717 lines
76 KiB
XML
717 lines
76 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7069C890B9C48FABAB9BE0965B403385">A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus Haploblepharus Garman 1913 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1F0B82A58669FFFFB781FFCC9FDA726A">Brett A. Human</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5251FAFFCC94227005E5A63A7BC77335">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6248467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100117389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6248467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135" lastPageNumber="12" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="115B616F72B41E34AA4619EE7351AB6A" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="571748B8B77DF853E12FB75E3845D410" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB141939456844F6E9F63C1D42C4701" ID-CoL="3JL86" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii (Schinz, 1822)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A3BF4C3BA77F66C7D1ED4C9403FBBF58" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A484E20F28CA3C550402CD2C4D7FF248" pageNumber="7">(Fig. 3, Table 1)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C023D9B4AE62EEC8C2FE09E43B39C1FE" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FAFAD085E8FE10F95892E7158A2E359F" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="144116581C900E26F018F8E7AEAEA353" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:51BDDD26-53A8-415C-A2D4-122F4ADAAE68" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squalus edwardsii Schinz 1822:504" order="Squaliformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwartsii">Squalus edwartsii Schinz, 1822</taxonomicName>
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: 214 (in van Oijen, 2001).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FCE589E5A6039F5D14E48FA550FB966" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="871589CEC1A60DF414D80ED9C3555380" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Scyllium edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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: Cuvier, 1817: 124 (in van Oijen, 2001);
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<normalizedToken id="B65CC2284B8A21C3A763B84C40D748F1" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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& Henle, 1838: 4;
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<normalizedToken id="7B1E16CEE7A4AAC1B08CDE74E8D7A106" originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
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, 1853: 79;
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<normalizedToken id="38AAA42DEDEA9058B27104C58D04DA87" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
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, 1870: 401; Gilchrist, 1902: 164; Lampe, 1914: 213; Bass et al., 1975: 17.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D7EC48BC2B1261D5F6F93ECC8CFD3331" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="5773CD0F0C6DBADD1FD519C9C7C31C58" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Scyllium edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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: Voigt, 1832: 504 (in van Oijen, 2001); Eschmeyer, 1998, CD-ROM.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0A5763EB02FE36AEE2967260C174993" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="572D3F9FDF2CB86996F7C4B6ACDD067C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:28DE0448-590D-4D52-B54D-6BE43D0F3551" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Catulus edwardii Smith 1838:85" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardii">Catulus edwardii</taxonomicName>
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: Smith, 1837: 85.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="979538D8351429E23932FFD41E63C085" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="DA1AC53DFC10DBBB4A90B049C1A4F1E5" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Scyliorhinus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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: Regan, 1908: 463.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6EB3B98980E6B6081003A810427CDA96" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="474A94E9E48171F576F614EE2DD5B463" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsi">Scylliorhinus edwardsi</taxonomicName>
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: Thompson, 1914: 137.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="052D525EAFFB7043E42C70D3A4C04F0F" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="7EAC8F67B00E6656CD659E21518A4194" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Scylliorhinus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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: Gilchrist & Thompson, 1916: 283; Gilchrist, 1922: 4; Barnard, 1925: 41.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31F30512DD04AED732A8CCB203BE1D68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5A13905054164AF24C4B04C5982150E7" pageNumber="7">
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Type series and locality.
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<materialsCitation id="57D776697B9A9655611DDD62E1ACC0D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889868" collectingDate="2002-10-15" collectionCode="SAM (previously BAH)" collectorName="Brett Human" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.233333" location="Millers Point, False Bay" longitude="18.476667" specimenCode="SAM 36079 (previously BAH 20021015.1)" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="Neotype">
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<typeStatus id="E0CAB70A1E99CAFB5612680D56051FEA">Neotype</typeStatus>
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, designated herein,
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<specimenCode id="3AC984B30085507A89DDE82F4D109B72">
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<collectionCode id="F5FE3CF2A44A8327256FAABD02AE3C93" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Adelaide, South Australian Museum">
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<collectionCode id="DC3BA5DC63E6393B8A68B599C015CBFE">SAM</collectionCode>
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</collectionCode>
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36079 (previously
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<collectionCode id="4F2F0592418AB2C4A37F03BF373F8368" collectionName="BAH">
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<collectionCode id="D6DD3DC6B7454080BA2E4A56C588E2FA">BAH</collectionCode>
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</collectionCode>
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20021015.1)
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</specimenCode>
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, mature male 391mm TL, collected from
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<location id="33974F176F47F5092CBC7CAAF124503C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:33974F176F47F5092CBC7CAAF124503C" country="South Africa" name="Millers Point, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Millers Point, False Bay</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="F1E3314DEB4D6D1E88D32D65B8E9B76C">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="B204FDE1A83126E26C84DA2A5D390111">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="26DB6D481889D2C4F7CCFE6BD796F526" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.233334">34°14’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="01E80F3751397935B563306C249D6242" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.476667">18°28.6’E</geoCoordinate>
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, collected by
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<collectorName id="FBAB7FDE2D53AE80789AFCCCD386CAE2">Brett Human</collectorName>
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on
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<collectingDate id="F54FA2075B72B5CDB908FF7DABA1425C">15th October 2002</collectingDate>
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, in excellent condition (Fig. 3).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9B4046A7A73AE11902A874B4119CA5C2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="7B4354330874466D048DDE7F0822888F" pageNumber="7">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName id="1B229FFE15865FAB915BC231D2828661" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from its congeners by having a slender body at all stages of maturity, abdomen width 12.1% TL for the neotype (mean 11.1% TL); neotype with snout acutely rounded, often coming to a point in other specimens, head width at the posterior margin of the orbit 11.9% TL in the neotype (mean 11.6% TL); head strongly depressed, head height at the posterior margin of the orbit 6.6% TL for the neotype (mean 5.9% TL); trunk depressed, trunk height 9.1% TL and trunk width 12.8% TL in the neotype (mean 8.5% TL and 11.7% TL, respectively); claspers of mature males slender, inner length 8.2 times the base in the neotype (mean inner length 6.2 times base). The neotype of
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<taxonomicName id="E6F973AA492966B84BD922101031AD80" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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has 58 rows of teeth in the upper jaw (mean 58.3) and 46 rows of teeth in the lower jaw (mean 52.4). The neotype of
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<taxonomicName id="3108A37256A9E1B8AABCFDA97807BE2A" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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has a total of 121 (mean 128.9) vertebral centra.
