238 lines
25 KiB
XML
238 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="BC8D516FC9EB7CA8DD1EF2F8BDDA1192" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C475FFFD8C797E2B8FC0BFECE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phloeosinus aubei Perris 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="416" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="415" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="3D86AEDF7DA0C398FACA9B6301EE72D6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="399E50ABFCE8756A7B6990077D130D76">
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<mods:title id="FAD7C29D6E1C9D4CCEF811B259392A82">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E70C51A5DEEDE58EEACFF02E30D9D454" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C51FCE192F9444E7860269620CFD912A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5EDC062E72EBDDD89570E7E0274EA65B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="50CBF8132568FCD454700343C69CB90A">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="EAAA9325300C540F0C60411C13BBB738" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4C2AD07D1D069280691E6D31CBA27C73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3D82A4CE59F62292AD37149B91AD00C6">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DE74D388A25DC55E412460FFB60B93F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ED2CDC7EB8A2E708D88544B7E20693BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B4A3FCA8058E1D22196917AE201E9B36">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5E790055579A8C3A80A6E02DF955538B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0CD527CC4B6651135008EC9D845A81F0">
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<mods:title id="82437D2CC8BB99AD3FFFF4232DB398A9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6DAA3CCED492E811A025B505342D9554">
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<mods:date id="17D290CB65973E58B81D4350DFD6671E">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="61C89F07B8220BE3FE61ADF327EC6A31" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C880C42572F199CDAC09150A6D097238">4098</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4CAE38C7A48FD5247D0FEDE2623C1F70" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="EEB0DCDC3DC3B4023087DB8466152B8A">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="431E5507DE578FDE0726C18CE8D1C60A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5D7E9BCE2501E1C5F8DB273CC5631E64" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C475FFFD8C797E2B8FC0BFECE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669452" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121066201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669452" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C475FFFD8C797E2B8FC0BFECE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C475FFFD8C797E2B8FC0BFECE" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475FFFD9C797E2B8FDC1FA6E" box="[151,532,1444,1469]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475FFFD9C797E2B8FDC1FA6E" blockId="14.[151,532,1444,1469]" box="[151,532,1444,1469]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<heading id="B8029C06475FFFD9C797E2B8FDC1FA6E" bold="true" box="[151,532,1444,1469]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C797E2B8FDC1FA6E" authority="Perris, 1855" authorityName="Perris" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,532,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeosinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aubei">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C797E2B8FDC1FA6E" bold="true" box="[151,532,1444,1469]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C797E2B8FEB9FA6E" bold="true" box="[151,364,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Phloeosinus aubei</emphasis>
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(Perris, 1855)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475FFFD9C797E2F0FB3EF90F" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475FFFD9C797E2F0FDDBF99F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1516,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C797E2F0FE5BF9D6" bold="true" box="[151,398,1516,1541]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C652E2F0FE5CF9D6" box="[338,393,1516,1541]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Guilan (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C6F4E2F0FD13F9D7" author="Amini" box="[500,710,1516,1541]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Amini, S., Hosseini, R. & Sohani, M. M. (2013) A faunal study of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Guilan province in North of Iran. Entomofauna, 34, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Amini
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C546E2F1FDAFF9D6" box="[582,634,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Tehran and other northern provinces (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C38AE2F0FAA9F9D7" author="Modarres" box="[1162,1404,1516,1541]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C797E113FDDAF9FB" authority="Brulle, 1832" authorityName="Brulle" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,527,1551,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeosinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C797E113FEACF9FB" box="[151,377,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Phloeosinus bicolor</emphasis>
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Brullé, 1832
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C548E113FC30F9FB" authority="Hopkins, 1903" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityYear="1903" box="[584,997,1551,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeosinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupressi">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C548E113FCE3F9FB" box="[584,822,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Phloeosinus cupressi</emphasis>
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Hopkins, 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C323E113FA85F9FB" author="Ghahari" box="[1059,1360,1551,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Ghahari, H. & Colonelli, E. (2012) Curculionoidea from Golestan province, Northern Iran. Fragmenta Entomologica, 44, 101 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4081 / fe. 2012.37" type="journal article" year="2012">Ghahari & Colonelli 2012</bibRefCitation>
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)),
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C26FE10CFA49F9F4" box="[1391,1436,1552,1575]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(no locality cited) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C66CE128FDD7F99F" author="Knizek" box="[364,514,1588,1613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475FFFD9C7C7E14BFD8BF96B" blockId="14.[151,1436,1516,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C7C7E14BFE12F9A3" bold="true" box="[199,455,1623,1648]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Central and southern Europe, North Africa, Middle East,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C373E14BFAC4F9A3" box="[1139,1297,1623,1648]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C252E14BFA4DF9A3" box="[1362,1432,1623,1648]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C797E161FF0AF947" box="[151,223,1661,1684]" name="South Korea" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Korea</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C7EAE160FE5DF946" author="Schedl" box="[234,392,1660,1685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1960) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band I. Scolytidae (Fortsetzung). Revista Entomologia de Mocambique, 3, 75 - 154." type="journal article" year="1960">Schedl (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C6C0E161FDBFF946" author="Browne" box="[448,618,1660,1685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Browne, F. G. (1968) Pests and diseases of forest plantation trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1330 pp." type="book" year="1968">Browne (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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record it from
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C416E160FCADF946" box="[790,888,1660,1685]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C484E161FC05F946" box="[900,976,1661,1685]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C4DBE160FB95F946" box="[987,1088,1660,1685]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C378E160FB07F946" box="[1144,1234,1660,1685]" name="Uganda" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, but these records are probably of a closely related species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475FFFD9C7C7E1D8FB3EF90F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1516,2009]" box="[199,1259,1732,1757]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C7C7E1D8FE9FF90E" bold="true" box="[199,330,1732,1757]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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The species is often recorded in the literature as its synonym,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C304E1D8FB36F90E" box="[1028,1251,1732,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeosinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C304E1D8FB36F90E" box="[1028,1251,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Phloeosinus bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475FFFD9C7C7E1FBFF3AF80A" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475FFFD9C7C7E1FBFF3AF80A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1516,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C7C7E1FBFEF2F8D3" bold="true" box="[199,295,1767,1792]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Biology.</emphasis>
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This species breeds in various genera of
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C409E1F4FC74F8D3" box="[777,929,1768,1792]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
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including
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C31EE1F4FB47F92C" box="[1054,1170,1768,1791]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C31EE1F4FB47F92C" box="[1054,1170,1768,1791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Cupressus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C3A3E1F5FAC4F8D3" box="[1187,1297,1769,1792]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C3A3E1F5FAC4F8D3" box="[1187,1297,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Juniperus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C222E1FBFAB6F8D3" box="[1314,1379,1767,1792]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Thuja" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C222E1FBFAB6F8D3" box="[1314,1379,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Thuja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C797E010FEF6F8F6" box="[151,291,1804,1829]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="family">Taxodiaceae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C637E010FD88F8F6" box="[311,605,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C637E010FE35F8F6" box="[311,480,1804,1829]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cunninghamia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cunninghamia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C6F0E010FD88F8F6" box="[496,605,1804,1829]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Taxodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Taxodium</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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). It is recorded in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475FFFD9C442E011FCBAF8F7" box="[834,879,1805,1828]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Iran</collectingCountry>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C4BCE011FB1AF8F7" box="[956,1231,1805,1828]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sempervirens">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C4BCE011FB1AF8F7" box="[956,1231,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Cupressus sempervirens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C3DBE011FA40F8F6" box="[1243,1429,1804,1829]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" rank="variety" variety="horizontalis">
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var.
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C20FE010FA40F8F6" box="[1295,1429,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">horizontalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C797E02DFED0F89B" box="[151,261,1841,1864]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C797E02DFED0F89B" box="[151,261,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Juniperus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475FFFD9C664E033FCD8F89B" box="[356,781,1839,1864]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C664E033FD8FF89B" box="[356,602,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">Platycladus orientalis</emphasis>
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(Cupressaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C41CE033FC3DF89B" author="Amini" box="[796,1000,1839,1864]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Amini, S., Hosseini, R. & Sohani, M. M. (2013) A faunal study of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Guilan province in North of Iran. Entomofauna, 34, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Amini
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C46CE02DFC4BF89B" box="[876,926,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C4F3E033FB36F89B" author="Modarres" box="[1011,1251,1839,1864]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C3F7E033FA42F89B" author="Schedl" box="[1271,1431,1839,1864]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1960) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band I. Scolytidae (Fortsetzung). Revista Entomologia de Mocambique, 3, 75 - 154." type="journal article" year="1960">Schedl (1960)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C797E048FE99F8BE" author="Chararas" box="[151,332,1876,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Chararas, C. (1962) Etude biologique des scolytides des coniferes. Encyclopedie Entomologique, Series A, 38. Lechevalier, Paris, 556 pp." type="book" year="1962">Chararas (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C682E049FDF9F8BE" author="Browne" box="[386,556,1876,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Browne, F. G. (1968) Pests and diseases of forest plantation trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1330 pp." type="book" year="1968">Browne (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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describe the biology and gallery system. The species breeds in fallen branches and dying or dead trees, but maturation feeding by the young adults in green twigs can cause damage to healthy trees (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C7DCE080FEAEF866" author="Browne" box="[220,379,1948,1973]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Browne, F. G. (1968) Pests and diseases of forest plantation trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1330 pp." type="book" year="1968">Browne 1968</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475FFFD9C690E080FD5FF867" box="[400,650,1948,1973]" pageId="14" pageNumber="415" refString="Belhabib, R., Lieutier, F., Lahbib Ben Jamaa, M. & Nouira, S. (2009) Host selection and reproductive performance of Phloeosinus bicolor (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in indigenous and exotic Cupressus in Tunisia. The Canadian Entomologist, 141, 595 - 603. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4039 / n 09 - 039" type="journal article">
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Belhabib
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<emphasis id="D181F778475FFFD9C6FDE081FDFAF866" box="[509,559,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="415">et al</emphasis>
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. (2009)
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</bibRefCitation>
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assess host selection and reproductive performance on different host species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475EFFD8C7C7E78BFC0BFECE" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475EFFD8C7C7E78BFC0BFECE" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475EFFD8C7C7E78BFE9AFF63" bold="true" box="[199,335,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C662E78BFD3AFF63" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[354,751,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heydenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretiosa">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475EFFD8C662E78BFDEEFF63" box="[354,571,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Heydenia pretiosa</emphasis>
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Förster, 1856
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C43EE785FB0AFF63" authority="Linnaeus 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[830,1247,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Dinotiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colon">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475EFFD8C43EE785FBD2FF63" box="[830,1031,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Dinotiscus colon</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus 1758)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C3FAE784FA4CFF63" box="[1274,1433,152,176]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C797E7A0FEF8FF06" box="[151,301,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pteromalidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) are parasitoids of
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C520E7A1FD54FF06" box="[544,641,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phloeosinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aubei">
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|
<emphasis id="D181F778475EFFD8C520E7A1FD54FF06" box="[544,641,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">P. aubei</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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in
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|
<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475EFFD8C5B4E7A1FD34FF07" box="[692,737,189,212]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(
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|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C5F7E7A0FBF4FF06" author="Davatchi" box="[759,1057,188,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Davatchi, A. & Shojai, M. (1968) Les Hymenopteres entomophages de l'Iran - etudes faunistiques. Proceedings of the 1 st Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Tehran, 1968, 1 - 89." type="journal article" year="1968">Davatchi & Shojai 1968</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C335E7A0FB13FF07" author="Shojai" box="[1077,1222,188,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Shojai, M. (1998) Entomology (Ethology, Social Life and Natural Enemies) (Biological Control) III. Tehran University Publications, 1681, 1 - 550." type="journal article" year="1998">Shojai 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C3D9E7A0FAA3FF07" author="Radjabi" box="[1241,1398,188,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Radjabi, Gh. (1991) Insects attacking rosaceous fruit trees in Iran. Vol. 1. Coleoptera. 2 nd Edition. Plant Pests and Disease Research Institute Publication, Tehran, 221 pp." type="book" year="1991">Radjabi 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
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as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475EFFD8C797E7C3FEACFF2B" box="[151,377,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Cheiropachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colon">
|
|
<emphasis id="D181F778475EFFD8C797E7C3FEACFF2B" box="[151,377,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Cheiropachus colon</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
L.).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C6B2E7C3FD84FF2B" author="Schedl" box="[434,593,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Schedl, K. E. (1960) Scolytidae und Platypodidae Afrikas. Band I. Scolytidae (Fortsetzung). Revista Entomologia de Mocambique, 3, 75 - 154." type="journal article" year="1960">Schedl (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
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|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C58AE7C3FCE7FF2B" author="Mendel" box="[650,818,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Mendel, Z. (1986) Hymenopterous parasitoids of bark beetles (Scolytidae) in Israel. Host relation, host plant, abundance and seasonal history. Entomophaga, 31, 113 - 125. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02372363" type="journal article" year="1986">Mendel (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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|
record additional species of parasitoids and predators.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475EFFD8C797E618FE99FECE" author="Mendel" box="[151,332,260,285]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" refString="Mendel, Z. (1983 b) Effects of pruned and unpruned trap-logs of cypress on infestation and developmment of two Phloeosinus species. Phytoparasitica, 11, 83 - 88. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02980715" type="journal article" year="1983" yearSuffix="b">Mendel (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
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suggests the use of pruned trap logs to control the species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |