453 lines
54 KiB
XML
453 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="59D502465A62F7C41A839C5D378F8FDA" ID-CLB-Dataset="45302" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3827.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bc6acb5-c294-4c69-838e-954670dbbdfd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250629" ID-ZooBank="D9AEB652-345E-4BB2-8CBD-A3FB4F92C733" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460448736965" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cumming, Robyn L. & Tilbrook, Kevin J." docDate="2014" docId="64480F01FFF32775FF04B05AFD93FBDF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03827p169.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3827 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Calyptotheca wasinensis Waters 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="152" masterDocId="98717779FFF12770FF93B750FF95FF88" masterDocTitle="Six species of Calyptotheca (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Lanceoporidae) from the Gulf of Carpentaria and northern Australia, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="169" masterPageNumber="147" pageNumber="149" updateTime="1698338040014" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="16E7B96C5BF8D7E44F5373758137F712">Six species of Calyptotheca (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Lanceoporidae) from the Gulf of Carpentaria and northern Australia, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EA310FB9DADFD92E29AFC57EBA2F223A">Cumming, Robyn L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E30D0BB097C0C54BD5EF5F95C60F5B9A">Tilbrook, Kevin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F2B60A1B0B84632D3B2AEDDD02BDEE1F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4CA753508AA950A8584AA745672B1955">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ADB279E417A5F058C764BA32EDB71783">
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<mods:date id="5652C379A5A8DA3E6B78C48D47AFA39D">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3F50FEFED23F8D481572C74A48E91F6D">3827</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="38F0B1F6C491481E913B59ECCE7E7C8F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3827.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="64480F01FFF32775FF04B05AFD93FBDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6126943" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6126943" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:64480F01FFF32775FF04B05AFD93FBDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/64480F01FFF32775FF04B05AFD93FBDF" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF32772FF04B05AFEFDF8CE" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF32772FF04B05AFDEEF8AD" blockId="2.[151,635,1802,1862]" box="[151,635,1802,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="B716097BFFF32772FF04B05AFDEEF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,635,1802,1829]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FF04B05AFDEEF8AD" ID-CoL="5X98M" authority="Waters, 1913" authorityName="Waters" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,635,1802,1829]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
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<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FF04B05AFDEEF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,635,1802,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FF04B05AFE2BF8AC" bold="true" box="[151,446,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FE5EB05BFDE6F8AD" author="Waters" box="[461,627,1803,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Waters, A. W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 - 1902. Bryozoa-Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458 - 537. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06141. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1913">Waters, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF32772FF04B07DFEFDF8CE" blockId="2.[151,635,1802,1862]" box="[151,360,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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(
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<figureCitation id="74DAA292FFF32772FF0DB07DFF6BF8CE" box="[158,254,1837,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1455]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1466]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Calyptotheca wasinensis (Waters, 1913) (MTQ G 26409). A, general view of autozooids and ovicellate zooids; B, autozooid; C, autozooids and one ovicellate zooid—note the suboral umbo more pronounced on ovicellate zooids, and the slightly larger proximal avicularia; D, primary orifice." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250630/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="A1638BACFFF32772FE9FB07DFEC8F8CE" box="[268,349,1837,1862]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetBox="[159,1279,1030,1579]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurement (mm) and count data for Calyptotheca wasinensis (MTQ G 26409)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" tableUuid="B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF32772FF04B025FBA5F86F" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF32772FF04B025FCE8F803" blockId="2.[151,1435,1909,2023]" box="[151,893,1909,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCF19939FFF32772FF04B025FCE8F803" box="[151,893,1909,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FF04B025FECBF803" box="[151,350,1909,1931]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
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<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FF04B025FECBF803" box="[151,350,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">Schizoporella nivea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FEF7B026FD2AF803" authority="Waters, 1913: 504" authorityName="Waters" authorityPageNumber="504" authorityYear="1913" box="[356,703,1909,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" rank="variety" variety="wasinensis">
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var.
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<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FE03B026FE6BF803" box="[400,510,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">wasinensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FD97B026FD2AF803" author="Waters" box="[516,703,1909,1931]" page="504" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="1913">
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FD97B026FD19F803" author="Waters" box="[516,652,1909,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Waters, A. W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 - 1902. Bryozoa-Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458 - 537. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06141. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1913">Waters, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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: 504
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 535, pl. 70, fig. 1.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF32772FF04B0C4FC65F840" blockId="2.[151,1435,1909,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCF19939FFF32772FF04B0C4FC65F840" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FF04B0C4FDF8F822" ID-CoL="5X98M" authority="Harmer 1957: 1017" authorityName="Harmer" authorityPageNumber="1017" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,621,1940,1962]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FF04B0C4FE07F822" box="[151,402,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FE31B0C5FDF8F822" author="Harmer" box="[418,621,1940,1962]" page="1017" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="1957">
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FE31B0C5FDB9F822" author="Harmer" box="[418,556,1940,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1017
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 68, figs 15, 20, 21, 24, 32, 33;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FC49B0C4FA8FF822" author="Winston" box="[986,1306,1940,1962]" page="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FC49B0C4FB61F822" author="Winston" box="[986,1268,1940,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Winston, J. A. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston & Heimberg 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 18
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 41, 42;
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<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FF54B0E2FE6DF840" author="Amui" box="[199,504,1970,1992]" page="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FF54B0E2FE46F840" author="Amui" box="[199,467,1970,1992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Amui, A. & Kaselowsky, J. (2006) Bryozoa from the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Part I: collections from the fifth expedition of the R. V. Meteor. Fauna of Arabia, 22, 7 - 22." type="journal article" year="2006">Amui & Kaselowski 2006</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 16
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 15, 16;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FDEFB0E2FCD3F840" author="Liu" box="[636,838,1970,1992]" page="157" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FDEFB0E2FC80F840" author="Liu" box="[636,789,1970,1992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Liu, X., Yin, X. & Ma, J. (2001) Biology of Marine-fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Science Press, Beijing, China, 860 pp., 82 pls." type="book" year="2001">
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||
Liu
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||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FD36B0E3FD4CF840" box="[677,729,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">et al.</emphasis>
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2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 157
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 63, figs 4–6.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF32772FF04B082FBA5F86F" blockId="2.[151,1435,1909,2023]" box="[151,1072,2001,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCF19939FFF32772FF04B082FBA5F86F" box="[151,1072,2001,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
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Not
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||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FF50B081FDE9F86F" ID-CoL="5X98M" authority="Hirose 2010: 117" authorityName="Hirose" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="2010" box="[195,636,2001,2023]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FF50B081FE2BF86F" box="[195,446,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="6D409806FFF32772FE5FB081FDE9F86F" author="Hirose" box="[460,636,2001,2023]" page="117" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF32772FE5FB081FDD9F86F" author="Hirose" box="[460,588,2001,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" refString="Hirose, M. (2010) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa (Gymnolaemata) from Sagami Bay, with notes on bryozoan diversity and faunal changes over the past 130 years. Dissertation, Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, 177 pp., 261 pls." type="book" year="2010">Hirose 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 117
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 201, figs A–E (
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF32772FCD0B081FBB5F86F" box="[835,1056,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="149">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF32772FCDEB081FBB5F86F" ID-CoL="Q6Z5" box="[845,1056,2001,2023]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="149" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="conica">Calyptotheca conica</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF22773FF04B7C7FC1AFEB7" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF04B7C7FBE8FF27" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[151,1149,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF04B7C7FE15FF38" bold="true" box="[151,384,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FE14B7C7FD8AFF38" box="[391,543,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Bryomol Reef</emphasis>
|
||
: MTQ G26409,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FD4EB7C7FCFBFF38" box="[733,878,151,176]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="-16.52755">16°31.653' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FCE9B7C7FB89FF27" box="[890,1052,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="139.90982">139°54.589' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FBB4B7C7FBECFF27" box="[1063,1145,151,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="36.5">36.5 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B7ECFE11FF7F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF54B7ECFE30FF5C" box="[199,421,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">South-eastern GoC</emphasis>
|
||
: MTQ G26410,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FDE6B7ECFC98FF5C" box="[629,781,188,213]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="-16.615417">16°36.925' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FCB3B7ECFC5DFF5C" box="[800,968,188,213]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="140.55931">140°33.559' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FC48B7ECFBA6FF5C" box="[987,1075,188,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="19.5">19.5 m</quantity>
|
||
; MTQ G26411,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FB6CB7ECFA02FF5C" box="[1279,1431,188,213]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="-16.611116">16°36.667' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FF04B78FFEADFF7F" box="[151,312,223,248]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="1" value="140.56598">140°33.959' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAE7759EFFF22773FED7B7B0FE11FF7F" box="[324,388,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" type="generic">
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<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FED7B7B0FE15FF7F" box="[324,384,224,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B654FC1AFEB7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF54B654FDA4FE94" box="[199,561,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Beagle Gulf, Northern Territory</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="8AF026D2FFF22773FDD2B654FD3DFE94" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" box="[577,680,260,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34986" name="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">MAGNT</collectionCode>
|
||
G130, between Channel Point and North Peron
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF22773FB42B654FA8DFE95" box="[1233,1304,260,285]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FAB6B654FA02FE94" box="[1317,1431,260,285]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="55" value="-13.154">13.154° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="89D5D8D0FFF22773FF04B678FE8DFEB7" box="[151,280,296,320]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" precision="55" value="130.092">130.092° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="985F98D7FFF22773FEB0B678FE41FEC8" box="[291,468,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" value="1993-10-03">3 October 1993</date>
|
||
, gravel encrusted with barnacles,
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAE7759EFFF22773FCDCB678FC1AFEB7" box="[847,911,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FCDCB678FC1EFEB7" box="[847,907,296,320]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF22773FF54B61CFD71FC2C" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B61CFDCAFD90" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF54B61CFECCFEED" bold="true" box="[199,345,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony originally encrusting, forming a foliaceous, anastomosing network of bilaminar, wavy sheets, colour cream when dried or in ethanol. Autozooids usually rectangular, sometimes irregularly polygonal, in alternating series (c. 0.4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FE2DB6C4FDB1FE24" box="[446,548,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="A1638BACFFF22773FDBCB6C4FD15FE24" box="[559,640,404,429]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetBox="[159,1279,1030,1579]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurement (mm) and count data for Calyptotheca wasinensis (MTQ G 26409)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" tableUuid="B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Frontal shield flattened to slightly convex, with rounded pseudopores (average 19 per zooid), each separated by more than width of a pseudopore, sometimes quite sparse, extending to zooid margins, absent proximal to orifice. Interzooidal boundaries marked by thin, continuous, sinuous sutures that may be obscured by marginal avicularia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B574FEC9FD0D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
Primary orifice rounded, slightly wider than long (c. 0.11 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FCCCB574FC53FDB4" box="[863,966,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), lunula restricted to distal edge of orifice, poster with wide, shallow sinus, condyles small, rounded, not serrate. Distinct suboral umbo, most pronounced on ovicellate zooids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B5DFFB8BFCB0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
Adventitious avicularia small, oval to rounded-subtriangular (c. 0.07 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FC71B5DFFBDCFD20" box="[994,1097,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
), marginal, appearing to lie on interzooidal boundaries and in both distal and both proximal angles of each zooid, directed medially, proximomedially or distomedially; those in proximal angles sometimes slightly larger and wider distally, angled frontally and directed toward, sometimes impinging on, orifice of preceding zooid; opesia semi-elliptical proximally, semicircular distally, crossbar complete. Vicarious avicularia absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B414FD71FC2C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
Ovicell subimmersed, wider than long (c. 0.3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FD7AB414FCD1FCD4" box="[745,836,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with pseudopores of similar size to those of frontal shield but in greater density, usually crossed by Y-shaped suture lines. Orifice dimorphism, ovicellate orifice wider than autozooid orifice (c. 0.14 vs
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FD9CB4DCFDE3FC2C" box="[527,630,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="A1638BACFFF22773FD11B4DCFD46FC2C" box="[642,723,908,933]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetBox="[159,1279,1030,1579]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurement (mm) and count data for Calyptotheca wasinensis (MTQ G 26409)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" tableUuid="B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" ID-Table-UUID="B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" box="[151,1138,979,1003]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B89EEE9FFFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" targetBox="[159,1279,1030,1579]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF04B484FBE7FC63" blockId="3.[151,1138,979,1003]" box="[151,1138,979,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF04B484FE9FFC63" bold="true" box="[151,266,980,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurement (mm) and count data for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF22773FD21B483FC2FFC63" box="[690,954,979,1003]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FD21B483FC2FFC63" box="[690,954,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MTQ G26409).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF0CB31EFB6AF9A3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<table id="9EE14CB7FFF2D88FFF0CB356FB6AF9A3" box="[159,1279,1030,1579]" gridcols="4" gridrows="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<tr id="52D1BC55FFF2D88FFF0CB356FB6AFBEC" box="[159,1279,1030,1124]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFF0CB356FDAAFBEC" box="[159,575,1030,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Zooid length</th>
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFD36B356FD4AFBEC" box="[677,735,1030,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Mean 0.384</th>
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFC18B356FC7AFBEC" box="[907,1007,1030,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Standard Deviation 0.040</th>
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFBADB356FB6AFBEC" box="[1086,1279,1030,1124]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Range N 0.318–0.437 10</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52D1BC55FFF2D88FFF0CB328FB6AFB68" box="[159,1279,1144,1248]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFF0CB328FDAAFB68" box="[159,575,1144,1248]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Zooid width Autozooid orifice length Autozooid orifice width</th>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFD36B328FD4AFB68" box="[677,735,1144,1248]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.257 0.109 0.122</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFC18B328FC7AFB68" box="[907,1007,1144,1248]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.023 0.006 0.003</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFBADB328FB6AFB68" box="[1086,1279,1144,1248]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.229–0.300 10 0.010–0.120 10 0.117–0.126 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52D1BC55FFF2D88FFF0CB3A4FB6AFAD4" box="[159,1279,1268,1372]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFF0CB3A4FDAAFAD4" box="[159,575,1268,1372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Adventitious avicularium length Adventitious avicularium width Diameter of perforations in frontal shield</th>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFD36B3A4FD4AFAD4" box="[677,735,1268,1372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.067 0.054 0.013</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFC18B3A4FC7AFAD4" box="[907,1007,1268,1372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.010 0.009 0.002</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFBADB3A4FB6AFAD4" box="[1086,1279,1268,1372]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.056–0.084 10 0.042–0.065 10 0.011–0.015 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52D1BC55FFF2D88FFF0CB220FB6AFA50" box="[159,1279,1392,1496]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFF0CB220FDAAFA50" box="[159,575,1392,1496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Number of perforations in frontal shield Ovicell length Ovicell width</th>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFD36B220FD4AFA50" box="[677,735,1392,1496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">18.70 0.279 0.364</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFC18B220FC7AFA50" box="[907,1007,1392,1496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">4.24 0.012 0.014</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFBADB220FB6AFA50" box="[1086,1279,1392,1496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">12–27 10 0.265–0.300 10 0.341–0.382 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52D1BC55FFF2D88FFF0CB2BCFB6AF9A3" box="[159,1279,1516,1579]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<th id="1100D529FFF2D88FFF0CB2BCFDAAF9A3" box="[159,575,1516,1579]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Ovicellate orifice length Ovicellate orifice width</th>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFD36B2BCFD4AF9A3" box="[677,735,1516,1579]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.099 0.140</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFC18B2BCFC7AF9A3" box="[907,1007,1516,1579]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.009 0.004</td>
|
||
<td id="1100D529FFF2D88FFBADB2BCFB6AF9A3" box="[1086,1279,1516,1579]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">0.093–0.106 2 0.134–0.147 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF22775FF54B13CFD56FC08" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF22773FF54B13CFCB3F808" blockId="3.[151,1436,1644,1920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FF54B13CFEAEF90D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1644,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF22773FED1B13CFDCDF90C" box="[322,600,1644,1669]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FED1B13CFDCDF90C" box="[322,600,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by its bilaminate foliaceous growth form and zooids with small, oval avicularia along the zooidal margins in each angle. The often alternating series of zooids leads to the appearance of each zooid having four avicularia along each side.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF22773FC1EB1E4FB30F944" box="[909,1189,1716,1741]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FC1EB1E4FB30F944" box="[909,1189,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF22773FA11B1E5FF77F978" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FA11B1E5FF77F978" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">C. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also has numerous oval avicularia along the margins but is unilaminar, its growth form encrusting or conical, with large, bilobed condyles, large vicarious avicularia and hooks projecting basally.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF22773FA95B1ACFE08F8B0" authority="Harmer, 1957" authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1957" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="fossulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF22773FA95B1ACFF69F8B0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Calyptotheca fossulata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF22773FE90B070FE08F8B0" author="Harmer" box="[259,413,1823,1848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF22773FE71B04FFDDAF8B0" box="[482,591,1823,1848]" name="Indonesia" pageId="3" pageNumber="150">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
also has numerous marginal avicularia, which may form nearly continuous rows, but its zooids are approximately three times larger (c. 1.25 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF22773FC17B014FC79F8D4" box="[900,1004,1860,1885]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with much larger orifices, only slight orificial dimorphism and no suboral umbo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF22773FDECB038FC8CF808" author="Harmer" box="[639,793,1895,1920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B89EEE9FFFF52774FF04B283FD29F9AE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250630/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1455]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF52774FF04B283FD29F9AE" blockId="4.[151,1436,1491,1574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FF04B283FE86FA60" bold="true" box="[151,275,1491,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FE89B283FD27FA61" authority="Waters, 1913" authorityName="Waters" authorityYear="1913" box="[282,690,1491,1513]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FE89B283FD80FA61" box="[282,533,1491,1513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Waters, 1913)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MTQ G26409).
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FCF4B283FCECFA60" bold="true" box="[871,889,1491,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">A</emphasis>
|
||
, general view of autozooids and ovicellate zooids;
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FA17B283FA00FA60" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1491,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">B</emphasis>
|
||
, autozooid;
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FE98B2A1FE88F98F" bold="true" box="[267,285,1521,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">C</emphasis>
|
||
, autozooids and one ovicellate zooid—note the suboral umbo more pronounced on ovicellate zooids, and the slightly larger proximal avicularia;
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FE6EB140FD9AF9AD" bold="true" box="[509,527,1552,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">D</emphasis>
|
||
, primary orifice.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF52774FF54B11DFC42F8B6" blockId="4.[151,1436,1613,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF52774FF54B11DFECEF9EE" author="Busk" box="[199,347,1613,1638]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" refString="Busk, G. (1884) Report on the Polyzoa collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Part 1. The Cheilostomata. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. " Challenger ", Zoology, 10 (30), xxiv, 1 - 216, 36 pls." type="journal article" year="1884">Busk (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FE76B11DFD5FF9ED" box="[485,714,1613,1638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FE76B11DFD5FF9ED" box="[485,714,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">Schizoporella nivea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as unilaminar, foliaceous, milk-white in colour, and noted ‘elevations’ at each distal angle—i.e. the adventitious avicularia. We examined SEM images of two of Busk’s (1884)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FF7FB1C6FEDCF925" box="[236,329,1686,1709]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FF7FB1C6FEDCF925" box="[236,329,1686,1709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">S. nivea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens (courtesy of M. Spencer-Jones, NHMUK), including one from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="335A00B5FFF52774FB71B1C6FA87F926" box="[1250,1298,1686,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF52774FF04B1E9FEB3F95A" box="[151,294,1721,1746]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(NHMUK 1887.12.9.652 [Cape of Good Hope], NHMUK 1887.12.9.663 [Simons Bay]). These differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FF44B18EFEE6F97D" box="[215,371,1758,1781]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FF44B18EFEE6F97D" box="[215,371,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">C. wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the GoC in the following characters: zooids almost twice the dimensions (c. 0.7 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF52774FAEAB18DFF52F892" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), much larger orifices (c. 0.15 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF52774FDD5B052FD3AF892" box="[582,687,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and umbones either small or absent. Whilst zooid size can vary within colonies, orificial size and shape are relatively invariant characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF52775FF54B01AFD88FE94" blockId="4.[151,1436,1613,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF52774FF54B01AFEF2F8EA" author="Waters" box="[199,359,1866,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. 12. The Bryozoa. Part 1. Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology) London, 31, 123 - 181." type="journal article" year="1909">Waters (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FE77B019FD56F8EA" box="[484,707,1865,1890]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FE77B019FD56F8EA" box="[484,707,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">Schizoporella nivea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FD5FB01AFCEBF8EA" box="[716,894,1865,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" rank="variety" variety="millanensis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FD6DB019FCEBF8EA" box="[766,894,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">millanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Red Sea with two very small circular avicularia at the distal angles and a broad ‘spathulate’ avicularium at one of the proximal angles.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF52774FB7EB03EFA09F80E" author="Dumont" box="[1261,1436,1902,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" refString="Dumont, J. P. C. (1981) A report on the cheilostome Bryozoa of the Sudanese Red Sea. Journal of Natural History, 15, 623 - 637. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938100770441" type="journal article" year="1981">Dumont (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted several such specimens from the Sudanese Red Sea, including one in which the avicularium covered most of the frontal shield.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF52774FEF9B0E6FD81F846" author="Harmer" box="[362,532,1973,1998]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the large spatulate avicularium to be a ‘slightly enlarged’ ‘sutural’ avicularium, not indicative of a separate species, and placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FCDDB08AFC3CF87A" box="[846,937,2010,2034]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FCDDB08AFC3CF87A" box="[846,937,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">S. nivea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF52774FC21B08AFBF1F87A" box="[946,1124,2009,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="151" rank="variety" variety="millanensis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF52774FC77B089FBF1F87A" box="[996,1124,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="151">millanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into junior synonymy with
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FF04B7C7FE22FF38" box="[151,439,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FF04B7C7FE26FF38" box="[151,435,151,176]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">Calyptotheca wasinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Some of the proximal avicularia in the GoC specimens are indeed slightly larger than others (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74DAA292FFF42775FF7EB7ECFEA4FF5C" box="[237,305,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1455]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1466]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Calyptotheca wasinensis (Waters, 1913) (MTQ G 26409). A, general view of autozooids and ovicellate zooids; B, autozooid; C, autozooids and one ovicellate zooid—note the suboral umbo more pronounced on ovicellate zooids, and the slightly larger proximal avicularia; D, primary orifice." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250630/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), but none approach the very large size of those of the Red Sea specimens, and we have not seen evidence of an intermediate form.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FDB4B78FFC92FF70" box="[551,775,223,248]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="nivea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FDB4B78FFC92FF70" box="[551,775,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Schizoporella nivea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FC83B7B0FC57FF70" box="[784,962,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" rank="variety" variety="millanensis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FCD0B78FFC57FF70" box="[835,962,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">millanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is therefore here taken out of synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FF5CB655FD8CFE94" authority="Waters, 1913" authorityName="Waters" authorityYear="1913" box="[207,537,260,284]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FF5CB655FEFCFE94" box="[207,361,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">C. wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FEEBB654FD84FE94" author="Waters" box="[376,529,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Waters, A. W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 - 1902. Bryozoa-Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458 - 537. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06141. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1913">Waters, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF42775FF54B677FB3BFDE8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">
|
||
Several characters appear to be quite variable within and between colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FBD9B678FB73FEC8" box="[1098,1254,296,320]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FBD9B678FB73FEC8" box="[1098,1254,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">C. wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: colony growth form (encrusting vs bilaminar, wavy sheets), autozooid size and shape, presence and size of the suboral umbo and the number of avicularia per zooid.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FDBAB620FD45FE00" author="Harmer" box="[553,720,367,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted considerable variation in some of these characters within single colonies, in particular that younger zooids were sometimes longer and flatter, with no umbo and only two avicularia, while older zooids tended to be smaller and more convex with an umbo and numerous lateral avicularia on the sutural lines.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FE1BB68DFDA7FE7D" author="Harmer" box="[392,562,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the growth form as loosely encrusting, becoming wavy bilaminar plates when fully developed, with a ‘hemescharan’ (unilaminar) form also common on hydroids and other objects, at first encrusting and later tubular. He noted a strong suboral umbo on a small proportion of fertile orifices only, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FF69B518FE0DFDE8" author="Waters" box="[250,408,584,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Waters, A. W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 - 1902. Bryozoa-Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458 - 537. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06141. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1913">Waters (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the strong umbo as a distinctive feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FC6EB518FB3FFDE8" box="[1021,1194,584,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" rank="variety" variety="wasinensis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FBBEB519FB3FFDE8" box="[1069,1194,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF42775FF54B53CFD56FC08" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FF54B53CFDC7FD0C" author="Winston" box="[199,594,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Winston, J. A. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="p">Winston & Heimberg (1986, p. 18)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FC1CB53CFC69FD0D" box="[911,1020,620,645]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
with encrusting growth form, longer zooids (
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FF63B5DFFEECFD2F" box="[240,377,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FE31B5C0FDBEFD20" box="[418,555,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and larger orifice than the GoC specimens (0.14 × 0.14 vs 0.11 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FAB4B5C0FA05FD20" box="[1319,1424,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), small suboral umbo and only two avicularia, one in each distal angle.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FC39B5E4FABFFD45" author="Amui" box="[938,1322,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Amui, A. & Kaselowsky, J. (2006) Bryozoa from the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Part I: collections from the fifth expedition of the R. V. Meteor. Fauna of Arabia, 22, 7 - 22." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="p">Amui & Kaselowsky (2006, p.16)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a specimen from the Red Sea with encrusting growth form, longer zooids (
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FBB3B587FB3AFD78" box="[1056,1199,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and similar orifice dimensions to the GoC specimens (0.10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FD16B5ACFD7AFC9C" box="[645,751,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), two distal avicularia and sometimes a third proximal oval avicularium.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FEBDB470FDE7FCB0" author="Waters" box="[302,626,799,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Waters, A. W. (1913) The marine fauna of British East Africa and Zanzibar, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 - 1902. Bryozoa-Cheilostomata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1913, 458 - 537. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06141. x" type="proceedings paper" year="1913">Waters (1913, pl. 70, fig. 1)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
figured a specimen from Wasini
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FC69B44FFBD4FCB0" box="[1018,1089,799,824]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FBDCB470FB0EFCB0" box="[1103,1179,800,824]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with a tall umbo and proximal avicularia in each angle. The GoC specimens therefore appear to resemble those from Wasini more closely than those from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FE37B437FD84FC08" box="[420,529,871,896]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
or the Red Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A4FBED9CFFF42775FF54B4DCFD93FBDF" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC5EBE17FFF42775FF54B4DCFD93FBDF" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FF54B4DCFECCFC2D" bold="true" box="[199,345,908,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FEFEB4DCFD1DFC2C" box="[365,648,908,933]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FEFEB4DCFD1DFC2C" box="[365,648,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Calyptotheca wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from Wasini
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FBCFB4DCFB36FC2D" box="[1116,1187,908,933]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FB27B4DDFA95FC2D" box="[1204,1280,909,933]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, East Africa.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FF04B4E0FEAAFC40" author="Harmer" box="[151,319,943,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 d, xv, 641 - 1147, pls. 42 - 74." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed records from across the Indian Ocean—Amirante Islands (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FBB3B4FFFB08FC40" box="[1056,1181,943,968]" name="Seychelles" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94F6FE87FFF42775FB21B4FFFAB6FC40" box="[1202,1315,943,968]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Andaman Islands, Southeast Asia including Indonesian West Papua—and it has subsequently been reported from Bali (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FF0DB4A7FE5AFB98" author="Winston" box="[158,463,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Winston, J. A. & Heimberg, B. F. (1986) Bryozoans from Bali, Lombok, and Komodo. American Museum Novitates, 2847, 1 - 49." type="journal article" year="1986">Winston & Heimberg 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Gulf of Aden (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8870C3E6FFF42775FD44B4A7FB9DFB98" author="Amui" box="[727,1032,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" refString="Amui, A. & Kaselowsky, J. (2006) Bryozoa from the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Part I: collections from the fifth expedition of the R. V. Meteor. Fauna of Arabia, 22, 7 - 22." type="journal article" year="2006">Amui & Kaselowsky 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The present record is the first from Australian territorial waters. In southeastern GoC,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BE1C594FFF42775FD45B34DFCE4FBBC" box="[726,881,1053,1076]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Lanceoporidae" genus="Calyptotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="wasinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE956205FFF42775FD45B34DFCE4FBBC" box="[726,881,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="152">C. wasinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found at Bryomol Reef at
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FB4AB34CFABEFBBC" box="[1241,1323,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="36.5">36.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, and softsediment areas at 19.5 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="FAE7759EFFF42775FE55B310FD93FBDF" box="[454,518,1088,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="2B1913F2FFF42775FE55B310FD97FBDF" box="[454,514,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="152" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |