)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5CFFFDFC86BE2533BAF8AD" box="[809,911,1792,1813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and confirmed the presence of the spinular/ setular projections around the semicircular posterior margin of the fifth incubatory plates which had not been mentioned or illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5CFFFDFB1BBE7E35BFF8C9" author="Richardson H" box="[1204,1418,1883,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="601" pagination="689 - 696" refId="ref42508" refString="Richardson H. 1908. On some isopods of the family Dajidae from the northwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33: 689 - 696." type="journal article" year="1908">Richardson (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The species has not been recorded again since its original description, and the male and larval stages remain undescribed.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFE22B82732E6FEAF" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[397,723,258,279]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFE22B82732E6FEAF" box="[397,723,258,279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Holophryxus californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described on the basis of an adult female (with an accompanying male—at that time the first one in the genus) from green mud [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5FFFFEFE13B87B321AFECC" box="[444,559,350,372]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
—possibly the specimen mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFE3EB8583245FE2B" author="Richardson H" box="[401,624,381,403]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 727" refId="ref42480" refString="Richardson H. 1905 b. A monograph on the isopods of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 54: 1 - 727." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson (1905b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and an adult female attached to a shrimp host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFD9DB8B9313DFE68" authority="(Alaska)" baseAuthorityName="Alaska" class="Malacostraca" family="Pasiphaeidae" genus="Pasiphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFD9DB8B9333FFE09" box="[562,778,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Pasiphaea pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5FFFFEFF04B89F3134FE68" box="[171,257,442,464]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. The male was described in some detail but the description of the female was deficient. In both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFF0CB8DD312FFDB5" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[163,282,504,525]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFF0CB8DD312FFDB5" box="[163,282,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFEF7B8DD3213FDB5" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[344,550,504,525]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFEF7B8DD3213FDB5" box="[344,550,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the attached adult females showed a similar orientation on the host’s carapace, with the cephalon directed towards the abdomen of the host. No information was provided on the morphology of the cephalic appendages in either species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFEADBBB431ABFD1F" author="Butler TH" box="[258,414,657,679]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-examined the type material of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFF55BB9531ABFD7D" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[250,414,688,709]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFF55BB9531ABFD7D" box="[250,414,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFE76BB953294FD7D" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[473,673,688,709]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFE76BB953294FD7D" box="[473,673,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and confirmed their conspecificity based on the variation in body shape observed in his own material from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5FFFFEFF0CBA29315AFC9A" box="[163,367,780,802]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
coast. The author confirmed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFD66BA2930EAFC87" class="Malacostraca" family="Pasiphaeidae" genus="Pasiphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFD66BA2930EAFC87" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">P. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the host, showing that specimens attached to the shrimp were elongate and symmetrical [like the attached
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5FFFFEFEA0BA4D3144FCC6" box="[271,369,872,894]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFDB0BA4D32DDFCC5" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[543,744,872,893]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFDB0BA4D32DDFCC5" box="[543,744,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFF0CBAA33158FC23" author="Richardson H" box="[163,365,902,924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="689 - 696" refId="ref42508" refString="Richardson H. 1908. On some isopods of the family Dajidae from the northwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33: 689 - 696." type="journal article" year="1908">Richardson (1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4), whereas those found free in the trawl catches were stout and irregular in body form (like those described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFE16BAE13268FC61" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[441,605,964,985]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFE16BAE13268FC61" box="[441,605,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFD27BAE130CDFC40" author="Richardson H" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref42455" refString="Richardson H. 1905 a. Isopods from the Alaska Salmon Investigation. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 24: 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson (1905a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFEA1BAC73192FC40" author="Butler TH" box="[270,423,994,1016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
postulated that the stout body form of the female is associated with the attainment of sexual maturity and renders mature females more prone to accidental detachment from their host.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFD12BD1B3113FBCA" author="Nagler C & Eiler SM & Haug JT" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="339 - 352" refId="ref41862" refString="Nagler C, Eiler SM, Haug JT. 2020. Examination of functional morphology of dajiid isopods using Arthrophryxus sp. parasitising a mysid shrimp as an example. Acta Zoologica 101: 339 - 352." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Nagler
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFF0CBD7B30EFFBCA" box="[163,218,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFE53BD7B328DFBCA" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[508,696,1117,1139]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFE53BD7B328DFBCA" box="[508,696,1117,1139]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. californensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFD69BD7B32D1FBCB" box="[710,740,1118,1139]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] as a valid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5FFFFEFF14BDBF347BF987" blockId="10.[163,780,197,1905]" lastBlockId="10.[827,1444,197,1905]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFF14BDBF31BFFB17" author="Koehler R" box="[187,394,1178,1200]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref40592" refString="Koehler R. 1911. Isopodes nouveaux de la famille des Dajides provenant des campagnes de la " Princesse-Alice ". Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco 196: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1911">Koehler (1911: 23)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFDD3BDBE3330FB17" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[636,773,1178,1200]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFDD3BDBE3330FB17" box="[636,773,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from a plankton sample taken in the North Atlantic south of the Azores. A single immature female, without accompanying male, was collected at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5FFFFEFDE3BDD33289FAB4" box="[588,700,1270,1292]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" unit="m" value="1250.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2500 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, but the host was unknown. Koehler discussed similarities with the immature female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFD97BC11329BFAF1" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[568,686,1332,1353]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFD97BC11329BFAF1" box="[568,686,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in particular the presence of traces of body segmentation in both forms.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFEFFBC543268FA3E" author="Stephensen K" box="[336,605,1393,1415]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="57 - 134" refId="ref43594" refString="Stephensen K. 1912. Report on the Malacostraca collected by the ' Tjalfe' - Expedition, under the direction of cand. mag. Ad. S. Jensen, especially at W. Greenland. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 57 - 134." type="journal article" year="1912">Stephensen (1912: 108</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 109) recorded a detached female from the Davis Strait which he assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFEBDBC8A31A8FA7B" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[274,413,1454,1476]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFEBDBC8A31A8FA7B" box="[274,413,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the morphology of the fifth pair of incubatory plates. The specimen was about 2.5 times larger than
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFE07BCC9325DF9B9" author="Koehler R" box="[424,616,1516,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref40592" refString="Koehler R. 1911. Isopodes nouveaux de la famille des Dajides provenant des campagnes de la " Princesse-Alice ". Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco 196: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1911">Koehler’s (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5FFFFEFDDEBCC932E0F9BA" box="[625,725,1516,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and lacked eggs or developing larvae in the marsupium, or an accompanying male. A second, larger, female specimen, found on the carapace of the prawn
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFD28BF6D3272F9C4" authority="(Kroyer, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Kroyer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Malacostraca" family="Sergestidae" genus="Eusergestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFD28BF6D30CBF9C4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Eusergestes arcticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFEA1BF4231AAF9C4" author="Kroyer H" box="[270,415,1638,1660]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref41041" refString="Kroyer H. 1855. Bidrag til Kundskab om Kraebsdyrslaegten Sergestes Edw. OVersigt oVer det Kongelige danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger 1855 (1): 22 - 34." type="journal article" year="1855">Krøyer, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Sergestidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a different locality in the Davis Strait, was tentatively assigned to ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFF07BF81315EF901" box="[168,363,1700,1721]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFF07BF81310AF901" box="[168,319,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFED3BF81324CF902" authority="Koehler" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[380,633,1700,1722]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFED3BF81323FF901" box="[380,522,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">H. Richardi</emphasis>
|
||
Koehler
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?)’. Based on progressive changes in cephalon shape, incremental increases in body size and length/width ratio, and circumstantial evidence of host utilization,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFD2DBFDA30D9F88B" author="Stephensen K" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="57 - 134" refId="ref43594" refString="Stephensen K. 1912. Report on the Malacostraca collected by the ' Tjalfe' - Expedition, under the direction of cand. mag. Ad. S. Jensen, especially at W. Greenland. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 57 - 134." type="journal article" year="1912">Stephensen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
believed that Koehler’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5FFFFEFDA0BE3B3246F88C" box="[527,627,1822,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and his own two Davis Strait females collectively formed a developmental series representing the same species. This claim was confirmed by subsequent re-examination of the material by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFC45B9C634D4FF41" author="Stephensen K" box="[1002,1249,227,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref43675" refString="Stephensen K. 1915. Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Cumacea, Amphipoda (excl. Hyperiidea). Reports on the Danish Oceanographic Expedtions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas 3: 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephensen (1915: 24)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who reported another detached female from the Celtic Sea. Individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFCF8B80733D7FE8E" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[855,994,289,311]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFCF8B80733D7FE8E" box="[855,994,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found freely in plankton samples collected west and south of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5FFFFEFB22B81A34D0FEED" box="[1165,1253,319,341]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFB58B8653353FECB" author="Hansen HJ" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref39857" refString="Hansen HJ. 1916. Crustacea Malacostraca III. V. The order Isopoda. Danish Ingolf-Expedition 3: 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1916">Hansen, 1916: 211</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5FFFFEFC57B87A3464FECC" box="[1016,1105,351,372]" name="Norway" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFBCFB87B3350FE2B" author="Greve L & Johannessen PJ" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="163 - 164" refId="ref39728" refString="Greve L, Johannessen PJ. 1981. Holophryxus richardi Koehler (Isopoda) found in Herdlefjorden, Western Norway. Sarsia 66: 163 - 164." type="journal article" year="1981">Greve & Johannessen, 1981: 163</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and various localities from east of Galicia to the Celtic Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFC6EB8B934E7FE09" author="Jones MB & Smaldon G" box="[961,1234,411,433]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="303 - 314" refId="ref40243" refString="Jones MB, Smaldon G. 1986. On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66: 303 - 314." type="journal article" year="1986">Jones & Smaldon, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6BE03531D5FFFFEFB70B8BE3500FE09" box="[1247,1333,411,433]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[145,209,197,218]" captionTargetBox="[145,1423,372,1870]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 2. Distribution and host records of all nominal species of Holophryxus Richardson, 1905a [eight valid and two species inquirendae (Ho. septapodus, Ho. truncatus)]. ‘Unknown’ means that the parasite was found free in the plankton haul, presumably having become secondarily detached from its host, or, alternatively, was found among preserved museum material; ‘w.’ refers to the length of the trawl warp used (wire out) and does not necessarily reflect the depth at which the specimens were collected. Type localities marked by *" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4366601D50FFF1FF3EB9E03319FEE8" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" tableUuid="DF4366601D50FFF1FF3EB9E03319FEE8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
); at least in the latter two cases the likely host was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFAB0B89E33ADFE56" baseAuthorityName="Kroyer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Malacostraca" family="Sergestidae" genus="Eusergestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFAB0B89E33ADFE56" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Eusergestes arcticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it was reported from the same station or trawl as the isopod. By far the most detailed account of the species is that by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFB6CBB33355FFD94" author="Rustad D" box="[1219,1386,534,556]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref42618" refString="Rustad D. 1935. Notes on Holophryxus richardi Koehler (?) (Fam. Dajidae). Bergens Museums Arbok 1934: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1935">Rustad (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who studied
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3AFD611D5FFFFEFC34BB10340DFDF3" box="[923,1080,565,587]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
at different stages of development, some of which he treated with a hot solution of sodium hydroxide and stained with pyrogallic acid (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene) to reveal the detailed structure of the cephalic appendages. Rustad’s material was collected in the vicinity of Bergen,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5FFFFEFB7ABBEA351AFD5C" box="[1237,1327,719,740]" name="Norway" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
, either as females attached to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFB89BBC83497FCBA" baseAuthorityName="Kroyer" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[1062,1186,749,770]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sergestidae" genus="Eusergestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFB89BBC83497FCBA" box="[1062,1186,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">E. arcticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or as detached stages in plankton hauls that contained the host prawn. Although the quality of his study was exceptional by contemporary (and present-day) standards, it was not cited by any subsequent dajid authority for nearly half a century, presumably because it was published in the relatively obscure periodical
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFB7CBA80334AFC62" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Bergens Museums Årbok</emphasis>
|
||
. His work was eventually rescued from oblivion when it was rediscovered in the late 1900s by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFAF2BAC73472FBAE" author="Greve L & Johannessen PJ" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="163 - 164" refId="ref39728" refString="Greve L, Johannessen PJ. 1981. Holophryxus richardi Koehler (Isopoda) found in Herdlefjorden, Western Norway. Sarsia 66: 163 - 164." type="journal article" year="1981">Greve & Johannessen (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Based on marks left on the carapace of the host,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFB91BD3A34DDFB8D" author="Rustad D" box="[1086,1256,1055,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref42618" refString="Rustad D. 1935. Notes on Holophryxus richardi Koehler (?) (Fam. Dajidae). Bergens Museums Arbok 1934: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1935">Rustad (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concluded that the isopod moves repeatedly during its life cycle, with the mandibles perforating the carapace through to the epithelial and connective tissues underneath and the dactyli of the pereopods leaving shallower scars. His reinterpretation of the immature stages reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFC94BDF23423FB54" author="Richardson H" box="[827,1046,1239,1261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="689 - 696" refId="ref42508" refString="Richardson H. 1908. On some isopods of the family Dajidae from the northwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33: 689 - 696." type="journal article" year="1908">Richardson (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFB89BDF234EDFB54" author="Koehler R" box="[1062,1240,1239,1261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref40592" refString="Koehler R. 1911. Isopodes nouveaux de la famille des Dajides provenant des campagnes de la " Princesse-Alice ". Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco 196: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1911">Koehler (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFAB7BDF233B1FAB3" author="Stephensen K" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="57 - 134" refId="ref43594" refString="Stephensen K. 1912. Report on the Malacostraca collected by the ' Tjalfe' - Expedition, under the direction of cand. mag. Ad. S. Jensen, especially at W. Greenland. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 57 - 134." type="journal article" year="1912">Stephensen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in combination with personal observations of his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFCC8BC3033CDFA92" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[871,1016,1301,1322]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFCC8BC3033CDFA92" box="[871,1016,1301,1322]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material, showed that the development of the juvenile female into the mature stage involved the loss of coxal plate 7 and pereopod 6 (with its coxal plate reduced to a small protuberance), the formation of incubatory plates 1–5, and the elongation of the body region between pereonites 5 and 6.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFAFEBC8B339EFA5A" author="Rustad D" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref42618" refString="Rustad D. 1935. Notes on Holophryxus richardi Koehler (?) (Fam. Dajidae). Bergens Museums Arbok 1934: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1935">Rustad (1935: 12)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also suggested that the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFABEBCE83596FA5A" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1297,1443,1485,1506]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFABEBCE83596FA5A" box="[1297,1443,1485,1506]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is possibly unique within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFB30BCCE34CFF9B9" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[1183,1274,1515,1537]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having the oostegites developed before the sixth pereopods have completely disappeared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5FFFFFFCFCBF623285FA93" blockId="10.[827,1444,197,1905]" lastBlockId="11.[145,762,197,1905]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="603" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFCFCBF62345DF9E4" author="Stephensen K" box="[851,1128,1607,1629]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="57 - 134" refId="ref43594" refString="Stephensen K. 1912. Report on the Malacostraca collected by the ' Tjalfe' - Expedition, under the direction of cand. mag. Ad. S. Jensen, especially at W. Greenland. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 57 - 134." type="journal article" year="1912">Stephensen (1912: 112)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFB6FBF6D35A8F9E4" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" box="[1216,1437,1607,1629]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFB6FBF6D35A8F9E4" box="[1216,1437,1607,1629]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Ho. acanthephyrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Labrador Sea, based on a single adult female attached to a deep-water shrimp, with the head orientated towards the abdomen of the host. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5FFFFEFC94BFE73345F96F" box="[827,880,1730,1751]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">type</typeStatus>
|
||
host was originally named as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFB58BFE734EAF94E" authority="A. Milne Edwards, 1881" authorityName="A. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1881" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFB58BFE73399F94E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Acanthephyra purpurea</emphasis>
|
||
A. Milne Edwards, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but, on the advice of the Norwegian carcinologist Oscar Sund, the identification was later corrected to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5FFFFEFB54BE3B35ABF8EA" authority="Coutiere, 1905" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1905" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5FFFFEFB54BE3B3388F8E9" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="602">Acanthephyra multispina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFC69BE193440F8EA" author="Coutiere H" box="[966,1141,1852,1874]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref38525" refString="Coutiere H. 1905. Note preliminaire sur les Eucyphotes recueillis par S. A. S. le Prince de Monaco a l'aide du filet a grande ouverture. (Campagnes de la " Princesse-Alice " 1903 - 1904). Bulletin du Musee Oceanographique de Monaco 48: 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1905">Coutière, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5FFFFEFB29BE1935A3F8EA" author="Stephensen K" box="[1158,1430,1852,1874]" pageId="10" pageNumber="602" pagination="329 - 330" refId="ref43645" refString="Stephensen K. 1913. Corrections to the paper on the Malacostraca from the Tjalfe-Expedition. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 329 - 330." type="journal article" year="1913">Stephensen, 1913: 329</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is now widely accepted as a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFE83B9E0315DFF42" authority="(Risso, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelagica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFE83B9E0327EFF62" box="[300,587,197,218]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Acanthephyra pelagica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFDCFB9E032C5FF63" author="Risso A" box="[608,752,197,219]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" refId="ref42550" refString="Risso A. 1816. Histoire naturelle des Crustaces des EnVirons de Nice. Paris: Librairie Grecque - Latine - Allemande." type="book" year="1816">Risso, 1816</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Acanthephyridae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFE71B9C13285FF41" author="Stephensen K" box="[478,688,228,250]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="57 - 134" refId="ref43594" refString="Stephensen K. 1912. Report on the Malacostraca collected by the ' Tjalfe' - Expedition, under the direction of cand. mag. Ad. S. Jensen, especially at W. Greenland. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhaVn 64: 57 - 134." type="journal article" year="1912">Stephensen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized a certain resemblance with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFDBBB82632EFFEAF" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[532,730,258,280]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFDBBB82632EFFEAF" box="[532,730,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. californiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFF3EB8073100FE8E" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[145,309,289,311]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFF3EB8073100FE8E" box="[145,309,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and comparison with this species was hampered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFE80B8653224FEED" author="Richardson H" box="[303,529,320,342]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="689 - 696" refId="ref42508" refString="Richardson H. 1908. On some isopods of the family Dajidae from the northwest Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33: 689 - 696." type="journal article" year="1908">Richardson’s (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
incomplete description, differences in host utilization and
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5EFFFFFDC7B87A32AEFECC" box="[616,667,351,372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality were considered sufficient evidence to assign distinct specific status to the Labrador Sea female. According to his text description and ventral view of the cephalon (his fig. 16), the antennules are 3-segmented and the antennae 5-segmented, but as Stephensen rightly assumed himself, the transverse folds in these appendages were misinterpreted as segment boundaries. His observation of a ‘gnathopod’ between the antenna and first pereopod is ambiguous, leaving open to interpretation which part of the cephalon he misidentified as a limb. Without dissection only two pairs of incubatory plates (probably IP1 and IP5) could be revealed and based on the marks on the carapace it was inferred that the parasite had changed position four to five times. In addition to observations of the female, Stephensen also provided detailed illustrations of epicaridium larvae obtained from the marsupium. No males were found.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFF3EBAA3316AFC23" author="Gurjanova EF" box="[145,351,902,924]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" refId="ref39786" refString="Gurjanova EF. 1932. Tableaux analytiques de la faune de l'URSS, publies par l'Institut Zoologique de l'Academie des Sciences. Les Isopodes des mers arctiques. St Petersburg: Akademiya Nauk SSSR (in Russian)." type="book" year="1932">Gurjanova (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subsequently recorded the species at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5EFFFFFF1EBA80313DFC02" box="[177,264,933,954]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
depth off the Cape Farewell peninsula in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFEADBAE131B4FC62" box="[258,385,964,986]" name="Greenland" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It is unclear whether her identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFEB2BAC63192FC40" authorityName="A. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1881" box="[285,423,995,1016]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFEB2BAC63192FC40" box="[285,423,995,1016]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">A. purpurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the host was correct or in reality referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFECFBD2431EEFBAE" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[352,475,1025,1046]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelagica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFECFBD2431EEFBAE" box="[352,475,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">A. pelagica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFE48BD2432CCFBAF" author="Jones MB & Smaldon G" box="[487,761,1025,1047]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="303 - 314" refId="ref40243" refString="Jones MB, Smaldon G. 1986. On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66: 303 - 314." type="journal article" year="1986">Jones & Smaldon (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed the female from specimens collected in the Celtic Sea (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5EFFFFFEBEBD1B3153FBEB" box="[273,358,1086,1108]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
) and from the Biscay Abyssal Plain (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5EFFFFFF36BD78310FFBCA" box="[153,314,1117,1138]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.13" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" unit="m" value="1465.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1130.0">1130–1800 m</quantity>
|
||
) and described the male for the first time.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFF7EBD593143FB29" author="Schultz GA" box="[209,374,1148,1170]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFE2CBD59321AFB29" author="Wasmer RA" box="[387,559,1148,1169]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFDC8BD59312AFB17" author="Alves-Junior FA & Bertrand A & Araujo MLC & Carvalho Paiva RJ & Souza-Filho JF" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref37062" refString="Alves-Junior FA, Bertrand A, Araujo MLC, Carvalho Paiva RJ, Souza-Filho JF. 2019. First report of the ectoparasitic isopod, Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen 1912 (Cymothoida: Dajidae) in the South Atlantic: recovered from a new host, the deep-sea shrimp, Acanthephyra acanthitelsonis Spence Bate, 1888. Thalassas 35: 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Alves-Júnior
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFF3EBDBE30F9FB17" box="[145,204,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added records from the South Atlantic, South Pacific and Southern Oceans making it the only species in the genus that occurs in both northern and southern hemispheres, being distributed from the Labrador Sea to the Amundsen Sea (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5EFFFFFF06BC113481FD5C" blockId="11.[145,762,197,1905]" lastBlockId="11.[809,1427,197,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">
|
||
Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis (1931: 212) proposed the morphologically close genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFDB1BC7732AAFADF" box="[542,671,1362,1383]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFDB1BC7732AAFADF" box="[542,671,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hypodajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the newly described
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5EFFFFFEE6BC54314FFA3E" box="[329,378,1393,1414]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and only species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFD92BC5732C6FA3F" box="[573,755,1394,1415]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFD92BC5732C6FA3F" box="[573,755,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hyp. georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected at
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B0D1D5EFFFFFE8EBCB5315FFA1D" box="[289,362,1424,1446]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" unit="m" value="366.0">366 m</quantity>
|
||
depth in the Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFDD3BCB532ECFA1E" box="[636,729,1424,1446]" name="Georgia" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5EFFFFFF3EBC8B3156FA7C" box="[145,355,1454,1476]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFEDEBC8B31FAFA7C" box="[369,463,1454,1476]" name="Canada" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The single adult female (with accompanying male) was found on the ventral side of an unidentified pasiphaeid shrimp which in the vicinity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5EFFFFFE80BF2E3155F998" box="[303,352,1547,1568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality would almost certainly have been
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFF60BF0C3192F986" box="[207,423,1577,1598]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pasiphaeidae" genus="Pasiphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFF60BF0C3192F986" box="[207,423,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Pasiphaea pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFE76BF0C325DF987" author="Butler TH" box="[473,616,1577,1599]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis provided no proper argumentation for the establishment of their new genus and the two generic keys they provided fail to shed light on the issue. In the first key the main character used to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFEEFBFE7318AF96F" box="[320,447,1730,1751]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFEEFBFE7318AF96F" box="[320,447,1730,1751]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hypodajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFDA7BFE732ABF96F" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[520,670,1730,1751]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFDA7BFE732ABF96F" box="[520,670,1730,1751]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relates to the segmentation of the body which is described in the former genus as ‘retained partially only in pereon and absent or nearly absent in pleon’ and in the latter as ‘absent in median part of pereon and completely absent or represented by small rudiments in pleon’. Although some faint transverse furrows are present in the anterior portion of the pereon in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB7AB9C135A5FF41" box="[1237,1424,228,249]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB7AB9C135A5FF41" box="[1237,1424,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hyp. georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, 1931: figs 106, 107), similar grooves can be found in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB63B804336EFEED" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB63B8043569FE8E" box="[1228,1372,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Such integumental folds do not reflect segmentation patterns and have no significance at generic or even species level. Their second key uses similarly dubious character states to separate both genera, casting further doubt on the validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB1DB89F3506FE77" box="[1202,1331,442,463]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB1DB89F3506FE77" box="[1202,1331,442,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hypodajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFAECB89F3392FE57" author="Butler TH" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler (1964: 975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that the number of incubatory plates remained the only difference between the descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFC10BB32344EFD94" box="[959,1147,535,556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFC10BB32344EFD94" box="[959,1147,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hyp. georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB19BB323569FD93" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1206,1372,534,556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB19BB323569FD93" box="[1206,1372,534,556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that this discrepancy was based on the failure to recognize the large ventral thoracic plates as the fifth pair of oostegites in the former.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFBF1BB573568FD30" box="[1118,1373,626,648]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFBF1BB573568FD30" box="[1118,1373,626,648]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hypodajus georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was consequently relegated to a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFCEABB9533DCFD7C" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[837,1001,687,709]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFCEABB9533DCFD7C" box="[837,1001,687,709]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB8CBB8A34AAFD7C" box="[1059,1183,687,708]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB8CBB8A34AAFD7C" box="[1059,1183,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hypodajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFCEBBBEB3485FD5C" authority="(Butler, 1964: 976)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityPageNumber="976" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[836,1200,718,740]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFCEBBBEB33E1FD5B" box="[836,980,718,739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFC4CBBEB349DFD5C" author="Butler TH" box="[995,1192,718,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="971 - 976" refId="ref38108" refString="Butler TH. 1964. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 21: 971 - 976." type="journal article" year="1964">Butler, 1964: 976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5EFFFFFCEEBBC835BEF8C9" blockId="11.[809,1427,197,1905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFCEEBBC8342FFCBA" author="Shiino SM" box="[833,1050,749,771]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="188 - 192" refId="ref43196" refString="Shiino SM. 1937. Holophryxus fusiformis, a new species of Dajidae, Epicaridea. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 16: 188 - 192." type="journal article" year="1937">Shiino (1937: 188)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB32BBC83571FCBA" box="[1181,1348,749,770]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB32BBC83571FCBA" box="[1181,1348,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on numerous females (occasionally with males in the marsupium) found attached to the dorsal surface of the carapace of its host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFBE7BA6C34F6FCC5" authority="(Spence Bate, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Spence Bate" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Malacostraca" family="Sergestidae" genus="Prehensilosergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prehensilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFBE7BA6C35A5FCE6" box="[1096,1424,841,862]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Prehensilosergia prehensilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFC9DBA4D3425FCC5" author="Spence Bate CS" box="[818,1040,872,893]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="169 - 196" refId="ref43500" refString="Spence Bate CS. 1881. On the Penaeidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (5) 8: 169 - 196, plates XI - XII." type="journal article" year="1881">Spence Bate, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Sergestidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected off the Pacific coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFC75BAA23416FC24" box="[986,1059,903,924]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Shiino claimed that both pairs of antennae and the maxillae were absent in the female and that the maxillipeds were divided into two parts. Reinterpretation of the cephalon in ventral aspect strongly suggests that the so-called bipartite maxillipeds in reality represent the antennules and adjacent antennae (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A6D1D5EFFFFFBC1BD1B348BFBEB" box="[1134,1214,1086,1108]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="18.[163,242,1563,1585]" captionTargetBox="[367,1238,198,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-118@18.[364,1241,195,1534]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 4. Holophryxus citriformis sp. nov. Holotype, adult female: A, anterior part of body, showing cephalic and thoracic regions with associated limbs, ventral view; left pereopods and incubatory plate 1 omitted to show position of incubatory plates 2–4 (A1 = antennule, A2 = antenna, CP 1–4 = coxal plates 1–4, CR = cephalic ridge, IP1–5 = incubatory plates 1–5, Md = mandible, P5 = pereopod 5, SP = sternal plate); B, posterior part of body, showing spinous margins of incubatory plates (IP5) and position of anal opening (indicated by arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8011019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8011019/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
herein). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFCE8BD7833D7FBCA" author="Shiino SM" box="[839,994,1117,1139]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="188 - 192" refId="ref43196" refString="Shiino SM. 1937. Holophryxus fusiformis, a new species of Dajidae, Epicaridea. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 16: 188 - 192." type="journal article" year="1937">Shiino (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFC40BD7834A7FBCA" box="[1007,1170,1117,1138]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFC40BD7834A7FBCA" box="[1007,1170,1117,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFAC4BD783346FB28" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFAC4BD783346FB28" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFC1DBD593442FB29" box="[946,1143,1148,1169]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Hypodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFC1DBD593442FB29" box="[946,1143,1148,1169]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Hyp. georgiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB0DBD59357AFB28" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1186,1359,1147,1169]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB0DBD59357AFB28" box="[1186,1359,1147,1169]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but differs from both species in the shape of the cephalic ridge (= ‘lunar-shaped lamella’ surrounding the frontal margin of the oral area), the presence of only four pairs of incubatory plates instead of five, and in having two pairs of small papillae at the posterior end of the pereon, either side of the hind margin of the fifth oostegites.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFBB0BC7734F7FADF" author="Shiino SM" box="[1055,1218,1362,1384]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="188 - 192" refId="ref43196" refString="Shiino SM. 1937. Holophryxus fusiformis, a new species of Dajidae, Epicaridea. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 16: 188 - 192." type="journal article" year="1937">Shiino (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also pointed out that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFCCFBC543435FA3E" box="[864,1024,1393,1414]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFCCFBC543435FA3E" box="[864,1024,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB39BC54353CFA3E" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[1174,1289,1393,1414]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB39BC54353CFA3E" box="[1174,1289,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the complete absence of the articulation between the pereon and pleon, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFBB1BC8A34F3FA7B" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1054,1222,1454,1476]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFBB1BC8A34F3FA7B" box="[1054,1222,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the indistinct segmentation of the pereon in the female and by the shape of the pleon in the male abdomen.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFAAFBCCE3390F9A7" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFAAFBCCE3390F9A7" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Holophryxus fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remained unnoticed until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFB59BF2F3347F986" author="Huang MC & Saito N & Shimomura M" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="43 - 53" refId="ref40157" refString="Huang MC, Saito N, Shimomura M. 2018. First record of Holophryxus fusiformis Shiino, 1937 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Dajidae) from the sakura shrimp, Lucensosergia lucens, in Taiwan. Crustacean Research 47: 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Huang
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFAFDBF2E35A4F9A7" box="[1362,1425,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported it from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFB95BF0C34BAF987" box="[1082,1167,1577,1599]" name="Taiwan" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
where it is commonly found attached to the Sakura shrimp,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5EFFFFFB43BF6D34D0F9C4" authority="(Hansen, 1922)" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Malacostraca" family="Sergestidae" genus="Lucensosergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFB43BF6D3340F9C3" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Lucensosergia lucens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFC28BF43341AF9C3" author="Hansen HJ" box="[903,1071,1638,1659]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="1 - 232" refId="ref39880" refString="Hansen HJ. 1922. Crustaces Decapodes (Sergestides) provenant des campagnes des yachts Hirondelle et Princesse-Alice (1885 - 1915). Resultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par le Prince Albert Ier, Prince souVerain de Monaco 64: 1 - 232, plates 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1922">Hansen, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Sergestidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A single specimen was also recorded from the same host collected off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F80A1D5EFFFFFCE2BF863389F901" box="[845,956,1699,1721]" country="Japan" name="Nagasaki" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Nagasaki</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B76781D5EFFFFFC68BF81343AF901" box="[967,1039,1700,1721]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which led the authors to suggest that the parasite is dispersed from Taiwanese waters with the north-flowing Kuroshio current.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFAACBFC43345F8AC" author="Huang MC & Saito N & Shimomura M" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="43 - 53" refId="ref40157" refString="Huang MC, Saito N, Shimomura M. 2018. First record of Holophryxus fusiformis Shiino, 1937 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Dajidae) from the sakura shrimp, Lucensosergia lucens, in Taiwan. Crustacean Research 47: 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Huang
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5EFFFFFAF7BFC435A4F94E" box="[1368,1425,1761,1782]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="603">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed both sexes in detail, rectifying some of the observational errors in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5EFFFFFB2CBE3B351BF88B" author="Shiino SM" box="[1155,1326,1822,1844]" pageId="11" pageNumber="603" pagination="188 - 192" refId="ref43196" refString="Shiino SM. 1937. Holophryxus fusiformis, a new species of Dajidae, Epicaridea. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 16: 188 - 192." type="journal article" year="1937">Shiino’s (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description, and challenged the latter’s claim that only four incubatory plates are present in the Japanese material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D59FFF8FF14B9E032B1FA92" blockId="12.[163,780,197,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF14B9E031BDFF62" author="Schultz GA" box="[187,392,197,219]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz (1977: 93)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
established the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD22B9E0333FFF62" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[653,778,197,218]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD22B9E0333FFF62" box="[653,778,197,218]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for its
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D59FFF8FF42B9C1312AFF41" box="[237,287,228,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and only species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FE42B9C03259FF41" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[493,620,228,250]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FE42B9C03259FF41" box="[493,620,228,250]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">I. concavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from various midwater trawl catches in the South Pacific and Southern Oceans. Both sexes were described but the host was unknown for all
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3AFD611D59FFF8FE45B86532A2FEEE" box="[490,663,320,342]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" type="female">seven females</specimenCount>
|
||
obtained because the isopods apparently fell off their crustacean hosts at the time of collection. Schultz differentiated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FEA2B8B931BBFE09" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[269,398,412,433]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FEA2B8B931BBFE09" box="[269,398,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FE79B8B9325EFE09" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[470,619,412,433]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FE79B8B9325EFE09" box="[470,619,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
solely by the dorsal expression of the pereonites in the former.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF0CB8FF3162FE56" author="Wasmer RA" box="[163,343,473,495]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D59FFF8FD80B8FF3257FE57" box="[559,610,474,495]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD55B8FF3138FDB5" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD55B8FF3138FDB5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">I. concavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and concluded that it was conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FF0CBB32314FFD93" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" box="[163,378,534,556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FF0CBB32314FFD93" box="[163,378,534,556]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. acanthephyrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus relegating the generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FF0CBB103110FDF2" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[163,293,565,586]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FF0CBB103110FDF2" box="[163,293,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FDEBBB1032EFFDF2" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[580,730,565,586]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FDEBBB1032EFFDF2" box="[580,730,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He dismissed the significance of the dorsal transverse folds in the pereon of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FE32BB563229FD30" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[413,540,627,648]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FE32BB563229FD30" box="[413,540,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">I. concavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as possible evidence of an ancestral segmentation pattern, confirmed the presence of the previously overlooked spinular/ setular projections (‘crests’) around the semicircular posterior margin of the fifth incubatory plates, and provided circumstantial evidence to suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD5CBA293133FC87" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelagica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD5CBA293133FC87" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">A. pelagica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the unknown host of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FDE5BA0F333EFCF8" author="Schultz GA" box="[586,779,810,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz’s (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
material. Additional observational errors in the original description were corrected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FDFEBA4D3331FCC5" author="Wasmer RA" box="[593,772,872,893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, including the supposed absence of antennules and antennae in the females (mistakenly interpreted as ‘flattened mouthparts’ by Schultz) and the misnumbering of the lateral edges of the pereonites (coxal plates).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF0CBD2431E5FBAE" author="Alves-Junior FA & Bertrand A & Araujo MLC & Carvalho Paiva RJ & Souza-Filho JF" box="[163,464,1025,1047]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref37062" refString="Alves-Junior FA, Bertrand A, Araujo MLC, Carvalho Paiva RJ, Souza-Filho JF. 2019. First report of the ectoparasitic isopod, Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen 1912 (Cymothoida: Dajidae) in the South Atlantic: recovered from a new host, the deep-sea shrimp, Acanthephyra acanthitelsonis Spence Bate, 1888. Thalassas 35: 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Alves-Júnior
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FEEDBD273148FBAE" box="[322,381,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recently recorded a single female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FEB1BD053237FB8D" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" box="[286,514,1056,1077]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FEB1BD053237FB8D" box="[286,514,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. acanthephyrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a new deep-sea host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FF46BD1B31F2FBCB" authority="Spence Bate, 1888" authorityName="Spence Bate" authorityYear="1888" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthitelsonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FF46BD1B326BFBEB" box="[233,606,1086,1107]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Acanthephyra acanthitelsonis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FDC6BD1B30E9FBCA" author="Spence Bate CS" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref43530" refString="Spence Bate CS. 1888. Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by the Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology 24 (52): i - xc, 1 - 942, plates 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1888">Spence Bate, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Acanthephyridae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the benthopelagic zone off Rocas Atoll. Their concise description does not add anything significant to the morphology of the species. The authors also erroneously cited
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FDE0BD9C333EFB76" author="Holthuis LB" box="[591,779,1209,1231]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="312 - 322" refId="ref40136" refString="Holthuis LB. 1947. Nomenclatorial notes on European macrurous Crustacea Decapoda. Zoologische Mededelingen 27: 312 - 322." type="journal article" year="1947">Holthuis (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as one of the records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FE11BDFD32AEFB55" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" box="[446,667,1240,1261]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FE11BDFD32AEFB55" box="[446,667,1240,1261]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. acanthephyrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that work only deals with the synonymy of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D59FFF8FDD0BDD23284FAB4" box="[639,689,1271,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">type</typeStatus>
|
||
host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD5CBDD23137FA92" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthephyridae" genus="Acanthephyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelagica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD5CBDD23137FA92" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">A. pelagica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FE9EBC303242FA92" author="Jones MB & Smaldon G" box="[305,631,1301,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="303 - 314" refId="ref40243" refString="Jones MB, Smaldon G. 1986. On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66: 303 - 314." type="journal article" year="1986">Jones & Smaldon, 1986: 304</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D59FFF8FF14BC1130DCF8C9" blockId="12.[163,780,197,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF14BC1131A8FAF1" author="Schultz GA" box="[187,413,1332,1354]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz (1977: 108)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD3DBC11333EFAF1" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[658,779,1332,1353]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Cryptonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD3DBC11333EFAF1" box="[658,779,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Cryptonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for its
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D59FFF8FF58BC76311EFAD0" box="[247,299,1363,1384]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and only species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FDA0BC763170FA3E" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Cryptonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FDA0BC76333EFAD0" box="[527,779,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Cryptonus truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF0CBC543170FA3E" author="Schultz GA" box="[163,325,1393,1415]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, found in bathypelagic trawl samples from 18 localities in the South Pacific and Southern Oceans. The species was based on cryptoniscus larvae and placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FEC1BCE83213FA5B" authorityName="KOSSMANN" authorityYear="1880" box="[366,550,1485,1507]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="601" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Cryptoniscoidea">Cryptoniscoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
but without assignment to any particular family. Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FD2BBCC93178F9A7" author="Williams JD & Boyko CB & Moritaki T" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="227 - 241" refId="ref44264" refString="Williams JD, Boyko CB, Moritaki T. 2022. Two new species of spheroid ectoparasitic isopods (Epicaridea: Dajidae) attached to the antennules of brachyuran crab hosts, with description of a new genus and species of hyperparasite (Epicaridea: Cryptoniscoidea). Species DiVersity 27: 227 - 241." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD58BCC930F4F9A7" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2022: 240)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred the genus to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD1FBF2F333EF998" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[688,779,1546,1568]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and relegated it to a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FF0CBF6D310DF9E5" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[163,312,1608,1629]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FF0CBF6D310DF9E5" box="[163,312,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the close morphological similarity between the cryptoniscus larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FDD3BF42333EF9C4" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[636,779,1639,1660]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Cryptonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FDD3BF42333EF9C4" box="[636,779,1639,1660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">C. truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FE09BFA03280F922" author="Coyle KO & Mueller GJ" box="[422,693,1669,1691]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="1438 - 1443" refId="ref38579" refString="Coyle KO, Mueller GJ. 1981. Larval and juvenile stages of the isopod Holophryxus alaskensis (Epicarida, Dajidae) parasitic on decapods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38: 1438 - 1443." type="journal article" year="1981">Coyle & Mueller (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FD4BBFA33117F901" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FD4BBFA33117F901" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Accordingly, they renamed the former under the new combination
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FE58BFE73164F94E" authority="(Schultz, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Schultz" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FE58BFE7333EF960" box="[503,779,1730,1752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FF04BFC4317CF94E" author="Schultz GA" box="[171,329,1761,1783]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and speculated that it may represent the larva of one of the four adult-based
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FDD8BFDA30C0F88C" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FDD8BFDA333EF8AC" box="[631,779,1791,1812]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known from the Southern Hemisphere (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6BE03531D59FFF8FD64BE3B3084F8EA" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[145,209,197,218]" captionTargetBox="[145,1423,372,1870]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 2. Distribution and host records of all nominal species of Holophryxus Richardson, 1905a [eight valid and two species inquirendae (Ho. septapodus, Ho. truncatus)]. ‘Unknown’ means that the parasite was found free in the plankton haul, presumably having become secondarily detached from its host, or, alternatively, was found among preserved museum material; ‘w.’ refers to the length of the trawl warp used (wire out) and does not necessarily reflect the depth at which the specimens were collected. Type localities marked by *" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4366601D50FFF1FF3EB9E03319FEE8" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" tableUuid="DF4366601D50FFF1FF3EB9E03319FEE8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) although none of them have been recorded as far south.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D59FFF8FCFCB9E03401FAF1" blockId="12.[827,1444,197,1353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FCFCB9E03434FF62" author="Schultz GA" box="[851,1025,197,219]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">Schultz (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added three new species from the South Pacific to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC5EB9C6345BFF40" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[1009,1134,227,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC5EB9C6345BFF40" box="[1009,1134,227,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all of which were based on females (and accompanying males in the brood pouch) found in plankton hauls:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FBD4B80433E3FEED" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyandrous">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FBD4B8043597FE8E" box="[1147,1442,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus polyandrous</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FC94B81A33E3FEED" author="Schultz GA" box="[827,982,319,341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC4CB81A3342FECB" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratahumerale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC4CB81A350AFEEC" box="[995,1343,319,340]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus quadratahumerale</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FAE9B81A3342FECB" author="Schultz GA" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC12B87B35A9FECB" authority="Schultz, 1977" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[957,1436,350,372]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septapodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC12B87B34D5FECB" box="[957,1248,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus septapodus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FB42B87B35A9FECB" author="Schultz GA" box="[1261,1436,350,372]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FC94B858342CFE2A" author="Wasmer RA" box="[827,1049,381,402]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988: 27)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred the first two species (the second one misspelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB3DB8B93548FE08" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1978" box="[1170,1405,411,433]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratohumerale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB3DB8B93548FE08" box="[1170,1405,411,433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">I. quadratohumerale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC94B89F33FAFE77" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[827,975,442,463]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC94B89F33FAFE77" box="[827,975,442,463]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the presence of weak anterior furrows suggesting segmentation of the pereon, the presence of a series of spinular/setular projections around the semicircular posterior margin of the fifth pair of incubatory plates, and the morphology of the males.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FC23BB763401FDD1" author="Schultz GA" box="[908,1076,595,617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">Schultz (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
amended the generic diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FCF8BB5733E1FD3F" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[855,980,626,647]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FCF8BB5733E1FD3F" box="[855,980,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to accommodate the alleged presence of seven pereopods in the adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FAA6BBB43596FD1E" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[1289,1443,657,678]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septapodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FAA6BBB43596FD1E" box="[1289,1443,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">I. septapodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and stated that the posterior margin of the marsupium lacks spinular projections. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FA9CBBEB339AFCBA" author="Wasmer RA" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer’s (1988: 27)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-examination of the gravid female
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D59FFF8FAC6BBC8335BFC99" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
proved them to be present, thus demonstrating that it is a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FBCBBA0F34CBFC87" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[1124,1278,810,831]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FBCBBA0F34CBFC87" box="[1124,1278,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in which the fringing marsupial spines are present, but which has retained vestiges of the seventh pereopods and their corresponding coxal plates (represented by the posterior two pairs of processes on the posteroventral part of the pereon), as well as jointed sixth pereopods and the corresponding sixth coxal plates (represented by the more anterior two pairs of processes on the posteroventral part of the pereon).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FAEDBD0533B0FBEB" author="Wasmer RA" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that there may be individual variation regarding the stage of development at which the sixth pereopods finally disappear in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB5FBD593596FB28" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[1264,1443,1147,1169]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septapodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB5FBD593596FB28" box="[1264,1443,1147,1169]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. septapodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[as previously recorded for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB25BDBE352BFB17" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[1162,1310,1178,1200]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB25BDBE352BFB17" box="[1162,1310,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FAE2BDBF339DFB77" author="Rustad D" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref42618" refString="Rustad D. 1935. Notes on Holophryxus richardi Koehler (?) (Fam. Dajidae). Bergens Museums Arbok 1934: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1935">Rustad (1935: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 17, figs 3, 6)]. Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FB62BD9C33A7FB55" author="Boyko CB & Williams JD" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="111 - 121" refId="ref37756" refString="Boyko CB, Williams JD. 2021 b. New records of species of Holophryxus Richardson, 1905 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Dajidae) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans with comments on taxonomic issues in the genus. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 62: 111 - 121." type="journal article" year="2021">Boyko & Williams (2021b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added new records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB35BDFD3574FB54" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" box="[1178,1345,1239,1261]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB35BDFD3574FB54" box="[1178,1345,1239,1261]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FAD3BDFD33D3FAB3" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FAD3BDFD33D3FAB3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Ho. acanthephyrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, respectively, and reviewed the synonymy and bibliography of both species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D59FFFAFC94BCA7327FFB68" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="606" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D59FFF8FC94BCA73421FA22" blockId="12.[827,1044,1410,1434]" box="[827,1044,1410,1434]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
<heading id="D0CB81841D59FFF8FC94BCA73421FA22" box="[827,1044,1410,1434]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC94BCA73421FA22" box="[827,1044,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Generic diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D59FFF9FC94BC8F3188F94F" blockId="12.[827,1444,1450,1902]" lastBlockId="13.[145,762,197,1875]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="605" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">
|
||
The generic boundaries of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB2ABC8F352BFA07" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[1157,1310,1450,1471]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB2ABC8F352BFA07" box="[1157,1310,1450,1471]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been blurred since the inception of the genus, being largely due to the choice of diagnostic characters employed by various authors.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FBB0BF2334CBF9A4" author="Richardson H" box="[1055,1278,1542,1564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref42455" refString="Richardson H. 1905 a. Isopods from the Alaska Salmon Investigation. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 24: 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson (1905a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differentiated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC94BF0033FEF982" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[827,971,1573,1594]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC94BF0033FEF982" box="[827,971,1573,1594]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the seven dajid genera known at the time by a few selected key features (listed in parentheses):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC32BF4633D7F9C0" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" box="[925,994,1635,1656]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Dajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC32BF4633D7F9C0" box="[925,994,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Dajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(no trace of segmentation, absence of pleopods),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC1CBFA434EFF92E" authority="Sars, 1883" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1883" box="[947,1242,1665,1686]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Aspidophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC1CBFA43469F92E" box="[947,1116,1665,1686]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Aspidophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FBCCBFA434EFF92E" author="Sars GO" box="[1123,1242,1665,1686]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref42687" refString="Sars GO. 1883. Oversigt af Norges Crustaceer med forelobige Bemaerkninger over de nye eller mindre bekjendte Arter. I. (Podophthalmata - Cumacea - Isopoda - Amphipoda). Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania 18: 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1883">Sars, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FABDBFA43597F92E" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1883" box="[1298,1442,1665,1686]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Notophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FABDBFA43597F92E" box="[1298,1442,1665,1686]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Notophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(number of incubatory plates, no trace of segmentation, shape of oral area, etc.),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FB2DBF9B3596F96C" authority="Sars, 1885" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1885" box="[1154,1443,1726,1748]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Heterophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FB2DBF9B3512F96B" box="[1154,1319,1726,1747]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Heterophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FA82BF9A3596F96C" author="Sars GO" box="[1325,1443,1726,1748]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="1 - 228" refId="ref42730" refString="Sars GO. 1885. Report on the Schizopoda collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology 13 (37): 1 - 228, plates I - XXXVIII." type="journal article" year="1885">Sars, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(position and morphology of last pair of pereopods),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FC94BFD93492F8A9" authority="Caullery, 1897" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1897" box="[827,1191,1788,1810]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Branchiophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FC94BFD933CBF8A9" box="[827,1022,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Branchiophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D59FFF8FBABBFD93492F8A9" author="Caullery M" box="[1028,1191,1788,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" pagination="88 - 92" refId="ref38245" refString="Caullery M. 1897. Branchiophryxus nyctiphanae, n. g., n. sp., Epicaride nouveau de la famille des Dajidae. Zoologischer Anzeiger 20: 88 - 92." type="journal article" year="1897">Caullery, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(number of pereopods and incubatory plates),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FBF3BE3F34C3F897" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1903" box="[1116,1270,1818,1839]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Zonophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FBF3BE3F34C3F897" box="[1116,1270,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Zonophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(general body shape, form of pleon, complete absence of pleopods) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D59FFF8FCC2BE7D33E0F8D5" authorityName="Bonnier" authorityYear="1903" box="[877,981,1880,1901]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Prodajus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D59FFF8FCC2BE7D33E0F8D5" box="[877,981,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="604">Prodajus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pleon unsegmented and not bifurcate). Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis (1931) constructed two keys to the genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FE5DB9C13278FF42" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[498,589,228,250]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and employed the following female character states in the identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FF57B80431BDFE8E" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[248,392,289,310]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FF57B80431BDFE8E" box="[248,392,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) pereon and pleon with no or vestigial traces of segmentation, (2) posterior margin of pleon smooth (without spiniform processes), (3) presence of five, morphologically similar, pereopods, and (4) absence of uropods.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FE76B8B93280FE09" author="Wasmer RA" box="[473,693,412,433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="20 - 30" refId="ref44037" refString="Wasmer RA. 1988. Parasitic isopod Holophryxus acanthephyrae Stephensen (Epicaridea: Dajidae) from the subantarctic South Pacific, with notes on its synonymy and host. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101: 20 - 30." type="journal article" year="1988">Wasmer (1988: 24)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified the presence of spinular/setular extensions around the posterior margin of the fifth incubatory plates as a key diagnostic character of the genus, enabling him to assign the species previously described as members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FEE4BB1031FBFDF2" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1977" box="[331,462,565,586]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FEE4BB1031FBFDF2" box="[331,462,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Isophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FE4EBB1032B0FDF2" author="Schultz GA" box="[481,645,565,587]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FD39BB1032FAFDF2" author="Schultz GA" box="[662,719,565,586]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FF3EBB713113FDD1" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[145,294,596,617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FF3EBB713113FDD1" box="[145,294,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FE7EBB7132C7FDD1" author="Williams JD & Boyko CB" box="[465,754,596,618]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="79 - 100" refId="ref44216" refString="Williams JD, Boyko CB. 2021. Out on a limb: novel morphology and position on appendages of two new genera and three new species of ectoparasitic isopods (Epicaridea: Dajidae) infesting isopod and decapod hosts. Zoosystema 43: 79 - 100." type="journal article" year="2021">Williams & Boyko (2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: table 1), adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FE95BB5731F9FD3F" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[314,460,626,647]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FE95BB5731F9FD3F" box="[314,460,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females can be differentiated from those of other dajid genera by the combined presence of a distinct cephalon, a pereon that displays rudimentary traces of segmentation and bears five pairs of pereopods and associated incubatory plates (oostegites), and an unsegmented pleon lacking pleopods and uropods. The first two character states are ambiguous because (1) the cephalon is fused to the pereon (with the first pair of coxal plates incorporated into the ventral cephalic ridge) and is only demarcated from it by dorsal and lateral constrictions, and (2) the surface folds or furrows sometimes present on the pereon do not reflect ancestral segmentation patterns.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FF77BD2431DEFBAE" author="Williams JD & Boyko CB" box="[216,491,1025,1047]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="79 - 100" refId="ref44216" refString="Williams JD, Boyko CB. 2021. Out on a limb: novel morphology and position on appendages of two new genera and three new species of ectoparasitic isopods (Epicaridea: Dajidae) infesting isopod and decapod hosts. Zoosystema 43: 79 - 100." type="journal article" year="2021">Williams & Boyko (2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: table 2) also compared the diagnostic characters of adult males among the 15 genera for which they are known and listed the following combination of character states as typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FF3EBD593116FB29" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[145,291,1148,1169]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FF3EBD593116FB29" box="[145,291,1148,1169]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) antennule 1- to 3-segmented, (2) antenna longer, 1–3 segments?, (3) terminal pereonite fused to first pleonite, (4) seven pairs of pereopods, (5) pleon unsegmented, and (6) pleopods absent. Unfortunately, some of these states are scored incorrectly because they are based on previously published observational errors (see Discussion). For example, the antennule is unsegmented in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FDB8BC77329EFADF" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[535,683,1362,1383]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FDB8BC77329EFADF" box="[535,683,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males known so far, the flagellum—when present—having been misinterpreted as one or two additional segments (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FF67BC8B316FFA7B" author="Shiino SM" box="[200,346,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="188 - 192" refId="ref43196" refString="Shiino SM. 1937. Holophryxus fusiformis, a new species of Dajidae, Epicaridea. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 16: 188 - 192." type="journal article" year="1937">Shiino, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FEC6BC8A324BFA7C" author="Jones MB & Smaldon G" box="[361,638,1454,1476]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="303 - 314" refId="ref40243" refString="Jones MB, Smaldon G. 1986. On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66: 303 - 314." type="journal article" year="1986">Jones & Smaldon, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FD22BC8A30CDFA5A" author="Huang MC & Saito N & Shimomura M" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="43 - 53" refId="ref40157" refString="Huang MC, Saito N, Shimomura M. 2018. First record of Holophryxus fusiformis Shiino, 1937 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Dajidae) from the sakura shrimp, Lucensosergia lucens, in Taiwan. Crustacean Research 47: 43 - 53." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Huang
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FD4ABC8A309AFA5A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The antenna typically consists of a basal peduncle and an indistinctly segmented flagellate part while pereonite 7 is only occasionally (and only partly) fused to the pleon. The recently presented generic diagnosis by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D58FFF9FE88BF6D3263F9E6" author="Boyko CB & Williams JD" box="[295,598,1608,1630]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" pagination="111 - 121" refId="ref37756" refString="Boyko CB, Williams JD. 2021 b. New records of species of Holophryxus Richardson, 1905 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Dajidae) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans with comments on taxonomic issues in the genus. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 62: 111 - 121." type="journal article" year="2021">Boyko & Williams (2021b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
omits characters related to the cephalic appendages and pereopods. Their statement that the ‘… anterior hood [is] square …’ in the adult female is also incorrect because it only applies to some species and is based on an ambiguous definition of the character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D58FFF9FF06BE253456FEED" blockId="13.[145,762,197,1875]" lastBlockId="13.[809,1425,197,341]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">
|
||
Most generic diagnoses proposed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FD34BFDA32CDF8AD" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[667,760,1791,1813]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have traditionally been overly concise and incomplete, containing inadequate or misleading information, and characters whose states were wrongly assessed. Below we present an updated diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FB10B9C6357AFF40" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[1215,1359,227,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FB10B9C6357AFF40" box="[1215,1359,227,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Holophryxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, combining both female and male character states, with the aim that it will serve as a model for future revisionary work on other dajid genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D58FFF9FC86B85B3498FDF4" blockId="13.[809,1424,382,588]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D58FFF9FC86B85B33B2FE2C" authorityName="SARS" authorityYear="1883" box="[809,903,382,404]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="605" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females ectoparasitic on dendrobranchiate prawns (Sergestoidea, Penaeoidea) and caridean shrimps (Oplophoroidea, Pasiphaeoidea); typically attached dorsally to carapace with cephalon pointing towards pleon of host, occasionally to ventral surface of abdomen. Males living inside marsupial cavity of female. Eyes absent in both sexes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D58FFF9FC86BB503424FAD3" blockId="13.[809,1426,629,1877]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D58FFF9FC86BB503394FD32" box="[809,929,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">FEMALE:</emphasis>
|
||
Body unsegmented, without functional articulation between cephalon, pereon and pleon; surface folds or furrows sometimes present but not reflecting ancestral segmentation patterns. Cephalon relatively small, typically vaulted, narrower than pereon and demarcated from it by constrictions dorsally and bilaterally; anterior margin of dorsal protuberance rounded or emarginate, occasionally forming broad hood-like extension with straight anterior margin. Ventral cephalic ridge strongly developed, ranging in shape from slightly arched to distinctly crescentiform, embracing oral area; frontal part with or without paired pit organs; coxal plates of first pair of pereopods integrated into posterolateral corners of ridge, represented by lobate extensions or pointed processes. Antennules and antennae unsegmented, flattened and lobate appendages surrounding oral area. Oral opening bordered anteriorly by bilobate labrum and posteriorly by medially incised labium. Mandible slender, with cluster of densely arranged denticles forming abrasive surface around tip of gnathobase. Maxillipeds apparently present in some species; lamellar and originating from sternal plate. Median sternal plate with or without paired posteriorly directed appendices.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D58FFF9FCEEBC513523F8ED" blockId="13.[809,1426,629,1877]" pageId="13" pageNumber="605">Pereon with five pairs of prehensile pereopods; coxal plates of pereopods 2–4 (and often 5) represented by rounded or acute projections posterior to cephalic ridge and lateral to bases of limbs. Each pereopod 5-segmented, consisting of basis, ischiomerus (fused ischium and merus), carpus, propodus and dactylus; carpus and propodus with sensory elements along medial margin; dactylus recurved and claw-like, with setae and sensory elements. Five pairs of incubatory plates (oostegites) arising from basal parts of pereopods; only first and fifth pairs visible, covering other three pairs; first pair occasionally bilobate; fifth pair largest, extending to posterior end of pereon and forming largest part of marsupial cavity; plates of fifth pair overlapping medially, each with series of spinular/setular projections around semicircular posterior margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF14B9E03198FECC" blockId="14.[163,779,197,372]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Pleon unsegmented, without traces of original segmentation; representing at most one fifth of total body length; often demarcated from remainder of body by bilateral constriction; without pleopods. Anus subterminal, represented by small longitudinal slit ventrally. Uropods not expressed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF0CB8B831CDFCD8" blockId="14.[163,779,413,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CB8B830C3FE0A" box="[163,246,413,434]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">MALE:</emphasis>
|
||
Much smaller than female. Body elongate, curved in lateral aspect; comprising cephalon, segmented pereon and unsegmented pleon. Cephalon large, with rounded or slightly bilobed anterior margin; completely (forming cephalothorax) or incompletely fused to pereonite 1; lateral margins typically indented, indicating boundary between cephalon and first pereonite; anterior and lateral margins with numerous sensory papillae. Antennule unsegmented, flattened; with or without flagellum. Antenna elongate, comprising (in)completely separated basal peduncle and indistinctly segmented flagellate part. Oral cone with well developed labrum and labium. Mandible slenderer and with fewer denticles on gnathobase than in female. Maxillipeds absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF14BA4F30C3FBA0" blockId="14.[163,779,413,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Pereon comprising six free pereonites (2–7), each with well developed, rounded pleurotergites; occasionally pereonite 7 partly fused to pleon. All seven pairs of pereopods prehensile, slenderer than in female; segmentation and presence of sensory elements as in female.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF14BD04327FFB68" blockId="14.[163,779,413,1232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Pleon unsegmented, conical; except for papillae, without external traces of original segmentation; proportional length variable; without pleopods; with sensory elements and spinular combs around anal area. Anus subterminal, represented by small longitudinal slit ventrally. Uropods not expressed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5BFFFAFF0CBDDF31ADFA95" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF0CBDDF31ADFA95" blockId="14.[163,777,1273,1326]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CBDDF3175FAB7" box="[163,320,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5487884A1D5BFFFAFF0CBDDF30EEFAB7" box="[163,219,1274,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFEE2BDDC30D2FA96" ID-CoL="3M9GB" authority="Richardson, 1905 a" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1905" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFEE2BDDC3245FAB6" box="[333,624,1273,1294]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Holophryxus alaskensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5BFFFAFDD5BDDC30D2FA96" author="Richardson H" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" pagination="211 - 221" refId="ref42455" refString="Richardson H. 1905 a. Isopods from the Alaska Salmon Investigation. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 24: 211 - 221." type="journal article" year="1905">Richardson, 1905a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by monotypy).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32665631D5BFFFAFF0CBC7331C1F99D" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF0CBC733106FA70" blockId="14.[163,780,1366,1480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CBC7332FBFAD3" box="[163,718,1366,1388]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
Other species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFECABC7332FBFAD3" authorityName="Stephensen" authorityYear="1912" box="[357,718,1366,1387]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthephyrae">Holophryxus acanthephyrae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFD4DBC723129FA32" authorityName="Huys & Savchenko & Kosobokova" authorityYear="2023" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFD4DBC723129FA32" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. citriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFE85BC5331F9FA32" box="[298,460,1397,1419]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFE85BC5331F9FA32" box="[298,460,1397,1419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. fusiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFE76BC53327BFA32" authorityName="Richardson" authorityYear="1908" box="[473,590,1397,1419]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFE76BC53327BFA32" box="[473,590,1397,1419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. giardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFDF4BC533178FA11" authority="(Schultz, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Schultz" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polyandrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFDF4BC53333EFA32" box="[603,779,1397,1419]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. polyandrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5BFFFAFF04BCB13176FA11" author="Schultz GA" box="[171,323,1428,1450]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">Schultz, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFEF9BCB13333FA11" authority="(Schultz, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Schultz" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[342,774,1428,1450]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratahumerale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFEF9BCB13262FA11" box="[342,599,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. quadratahumerale</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5BFFFAFDCABCB132C8FA11" author="Schultz GA" box="[613,765,1428,1450]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">Schultz, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFF0CBC963119FA7F" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1911" box="[163,300,1458,1480]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CBC963119FA7F" box="[163,300,1458,1480]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336E81D5BFFFAFF0CBCD431C1F99D" blockId="14.[163,779,1521,1574]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CBCD431A5F9BE" box="[163,400,1521,1542]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Species inquirendae:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFE0CBCD73333F9BE" authority="(Schultz, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Schultz" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[419,774,1521,1543]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Isophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septapodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFE0CBCD73264F9BE" box="[419,593,1521,1543]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. septapodus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5BFFFAFDCFBCD432C9F9BE" author="Schultz GA" box="[608,764,1521,1543]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" pagination="69 - 89" refId="ref43000" refString="Schultz GA. 1978. More planktonic isopod crustaceans from Subantarctic and Antarctic Seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas VII. Antarctic Research Series 27: 69 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1978">Schultz, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D6B1D5BFFFAFF0CBF3531D8F99D" authority="(Schultz, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Schultz" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[163,493,1552,1574]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dajidae" genus="Holophryxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAFA1D5BFFFAFF0CBF353108F99D" box="[163,317,1552,1573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="606">Ho. truncatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B191D5BFFFAFEE3BF3531D0F99D" author="Schultz GA" box="[332,485,1552,1574]" pageId="14" pageNumber="606" pagination="69 - 128" refId="ref42967" refString="Schultz GA. 1977. Bathypelagic isopod Crustacea from the Antarctic and Southern seas. In: Biology of the Antarctic Seas V. Antarctic Research Series 23: 69 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1977">Schultz, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |