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<mods:title id="0FB5ACF0BBB08B6DC2D99F7F12A3A1D1">Typifications and nomenclatural notes on Neotropical Balanophoraceae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="518296BF111158BBDF477F6C5B3219A5">Cardoso, Leandro Jorge Telles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1CACF7CB6D081A4D9A701C8453E05BC7">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<treatmentCitation id="6D056D55FFA0FFACF6AEFF6FFD1CFF6C" author="Liebmann, F. M." box="[136,651,160,185]" page=")" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" year="1847">
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA0FFACF6AEFF6FFD1CFF6C" ID-CoL="56JWX" authority="Liebmann (1847: 180)" authorityName="Liebmann" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1847" box="[136,651,160,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Thonningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF6AEFF6FFE1FFF6C" bold="true" box="[136,392,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Thonningia mexicana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA0FFACF7A9FF6FFD1CFF6C" author="Liebmann, F. M." box="[399,651,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" pagination="177 - 187" refId="ref3791" refString="Liebmann, F. M. (1847) Over nye rodparasiter henhorende til Balanophorernes, Cytineernes, orobanchineernes og Monotropieernes familier, samtlige Former af den mejicanske Flora. Forhandlinger vede Skandinaviske Naturforskeres 4: 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1847">Liebmann (1847: 180)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC1B4B44FFA0FFACF6B4FF09FB93FF2A" blockId="5.[146,1453,198,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF6B4FF09FF51FF0E" bold="true" box="[146,198,198,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Type</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF6F3FF09FEA6FF0E" box="[213,305,198,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, first-step designated by
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA0FFACF414FF09FD4AFF0E" author="Hansen, B." box="[562,733,198,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref3660" refString="Hansen, B. (1980) Balanophoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 23: 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1980">Hansen 1980: 68</bibRefCitation>
):—
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<collectingCountry id="94B30BD4FFA0FFACF526FF09FCF2FF0E" box="[768,869,198,219]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2E6085A6FFA0FFACF554FF09FC29FF0E" box="[882,958,198,219]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="0C7FD13EFFA0FFACF5EDFF09FBB8FF0E" box="[971,1071,198,219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Tepilongo</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
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, 1865,
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF3A6FF09FED2FF2A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA0FFACF3A6FF09FA07FF0E" box="[1408,1424,198,219]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA0FFACF3B4FF09FA3FFF0E" box="[1426,1448,198,219]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Liebmann s.n.
</emphasis>
(C-1184!; second-step
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF400FF25FD16FF2A" box="[550,641,234,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, here designated,
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF50AFF25FC37FF2A" box="[812,928,234,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
C-1195!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B8DB1BCCFFA0FFACF6AEF89CFC7DF8BD" box="[136,1002,1875,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" startId="5.[136,229,1875,1896]" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EC1B4B44FFA0FFACF6AEF89CFC7DF8BD" blockId="5.[136,1002,1875,1896]" box="[136,1002,1875,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF6AEF89CFF69F8BD" bold="true" box="[136,254,1875,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Second-step lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA0FFACF7D1F89CFD50F8BD" authorityName="Liebmann" authorityYear="1847" box="[503,711,1875,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Thonningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF7D1F89CFD50F8BD" box="[503,711,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Thonningia mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF4F3F89CFC18F8BD" box="[725,911,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">F.M. Liebmann s.n.</emphasis>
, C-1184)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EC1B4B44FFA0FFAFF6AEF857FE7FFE60" blockId="5.[136,1452,1944,2077]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,160,473]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF6AEF857FE14F864" bold="true" box="[136,387,1944,1969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Nomenclatural notes</emphasis>
:—Referring to the type of
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA0FFACF4E7F857FB94F864" authority=", Hansen (1980)" authorityName=", Hansen" authorityYear="1980" box="[705,1027,1944,1969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Thonningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF4E7F857FCDDF864" box="[705,842,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">T. mexicana</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA0FFACF57DF857FB94F864" author="Hansen, B." box="[859,1027,1944,1969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref3660" refString="Hansen, B. (1980) Balanophoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 23: 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1980">Hansen (1980)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
wrote: “Type
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF28AF857FAA9F864" box="[1196,1342,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Liebmann sn</emphasis>
,
<collectingCountry id="94B30BD4FFA0FFACF369F857FA30F864" box="[1359,1447,1944,1969]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, Tepilongo, Tonagnia, Oajaca, a lt. 3-4000 ped. (
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF4BAF873FC95F800" box="[668,770,1980,2005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA0FFACF52BF873FCB4F800" box="[781,803,1980,2005]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
)”. The Hansens typification (1980) satisfies the Arts. 7.9, 7.10 and 9.22 of the
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA0FFACF74EF82FFE0FF82C" box="[360,408,2016,2041]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">ICN</collectionCode>
and constitutes an effective
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF4F7F82FFCAFF82C" box="[721,824,2016,2041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation, but the Hansens use of the term
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF317F82FFA04F82C" box="[1329,1427,2016,2041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is an error correctable to
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA0FFACF7A5F7CBFE7DF7C8" box="[387,490,2052,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(Art. 9.9 of the
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,
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA0FFACF4F0F7CBFC26F7C8" author="McNeill, J. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Buck, W. R. &amp; Demoulin, V. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Prud'homme Van Reine, W. F. &amp; Smith, G. F. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J." box="[726,945,2052,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3890" refString="McNeill, J., Barrie, F. R., Buck, W. R., Demoulin, V., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Marhold, K., Prado, J., Prud'homme Van Reine, W. F., Smith, G. F., Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J. (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). Regnum Vegetabile 154. Koeltz Scientific Books, Melbourne, 240 pp." type="book" year="2012">
McNeill
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA0FFACF51FF7CBFCE7F7C8" box="[825,880,2052,2077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA0FFACF59DF7CBFBCCF7C8" author="McNeill, J." box="[955,1115,2052,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" pagination="1112 - 1113" refId="ref3857" refString="McNeill, J. (2014) Holotype specimens and type citations, general issues. Taxon 63: 1112 - 1113. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / 635.7" type="journal article" year="2014">McNeill 2014</bibRefCitation>
). We traced in
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA0FFACF2DAF7CBFA98F7C8" box="[1276,1295,2052,2077]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="5" pageNumber="268" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
two duplicate specimens (
<figureCitation id="749F57C1FFA3FFAFF72AFF6FFED8FF6C" box="[268,335,160,185]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1875,1896]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Second-step lectotype of Thonningia mexicana (F.M. Liebmann s.n., C-1184)" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) preserved in jars labelled C-1184 [staminate inflorescences] and C-1195 [pistillate inflorescences] referable to the gathering cited by
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA3FFAFF427FF0BFD3FFF08" author="Hansen, B." box="[513,680,196,221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref3660" refString="Hansen, B. (1980) Balanophoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 23: 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1980">Hansen (1980)</bibRefCitation>
. Thus, it is possible to consider the Hansen typification as a “first-step lectotypification”, that may be further narrowed to a single specimen by a “second-step lectotypification” according to Art. 9.17 of the
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA3FFAFF712FEC3FEFFFEF0" box="[308,360,268,293]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">ICN</collectionCode>
.
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA3FFAFF756FEC3FDA5FEF0" author="Liebmann, F. M." box="[368,562,268,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" pagination="177 - 187" refId="ref3791" refString="Liebmann, F. M. (1847) Over nye rodparasiter henhorende til Balanophorernes, Cytineernes, orobanchineernes og Monotropieernes familier, samtlige Former af den mejicanske Flora. Forhandlinger vede Skandinaviske Naturforskeres 4: 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1847">Liebmann (1847)</bibRefCitation>
mainly uses morphological features of the staminate inflorescence to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA3FFAFF6AEFEFFFE84FE9C" authorityName=", Hansen" authorityYear="1980" box="[136,275,304,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Thonningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA3FFAFF6AEFEFFFE84FE9C" box="[136,275,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">T. mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus we designate the jar C-1184, which contains several staminate inflorescences, as second-step
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA3FFAFF6AEFE9BFF65FEB8" box="[136,242,340,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Besides jar C-1195 (
<typeStatus id="331FF5E6FFA3FFAFF7C3FE9BFDE5FEB8" box="[485,626,340,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
), in the collection of herbarium
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA3FFAFF5F8FE9BFC66FEB8" box="[990,1009,340,365]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
there is a non-published color plate (
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA3FFAFF3BEFE9BFA3BFEB8" box="[1432,1452,340,365]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
barcode
<collectionCode id="8AB5D381FFA3FFAFF6CEFEB7FF6CFE44" box="[232,251,376,401]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
10014111!) (
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA3FFAFF7ACFEB7FDA9FE44" author="Hansen, B." box="[394,574,376,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref3660" refString="Hansen, B. (1980) Balanophoraceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 23: 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1980">Hansen 1980: 2</bibRefCitation>
), that is based on the original material showing all the morphological features discussed by
<bibRefCitation id="883536B5FFA3FFAFF73BFE53FE74FE60" author="Liebmann, F. M." box="[285,483,412,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" pagination="177 - 187" refId="ref3791" refString="Liebmann, F. M. (1847) Over nye rodparasiter henhorende til Balanophorernes, Cytineernes, orobanchineernes og Monotropieernes familier, samtlige Former af den mejicanske Flora. Forhandlinger vede Skandinaviske Naturforskeres 4: 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1847">Liebmann (1847)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC1B4B44FFA3FFAFF69BFE0FFB25FE0C" blockId="6.[136,1452,160,473]" box="[189,1202,448,473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA3FFAFF69BFE0FFE11FE0C" bold="true" box="[189,390,448,473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA3FFAFF78CFE0FFD0AFE0C" authorityName=", Hansen" authorityYear="1980" box="[426,669,448,473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Thonningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA3FFAFF78CFE0FFD0AFE0C" box="[426,669,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">Thonningia mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a heterotypic synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2BA430C7FFA3FFAFF5C4FE0FFB25FE0C" authority="Mart." authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1818" box="[994,1202,448,473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Langsdorffia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="6" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypogaea">
<emphasis id="DED09756FFA3FFAFF5C4FE0FFBFAFE0C" box="[994,1133,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="269">L. hypogaea</emphasis>
Mart.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>