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<taxonomicName id="ECF7F378F504D8C5DBE7E0AC10F1586C" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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always has eight to, occasionally, ten distinct saddles that have orange centres with dark borders.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0049B772DE6C172B2F57229E39979415" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD0CE9A0094E85465ECBB45A23F2AFB5" lastPageNumber="8" pageNumber="7">
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Description. Morphometric and meristic data are given in Table 1. Neotype, mature male 391mm TL (mean of all specimens examined in Table 1, including the neotype, see Study material):
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<taxonomicName id="5BB0361C5FC2E7EA4717986FA9DEC3B2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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is a slender bodied
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<taxonomicName id="0920B7807A729265E83963499F99A670" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87028B01-5D5B-4004-918B-492D3059F90E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus Garman 1913:101" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Haploblepharus</taxonomicName>
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shark with a relatively narrow head, head width at the pectoral origin 3.67 (3.08) times the preoral length; head length 1.22 (1.27) times distance from snout tip to first gill slit; height of first gill slit 1.44 (1.82) times the height of the fifth gill slit; eye length 4.0 (5.0) times longer than spiracle length; basimandibular cartilage found at the symphysis of the Meckels cartilage in the lower jaw; mouth length 1.0 (1.0) times the prenarial length; mouth width 5.8 (6.46) times the upper labial furrow length; labial cartilages present; nasal lobes fused into a nasal flap that covers the excurrent apertures and extends to the mouth; interorbital width 1.18 (1.25) times the nasal flap width; head strongly depressed, head width at the posterior margin of the orbit 1.80 (1.97) times its height; head width 1.45 (1.58) times its height; trunk strongly depressed, trunk width 1.41 (1.38) times its height; abdomen depressed, abdomen width 1.25 (1.21) times its height; tail slightly depressed, tail width 1.17 (1.04) times its height; caudal peduncle strongly compressed, caudal peduncle width 0.51 (0.63) times its height; precaudal length 1.71 (1.74) times the distance from snout to first dorsal fin; dorsal fins rounded; height of first dorsal fin 0.87 (1.06) times that of the second dorsal fin; first dorsal fin length 1.05 (0.96) times the length of its anterior margin; second dorsal fin length 0.97 (0.98) times the length of its anterior margin; pectoral fin to pelvic fin space 1.31 (1.33) times the interdorsal space; pectoral and pelvic fins rounded; pectoral fin height 1.86 (1.77) times the height of the pelvic fin; pectoral fin length 0.91 (0.91) times the length of its anterior margin; pelvic fin length 1.40 (1.46) times the length of its anterior margin; claspers of mature males slender, clasper inner length 8.2 (6.2) times the base; anal fin to caudal fin space 1.35 (1.54) times the head height at the origin of the pectoral fin; length of anal fin base 1.36 (1.39) the length of the second dorsal fin base; anal fin length 1.53 (1.49) times the length of its anterior margin; distance from pectoral fin insertion to the midpoint of the first dorsal fin length 1.7 (1.67) times the caudal dorsal margin length. Vertebral counts: total 121 (128.9), 33 (33-40) monospondylous, 54 (53-61) precaudal diplospondylous and 34 (33-42) caudal diplospondylous vertebrae. Dental formula: upper jaw (left) 28 (26-35), (right) 30 (25-33); lower jaw (left) 23 (23-30), (right) 23 (23-30). Spiral valve turns: NA (7).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E0361D623F9D812C10F603209366E97" pageNumber="10">
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Size and sexual maturity. In this study,
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<taxonomicName id="943C58EAA9AB4A80DBD3382BD80B4059" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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males were found to be juvenile at 305mm TL, adolescent at 462mm TL, and mature at 365mm TL to 555mm TL. Females were found to be mature at 365mm TL to 554mm TL and no juvenile or adolescent females were available for examination in this study. There is no sexual dimorphism apparent in this species. There is a large size range in the mature individuals for both sexes.
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<taxonomicName id="0F91AEE63EE0112E2040378D150A52E2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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apparently grows to a smaller total length west of Cape Agulhas (about 482 mm TL for males and about 477 mm TL for females, from the data in the current study) and to a much larger maximum size east of this point (see maximum sizes above). This size difference may be due to the deeper habit of
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<taxonomicName id="8E964842F7A8E7DEC0718F909D165ACE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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east of Cape Agulhas (see Distribution for
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<taxonomicName id="98B9E2101FF49073D56B3091D446C6B3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87028B01-5D5B-4004-918B-492D3059F90E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus Garman 1913:101" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Haploblepharus</taxonomicName>
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above).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE987793F43AC56E806B1A40F51E7ACB" lastPageNumber="11" pageNumber="10">
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Colouration. A stunningly patterned shark (Fig. 3);
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<taxonomicName id="8175842F0086F9F925D43E93E0BEF8A1" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
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has a background dorsal colouration pale brown, pale grey brown to dark grey brown; blanketed with many small white spots; with 8, 9, or occasionally10 prominent saddles, 2 or 3 (or 4) before the first dorsal origin, one on the first dorsal fin, one between the dorsal fins, one on the second dorsal fin, one on the caudal peduncle and two on the caudal fin; centre of saddles are brilliant orange, orange brown or dull brown (latter probably a preservation artefact), with dark brown to almost black margins anteriorly and posteriorly; background colouration extending to dorsal surface of pectoral and pelvic fins, although white spots usually larger there than on the body; saddles not extending to dorsal surface of pectoral and pelvic fins; some individuals with no markings on any fins (probably preservation artefact). Ventral colouration uniform white or off white to dull brown (latter probably a preservation artefact); ventral surfaces of pectoral and pelvic fins, as well as anal fin, with same colouration as the dorsal background, particularly in darker specimens, otherwise no distinct patterning on pectoral or pelvic fins; anal fin variably with or without patterning, fin webs slightly darker, the lack of patterning is a probable preservation artefact.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="76EFDEABAAFF748196E4549495021FE3" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="7DE42ACBAEE790F43F0E3806AD98F538" pageNumber="11">
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Comparison with other species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="598F1E368D083780AA13B2D295091C39" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a consistent colour pattern between individuals, always possessing bright orange saddles on a paler background. The head is more narrowly pointed than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47D315B93695D4F3F7C6CD574AB8F171" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7C1B7D7778661AA128E0284E2CE717C" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, about the same in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="054AA1B1E5604413BD8EF4C625275A2E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Head and body more depressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FF2D5B4157751BC9CF9380D3F02632DE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC130FE92D96C23D2FA44B3E448228B2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but less so than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63E2C853EA400DF4685325E41F0BEC12" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="524422AEE52F2560E6BCEA30855CFC1D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Claspers of mature males are more slender than in other members of the genus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F760C6311B736E423A3BA52D6A870D42" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a dental formula about equivalent to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9BCA0F0161F366AAE9CF327050B177E2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but has fewer teeth than either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CA5AF5E7F60F485B43EA2D4CCA0DC0B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4F6432EF2A7F8C24FDE0C0C50486747" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A93412D66ACB3308FF209E05E13E6979" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA0082683538C3038EC21B24A02525DA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in overall morphology and colouration, but is separated from that species by having a more depressed body and a colour pattern that is distinct from that species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="431FEA282790D44492C0104D46150CFD" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Remarks. Edwards (1764) described and figured three individuals referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B97D561C9E041B5F6F269CAFCEBCCEE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa (van Oijen, 2001). These specimens, apparently lost (Smith, 1950; van Oijen, 2001), represent the syntypic series for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C13E491C6543D9F386041F73793E467" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and not RMNH 4161-4164, as stated by Eschmeyer(1998), which may represent the type series for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1069CFE5E3574B47DC4E06D66F4AA613" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A528ABC8-509D-47A7-9129-3B9249AA0B02" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scyllium pictum Müller & Henle 1838:4" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictum">Scyllium pictum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(van Oijen, 2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B96147130D2A1720F9F35361EAC8D8E6" pageNumber="11">
|
||
According to van Oijen (2001), Cuvier described this species in 1817 from a reproduction of the illustrations and translation of the text of Edwards (1764) by Houttuyn (1776). However, Cuvier did so under the name “sq. d’Edwards”, which is a vernacular name, therefore is not available as a species name, as was also concluded by Compagno (1984b). Voigt (1832) translated Cuviers’ text and formalised the name, and all subsequent authors have attributed the name to Voigt. However, Schinz had already translated Cuviers’ text and formalised the species name in 1822, a document that had been overlooked until the study of van Oijen (2001), and since Schinz pre-dates Voigt, the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3ABAB7633F4FA8BEBEC19C4F46C6291" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be attributed to Schinz (ICZN, 2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3908E192033D382F7E61FB5B244FA8FC" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Schinz erroneously spelt Cuviers’ new species and described it under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40A9B6E1B7E23DEB2EDDEB8DA35797E2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:51BDDD26-53A8-415C-A2D4-122F4ADAAE68" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Squalus edwardsii Schinz 1822:504" order="Squaliformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwartsii">Squalus edwartsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
(van Oijen, 2001). The name edwartsii has been placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Specific Names in Zoology, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83BF98F0997D794C52D87A7B8C377777" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology (Opinion 2056, ICZN, 2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B479ADDDC418BA939FA647FCF60012B" pageNumber="11">
|
||
This species is commonly misidentified with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BFE061FF046EAC8A10E437F3EF05F73" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and many registered specimens examined in this study that were identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1594F3A383533B170AAD7F1AA78E05B8" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
were actually
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A0AAA43BA0CF080D295D8A01B368D4B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This may have a number of consequences, which includes erroneous abundance estimates for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="424DBF8865A702CD10BE2FE7D3070475" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which may be overestimated) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24FD37C93B03C29AA11B5DEE4CF55C98" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as confounding other records of this species, such as locality and catch records, and biological and life history observations. For example, under his account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="746C229850421BE9E51742558A7BE466" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Smith (1949) illustrated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8D2708265CBD33A13BB60AC9539FB2A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which he described the following year) and gave the distribution as ranging to Port Nolloth, which is almost certainly referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3BAFFF2CBFC98A462D94AA91AE8C6A26" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="596D18B9951A9940E94353A8CF151102" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1870), also under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE24E38A58AD09B52DC9CC625B39D259" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52A67F5262633FFDEF804097318EED4B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of this, however gave a colour description that is referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EB0CC7CBC51203B84CD36FE78453130" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25551AE41985BBF5C7872E6BCE83B856" pageNumber="11">
|
||
A contributing factor to the confusion between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E09D3CE83B36D545980755EBC6A916DA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C158BBCC496FC4929700BCB1CE9B2A91" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be the illustrations that have been used for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="18212A6EE4278DE72AF496D5EAF4F904" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the original illustrations by Edwards have not been examined by the author, the earliest illustration examined by the author was that by
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8C9ED352F1D132DE267073EAEA2D4885" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Henle (1838-1841), which may be the first illustration of a mature specimen and is one of the most accurate in terms of the colour for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97E83F0070608E16A3F18467F4BCE151" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as was also noted by Bass et al. (1975). Bass (1986) illustrated his description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7334FB8CDBF4544EC814AE49F26A3CC" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a line drawing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBA1EF7A8CBA9EDC7E085629E305E0D1" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and although the illustrations within the colour plates appear to be based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C4B8D5D3B604843864FE114A3FCA10F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the colours are not accurate. Given the wide usage of this book, these illustrations have probably been a major contributor to the misidentification problem. Recent illustrations that accurately depict the colouration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF84E740FFD3599B67B97554A5ABC882" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
are provided in Heemstra & Heemstra (2004: 66, although the body shape appears to be based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F047DCD0409524281CAFEDF2178E42FB" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Compagno et al. (2005: pl. 40).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D4E048D72D3B98408EC276B31BCFA6C2" lastPageNumber="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Another contributing factor to the misidentification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BC31DEF2CA44FD0367B6550EE15FA40" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73A1437C759A8A7E98EB09798F3D89CF" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the position of the first dorsal fin relative to the pelvic fin (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="23A0EFFF56E5A85677DDD0B61B0CFA89" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Henle, 1838-1841; Bass et al., 1975), which has been used as a diagnostic character in species identification keys. The position of the origin of the first dorsal fin in relation to the insertion of the pelvic fin is variable in both species (Bass et al., 1975; present study) and the relative position of these fins is not a reliable character for separating these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="08DC7DC0F3DEF00CC9D05B192CD7073E" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The morphometric proportions given here agree with Bass et al. (1975), although their proportions are confounded by the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E0BF6C57A66ADD8CE945DBEF8199473" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens in their measurements. Bass (1973) noted that only a few measurements examined by him displayed ontogenetic allometry, and most measurements were isometric.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="025CD5231762F7DCD5A97026FA020877" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The denticles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="348AB4A12E9AA52A8B45216768F7148D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described and illustrated by Smith (1950), Bass et al. (1975), and Compagno (1984b). A number of studies have found strong sexual heterodonty in this species (Bass et al., 1975; M. Marks, pers. comm.). Vertebral counts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F725F2AE9B1A4453E119F228C70B5C2C" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly higher in Bass et al. (1975) than those given here (mean total count 128.9, n = 12), and is probably due to the inclusion of smaller specimens here. The counts given here agree with that obtained by Springer & Garrick (1964).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="730679ABFCFF1E93E7C010783C62A74D" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED03348B59BC94882DEFF2779E968CD6" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known to be predated upon, and played with, by cape fur seals (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A3D1E7C593CE61867A4A2CD349FFC20E" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Arctocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pusillus" subSpecies="pusillus">Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and that kelp gulls (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B156C9F7EEA927AF4FA221732047C2E" class="Aves" family="Laridae" genus="Larus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="dominicanis" subSpecies="vetula">Larus dominicanis vetula</taxonomicName>
|
||
) opportunistically scavenge
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8B68BC0959D3D5E15EB67D2CD479104" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the fur seals (Martin, 2004).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1954F427955D464BECCCFE8EC2E043A6" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
are commonly caught by recreational anglers from the shore and are also commonly sighted by SCUBA divers (Bass et al., 1975; Compagno, 1984b; Compagno & Smale, 1989; pers. obs.). This species also forms part of the bycatch of demersal trawlers (Compagno, 1984b; Compagno & Smale, 1989), and are caught for the aquarium trade (pers. obs.).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40FF0B6A8611BF1497B5B9A07D71EA3E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD1C944FF20DAE7BFD8873C50946D9E5" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have recently been reported as hosting the first blood parasite described in chondrichthyan fishes from South African waters (Yeld & Smit, 2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C7F68B353814BFC210BED97E25A4599" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E2B9C3CDFC5CFD22A1AA72D99752FD3E" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B9DD9BFFDA5A17F3EF4A391667339BD" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">Haploblepharus edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been verified in the current study as occurring from Langebaan Lagoon, Western Cape in the southeast Atlantic, southeast to Cape Agulhas and into the Indian Ocean as far east as the western shore of Algoa Bay (Fig. 4). Previously, it was thought that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3F3B97CD343FA2873D0FDFC3984E32E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranged as far north as Durban (Bass et al., 1975; Compagno, 1984b, 1988; Compagno et al., 1989), however, these distributions included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C61B605D93F39D37E5C064DA5A7FE1A" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and almost certainly included misidentifications of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B8FD3F5CF750A816988294CD42C2CD2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5B016902-D9E6-47E1-9F91-E23E5AA226C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Haploblepharus fuscus Smith 1950:883" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">H. fuscus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B476F867F0C195B9ED61B6BF794971DA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Records of “Cape”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5E5D62862915C653B1590AE3DD7A064" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
from East London (Bass et al., 1975) could either be this species, or juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D83ED64901FDEB3209A06C7340F827E3" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kistnasamyi">H. kistnasamyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E6078F8D346B88E783DC2A796B527B3" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Martin (2004) reported a westward range extension into False Bay, Western Cape, for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6ED2EBB398CCB93B9B7ACADEE88FF7CE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A0ED1D3567F786ECA1120379D06939E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
in False Bay has been previously reported by
|
||
<normalizedToken id="43157C62C6B8C089FE62EBC12B0E93DE" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Henle (1838- 1841),
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1F260E4E058F2169E1B7B1B27E82A48F" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1870), Gilchrist (1902), Lampe (1914), Thompson (1914), Barnard (1925), Bass et al. (1975), Springer (1979), Bass (1986), Compagno (1988), Smith & Griffiths (1997), Branch et al. (1999), and van Oijen (2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="41B749E8F7A4E14156251E7A9280A401" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Smith (1950) reports this species from as far north in the southeast Atlantic as Port Nolloth, however, his description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C99604BE315825129435709CA6C4D7F3" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84457EC4637C5DB131345C67B4EAE5C2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which he synonymised with this species, therefore, this record is most probably referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC8A19D392764663A33C86800AB27AB3" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">H. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Compagno (1988) examined a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A92E2E7B9CD7020C17EFF23A2E30D149" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
AMNH 40988 that was labelled as coming from Congo, and as Compagno reasoned, this is probably erroneous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="40F6FB2ED66923F6B2EC00CB70ED80B3" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F8CEEAB5BCAAB12588EFDE52D7044351" pageNumber="12">Etymology. Named after G. Edwards, who was the first to illustrate this species in 1764 (van Oijen, 2001).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9124AF0309C26744ECA879AA3731A147" pageNumber="12">Common name. In an attempt to introduce species specific common names for this genus that will be easily remembered by the general public, this shark was given the name happy Eddie (Compagno & Human, 2003), which is the name referred to this shark by academics familiar with it. It is also known as the puffadder shyshark, and in Afrikaans as a skaamoog (shyshark).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D77BED54AAE9D625E24D641BB8CEAC27" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="413778A85F4618D6CED635DC14CA38AF" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Study material.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6E99AB66611E24FE112D31E1CFB36197" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889869" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.321667" location="Buffels Bay, False Bay" longitude="18.468334" specimenCode="BAH 19991222.02" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CC2EA6597B77F62F16FCCA2103DF9122">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7D4BEE4033E497C2C2D730091F77FAB2">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
19991222.02
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 540 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="D3023E214F2787E7BB7C4DE9250DB3B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:D3023E214F2787E7BB7C4DE9250DB3B4" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.321667" longitude="18.468334" name="Buffels Bay, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Buffels Bay, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B3EBCF4D8BDA2BCC56D5FFEFD1A72F8">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EC8CF46BA0BA97A6593818211941FF02">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D0787C5EF7FC89D06F876E625BD98AC4" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.321667">34°19.3'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="817398FA771C0FEC58FA7243C9840C88" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.468334">18°28.1'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D77F212C41A51613E005C69C32BB4B65" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889870" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.3" location="Rooi Els, False Bay" longitude="18.813334" specimenCode="BAH 20000304.01" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="137FFE3BCE35291BD9F11B3D9ABC82C6">
|
||
<collectionCode id="2DA53B877851F58C7F8CAC461D2B8D9A">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20000304.01
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 415 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="EA261DB7347D947F37FD9D5C7CE524E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:EA261DB7347D947F37FD9D5C7CE524E9" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.3" longitude="18.813334" name="Rooi Els, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Rooi Els, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F8DEEA4422EFBBEE9A897C251658568">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5471C2EAD7BD584B211DBBC0F26074C4">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="260BAE094E1784F7CAC4CBE1C26E15F6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.3">34°18'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8199BA14E634BFE148F3A168B57E76FF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.813334">18°48.8'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6C7E8BEA8389CBF1C4C9C58F9D21B585" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889875" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" location="Buffels Bay, False Bay" specimenCode="BAH 20000930.03" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="420ECFBC326A9ACDA52917885937B86B">
|
||
<collectionCode id="02C6D952BA9EC2D24BD5E65E86EC00FC">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20000930.03
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 414 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="E80006CA3B44A856FCDB3842CE01C76F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:E80006CA3B44A856FCDB3842CE01C76F" country="South Africa" name="Buffels Bay, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Buffels Bay, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A788F72C3C370AF00CDB4F8C09289D2">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E0C6007A3ED6A9BCD780297BFAAC34FD">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FBBA30A12C9E2931528ED34856FFF42C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889876" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.185833" location="Longbeach, False Bay" longitude="18.426666" specimenCode="BAH 20011119.16" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="5EA28372EB3AA01B63604E5E96C1D21E">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D2E1D6D380D2E282DB6C1857B8EA64BB">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20011119.16
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 364 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="43F15461997994F55BFF74D421C0ADCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:43F15461997994F55BFF74D421C0ADCB" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.185833" longitude="18.426666" name="Longbeach, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Longbeach, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE8099204C78453C4D0C9A3F11BD0318">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E87C14481914578811DC9BD02A479094">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D0EFB138B24E872CDBBA7E399DE02339" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.185833">34°11.15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E8F7E23F9D8FB2554D49925EC19A112C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.426666">18°25.6'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="519B1A093DCBF3B0770C59BD100C2C8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889872" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R. V. Africana Cruise 167" country="South Africa" location="Station A 20810 007 - 2231, 95 m" specimenCode="BAH 20020417.01">
|
||
<specimenCode id="2B43B9503690B0954615A3A31CB3372E">
|
||
<collectionCode id="BCE5F75880261885919DC3247656FD6F">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020417.01
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 477 mm TL,
|
||
<collectorName id="07D709CFE7F4C4B335CF9C2358AD2083">R.V. Africana Cruise 167</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="60841F7C0465344355FAC5D1C9E49658" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:60841F7C0465344355FAC5D1C9E49658" country="South Africa" name="A 20810 007 - 2231, 95 m" stateProvince="Western Cape">A20810 007-2231, 95 m</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="401BB90381650DBDF5BD173F1594B1B7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889873" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.233333" location="Millers Point, False Bay" longitude="18.476667" specimenCode="BAH 20021015.02" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="932478896423640F84E5B5407F38C8C1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C0A772E67A2DC17C1E446097872529B8">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20021015.02
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 365 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="CE850DAE2AF68A5F7C4202F0BCDDAE8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:CE850DAE2AF68A5F7C4202F0BCDDAE8C" country="South Africa" latitude="-18.476667" name="Millers Point, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Millers Point, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DDD729D7D4C9FA4B5E30007DC1D4EA0A">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8A5D57BBC7598DAB203A31B6E0D0ACEB">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CB9A0F311565F4E28EEA855DE65D938F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.233334">34°14'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B2969E49E5BD92A37CB6F63F0CC576F1" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-18.476667">18°28.6'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E0B8C0A0FC322648CD16DF0EEA54D99B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889871" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.204334" location="Froggy Pond, False Bay" longitude="18.459333" specimenCode="BAH 20021017.02" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="BB51FDFFA571EDA9ACBB39FEBB02B8A1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C02C0ED81E8F7D00CE6C1C8A1D746134">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20021017.02
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 370 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="CCC7293A86BB276E87EE4529A67DC998" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:CCC7293A86BB276E87EE4529A67DC998" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.204334" longitude="18.459333" name="Froggy Pond, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Froggy Pond, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="045F985812871EF5900A44B7E39F6E98">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C5B2EEF7A3002AAFE1255BC6DA3EE941">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F8C193FD7B73460698D9B518A46995BE" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.204334">34°12.26'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8BB32B8331942FC76F2A748A900336D6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.459333">18°27.56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="172DAE103FB03612A29D2A4681C49BF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889874" collectionCode="BAH" country="South Africa" location="Froggy Pond, False Bay" specimenCode="BAH 20021017.03" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="9659F60DC0C018C54867C0BF5A9F2A4D">
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FCD0B3546D71C0F9DCD8E243A932BE6">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20021017.03
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 390 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="638BDC83975FAB7951C81E70C08A11D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:638BDC83975FAB7951C81E70C08A11D6" country="South Africa" name="Froggy Pond, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Froggy Pond, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA8A3E1C80A61FF7D786F460EBAD3782">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C17F8168D3EC22387C8C726358F11D4F">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="19857761F0652EE4F8B1DA2D82F6516D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889877" collectionCode="RUSI ( previously ORI)" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.033333" location="Algoa Bay" longitude="25.7" specimenCode="RUSI 6071, previously ORI 2475" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="B7E3AF4199AFCD5A1C9D2A19026B2D67">
|
||
<collectionCode id="2BA7958D0F36A2CDD8FB9BBCE9B810B2">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
6071, previously
|
||
<collectionCode id="13BDAEC2EC6EB257AC6F53F03C2C748B">ORI</collectionCode>
|
||
2475
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, adolescent male 462 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="E8E39687C4369639DFD658C0B6CCEE4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:E8E39687C4369639DFD658C0B6CCEE4F" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.033333" longitude="25.7" name="Algoa Bay" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Algoa Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1D4FFE56928B2F6C49F2DA4ED8866EEB">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2397DF058491A6BC47E8689B15750CEA">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2D9573041997D3E9BE89470E18D3821C" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.033333">34°02'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="13F501F46650AB3F6B1F7B3C1F83BAAD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="25.7">25°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8849F5115FB7A9B56328B34D79C3F165" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889879" collectionCode="RUSI ( previously ORI)" country="South Africa" location="Algoa Bay" specimenCode="RUSI 6073, previously ORI 2473" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="26B20DDADBCEC390443ED32D1B409AEB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="FD0270D4DCBBBBACCF866EBFAEEDAB3F">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
6073, previously
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D0635436D7785A9CEA696B8B6338874">ORI</collectionCode>
|
||
2473
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 536 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="9840D7FC89467E87651E61739A8DE90C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:9840D7FC89467E87651E61739A8DE90C" country="South Africa" name="Algoa Bay" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Algoa Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="36E4AF845F0B206E98D34D1A4107EF09">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E412F45144B31B615506C4F20C0DAFE4">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="030443D1F4CF20774C7619DEC0AC9FB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889880" collectionCode="RUSI" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.066666" location="Plettenberg Bay" longitude="23.383333" specimenCode="RUSI 13145" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="C79DD1F95A2581FBCE8AE4D472A660FC">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C241C95B1FCE49A0BF195F5DB0379464">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
13145
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 522 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="4AF53A88E8C9CE1F7D11E99A1FDEC70B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:4AF53A88E8C9CE1F7D11E99A1FDEC70B" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.066666" longitude="23.383333" name="Plettenberg Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Plettenberg Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1686638DB41DCB3F29226F5341286657">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="16FF4A2B42B43E9EE81D07C371833BDF">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="27BAD2A9611726B0B1D9FE648CAD3499" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.066666">34°04'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7D5F4C3747651E118E8E835E6229DD8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="23.383333">23°23'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C9F3DD3D0E2E7AE4EE0E0D50797EC7BD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889881" collectionCode="RUSI" country="South Africa" location="Algoa Bay" specimenCode="RUSI 13146" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="8F99DDBAC1445383DFD3A547353F62AC">
|
||
<collectionCode id="3FA45A8D5FFE8953D5E237E57777F52E">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
13146
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 554 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="A13943DD7ABA26F467371F41C0F360C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:A13943DD7ABA26F467371F41C0F360C2" country="South Africa" name="Algoa Bay" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Algoa Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="73D970A6DDC6FCB69295EEDB5FC06451">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6D62C91864F764EB7F9F96D4D0580461">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F89359214934573B9581EA704B4D7030" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889883" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" location="False Bay" specimenCode="SAM 10141" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="B99641C56FA5CD3BD02DBEAE00CB3ABD">
|
||
<collectionCode id="B292D1E935DE55CDBD1EE40958794059">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
10141
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, immature male 305 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="54394B94DF7B0153ADC38435B6B45753" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:54394B94DF7B0153ADC38435B6B45753" country="South Africa" name="False Bay">False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="74D0365880A67B2F8F24830D68229018">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0CB19F11246052AF9CA4B11A074BFF9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889887" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.126667" location="Kalk Bay, False Bay" longitude="18.45" specimenCode="SAM 12980" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="F360953118A9525C7FE35C59C2CB5680">
|
||
<collectionCode id="CE747B19B86F809C0ED923BDABD4F097">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12980
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 3 specimens,
|
||
<location id="5D56381EC7A0E26383CB21E36F50F5F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:5D56381EC7A0E26383CB21E36F50F5F9" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.126667" longitude="18.45" name="Kalk Bay, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Kalk Bay, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D96FF5F423C2E513EBACEAB6F6AC2885">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C5FE448DE211EDDA9282E73AED4C0187">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6E7FEDD2C3137BD3235FC297AF0AACEB" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.126667">34°7.6'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="42F648486BC720C57BF586BFA47537D7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.45">18°27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D9EBF4E48F6CBDBC0A44EA4F91671B58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889882" collectionCode="SAM" specimenCode="SAM 17758">
|
||
<specimenCode id="AE0AFB286B373E0F3673011E0E121216">
|
||
<collectionCode id="1CD855A2FBDED7EF447CBF7941286E73">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
17758
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 2 specimens
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C86E5C78D4EA7A0029C588A48B64020B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889889" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.185" location="Simonstown Lighthouse, False Bay" longitude="18.438334" specimenCode="SAM 22021" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="C88577C45D5229CD83B5491B83D90340">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7AE4D17EB79F3F023A11D7CB92C1F86E">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
22021
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 371 mm PCL,
|
||
<location id="FAA2D663479F1254CE374462B9A6CC8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:FAA2D663479F1254CE374462B9A6CC8A" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.185" longitude="18.438334" name="Simonstown Lighthouse, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Simonstown Lighthouse, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6E2F3B4556AFD432C21BABAAA3530F53">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3C820D55B12E0667AC97D4E867B48B59">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="715676355DA8858186F1A8FF0A41E381" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.185">34°11.1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="45EBCE2A1771204B914F43C0A8DE7CA5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.438334">18°26.3'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="9FC92E577D7F0AFD81AEBE9EEBF9EF63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889878" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.35125" location="Cape Peninsula, False Bay" longitude="18.485695" specimenCode="SAM 23199" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="0423423ADC1AC1F097F65F2F0A19D5FB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F078FE9E558D00A1D5E098711ADC4088">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
23199
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<location id="70E1B170127D44DC283AA26EFFC9FF27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:70E1B170127D44DC283AA26EFFC9FF27" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.35125" longitude="18.485695" name="Cape Peninsula, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Cape Peninsula, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CC53BAB15553D3926C14DDC4DCE74EFA">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DC7DD921CF18953CAC2D6ECE485CD6C7">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F7118CD95F63D32912E1B2F09B34ED03" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.35125">34°21'4.5"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB079FB6FA0FB010B9113FA3341A4E37" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.485695">18°29'8.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="64DD7F72674E84E0BE0B1490E43C8FEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889890" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R. V. Africana Cruise 120" country="South Africa" location="Station A 47043 2220 (erroneous station number, R. Leslie, pers. comm.)" specimenCode="SAM 28636">
|
||
<specimenCode id="0E7585F865944C137BA6C06A968A6E9B">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A782CEC3A72F7C9ABAA698D61B7EECDE">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
28636
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 24 specimens, those measured in the current study -mature male 365 mm TL, mature male 367 mm TL, mature male 406 mm TL, mature male 430 mm TL, mature male 472 mm TL, mature male 472 mm TL, mature male 482 mm TL, mature female 408 mm TL, gravid female 434 mm TL,
|
||
<collectorName id="6BA349036E78C4822775B1889268BFAF">R.V. Africana Cruise 120</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="144C49FE9F6634BF72242B4EFAB41075" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:144C49FE9F6634BF72242B4EFAB41075" country="South Africa" name="A 47043 2220 (erroneous station number, R. Leslie, pers. comm.)" stateProvince="Cape">A47043 2220 (erroneous station number, R. Leslie, pers. comm.)</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AD409F288747F7F1F5F9994F6A383B23" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889886" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" location="Cape Peninsula, False Bay" specimenCode="SAM 29307" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="00A26EFFD9F93D3885793937CE827AD9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="35810E13D81C0F5138044E4A204F839F">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
29307
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 6 specimens,
|
||
<location id="570356EA4AC3A291AB2D5480E21BC7A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:570356EA4AC3A291AB2D5480E21BC7A9" country="South Africa" name="Cape Peninsula, False Bay" stateProvince="Western Cape">Cape Peninsula, False Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="821D16290E959442EB9182DCE72583A0">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4A2D160DC73C99C39A21AE72835AC1DB">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2EF9A86CD877F9345292D2D5DE74B097" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889885" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R. V. Africana Cruise 82" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.0" location="Station A 10145 047 - 3415" longitude="22.416666" specimenCode="SAM 32524">
|
||
<specimenCode id="AD75156167E85A4F6724AFC563F4EF47">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A61C5A8C76C7828A8CC9E89AB8F3578C">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32524
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<collectorName id="7B0AD14E88F651E6D522E8AFC94FD9B3">R.V. Africana Cruise 82</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="6789741A5587FEDB908349F639831117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:6789741A5587FEDB908349F639831117" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.0" longitude="22.416666" name="A 10145 047 - 3415" stateProvince="Western Cape">A10145 047-3415</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D6B94AC1F4A521A637A92CFBC703CC45" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.0">35°00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02919C1BD005575A805033EF851CB7CC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="22.416666">22°25'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="770CF9F07972612BEE92D662E9A96F27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889884" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.021667" location="Storms River Mouth" longitude="23.911667" specimenCode="SAM 32525" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="78AF374C011BA180A71E779D5835D7E9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="BB933B0FB738A35583FD4DADBA70ED86">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32525
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 555 mm TL,
|
||
<location id="46A5DD14BDC937826D89FFB8F787E7F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:46A5DD14BDC937826D89FFB8F787E7F2" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.021667" longitude="23.911667" name="Storms River Mouth" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Storms River Mouth</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="698535EAC7F362331FC8307D32829FA7">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7FC24A45A8B914063FC72F098577412F">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="38B365DCFDC6DFFE5C2FFB3278D70DAC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.021667">34°01.3'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6F46FF4B1311A94F6948CDB3EA451188" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="23.911667">23°54.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="95581B01B383BE825B0096170511C8B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889891" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" location="Storms River Mouth" specimenCode="SAM 32555" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="E0B18272B18649229118116F8B14A3FB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A0ECDEA8E9D4AFEA04C3069012B05A93">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32555
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<location id="EA9B6886E86F3AE6E67332CB4EF0B84B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:EA9B6886E86F3AE6E67332CB4EF0B84B" country="South Africa" name="Storms River Mouth" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Storms River Mouth</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B32B545AB7D42167748CD66C00BA210D">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="39256B3439C489505C0CF8CCADFCDE7A">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="178272CBB4DFDA1A2389EA59962938F9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889888" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.075" location="Langebaan Lagoon (Klein Ostervaal farm)" longitude="18.041666" specimenCode="SAM 32616" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="D9A724C60B58D34D7D6239023469F27C">
|
||
<collectionCode id="EAE452E7306D9717BAF2002DAA18C154">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32616
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<location id="F72CAC8627D5143B85C6487C9FCFCEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:F72CAC8627D5143B85C6487C9FCFCEE5" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.075" longitude="18.041666" name="Langebaan Lagoon (Klein Ostervaal farm)" stateProvince="Western Cape">Langebaan Lagoon (Klein Ostervaal farm)</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A85C6836A93B574CC9DCD254A2F53C6D">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="044846174E5349C2A90CC6C22BF62511">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="198A5716E25D290AE175473CF5CF3200" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-33.075">33°04.5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F2A46FA6AB828E8E5879B3D28C260A0E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.041666">18°02.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B706EFDC9C2B1309707E04510A72542D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889892" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R. V. Africana Cruise 111" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.93" location="Station A 14791 053 - 2160" longitude="21.59" specimenCode="SAM 33203">
|
||
<specimenCode id="59BA0BCCC83DB25E7CC3E61F378986E9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="B077823B9C632B9AADFC413BFADB2876">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
33203
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<collectorName id="86B12D34DF3518FC246257E5DE8FCDE5">R.V. Africana Cruise 111</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BFB64760AC3143BAC576BBF8864D8E63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:BFB64760AC3143BAC576BBF8864D8E63" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.93" name="A 14791 053 - 2160" stateProvince="Western Cape">A14791 053-2160</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA013658DCCF1B3E29629A8BE7E953C5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.93">34°55'48"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4D75824F9000F3EA1B3B8C9DC6042D20">21°35'24"</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="067D205B6DB11B43B15D08B2053BC4C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889895" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.808333" location="Bloubergstrand, Cape Town" longitude="18.45" specimenCode="SAM 34640" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="AB8B096A4863DBE95B190A4E2709BADB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="430CB0EF1A2D8499602B660655EEEF3B">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
34640
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 1 specimen,
|
||
<location id="8742C080899DA1080391CD3288150BEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:8742C080899DA1080391CD3288150BEF" country="South Africa" longitude="18.45" name="Bloubergstrand, Cape Town" stateProvince="Western Cape">Bloubergstrand, Cape Town</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="883E2138EA4B2254DAB3156002DD8C96">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="07840F8837FCC186955ABCE0D7C4C309">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4691E1CA2804825D358F804CFB8EA7CC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="33.808334">33°48.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D6129E0879844625ABF6431F2D311650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.45">18°27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="563E638DE75733BEE35644C57418F6A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923889894" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R. V. Africana Cruise 111" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.915" location="Station A 14732 001 - 1002" longitude="20.033333" specimenCode="SAM 34647">
|
||
<specimenCode id="41D599B8AADA752D0749FF74E7C16922">
|
||
<collectionCode id="CB1179C523571A06BB815A4B90888595">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
34647
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 462 mm TL,
|
||
<collectorName id="B4BEBD1890AAB3AA1713A9C6E1C57D23">R.V. Africana Cruise 111</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5F53E3C5E031FB39159A9415FB3C3BB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:819BE8D76F016DA71E26EF7822467135:5F53E3C5E031FB39159A9415FB3C3BB7" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.915" longitude="20.033333" name="A 14732 001 - 1002" stateProvince="Western Cape">A14732 001-1002</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="174752049726EEC0677DDAA3768F0F5F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.915">34°54.9'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B733B827B9EC75A83059257DF6A9D1CF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="20.033333">20°02'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; SAM 36079, designated neotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="048D578D04383B48B7F254643E93439E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edwardsii">H. edwardsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see under Type Series and Locality for details.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |