220 lines
21 KiB
XML
220 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b0b8caba-aa6e-4a7b-aa2a-f2dce47a0c2c" ID-PMC="PMC6189219" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-167" ID-PubMed="30337828" ID-ZBK="66FDB440E3EB455EB1F0EF6CF86E60BA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-167" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)" checkinTime="1539050144519" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars G. & Schmidt, B. Christian" docDate="2018" docId="60EF5A7E31259848F1A87D268A0584B3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 167-181" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480" docTitle="Admetovis icarus Crabo & Schmidt, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="B293564D-4087-4F37-9BDE-FD3659627C15" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FFE119434E62FFFAE06D3811FFBE222A" masterDocTitle="A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1668166258291" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Admetovis Grote, with the description of a new species from western North America (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, B. Christian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>788</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>167</mods:start>
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<mods:end>181</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26480</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-788-167</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">66FDB440E3EB455EB1F0EF6CF86E60BA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">66FDB440E3EB455EB1F0EF6CF86E60BA</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="148657033" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B293564D-4087-4F37-9BDE-FD3659627C15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60EF5A7E31259848F1A87D268A0584B3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B293564D-4087-4F37-9BDE-FD3659627C15" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="172">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 16
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="172">USA, Colorado, Boulder County, Nederland, 2896 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="5" pageNumber="172" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="172">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="5" pageNumber="172">
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Holotype, male. [USA]: Colorado: [Boulder County]: Nederland, Science Lodge, 9500' [2896 m], 28 VI 1961, M. R. MacKay. CNC. Paratypes. 34 m 14 f: CANADA: British Columbia: Central Kootenay District: Sproule Cr., 49.533°, -117.417°, 2400' [732 m], [no date], J. Shepard leg. / OSAC_0001031226 (1 m); [Okanagan-Similkameen District]: Apex Mt., 7380'[2249 m.],
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="49.35">49°21'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-119.9">119°54'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 21 VII 2000, J. Troubridge Leg. (1 f); USA: Colorado: [Boulder County]: Nederland, Science Lodge, 9500' [2896 m], 26 VI 1961, M. R. MacKay (2 m); Same locality & collector, 27 VI 1961 (4 m 1 f); 28 VI 1961 (1 m 1 f); 29 VI 1961 (9 m 5 f); 30 VI 1961 (3 m 1 f); Same locality, 3 VII 1969, C. H. Mann (1 f); Gunnison County: Gothic, 29 VI 1962, Jon Shepard leg. / OSAC_0000136850 (1 m); Same locality, date, & collector / OSAC_0000136868 (1 f); Idaho: Bear Lake County: Emigration Cr. CG, 42.370°, -111.556°, 7200' [2195 m], 14 VII 1993, J. & S. Shepard leg. / OSAC_0001031225 (1 m); Oregon: Wallowa County: Wallowa Mts., Mt. Howard summit area, 8075-8176 ft [2461-2492 m], 4 VIII 2016, UVBLT, DNR Ross and GE Pearson leg. / OSAC_0000997854 (1 m); Utah: Sanpete County: Ephraim, 8 mi. [12.9 km] E, 10,000' [3048 m.], 39.317-[39].337°N, 111.448-[111].470°W, 21 VII 2008, L. G. Crabo leg. (8 m, 1 f); Same locality, date, & collector / DNA voucher #
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="173" start="start">CNCLEP</pageBreakToken>
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00116343 (1 m); Summit County, Bald Mt. Trailhead, 14 VII 1989, R. C. Mower leg. / Database for CNC
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Noctuoidae">Noctuoidae</taxonomicName>
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[sic] 14629 [DNA voucher # NOC14629] / Barcodes of Life Project Leg removed DNA extracted (1 f); Washington: Chelan County: Junior Point Cmp. Grd., 6900' [2103 m], 6 VIII 1997, J. Troubridge leg. (1 m); Same locality, date, & collector, DNA / Database for CNC
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Noctuoidae">Noctuoidae</taxonomicName>
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[sic] 14627 [DNA voucher # NOC14627] / Barcodes of Life Project Leg removed DNA extracted (1 m); Kittitas County: Lake Kachess (NF-4828),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="47.320168">47°19.21'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-121.25667">121°15.4'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 4 VIII 2011, T. Mustelin (1 f). CNC, JS, LGC, OSAC, TM. Three specimens from Sandon, British Columbia (J. W. Cockle) at the CNC were also examined, but are excluded from the type series because they are worn.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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is the only species in the genus with a dusky hindwing with a straight outer margin distal to the cell between veins M1 and M3.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished easily from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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by the pure white hindwing of the latter species. It is only subtly different from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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in habitus and can easily be confused with it, especially in the Pacific Northwest where both species occur. While the hindwing margin shape is the most reliable character for separating these species short of dissection, there are subtle differences in color.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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tends be more mottled on the forewing with a darker
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“flame-mark,”">"flame-mark,"</normalizedToken>
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and its hindwing is consistently darker brownish gray than that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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. The forewing orbicular stigma of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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is often more conspicuous than in either other species, with pale filling outlining a dark central ocellus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
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Structurally, males of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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differ from both other species by the presence of weak basal abdominal coremata lacking a strong core;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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has fully developed coremata with stout rods and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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lacks them altogether.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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both differ from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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in having a median spine on the juxta. In the valves, the setose dorsal protuberance of the sacculus is triangular to anvil shaped in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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, convex in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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, the dorsal process of the clasper is short and triangular in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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, longer and curved in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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, and the cucullus is relatively small and rounded in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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, larger and triangular in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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. The relative sizes of the cuculli are apparent readily if the two species are compared after the scales are removed with a brush. The vesica of the phallus of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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is the simplest in the genus, with a relatively short left limb lacking a subapical diverticulum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
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Females of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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, like those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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, differ from those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. similaris" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="similaris">A. similaris</taxonomicName>
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in having three rather than four signa on the corpus bursae. They can be differentiated from those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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by the shape of the corpus bursae, narrow with a small bulbous anterior portion in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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; curved and broader with a bulbous anterior end in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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. This difference is quantified in the Key as a ratio between width of the corpus bursae and the length of the appendix bursae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
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The barcode of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. icarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="icarus">A. icarus</taxonomicName>
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(BOLD:AAD7456) differs from both other species by about 3.5 %. There is no intraspecific variation in three samples from Washington and Utah.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="6" pageNumber="173" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="173">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="6" pageNumber="173">
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Head - Structure of male and female antennae, eye, palpus, and haustellum as for genus. Dorsal antenna tan with scattered gray scales. Scape off white. Labial palpus with nearly equal mixture of pale tan and dark gray scales. Frons tan, gray periph
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="174" start="start">erally</pageBreakToken>
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. Dorsal head scales white-tipped gray. Thorax - Dorsum as for genus; venter scales long, hair-like, white-tipped dark gray. Legs as for genus; tarsal segments dark gray banded distally with off-white. Wings: Forewing: length 16-17 mm (males), 17 mm (females), length 2.3-2.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, outer margin scalloped weakly; ground lead gray, most mottled in genus due to more whitish scales, especially near base; medial area distal to reniform stigma and postmedial area whitish tan to tan, darkest distally; basal, antemedial, and medial lines as for genus; postmedial line dark gray, conspicuous for genus, double with strong inner and incomplete weak outer components, scalloped strongly with dark gray distal extensions on veins; postmedial white with preceding red-brown and black shade; terminal line black, interrupted at veins; fringe gray with light tan base, pale checkering at veins; claviform stigma dark gray, filling light gray; orbicular stigma nearly round, double, outer component darkest, filling light gray, whitish gray, or pale tan, central ocellus gray or mixed gray and brown; reniform stigma moderately large, kidney shaped with slightly larger posterior end, dark gray, incomplete at posterior end, filling of medial ⅓ light tan and distal ⅔ whitish tan or gray. Hindwing: margin straight between M1 and M3; powdery dusky gray brown with slight brassy sheen, discal spot and patchy marginal shade slightly darker with lighter patches near outer margin. Abdomen. Male coremata very weak, a few filaments arising from button-like base, lacking central stalk; pockets on ventrolateral segment III small, shallow. Female sternite VII posterior median notch 0.36
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of the segment. Male genitalia: Uncus as for genus, wide distal portion only slightly tapered to blunt tip. Juxta height 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, median spine present. Valve as for genus, length 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, ventral mid-valve projection short, blunt; sacculus length ⅔
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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valve, width 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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valve, setose costal lobe asymmetric, anvil shaped with triangular pointed tip; clasper with short triangular dorsal and broad-based convex ventral processes of similar length, small for genus; cucullus relatively small, ~ 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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valve width, rounded, corona 15-20 setae. Phallus tubular, length 6.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width. Vesica length 1.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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phallus; diverticulum of right arm broad based, short; left arm tapered to straight spike-like apical cornutus, basal cornutus present or absent, diverticula absent. Female genitalia: papilla analis length 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, longer and more pointed than in other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Admetovis</taxonomicName>
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. Segment VIII as for genus; posterior apophysis length 0.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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segment VIII; anterior apophysis length 2.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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posterior apophyses. Ductus bursae relatively smooth, rugae limited to near junction with corpus bursae. Corpus bursae length 4.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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abdominal segment VIII, elongate, narrow, curved weakly, bulbous anterior portion relatively small, diameter ~ 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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total corpus bursae length; signa on dorsal, right lateral, and ventral sides; appendix bursae simple sac-like posterior extension of corpus bursae, length 0.16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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corpus bursae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="174" type="geographic variation">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Geographic variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="174">This species is fairly uniform throughout most of its range. The population on the Wasatch Plateau of central Utah is paler and more mottled than those from elsewhere.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="174" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="174">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="174">The species epithet refers to Icarus, son of Daedalus in Greek mythology. Icarus used wings that his father had made to escape from the island of Crete but flew too close to the sun, thereby falling to his death in the sea. The flame marking on the distal forewing and high elevation habitat of this moth bring to mind his story. It is a noun in the genitive in apposition to the generic name.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="175" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="175" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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and ecology.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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occurs in the mountains of western North America, mostly in the Rocky Mountain region. Records extend from central Utah and central Colorado to the Selkirk Mountains of southeastern British Columbia, including a record from northeastern Oregon. Farther west there are scattered records from the Okanagan region of south-central British Columbia and Chelan and Kittitas counties in the northern Cascade Range, Washington. It replaces
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
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in Utah and Colorado but is partially sympatric with it in the Pacific Northwest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
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has been collected almost exclusively in high-elevation forests near tree line, although the habitat in Kaslo and Nelson, British Columbia is transition zone forest. Collection dates are from late June to early August.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">The early stages are unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="175" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Admetovis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Admetovis icarus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="icarus">Admetovis icarus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not rare in collections but has until now been confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. oxymorus" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" rank="species" species="oxymorus">A. oxymorus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |