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<document id="DBED3CA5AE35069681961AA013A6D6B2" ID-CLB-Dataset="4843" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3182.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bcf5321d-09cd-4da7-a564-cafd8e000e9d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5247949" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1629761003440" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Harrath, Abdul Halim, Sluys, Ronald, Merzoug, Djemoi, Khebiza, Mohamed Yacoubi-, Alwasel, Saleh &amp; Riutort, Marta" docDate="2012" docId="039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03182p015.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3182 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3182.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Dugesia tubqalis Harrath &amp; Sluys 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFACFFA9193F2928FFCFFFF1292FAF49" masterDocTitle="Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from the Palearctic section of the African continent: new records, with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1736163633664" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E454F395FECA797DE8B670F5310E7A59">Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from the Palearctic section of the African continent: new records, with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6FADD5CC5E333287B8061231E3282043">Harrath, Abdul Halim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AFEB45137F0402DDAB69DB3C63109094">Zoology Department College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia &amp; Research unit Animal Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 2092 Manar II, Tunisia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E6060F921DFCEAB7EFB925224BD6551E" type="email">halim.harrath@laposte.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="69C6DEAC515C677C30AC941D14BDCDE8">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="585AE45F5B52649016F75A1745F0E777">Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam &amp; Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section ZMA), P. O. Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4F64CD99586E8CA22B43CDFD2E302699">Merzoug, Djemoi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8A0962E7DC3D763D1B9D333CB8ADC2E6">Université Larbi Ben M'Hidi, Oum-El-Bouaghi, Algeria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6A97F83692664C22BF14B622F4EF913A">Khebiza, Mohamed Yacoubi-</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="42EC6BDBC19190BE818C0370CCD12F6F">Faculty of Science, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F5687DE86823BBD870DC935DCD360371">Alwasel, Saleh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DBD7CA8AB7D4C9299CFC0444319BF056">Zoology Department College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D6E5969C3492365F0CA2CFA6AB702E5C">Riutort, Marta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="87D7E19EB158C55B1B016219D3B84627">Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) i Dpt. de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6898C6C9820E96E3A551CFCF776077A4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1E73427D4613E39B5395F87EB9536BE1">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6C6F63A29B1679C1480ED63B6C267105">3182</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="16F80B8C49AE0593D70D8C7149205B3B">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3182.1.1</mods:url>
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<treatment id="039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5248600" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184931151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5248600" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" scope_family="Dugesiidae" scope_order="Tricladida" scope_phylum="Platyhelminthes">
<subSubSection id="C326654C193E2929FF58F9772B81A9E9" box="[151,686,1670,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193E2929FF58F9772B6CA9E9" ID-CoL="37ZWZ" authority="Harrath &amp; Sluys" authorityName="Harrath &amp; Sluys" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,579,1670,1696]" family="Dugesiidae" genus="Dugesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tubqalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193E2929FF58F977284EA9E9" bold="true" box="[151,353,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Dugesia tubqalis</emphasis>
Harrath &amp; Sluys
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,
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C326654C193E2929FF58F93C2B6FA889" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5193E2929FF58F93C2856A9AF" bold="true" box="[151,377,1741,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Material examined</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7193E2929FF58F9002BEBA867" blockId="1.[151,1436,1741,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9A193E2929FF58F9002BEBA867" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3337344306" collectingDate="2009-12-23" collectionCode="ZMA, V, A, H" country="Morocco" county="Marrakech" location="Imlil" municipality="Toubkal Mountains" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54878865193E2929FF58F900282CA840" box="[151,259,1777,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FEDFF9002861A840" box="[272,334,1777,1801]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FE98F9002843A840" box="[343,364,1777,1801]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.Pl. 6905.1,
<location id="8EE3601C193E2929FE3CF9002B06A840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA:8EE3601C193E2929FE3CF9002B06A840" box="[499,553,1777,1801]" country="Morocco" county="Marrakech" municipality="Toubkal Mountains" name="Imlil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Imlil</location>
and
<location id="8EE3601C193E2929FDA3F9002BEBA840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA:8EE3601C193E2929FDA3F9002BEBA840" box="[620,708,1777,1801]" country="Morocco" county="Marrakech" municipality="Toubkal Mountains" name="Taddert" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Taddert</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE7ACBD193E2929FD1DF9002A9EA840" box="[722,945,1777,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Toubkal Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E24E4B193E2929FC71F9002D15A840" box="[958,1082,1777,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Marrakech</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32B7657193E2929FB88F9032D80A840" box="[1095,1199,1778,1801]" name="Morocco" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Morocco</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF821007193E2929FB73F9002CB7A840" box="[1212,1432,1777,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2009-12-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC6E9EF193E2929FB73F9002CB7A840" box="[1212,1432,1777,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2009-12-23">23 December 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FF00F8E729C9A867" box="[207,230,1814,1838]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FF3EF8E62827A867" box="[241,264,1815,1838]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. Harrath, sagittal sections on 18 slides.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193E2929FF08F8CA2DAFA83E" blockId="1.[151,1436,1741,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9A193E2929FF08F8CA2A84A81B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3337344315" box="[199,939,1850,1875]" collectionCode="ZMA, V" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54878865193E2929FF08F8CA2817A81A" box="[199,312,1851,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FE8CF8CB28AEA81B" box="[323,385,1850,1874]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FE45F8CB28B0A81B" box="[394,415,1850,1874]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.Pl. 6905.2, ibid., sagittal sections on 18 slides
</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FC78F8CB2AE3A81B" box="[951,972,1850,1874]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.Pl. 6905.3, sagittal sections on 16 slides;
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FF58F8AE2983A83E" box="[151,172,1887,1911]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.Pl. 6905.4, horizontal sections on 6 slides;
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FD40F8AE2B8BA83E" box="[655,676,1887,1911]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.Pl. 6905.5, horizontal sections on 8 slides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193E2929FF08F8722B6FA889" blockId="1.[151,1436,1741,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Other material:
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9A193E2929FEB1F8722C62A8D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3337344302" box="[382,1357,1923,1947]" collectingDate="2009-12-23" collectionCode="ZMA, V" country="Morocco" location="Taddert" municipality="Toubkal Marrakech" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FEB1F8722893A8D2" box="[382,444,1923,1947]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FE09F87528F5A8D2" box="[454,474,1924,1947]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
Pl. 6906.1,
<location id="8EE3601C193E2929FDA5F8722BEDA8D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA:8EE3601C193E2929FDA5F8722BEDA8D2" box="[618,706,1923,1947]" country="Morocco" municipality="Toubkal Marrakech" name="Taddert" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Taddert</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE7ACBD193E2929FD1FF8722A9EA8D2" box="[720,945,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Toubkal Marrakech</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32B7657193E2929FC70F8752D08A8D2" box="[959,1063,1924,1947]" name="Morocco" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Morocco</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FF821007193E2929FBFAF8722C3CA8D2" box="[1077,1299,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2009-12-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC6E9EF193E2929FBFAF8722C3CA8D2" box="[1077,1299,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2009-12-23">23 December 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9A193E2929FA94F8722B13A889" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3337344310" collectionCode="A, H" country="Morocco" location="Harrath" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FA94F8722C5DA8D2" box="[1371,1394,1923,1947]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193E2929FA4EF8752CB7A8D2" box="[1409,1432,1924,1947]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8EE3601C193E2929FF58F85929C0A889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1193E292BFF58F97729E5A9BA:8EE3601C193E2929FF58F85929C0A889" box="[151,239,1960,1984]" country="Morocco" name="Harrath" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Harrath</location>
, sagittal sections on 19 slides
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C326654C193D292AFF58FF692D6CAFBE" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<heading id="D0CB81AB193D292AFF58FF692837AFF9" bold="true" box="[151,280,152,176]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58FF692837AFF9" bold="true" box="[151,280,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FF4D2D6CAFBE" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The specific epithet is derived from the Berber name
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFD28FF4D2A1AAF9D" box="[743,821,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tubqal</emphasis>
for the highest peak in the Atlas Mountains (over
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFAABFF4D299EAFBE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
). It is located at approximately
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFDDDFF2E2B76AFBE" box="[530,601,223,247]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
from Marrakesh city, in southern
<collectingCountry id="F32B7657193D292AFC19FF112D10AFBE" box="[982,1087,224,247]" name="Morocco" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Morocco</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C326654C193D292AFF58FED62B60AE86" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FED629DCAE09" blockId="2.[151,1436,295,463]" box="[151,243,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0CB81AB193D292AFF58FED629DCAE09" bold="true" box="[151,243,295,320]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58FED629DCAE09" bold="true" box="[151,243,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FEBD2B60AE86" blockId="2.[151,1436,295,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Specimens were collected from two springs in the Toubkal Mountains. The first one, Imlil spring (
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000193D292AFB37FEBD2981AECE" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="45.06" value="31.129183">31° 07’45.06’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000193D292AFF76FE9E284DAECE" box="[185,354,367,391]" degrees="7" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="33.32" value="7.975922">7° 58’33.32’’E</geoCoordinate>
), is situated at an altitude of
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFD6DFE9E2BD5AECE" box="[674,762,367,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.702" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="1702.0">1702 m</quantity>
. The second spring, Taddart (30° 59’56 16’’
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02193D292AFB2BFE9E2DD2AECE" box="[1252,1277,367,391]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
, 8° 27’64’’E), is situated in a very cold and snowy zone, at an altitude of
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFCE7FE652A52AEE2" box="[808,893,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.164" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="2164.0">2164 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13072A42193D292AFC41FE652AE4AEE5" box="[910,971,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[201,1404,515,1370]" captionTargetId="figure-349@2.[181,1405,485,1383]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributional records in Northern Africa of the species studied in this paper." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5247951/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig.1</figureCitation>
). We did not observe any other macroinvertebrates associated with the triclads.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF43664F193D292AFF58FA882D7DAAD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247951" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5247951" box="[151,1106,1401,1425]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5247951/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[151,255,1401,1425]" targetBox="[201,1404,515,1370]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FA882D7DAAD8" blockId="2.[151,1106,1401,1425]" box="[151,1106,1401,1425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58FA882836AAD8" bold="true" box="[151,281,1401,1425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Distributional records in Northern Africa of the species studied in this paper.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C326654C193D292AFF58FA3129C5A921" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FA312825AA90" blockId="2.[151,1436,1472,1640]" box="[151,266,1472,1497]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0CB81AB193D292AFF58FA312825AA90" bold="true" box="[151,266,1472,1497]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58FA312825AA90" bold="true" box="[151,266,1472,1497]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58FA1429C5A921" blockId="2.[151,1436,1472,1640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193D292AFF58FA14287AAAB4" authorityName="Harrath &amp; Sluys" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,341,1509,1533]" family="Dugesiidae" genus="Dugesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tubqalis">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58FA14287AAAB4" box="[151,341,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dugesia tubqalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by: an elongated penis and muscular penis bulb surrounded with two penial folds at its base, the dorsal one bigger than the ventral; an atrium divided by a kind of non-muscular ridge into a male and a common atrium; a terminal expansion of the ejaculatory duct just before it opens at the tip of the penis papilla.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C326654C193D292BFF58F96929E5A9BA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58F969280EA9F8" blockId="2.[151,1437,1688,2036]" box="[151,289,1688,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0CB81AB193D292AFF58F969280EA9F8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1688,1713]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193D292AFF58F969280EA9F8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1688,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF58F94D2B14A855" blockId="2.[151,1437,1688,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The largest specimen measured in life up to
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFD4AF94D2BFCA99D" box="[645,723,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="4CC49B22193D292AFCBCF94D2A9DA99D" box="[883,946,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
in width. The dorsal surface is densely pigmented, while the ventral surface is paler, as pigmentation is less dense. Head of low triangular form with two eyes set in pigment free-patches. (
<figureCitation id="13072A42193D292AFE13F8F52B02A855" box="[476,557,1796,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1402,1426]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,424,1357]" captionTargetId="figure-331@3.[151,1436,411,1381]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cephalic ends of Dugesia tubqalis (a), Dugesia sicula (b), Schmidtea polychroa (c), Polycelis nigra (d), Polycelis felina (e). Scale bar: 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5247953/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292AFF08F8D92A63A82D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1688,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The pharynx is situated at the middle of the body. It measures approximately one-third of the total body length and shows the usual planariid arrangement of its musculature.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193D292BFF08F8812A86AE2D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1688,2036]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The numerous testes are situated dorsally, extending from anterior to the ovaries to almost the end of the tail. The two large vasa deferentia run ventrally, but after having entered the penis bulb they curve antero-dorsally and narrow before separately opening into the posterior section of the seminal vesicle. The latter opens via a short diaphragm into the proximal, funnel-shaped section of the ejaculatory duct. This broad ejaculatory duct runs a slightly ventrally displaced course through the penis papilla, opening terminally at its tip. Just before opening at the tip, the ejaculatory duct forms a terminal expansion. The ejaculatory duct is surrounded by a layer of circular muscle. The cone-shaped and slightly asymmetrical penis papilla is covered with a thin, nucleated epithelium that is underlain with a layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal fibres. The semispherical and muscular penis bulb consists of intermingled longitudinal and circular muscle fibres. There are two distinct penial folds, with the one dorsally to the penis being bigger than the ventral (
<figureCitation id="13072A42193C292BFCE5FEBD2AB4AE2D" box="[810,923,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox="[201,1334,188,1711]" captionTargetId="figure-112@4.[170,1417,159,1798]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dugesia tubqalis (Holotype, V. Pl. 6905.1): (a) microphotograph of the copulatory apparatus, (b) sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5247955/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs.3a, b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF43664F193C292BFF58FA8B2B33AAFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5247953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5247953/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[151,255,1402,1426]" targetBox="[181,1416,424,1357]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193C292BFF58FA8B2B33AAFB" blockId="3.[151,1436,1402,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFF58FA8B2834AADB" bold="true" box="[151,283,1402,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Cephalic ends of
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193C292BFE29FA8A2BB1AADB" authorityName="Harrath &amp; Sluys" authorityYear="2012" box="[486,670,1403,1426]" family="Dugesiidae" genus="Dugesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tubqalis">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFE29FA8A2BB1AADB" box="[486,670,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dugesia tubqalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a),
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193C292BFD1BFA8A2A58AADB" authorityName="Lepori" authorityYear="1948" box="[724,887,1403,1426]" family="Dugesiidae" genus="Dugesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sicula">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFD1BFA8A2A58AADB" box="[724,887,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dugesia sicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(b),
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193C292BFC61FA8A2DBDAADB" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[942,1170,1403,1426]" family="Dugesiidae" genus="Schmidtea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polychroa">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFC61FA8A2DBDAADB" box="[942,1170,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Schmidtea polychroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(c),
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193C292BFB07FA8A2C42AADB" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1224,1389,1403,1426]" family="Planariidae" genus="Polycelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFB07FA8A2C42AADB" box="[1224,1389,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Polycelis nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(d),
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44193C292BFF58FA6A2813AAFB" baseAuthorityName="Dalyell" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,316,1435,1458]" family="Planariidae" genus="Polycelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="felina">
<emphasis id="B948EAD5193C292BFF58FA6A2813AAFB" box="[151,316,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Polycelis felina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e). Scale bar: 1mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193C292BFF08FA2E2843A92A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1503,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The ovaries are of normal size and are situated ventrally, close to the brain. The oviducts arise from the postero-dorsal side of the ovaries and run ventrally above the ventral nerve cords to a level posterior to the copulatory apparatus. At this level the oviducts turn towards the dorsal side and open separately, but symmetrically, at the base of the bursal canal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8336C7193C292BFF08F99E29E5A9BA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1503,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The large copulatory bursa is surrounded by a thin layer of longitudinal muscles. The bursal canal widens before communicating with the common atrium. The bursal canal is lined with a relatively thick, nucleated epithelium and is covered with a thin layer of longitudinal muscles, followed by a relatively thick layer of circular muscles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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