643 lines
72 KiB
XML
643 lines
72 KiB
XML
<document id="854BC41F57676C38809793D4838BDBC4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197589" ID-GBIF-Dataset="53fca97f-1dda-43cc-b95e-2eca97fde26c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197589" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460273136847" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lavoué, Sébastien, Sullivan, John P. & Arnegard, Matthew E." docDate="2010" docId="0394455B7006B440B8BFA3EFC046D113" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02600p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2600" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Petrocephalus zakoni Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFAD3D23700EB44BB828A742C128D67C" masterDocTitle="African weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698247377879" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="DAEE17C985053954810B6D729C22E965" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C3A65E2F4C8CF97BAD1FDB40758EEDE6">
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<mods:title id="D8C7CBC459BB22E2511E585AFBF3548B">African weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4CA6EBF527C0C99B3F1AEEE8CC947252" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="08041FFBB2A7793ACD41740D1B6B1577">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9931A76E6AE857D2462688F8492C82FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D4C95E7ABF85BF468E8C381C1AC27F92">Lavoué, Sébastien</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3063AB0E542F0CF499143F06F8F696D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="842F16BC63F94A89D96789124D159743">Sullivan, John P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="02D9A9D7E7BD82C7577FD08EAF5B4E70" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="19D8262DE5C56A3435A2AEE2892905CD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C8501EF8715790EDB27F2E1159D4AAD4">Arnegard, Matthew E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5260368D3AC519FE012E394DD955D981">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EAE854A1561B597D7BC82D0336428712">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B07E22518176B68819BB380E10C7675B">
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<mods:date id="2F83D334C72BAA492BD3184D88884C88">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C113DAA0A2638AE801DD664FC7A2A87D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3A321B3ACFAAAC6A7C11611AD149C0E2">2600</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CF9E44E24F3B99DB216FC82896C06294">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="BA02206D91F9F27447C12E014BC228C2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F338CE99D24E814B998548A66751877D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.197589</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A0D9DA7A9B4EF1C18395639C7277A398" type="GBIF-Dataset">53fca97f-1dda-43cc-b95e-2eca97fde26c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2B18094B8A746FA6F3D386E2099E10B9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="69E0911C0C386D440E8DB4101DC3274C" type="Zenodo-Dep">197589</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0394455B7006B440B8BFA3EFC046D113" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6202192" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119395508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6202192" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:755DDED0-2BEE-449D-825D-22140D26C86D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394455B7006B440B8BFA3EFC046D113" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C327A7C67006B443B8BFA3EFC1DAD306" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8BFA3EFC0CCD2BB" blockId="8.[151,484,1197,1223]" box="[151,484,1197,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0CA43217006B443B8BFA3EFC0CCD2BB" bold="true" box="[151,484,1197,1223]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B8BFA3EFC0CCD2BB" bold="true" box="[151,484,1197,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7006B443B8BFA3EFC0B3D2BB" ID-CoL="4FDYJ" box="[151,411,1197,1223]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B8BFA3EFC0B3D2BB" bold="true" box="[151,411,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247006B443B989A3EFC0CCD2BB" box="[417,484,1197,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8BFA3B7C509D370" blockId="8.[151,1057,1269,1292]" box="[151,1057,1269,1292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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[Odzala field identification and in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC89BC7006B443BA2FA3B7C3CCD370" box="[519,740,1269,1292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lavoue, S., Arnegard, M. E., Sullivan, J. P. & Hopkins, C. D. (2008) Petrocephalus of Odzala offer insights into evolutionary patterns of signal diversification in the Mormyridae, a family of weakly electrogenic fishes from Africa. Journal of Physiology - Paris, 102, 322 - 339." type="journal article">
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||
Lavoué
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<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443BA75A3B7C3BBD370" box="[605,659,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
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(2008)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7006B443BAC6A3B7C2AFD370" box="[750,903,1269,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443BAC6A3B7C2AFD370" box="[750,903,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
sp. 2, OTU 2]
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8BFA278C1DAD306" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B8BFA278C1D2D328" bold="true" box="[151,250,1338,1364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Images.</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="1306E8C87006B443B92AA278C062D328" box="[258,330,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1397,176,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (N = number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A, photo of a live specimen from Odzala and
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<figureCitation id="1306E8C87006B443BB5CA278C295D328" box="[884,957,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1397,176,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (N = number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B, photo of the preserved
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<typeStatus id="54864AEF7006B443BCDFA278C448D328" box="[1271,1376,1338,1364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(CU 88101).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C327A7C67006B443B8EEA2C7C392D1B3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8EEA2C7C398D396" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B8EEA2C7C053D3E3" bold="true" box="[198,379,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54864AEF7006B443B8EEA2C7C029D3E3" box="[198,257,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7006B443B9AEA2C7C0DED3E3" box="[390,502,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, CU 88101 (morpho,
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<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BAD3A2C7C214D3E3" box="[763,828,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
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), male, 86.0 mm
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BC24A2C7C51AD3E3" box="[1036,1074,1413,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
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.
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BC16A2C7C464D3E3" box="[1086,1356,1413,1439]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
, small channel around island in Lékoli River (
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BA4AA2E8C39AD3B8" box="[610,690,1450,1476]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
basin), Odzala National Park, (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BC0CA2E8C5ACD3B8" box="[1060,1156,1450,1476]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="0.62">0.62° N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BCB8A2E8C5D2D3B8" box="[1168,1274,1450,1476]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="14.95">14.95° E</geoCoordinate>
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||
). J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll.,
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7006B443B9C5A292C384D396" box="[493,684,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-08-20">20 August 2002</date>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8EEA2B7C304D1F8" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7006B443B8EEA2B7C014D073" box="[198,316,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
. CU 88036 (morpho,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BA6CA2B7C3ACD073" box="[580,644,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
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||
), sex undet.,
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||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BB0DA2B7C2B8D073" box="[805,912,1525,1551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="81.4">81.4 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BBB1A2B7C297D073" box="[921,959,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
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||
; CU 88042 (morpho,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BCE0A2B7C420D073" box="[1224,1288,1525,1551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), male,
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||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BD41A2B7C1EED048" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.859999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="78.6">78.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443B8E7A158C1DED048" box="[207,246,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
; CU 88037 (morpho,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BA20A158C364D048" box="[520,588,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
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), sex undet.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BAD9A158C248D048" box="[753,864,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.959999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="79.6">79.6 mm</quantity>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BB41A158C2B9D048" box="[873,913,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
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||
; CU 88077 (morpho), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BCD2A158C440D048" box="[1274,1384,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.48" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="84.8">84.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BD59A158C4B1D048" box="[1393,1433,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
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||
.
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443B8BFA102C088D026" box="[151,416,1600,1626]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
, Pandaka River (
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BA40A102C390D026" box="[616,696,1600,1626]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin), Odzala National Park, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BC0FA102C5AFD026" box="[1063,1159,1600,1626]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="0.62">0.62° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BCBAA102C5D4D026" box="[1170,1276,1600,1626]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="14.92">14.92° E</geoCoordinate>
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||
), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll.,
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7006B443BA2AA127C38BD003" box="[514,675,1637,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-08">August 2002</date>
|
||
. CU 88104 (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BB98A127C2DBD003" box="[944,1011,1637,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), sex undet.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BCBFA127C42CD003" box="[1175,1284,1637,1663]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.35" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="83.5">83.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BD24A127C41BD003" box="[1292,1331,1637,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BD69A127C4B5D003" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[1345,1437,1637,1663]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
251426 (ex CU 88100) (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BA0AA1C8C34BD0D8" box="[546,611,1674,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BA97A1C8C200D0D8" box="[703,808,1674,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.37" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="73.7">73.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BB18A1C8C27DD0D8" box="[816,853,1674,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BB4AA1C8C294D0D8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[866,956,1674,1700]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
251427 (ex CU 88103) (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BD67A1C8C4B8D0D8" box="[1359,1424,1674,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), sex undet.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443B936A1F2C0AFD0B6" box="[286,391,1712,1738]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.72" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="77.2">77.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443B9A7A1F2C09DD0B6" box="[399,437,1712,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443B9E9A1F2C3E5D0B6" box="[449,717,1712,1738]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
, small channel around island in Lékoli River (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BCDDA1F2C46DD0B6" box="[1269,1349,1712,1738]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin), Odzala National Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443B98BA197C32CD093" box="[419,516,1749,1775]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="0.62">
|
||
0.62
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B9F0A197C0CCD092" box="[472,484,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">°</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BA38A197C352D093" box="[528,634,1749,1775]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="14.95">
|
||
14.95
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443BA7AA197C376D092" box="[594,606,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">°</emphasis>
|
||
E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll.,
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7006B443BC54A197C43FD093" box="[1148,1303,1749,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-08">August 2002</date>
|
||
. CU 88093 (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443B921A1B8C062D168" box="[265,330,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443B98DA1B8C325D168" box="[421,525,1786,1812]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.74" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="67.4">67.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BA3BA1B8C311D168" box="[531,569,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BA6CA1B8C3B5D168" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[580,669,1786,1812]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
251424 (ex CU 88088) (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BC03A1B8C544D168" box="[1067,1132,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), sex undet.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87006B443BD2BA1B8C443D168" box="[1283,1387,1786,1812]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.58" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="75.8">75.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BD5AA1B8C4B0D168" box="[1394,1432,1786,1812]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443B8BFA062C1DAD146" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[151,242,1824,1850]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
251425 (ex CU 88090) (morpho,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BAA7A062C3F9D146" box="[655,721,1824,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">EOD</collectionCode>
|
||
), male, 76.0 mm
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2C6C887006B443BB8AA062C2E0D146" box="[930,968,1824,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">SL</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BBFDA062C5CED146" box="[981,1254,1824,1850]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
, small channel around island in Lékoli River (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7006B443BA2BA007C37BD123" box="[515,595,1861,1887]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin), Odzala National Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BBE8A007C509D123" box="[960,1057,1861,1887]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="0.62">
|
||
0.62
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443BBDDA007C529D122" box="[1013,1025,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">°</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09928A7006B443BC05A007C5B0D123" box="[1069,1176,1861,1887]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="555" value="14.92">
|
||
14.92
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443BC47A007C553D122" box="[1135,1147,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">°</emphasis>
|
||
E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll.,
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7006B443B9A6A028C300D1F8" box="[398,552,1898,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-08">August 2002</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7006B443B8EEA0CDC392D1B3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1338,1999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7006B443B8EEA0CDC0B7D1D5" bold="true" box="[198,415,1935,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Other specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
We examined 34 other specimens from Odzala National Park (specimen list provided in the section "additional material examined").
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF42A4C57007B442B8BFA1CAC02ED13C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7007B442B8BFA1CAC02ED13C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1672,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442B8BFA1CAC031D0DC" bold="true" box="[151,281,1672,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7007B442B908A1CBC32DD0DC" box="[288,517,1673,1696]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442B908A1CBC32DD0DC" box="[288,517,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247007B442BA24A1CAC360D0DC" box="[524,584,1672,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442BA24A1CAC360D0DC" bold="true" box="[524,584,1672,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442B934A1ABC006D17C" box="[284,302,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N</emphasis>
|
||
= number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327A7C67007B441B8EEA02AC223D710" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7007B441B8EEA02AC223D710" blockId="9.[151,1436,1896,2035]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442B8EEA02AC06ED1FE" bold="true" box="[198,326,1896,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7007B442B967A02BC366D1FE" box="[335,590,1897,1922]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442B967A02BC366D1FE" box="[335,590,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247007B442BA7FA02AC3B3D1FE" box="[599,667,1896,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442BA7FA02AC3B3D1FE" bold="true" box="[599,667,1896,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7007B442BC3EA02BC596D1FE" box="[1046,1214,1897,1922]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7007B442BC3EA02BC596D1FE" box="[1046,1214,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in Central Africa (Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7007B442B96FA0CCC0B4D1D4" box="[327,412,1934,1960]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7007B442B9FDA0CCC30BD1D4" box="[469,547,1934,1960]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
provinces) by the following combination of characteristics. Dorsal fin with 23 or 24 branched rays. Anal fin with 27 or 28 branched rays. Eye large (HL/ED ≤ 3.3, range = 3.1–3.3). Mouth small (4.4 ≤ HL/MW, range = 4.4–5.0). Ten teeth or fewer (range = 6–10) in the upper jaw. Twentytwo teeth or fewer (range = 18–22) in the lower jaw. Unique pigmentation pattern consisting of three well defined black patches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1306E8C87004B441B98BA7FFC0C2D6AB" box="[419,490,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1397,176,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (N = number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A): (1) an intense dark mark on each side of the body close to the anterior base of the dorsal fin, often extending onto the first dorsal rays, forming a characteristic saddle across the dorsum; (2) a mark on each side of the body at the base of the pectoral fin; (3) a crescent-shaped mark on each side of the body centered at the base of the caudal fin, extending onto the upper and lower parts of the caudal fin. EOD of normal polarity (i.e., first major phase head-positive).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327A7C67004B441B8EEA635C3C9D36E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7004B441B8EEA635C3B3D24E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8EEA635C077D7ED" bold="true" box="[198,351,375,401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric ratios and meristic data are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6BFC1F67004B441BBE7A63AC500D7EE" box="[975,1064,376,402]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,378,1279]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 2. Principal morphometric ratios and meristic counts for the holotype (CU 88101) and 10 paratypes (CU 88104, CU 88093, CU 88036, CU 88077, CU 88042, CU 88037, AMNH 250920, AMNH 250921, AMNH 250922, AMNH 250923) of Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. (Abbreviations: m = male; Std – Dev = standard deviation; Min – Max = minimum – maximum)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF42A4C57005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="DF42A4C57005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BCA0A63AC5C7D7EE" box="[1160,1263,376,402]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BD03A63AC4B3D7EE" box="[1323,1435,376,402]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
separately.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B936A6DFC309D7CA" box="[286,545,413,438]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B936A6DFC309D7CA" box="[286,545,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247004B441BA01A6DFC346D7CB" box="[553,622,413,439]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA01A6DFC346D7CB" bold="true" box="[553,622,413,439]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a small sized species within the genus (maximum SL in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BD41A6DFC4B5D7CB" box="[1385,1437,413,439]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series = 86.0 mm, maximum SL observed in all specimens =
|
||
<quantity id="4CC559A87004B441BB77A680C29ED7A0" box="[863,950,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Body ovoid, longer than high (2.5 ≤ SL/ H ≤ 2.8,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B92AA6AAC040D47E" box="[258,360,488,514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 2.6,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BA0AA6AAC3A2D47E" box="[546,650,488,514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
=2.8) and laterally compressed. Head length between 3.4 and 3.7 times in standard length (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B996A54FC30DD45B" box="[446,549,525,551]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 3.6,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BAF2A54FC268D45B" box="[730,832,525,551]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 3.6). Eye large compared to many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BCDCA54FC4B4D45A" box="[1268,1436,525,550]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BCDCA54FC4B4D45A" box="[1268,1436,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (3.1 ≤ HL/ED ≤ 3.3,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B9D6A570C340D430" box="[510,616,562,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 3.2,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BB01A570C2BDD430" box="[809,917,562,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 3.2). Snout short (6.1 ≤ HL/SNL ≤ 8.5,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B8BFA51AC1D4D40E" box="[151,252,600,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 7.2,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B987A51AC33DD40E" box="[431,533,600,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 6.2) and round. Mouth small (4.4 ≤ HL/MW ≤ 5.0,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BCA3A51AC5D8D40E" box="[1163,1264,600,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 4.7,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B8BFA53FC1D6D4EB" box="[151,254,637,663]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 4.5) and sub-terminal, opening under the posterior half of the eye. Teeth small and bicuspid, 6–10 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B8B7A5E0C02ED4C0" box="[159,262,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
median = 8,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B989A5E0C320D4C0" box="[417,520,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 9) in a single row in the upper jaw, 18–22 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BC0CA5E0C5A3D4C0" box="[1060,1163,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
median = 19,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BD1DA5E0C4B3D4C0" box="[1333,1435,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 20) in the lower jaw. Dorsal and anal fins originate in the posterior half of the body (1.6 ≤ SL/PDD ≤ 1.7,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B8BFA5AFC1D5D57B" box="[151,253,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B9B3A5AFC32AD57B" box="[411,514,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 1.6; 1.6 ≤ SL/PAD ≤ 1.7,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BB7FA5AFC295D57B" box="[855,957,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BC73A5AFC5EBD57B" box="[1115,1219,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 1.6). Pre-dorsal distance roughly equal to the pre-anal distance. Dorsal fin with 23 or 24 branched rays (median = 23,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BD1EA450C4B4D550" box="[1334,1436,786,812]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 24). Anal fin with 27 or 28 branched rays (median = 27,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BB7DA47AC294D52E" box="[853,956,824,850]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 28). Scales cover the body, except for the head. Lateral line visible and complete with 36–38 pored scales along its length (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BCA2A41FC5DAD50B" box="[1162,1266,861,887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 37,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441B8BFA4C0C1D6D5E0" box="[151,254,898,924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 38). Twelve to 14 scales (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BA67A4C0C39ED5E0" box="[591,694,898,924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 13,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BB41A4C0C2F8D5E0" box="[873,976,898,924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 14) between the anterior base of the anal fin and the lateral line. Caudal peduncle thin (1.9 ≤ CPL/CPD ≤ 2.3,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BC28A4EAC54DD5BE" box="[1024,1125,936,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
average = 2.1,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BD35A4EAC4ABD5BE" box="[1309,1411,936,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
= 2.2). Twelve scales around the caudal peduncle. Skin on head thick, becoming opaque with formalin fixation. Knollenorgans on the head are not clustered into "rosettes" but, instead, appear as isolated receptor pores, the character state observed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BA29A35AC3BFD24E" box="[513,663,1048,1074]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mormyrinae">Mormyrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7004B441B8EEA37FC3C9D36E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8EEA37FC0A4D22B" bold="true" box="[198,396,1085,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Live coloration</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1306E8C87004B441B98DA37FC0DCD22B" box="[421,500,1085,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1397,176,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (N = number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Body uniformly white-silver, with the presence of three characteristic pigmentation marks: (1) a very distinctive black mark just below the anterior base of the dorsal fin on each side, often extending onto the first dorsal rays and making contact over the dorsum with the contralateral mark; (2) a blackish mark, sometimes weak but always visible, at the base of the pectoral fins; (3) a crescentshaped black mark centered at the base of the caudal fin on each side, extending onto the upper and lower parts of the caudal fin. Fins otherwise translucent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327A7C67004B441B8EEA25FC25DD0FB" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7004B441B8EEA25FC3E0D3DB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8EEA25FC077D34B" bold="true" box="[198,351,1309,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1306E8C87004B441B95CA25FC095D34B" box="[372,445,1309,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[169,1408,388,1531]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,383,1536]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Africa (right) showing the entire Congo River and its main tributaries together with the neighboring Lower Guinea province (first inset at center). The boundary between the Congo and Lower Guinea provinces is shown by a dashed line. Filled black circles indicate type localities for all Petrocephalus species that were described from either province and were considered valid just prior to the present study. Exact type localities are unknown for P. b a l a y i and P. sauvagii. Based on our understanding of the chronology of Central African exploration at the time of the descriptions, we estimate these type localities to be the following: the vicinity of Pool Malebo on the Lower Congo River near the modern cities of Brazzaville and Kinshasa [4.25 ° S, 15.29 ° E] for P. sauvagii; and the vicinity of the present-day city Lambaréné on the Lower Ogooué River [0.7 ° S, 10.22 ° E] for P. b a l a y i. Second inset at the far left: detailed map of Odzala National Park, located in the Congo River basin. Within the boundaries of the park, forest is shown in green and savannah in yellow. The red oval indicates our collection area (a segment of the Lékoli drainage system, including the lower parts of two of its tributaries, the Pandaka and Lékénie Rivers)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197590/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apparently endemic to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7004B441BB03A25FC251D34B" box="[811,889,1309,1335]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin. Abundant in Odzala. We collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BDAEA25FC1CCD320" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BDAEA25FC1CCD320" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247004B441B8C3A200C005D320" box="[235,301,1346,1372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8C3A200C005D320" bold="true" box="[235,301,1346,1372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
at several localities along the main channel of the Lékoli River at night. Elsewhere in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7004B441BD65A200C4B3D320" box="[1357,1435,1346,1372]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin, we have identified specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA58A22AC3F0D3FD" box="[624,728,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. z a k o n i</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BACCA225C201D3FD" bold="true" box="[740,809,1383,1409]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
from the Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7004B441BBDDA22AC56CD3FE" box="[1013,1092,1384,1410]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Pool Malebo) and from the Sangha River basin (unpublished observations).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7004B441B8EEA2F0C25DD0FB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8EEA2F0C0D1D3B0" bold="true" box="[198,505,1458,1484]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Electric organ discharge</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1306E8C87004B441BA21A2F0C379D3B0" box="[521,593,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,178,1655]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1397,176,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Petrocephalus zakoni n. sp. of the Lékoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo. A. Photograph of a live specimen (no scale). B. Photograph of the preserved holotype (CU 88101; scale bar = 1.0 cm). C. EOD waveforms. One EOD was arbitrarily selected from each recorded individual and superimposed with the other recordings (N = number of individuals). All EODs are scaled to the same peak-to-peak voltage, and they are plotted (head-positive up) on the same time scale as overlays centered on the largest positive peak of each waveform (scale bar = 0.2 msec)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197593/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C). EOD waveforms produced by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BBCCA2F1C566D3B0" box="[996,1102,1459,1484]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BBCCA2F1C566D3B0" box="[996,1102,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247004B441BC7DA2F0C5B0D3B0" box="[1109,1176,1458,1484]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BC7DA2F0C5B0D3B0" bold="true" box="[1109,1176,1458,1484]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are of relatively short duration among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B94CA29AC33FD38D" box="[356,535,1496,1521]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B94CA29AC33FD38D" box="[356,535,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(range = 0.164–0.281 msec), but they are, nevertheless, very similar in waveform to the EODs of several other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BA5EA2BFC208D06A" box="[630,800,1533,1558]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA5EA2BFC208D06A" box="[630,800,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. EOD sex differences are not apparent in the Odzala population. Statistics for waveform landmarks and other EOD measurements are provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC89BC7004B441BD6CA160C01CD01E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Lavoue, S., Arnegard, M. E., Sullivan, J. P. & Hopkins, C. D. (2008) Petrocephalus of Odzala offer insights into evolutionary patterns of signal diversification in the Mormyridae, a family of weakly electrogenic fishes from Africa. Journal of Physiology - Paris, 102, 322 - 339." type="journal article">
|
||
Lavoué
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8BFA10AC1FED01D" box="[151,214,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Electrocytes are assumed to be of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7004B441BAC1A10AC235D01E" box="[745,797,1608,1634]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
NPp based on characteristics of the EOD, although electrocyte anatomy has not yet been confirmed histologically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C327A7C67004B440B8EEA1D0C046D113" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7004B441B8EEA1D0C23AD1AB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B8EEA1D0C068D0D0" bold="true" box="[198,320,1682,1708]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Given our identification of specimens from the Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7004B441BBFCA1D0C50AD0D0" box="[980,1058,1682,1708]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
River and the Dzangha-Sangha Reserve (Sangha River),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B9E0A1FAC3E4D0AD" box="[456,716,1720,1745]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B9E0A1FAC3E4D0AD" box="[456,716,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247004B441BAFCA1F5C231D0AD" box="[724,793,1719,1745]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BAFCA1F5C231D0AD" bold="true" box="[724,793,1719,1745]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is likely a common species in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32AB4DD7004B441BC97A1FAC427D0AE" box="[1215,1295,1720,1746]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin. This species has been previously misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BAE7A19FC5EBD08B" authority="Boulenger, 1920" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1920" box="[719,1219,1757,1783]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BAE7A19FC2C3D08A" box="[719,1003,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Petrocephalus christyi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC89BC7004B441BBDBA19FC5EBD08B" author="Boulenger" box="[1011,1219,1757,1783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1920) Poissons recueillis au Congo Belge par l'expedition du Dr C. Christy. Materiaux pour la faune du Congo. Annales du Musee du Congo, Zoologie, 2, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1920">Boulenger, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because its body proportions are similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BA1AA041C380D160" box="[562,680,1795,1820]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA1AA041C380D160" box="[562,680,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. christyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, both species exhibit an intense sub-dorsal melanin marking on the flank. Nevertheless, these species can be distinguished by the presence of a black spot at the base of the pectoral fins in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B9F8A00FC311D11A" box="[464,569,1869,1894]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B9F8A00FC311D11A" box="[464,569,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247004B441BA17A00FC3A9D11B" box="[575,641,1869,1895]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA17A00FC3A9D11B" bold="true" box="[575,641,1869,1895]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BB28A00FC25CD11A" box="[768,884,1869,1894]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BB28A00FC25CD11A" box="[768,884,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. christyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the shape of the sub-dorsal marking (ovoid to saddle-shaped
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B96FA031C0BBD1F0" box="[327,403,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">versus</emphasis>
|
||
rounded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BA0CA031C3B3D1F0" box="[548,667,1907,1932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA0CA031C3B3D1F0" box="[548,667,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. christyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the waveshape of the EOD (with two main phases and a weak third phase in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B914A0DAC0DED1CD" box="[316,502,1944,1969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="zakoni" subSpecies="versus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B914A0DAC0DED1CD" box="[316,502,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. zakoni versus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
four phases in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BA8EA0DAC232D1CD" box="[678,794,1944,1969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BA8EA0DAC232D1CD" box="[678,794,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. christyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and presence/absence of Knollenorgan rosettes on the head (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441B967A0FFC323D1AA" box="[335,523,1981,2006]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="zakoni" subSpecies="versus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441B967A0FFC323D1AA" box="[335,523,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. zakoni versus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7004B441BAA4A0FFC229D1AA" box="[652,769,1981,2006]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="christyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7004B441BAA4A0FFC229D1AA" box="[652,769,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. christyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF42A4C57005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773" ID-Table-UUID="DF42A4C57005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF42A4C57005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[151,1437,378,1279]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8BFA7D5C03BD773" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,359]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7005B440B8BFA7D5C020D6D3" bold="true" box="[151,264,151,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Principal morphometric ratios and meristic counts for the holotype (CU 88101) and 10 paratypes (CU 88104, CU 88093, CU 88036, CU 88077, CU 88042, CU 88037, AMNH 250920, AMNH 250921, AMNH 250922, AMNH 250923) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D8FCE7005B440B93CA79AC0D1D693" box="[276,505,216,239]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zakoni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7005B440B93CA79AC0D1D693" box="[276,505,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Petrocephalus zakoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A95247005B440BA29A795C315D693" box="[513,573,215,239]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7005B440BA29A795C315D693" bold="true" box="[513,573,215,239]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Abbreviations: m= male; Std–Dev= standard deviation; Min–Max= minimum– maximum).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440BA9BA668C51FD743" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,359]" box="[691,1079,298,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7005B440BA9BA668C224D743" box="[691,780,298,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(m)
|
||
<typeStatus id="54864AEF7005B440BBBBA668C2D8D743" box="[915,1008,298,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(n=10)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440BBBBA610C599D333" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,359]" lastBlockId="11.[159,1201,1338,1399]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Min–Max Mean Std–Dev Min–Max Median</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8B7A638C43DD283" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<table id="F93D06ED70054BB4B8BFA638C4B5D283" box="[151,1437,378,1279]" gridcols="5" gridrows="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA638C4B5D7F3" box="[151,1437,378,399]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA638C331D7F3" box="[151,537,378,399]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Standard length (mm)</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA638C3F5D7F3" box="[691,733,378,399]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">86.0</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA638C2DAD7F3" box="[915,1010,378,399]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">67.4–84.8</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A638C5BAD7F3" box="[1128,1170,378,399]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">77.8</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA638C4B5D7F3" box="[1271,1437,378,399]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">5.1</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA6E0C4B5D7CB" box="[151,1437,418,439]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA6E0C331D7CB" box="[151,537,418,439]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Head length (mm)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA6E0C3F5D7CB" box="[691,733,418,439]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA6E0C2DAD7CB" box="[915,1010,418,439]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">19.7–24.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A6E0C5BAD7CB" box="[1128,1170,418,439]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA6E0C4B5D7CB" box="[1271,1437,418,439]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA6B0C4B5D47B" box="[151,1437,498,519]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA6B0C331D47B" box="[151,537,498,519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ratio of standard length (SL):</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA558C4B5D453" box="[151,1437,538,559]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA558C331D453" box="[151,537,538,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/body height (H)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA558C3F5D453" box="[691,733,538,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA558C2DAD453" box="[915,1010,538,559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.5–2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A558C5BAD453" box="[1128,1170,538,559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA558C4B5D453" box="[1271,1437,538,559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA500C4B5D42B" box="[151,1437,578,599]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA500C331D42B" box="[151,537,578,599]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/head length (HL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA500C3F5D42B" box="[691,733,578,599]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA500C2DAD42B" box="[915,1010,578,599]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.4–3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A500C5BAD42B" box="[1128,1170,578,599]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA500C4B5D42B" box="[1271,1437,578,599]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA528C4B5D403" box="[151,1437,618,639]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA528C331D403" box="[151,537,618,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/pre-dorsal distance (PDD)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA528C3F5D403" box="[691,733,618,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA528C2DAD403" box="[915,1010,618,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6–1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A528C5BAD403" box="[1128,1170,618,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA528C4B5D403" box="[1271,1437,618,639]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA5D0C4B5D4DB" box="[151,1437,658,679]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA5D0C331D4DB" box="[151,537,658,679]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/pre-anal distance (PAD)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA5D0C3F5D4DB" box="[691,733,658,679]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA5D0C2DAD4DB" box="[915,1010,658,679]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6–1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A5D0C5BAD4DB" box="[1128,1170,658,679]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA5D0C4B5D4DB" box="[1271,1437,658,679]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA5F8C4B5D4B3" box="[151,1437,698,719]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA5F8C331D4B3" box="[151,537,698,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/dorsal fin length (DFL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA5F8C3F5D4B3" box="[691,733,698,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA5F8C2DAD4B3" box="[915,1010,698,719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.0–4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A5F8C5BAD4B3" box="[1128,1170,698,719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA5F8C4B5D4B3" box="[1271,1437,698,719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA5A0C4B5D48B" box="[151,1437,738,759]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA5A0C331D48B" box="[151,537,738,759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/anal fin length (AFL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA5A0C3F5D48B" box="[691,733,738,759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA5A0C2DAD48B" box="[915,1010,738,759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.3–3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A5A0C5BAD48B" box="[1128,1170,738,759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA5A0C4B5D48B" box="[1271,1437,738,759]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA448C4B5D563" box="[151,1437,778,799]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA448C331D563" box="[151,537,778,799]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/caudal peduncle length (CPL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA448C3F5D563" box="[691,733,778,799]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA448C2DAD563" box="[915,1010,778,799]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.4–7.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A448C5BAD563" box="[1128,1170,778,799]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA448C4B5D563" box="[1271,1437,778,799]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA470C4B5D53B" box="[151,1437,818,839]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA470C331D53B" box="[151,537,818,839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SL/mouth width (MW)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA470C3F5D53B" box="[691,733,818,839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA470C2DAD53B" box="[915,1010,818,839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">15.5–17.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A470C5BAD53B" box="[1128,1170,818,839]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA470C4B5D53B" box="[1271,1437,818,839]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA4C0C4B5D5EB" box="[151,1437,898,919]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA4C0C331D5EB" box="[151,537,898,919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ratio of head length (HL):</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA4E8C4B5D5C3" box="[151,1437,938,959]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA4E8C331D5C3" box="[151,537,938,959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/snout length (SNL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA4E8C3F5D5C3" box="[691,733,938,959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA4E8C2DAD5C3" box="[915,1010,938,959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.1–8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A4E8C5BAD5C3" box="[1128,1170,938,959]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA4E8C4B5D5C3" box="[1271,1437,938,959]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA490C4B5D59B" box="[151,1437,978,999]" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA490C331D59B" box="[151,537,978,999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/mouth width (MW)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA490C3F5D59B" box="[691,733,978,999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA490C2DAD59B" box="[915,1010,978,999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.4–5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A490C5BAD59B" box="[1128,1170,978,999]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA490C4B5D59B" box="[1271,1437,978,999]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA4B8C4B5D273" box="[151,1437,1018,1039]" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA4B8C331D273" box="[151,537,1018,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/eye diameter (ED)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA4B8C3F5D273" box="[691,733,1018,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA4B8C2DAD273" box="[915,1010,1018,1039]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.1–3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A4B8C5BAD273" box="[1128,1170,1018,1039]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA4B8C4B5D273" box="[1271,1437,1018,1039]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA360C4B5D24B" box="[151,1437,1058,1079]" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA360C331D24B" box="[151,537,1058,1079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/interorbital width (IOW)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA360C3F5D24B" box="[691,733,1058,1079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA360C2DAD24B" box="[915,1010,1058,1079]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.4–3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A360C5BAD24B" box="[1128,1170,1058,1079]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA360C4B5D24B" box="[1271,1437,1058,1079]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA308C4B5D223" box="[151,1437,1098,1119]" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA308C331D223" box="[151,537,1098,1119]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/head width (HW)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA308C3F5D223" box="[691,733,1098,1119]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA308C2DAD223" box="[915,1010,1098,1119]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.8–2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A308C5BAD223" box="[1128,1170,1098,1119]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA308C4B5D223" box="[1271,1437,1098,1119]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA330C4B5D2FB" box="[151,1437,1138,1159]" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA330C331D2FB" box="[151,537,1138,1159]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HL/mouth position (MP)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA330C3F5D2FB" box="[691,733,1138,1159]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA330C2DAD2FB" box="[915,1010,1138,1159]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.2–3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A330C5BAD2FB" box="[1128,1170,1138,1159]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA330C4B5D2FB" box="[1271,1437,1138,1159]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA380C4B5D2AB" box="[151,1437,1218,1239]" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA380C331D2AB" box="[151,537,1218,1239]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ratio of caudal peduncle length (CPL):</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8BFA3A8C4B5D283" box="[151,1437,1258,1279]" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8BFA3A8C331D283" box="[151,537,1258,1279]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CPL/caudal peduncle depth (CPD)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA3A8C3F5D283" box="[691,733,1258,1279]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA3A8C2DAD283" box="[915,1010,1258,1279]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.9–2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A3A8C5BAD283" box="[1128,1170,1258,1279]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BCDFA3A8C4B5D283" box="[1271,1437,1258,1279]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8B7A220C013D30B" blockId="11.[159,1201,1338,1399]" box="[159,315,1378,1399]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Meristic counts:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8B7A2C8C5A8D393" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<table id="F93D06ED70054BB4B8B7A2C8C599D393" box="[159,1201,1418,1519]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8B7A2C8C599D3E3" box="[159,1201,1418,1439]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8B7A2C8C307D3E3" box="[159,559,1418,1439]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Dorsal fin branched rays (DR)</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA2C8C3E3D3E3" box="[691,715,1418,1439]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">24</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA2C8C2E6D3E3" box="[915,974,1418,1439]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23–24</th>
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A2C8C599D3E3" box="[1128,1201,1418,1439]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8B7A2F0C599D3BB" box="[159,1201,1458,1479]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8B7A2F0C307D3BB" box="[159,559,1458,1479]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Anal fin branched rays (AR)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA2F0C3E3D3BB" box="[691,715,1458,1479]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">28</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA2F0C2E6D3BB" box="[915,974,1458,1479]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">27–28</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A2F0C599D3BB" box="[1128,1201,1458,1479]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="350DF60F70054BB4B8B7A298C599D393" box="[159,1201,1498,1519]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76DC9F7370054BB4B8B7A298C307D393" box="[159,559,1498,1519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Number of scales in the lateral line (SLL)</th>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BA9BA298C3E3D393" box="[691,715,1498,1519]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">38</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BBBBA298C2E6D393" box="[915,974,1498,1519]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">36–37</td>
|
||
<td id="76DC9F7370054BB4BC40A298C599D393" box="[1128,1201,1498,1519]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8B7A140C32ED048" blockId="11.[159,1152,1538,1668]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Number of scale rows between the anterior base of
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7005B440BA9BA140C2E6D06B" box="[691,974,1538,1559]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1914-12-14">14 12–14</date>
|
||
13 the anal fin and the lateral line (SDL)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B82F44D7005B440B8B7A105C046D113" blockId="11.[159,1152,1538,1668]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,1765,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Number of teeth in the upper jaw (TUJ)
|
||
<date id="FF83D28D7005B440BA9BA105C2EBD020" box="[691,963,1607,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1910-06-09">9 6–10</date>
|
||
8 Number of teeth in the lower jaw (TLJ) 20 18–22 19
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7005B440B8EEA1A7C07BD083" bold="true" box="[198,339,1765,1791]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named in honor of Harold H. Zakon. In addition to Professor Zakon’s many contributions to neuroethology, we recognize the significance of his recent work (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC89BC7005B440BB8FA048C5A2D158" author="Zakon" box="[935,1162,1802,1828]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Zakon, H. H., Lu, Y., Zwickl, D. J. & Hillis, D. M. (2006) Sodium channel genes and the evolution of diversity in communication signals of electric fishes: Convergent molecular evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103, 3675 - 3680." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Zakon
|
||
<emphasis id="B949285F7005B440BBD5A049C512D158" box="[1021,1082,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which inspires a new area of research on genes that underlie electrolocation and electrical communication in gymnotiform and mormyroid fishes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |