710 lines
90 KiB
XML
710 lines
90 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7FC733F21B23BF642FDE7113F97F2B87">Platylabini (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae) of the south-eastern United States: new distributional data, taxonomic notes, illustrated keys, and an annotated catalogue of the genera and species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="299C40CAED469974BCC9E1BDCC41EDAC">Dal Pos, Davide</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49359386C9139E89563423DA40E4725A">Welter-Schultes, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:start id="D5D8CF5F7F1A068A33D9AF65F0965856">1869</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397657" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205804550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7397657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="1895" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF81556493A2FC296E58" blockId="24.[375,940,487,513]" box="[375,940,487,513]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF81556493A2FC296E58" ID-CoL="7HBFL" authority="(Cresson, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Cresson" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[375,940,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exhortator" subSpecies="thoracicus">
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<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF81556493A2FC296E58" bold="true" box="[375,940,487,513]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF81556493A2FD676E58" bold="true" box="[375,738,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Linycus exhortator thoracicus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156E293A2FC266E58" author="Cresson ET" box="[753,931,487,513]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC3FF8156249052FD696E68" box="[567,748,535,561]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8156249052FD696E68" blockId="24.[567,748,535,561]" box="[567,748,535,561]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134F2A40FFC3FF81562C9052FD3F6E68" box="[575,698,535,561]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="22.[160,225,1419,1442]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1387]" captionTargetId="figure-64@22.[163,1152,142,1387]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 15. Linycus exhortaor thoracicus (Cresson, 1864), ♀. a) Habitus, dorsal view. b) Habitus, lateral view. c) Head, frontal view. d) Propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7397661/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Figures 15</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134F2A40FFC3FF8156D49052FD616E68" box="[711,740,535,561]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="25.[160,225,874,897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,143,842]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[162,1152,142,843]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 16. Linycus exhortaor thoracicus (Cresson, 1864), distributional map: known records (in blue) and newly recorded state (in yellow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7397665/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">16</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC3FF8154B39009FE016877" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B39009FC676E3C" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" box="[160,994,588,613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B39009FDFE6E3C" author="Cresson ET" box="[160,635,588,613]" page="288" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1864">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B39009FDFE6E3C" authority="Cresson, 1864: 288" authorityName="Cresson" authorityPageNumber="288" authorityYear="1864" box="[160,635,588,613]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplismenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
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||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B39009FE276E3C" box="[160,418,588,613]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Hoplismenus thoracicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8155BA9009FDFE6E3C" author="Cresson ET" box="[425,635,588,613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson, 1864: 288</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(descr.);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8156F39009FC1B6E3C" author="Cresson ET" box="[736,926,588,613]" page="59" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1916">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156F39009FC1B6E3C" author="Cresson ET" box="[736,926,588,613]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson 1916: 59</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(cat.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B3902BFD1C6EB6" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFC3FF8154B3902BFD1C6EB6" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B3902BFDE86EDE" author="Cresson ET" box="[160,621,622,647]" page="201" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1877">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B3902BFDE86EDE" authority="Cresson 1877: 201" authorityName="Cresson" authorityPageNumber="201" authorityYear="1877" box="[160,621,622,647]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Platylabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B3902BFE096EDE" box="[160,396,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Platylabus thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81558B902BFDE86EDE" author="Cresson ET" box="[408,621,622,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="129 - 212" refId="ref26812" refString="Cresson ET. 1877. Notes on the species belonging to the subfamily Ichneumonides, found in America north of Mexico. Trans Am Entomol Soc. 6: 129 - 212. doi: 10.2307 / 25076321." type="journal article" year="1877">Cresson 1877: 201</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(distr., key, notes, syn.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF815786902BFB066EDE" author="Provancher L" box="[917,1155,622,647]" page="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF815786902BFB066EDE" author="Provancher L" box="[917,1155,622,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="33 - 43" refId="ref28758" refString="Provancher L. 1879. Faune Canadienne. Les Insectes-Hymenopteres. Le Naturaliste Canadien. 11 (1 - 13): 33 - 43." type="journal article" year="1879">Provancher 1879: 37</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(descr., key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81554890D4FDDD6EF3" author="Provancher L" box="[347,600,657,682]" page="306" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81554890D4FDDD6EF3" author="Provancher L" box="[347,600,657,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" refId="ref28832" refString="Provancher L. 1883. Petite faune entomologique du Canada et particulierement de la province de Quebec. Vol. II. Comprenant les Orthopteres, les Nevropteres et les Hymenopteres. Quebec: C. Darveau; p. 830. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 38552." type="journal volume" year="1883">Provancher 1883: 306</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(descr., key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8156EC90D4FC6B6EF3" author="Provancher L" box="[767,1006,657,682]" page="36" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1886">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156EC90D4FC6B6EF3" author="Provancher L" box="[767,1006,657,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="475" refId="ref28884" refString="Provancher L. 1886. Additions and corrections au Volume II de la Faune Entomologique du Canada. Traitant des Hymenopteres. Quebec (Canada): Typographie de C. Darveau; p. 475." type="book chapter" year="1886">Provancher 1886: 36</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81505190D4FEA66E94" author="Smith JB" page="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1890">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81505190D4FEA66E94" author="Smith JB" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" refId="ref29436" refString="Smith JB. 1890. Catalogue of the insects found in New Jersey. Trenton (NJ): The John L. Murphy Publishing Company; p. 486. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7907." type="journal volume" year="1890">Smith 1890: 23</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(distr.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81559590F1FDDF6E94" author="Cresson ET" box="[390,602,692,717]" page="191" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1887">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81559590F1FDDF6E94" author="Cresson ET" box="[390,602,692,717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref26851" refString="Cresson ET. 1887. Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a catalogue of the described species, and bibliography. Trans Am Entomol Soc, Supplementary Volume: 1 - 350." type="book chapter" year="1887">Cresson 1887: 191</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(cat.);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8156BE90F1FC276E94" author="Ashmead WH" box="[685,930,692,717]" page="567" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1900">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156BE90F1FC276E94" author="Ashmead WH" box="[685,930,692,717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="501 - 613" refId="ref25985" refString="Ashmead WH. 1900 b. Order Hymenoptera. In: Smith JB, editor. Insects of New Jersey, with notes on those of economic importance. Trenton: McCrellish & Quingley; p. 501 - 613." type="book chapter" year="1900">Ashmead 1900b: 567</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(distr.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81501690F1FEA86EB6" author="Dalla Torre KW" page="790" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81501690F1FEA86EB6" author="Dalla Torre KW" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1141" refId="ref27033" refString="Dalla Torre KW. 1902. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Volumen 3. Trigonalidae, Megalyridae, Stephanidae, Ichneumonidae, Agriotypidae, Evaniidae, Pelecinidae. Lipsiae: Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelman; p. VIII + 1141." type="journal article" year="1902">Dalla Torre 1902: 790</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81556B9093FDD06EB6" author="Cushman RA" box="[376,597,726,751]" page="927" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81556B9093FDD06EB6" author="Cushman RA" box="[376,597,726,751]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="920 - 960" refId="ref26991" refString="Cushman RA. 1928. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Leonard MD, editor. A list of the insects of New York. New York (NY): Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; p. 920 - 960." type="book chapter" year="1928">Cushman 1928: 927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat.).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B390BCFD396F4B" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" box="[160,700,761,786]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFC3FF8154B390BCFD396F4B" box="[160,700,761,786]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B390BCFDE46F4B" author="Bradley JC" box="[160,609,761,786]" page="275" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1903">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B390BCFDE46F4B" authority="Bradley 1903: 275" authorityName="Bradley" authorityPageNumber="275" authorityYear="1903" box="[160,609,761,786]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Apaeleticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B390BCFE166F4B" box="[160,403,761,786]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Apaeleticus thoracicus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81558990BCFDE46F4B" author="Bradley JC" box="[410,609,761,786]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="275 - 283" refId="ref26085" refString="Bradley JC. 1903. The Genus Platylabus, Wesmael, with descriptions of two new species. Can Entomol. 35 (10): 275 - 283. doi: 10.4039 / Ent 35275 b- 10." type="journal article" year="1903">Bradley 1903: 275</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(notes).
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</paragraph>
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|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B39159FD606F6C" author="Viereck HL" box="[160,741,796,821]" page="343" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1917">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B39159FD606F6C" authority="Viereck 1917: 343" authorityName="Viereck" authorityPageNumber="343" authorityYear="1917" box="[160,741,796,821]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Platylabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus" subGenus="Apaeleticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B39159FE956F6C" box="[160,272,796,821]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Platylabus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF81550C9159FE1F6F6C" box="[287,410,796,821]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Apaeleticus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8155BA9159FD9C6F6C" box="[425,537,796,821]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156339159FD606F6C" author="Viereck HL" box="[544,741,796,821]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="824" refId="ref29871" refString="Viereck HL. 1917. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part III. The Hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects of Connecticut. Ichneumonoidea. Hartford (CT): State of Connecticut; p. 824." type="book chapter" year="1917">Viereck 1917: 343</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B3917BFBF56F0E" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" box="[160,1136,830,855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFC3FF8154B3917BFBF56F0E" box="[160,1136,830,855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B3917BFDC66F0E" author="Townes HK" box="[160,579,830,855]" page="316" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1944">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B3917BFDC66F0E" authority="Townes 1944: 316" authorityName="Townes" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="1944" box="[160,579,830,855]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ectopius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B3917BFEF76F0E" box="[160,370,830,855]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Ectopius thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81556A917BFDC66F0E" author="Townes HK" box="[377,579,830,855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 925" refId="ref29633" refString="Townes HK. 1944. A catalogue and reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae. Part I. The subfamily Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 11: 1 - 925." type="journal article" year="1944">Townes 1944: 316</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81569D917BFC6D6F0E" author="Townes HK & Townes M" box="[654,1000,830,855]" page="282" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81569D917BFC6D6F0E" author="Townes HK & Townes M" box="[654,1000,830,855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1420" refId="ref29764" refString="Townes HK, Townes M. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Muesebeck CFW, Krombein KV, Townes HK, editors. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico: Synoptic Catalog. Washington (DC): USDA; p. 1420." type="book chapter" year="1951">Townes and Townes 1951: 282</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(distr., cat.).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B39124FCA76F23" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" box="[160,802,865,890]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFC3FF8154B39124FCA76F23" box="[160,802,865,890]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B39124FD466F23" author="Heinrich G" box="[160,707,865,890]" page="651" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B39124FD466F23" authority="Heinrich 1956: 651" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="651" authorityYear="1956" box="[160,707,865,890]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ectopius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exhortator" subSpecies="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B39124FE6E6F23" box="[160,491,865,890]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Ectopius exhortator thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8155E19124FD466F23" author="Heinrich G" box="[498,707,865,890]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="647 - 652" refId="ref27615" refString="Heinrich G. 1956. Holarctic elements among the Ichneumoninae of Canada. Can Entomol. 88 (11): 647 - 652. doi: 10.4039 / Ent 88647 - 11." type="journal article" year="1956">Heinrich 1956: 651</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(descr.).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B391C1FEFC6FBB" blockId="24.[160,1156,588,994]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFC3FF8154B391C1FEFC6FBB" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8154B391C1FD4B6FC4" author="Heinrich G" box="[160,718,900,925]" page="780" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1962">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8154B391C1FD4B6FC4" ID-CoL="7HBFL" authority="Heinrich 1962 b: 780" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityPageNumber="780" authorityYear="1962" box="[160,718,900,925]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exhortator" subSpecies="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B391C1FE676FC4" box="[160,482,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Linycus exhortator thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8155F991C1FD4B6FC4" author="Heinrich G" box="[490,718,900,925]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b: 780</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(descr., distr., key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8157BC91C1FB066FC4" author="Heinrich G" box="[943,1155,900,925]" page="279" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8157BC91C1FB066FC4" author="Heinrich G" box="[943,1155,900,925]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref28075" refString="Heinrich G. 1977. Ichneumoninae of Florida and neighboring states (Hymenoptera: lchneumonidae, subfamily Ichneumoninae). Arthropods Florida Neighboring Land Areas, Florida Dept Agric Consum Serv. 9: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">Heinrich 1977: 279</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(descr., distr.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF81557591E3FDB46FE6" author="Carlson RW" box="[358,561,934,959]" page="542" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81557591E3FDB46FE6" author="Carlson RW" box="[358,561,934,959]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="315 - 741" refId="ref26617" refString="Carlson RW. 1979. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD, editors. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 315 - 741." type="book chapter" year="1979">Carlson 1979: 542</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat., distr.);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFC3FF8156D491E3FB926FE6" author="Yu DSK & Horstmann K" box="[711,1047,934,959]" page="675" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156D491E3FB926FE6" author="Yu DSK & Horstmann K" box="[711,1047,934,959]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 1558" refId="ref30018" refString="Yu DSK, Horstmann K. 1997. A catalogue of world Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Mem Am Entomol Ins. 58: 1 - 1558." type="journal article" year="1997">Yu and Horstmann 1997: 675</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81507591E3FEB06FBB" author="Yu D & Van Achterberg C & Horstmann K" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" refId="ref30046" refString="Yu D, Van Achterberg C, Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive. Nepean (Canada)." type="book" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8154B39651FE016877" blockId="24.[160,1156,1044,1728]" box="[160,388,1044,1070]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8154B39651FE016877" bold="true" box="[160,388,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
Original
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF81551B9651FEBE6877" box="[264,315,1044,1070]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC3FF8054B39672FB0169A9" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="1894" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC3FF8054B39672FB0169A9" blockId="24.[160,1156,1044,1728]" lastBlockId="25.[160,1156,1010,1520]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="1894" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">
|
||
Lecotype
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC3FF815501967DFEA36816" box="[274,294,1080,1103]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(originally described as
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC3FF815655967DFDDF6816" box="[582,602,1080,1103]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81569F9672FCB26809" author="Cresson ET" box="[652,823,1079,1104]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson (1864)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, see below) (ANSP).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8150389672FF5A682A" author="Cresson ET" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson (1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 288) described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC3FF8155D8961FFD53682A" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1864" box="[459,726,1114,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplismenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC3FF8155D8961FFD53682A" box="[459,726,1114,1139]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Hoplismenus thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from ‘Hab.–
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC3FF815764961FFB8A682A" box="[887,1039,1114,1139]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Mr.Tryon Reakirt [= collected by Mr.Tryon Reakirt]’ reporting it as a male but without specifying the number of specimens included in the description.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81571B96DAFC2268E1" author="Cresson ET" box="[776,935,1183,1208]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson (1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 59), in his list of types, reported the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF8155959687FE6A6882" box="[390,495,1218,1243]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
having the ‘Left antenna off’.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8157419687FC756882" author="Townes HK" box="[850,1008,1218,1243]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 925" refId="ref29633" refString="Townes HK. 1944. A catalogue and reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneumonidae. Part I. The subfamily Ichneumoninae, Tryphoninae, Crytinae, Phaeogeninae and Lissonotinae. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 11: 1 - 925." type="journal article" year="1944">Townes (1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 316) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8154B396A0FE4968A7" author="Townes HK & Townes M" box="[160,460,1253,1278]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1420" refId="ref29764" refString="Townes HK, Townes M. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Muesebeck CFW, Krombein KV, Townes HK, editors. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico: Synoptic Catalog. Washington (DC): USDA; p. 1420." type="book chapter" year="1951">Townes and Townes (1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 282) did not specify any number of specimens, but simply reported the information given in the literature. Later on,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81570E9742FC4B6979" author="Heinrich G" box="[797,974,1287,1312]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich (1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 780) referred to the specimen as the ‘Holotypus’, highlighting the fact that the actual sex is female and not male.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8155079708FE2B693F" author="Carlson RW" box="[276,430,1357,1382]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="315 - 741" refId="ref26617" refString="Carlson RW. 1979. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD, editors. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 315 - 741." type="book chapter" year="1979">Carlson (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 317) stated that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8156859708FCB3693F" author="Cresson ET" box="[662,822,1357,1382]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson (1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 1) ‘indicated which single specimen was to be regarded as the type for each; thus he selected
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF8157B0972AFB9269D1" box="[931,1047,1391,1416]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="lectotype">lectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
for those cases in which he had described a species from more than one specimen’.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8157F797D7FBFB69F2" author="Hopper HP" box="[996,1150,1426,1451]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="968" refId="ref28177" refString="Hopper HP. 1984. On the question of the selector of the lectotypes of the species of Ichneumonidae describe by Ezra Townsend Cresson. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 86: 968." type="journal article" year="1984">Hopper (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 968) reported being unable to see how it can be claimed that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81576397F0FB906997" author="Cresson ET" box="[880,1045,1461,1486]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated a single specimen to be the type. This statement contradicted
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81579F9792FBC269A9" author="Cresson ET" box="[908,1095,1495,1520]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson’s (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
own statement that ‘In selecting the single type the author has been governed by the present condition of the original material, and has always selected the perfect, or more nearly perfect specimen’ and suggests that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81565F947AFD746A01" author="Hopper HP" box="[588,753,1599,1624]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="968" refId="ref28177" refString="Hopper HP. 1984. On the question of the selector of the lectotypes of the species of Ichneumonidae describe by Ezra Townsend Cresson. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 86: 968." type="journal article" year="1984">Hopper (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
overlooked this clear indication of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF8154B39427FED36A22" author="Cresson ET" box="[160,342,1634,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson’s (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
intention of selecting a single name-bearing type (i.e. a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF8157C19427FBBE6A22" box="[978,1083,1634,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in the modern sense).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81554E94C0FD926AC7" author="Cresson ET" box="[349,535,1669,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson’s (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF81563094C0FD096AC7" box="[547,652,1669,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation was valid and no subsequent
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC3FF8154B394E2FE8E6A99" box="[160,267,1703,1728]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation has any validity (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC3FF81566494E2FD716A99" author="ICZN & International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[631,756,1703,1728]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1893" pagination="306" refId="ref28238" refString="ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. 1999. International code of Zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. London (UK): The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature; p. 306." type="book chapter" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Article 74.1.1). The fact that the selected specimen eventually could no longer be traced, as suggested by various subsequent authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF8055779650FD956877" author="Heinrich G" box="[356,528,1045,1070]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 780;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF80567C9650FC846877" author="Hopper HP" box="[623,769,1045,1070]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="968" refId="ref28177" refString="Hopper HP. 1984. On the question of the selector of the lectotypes of the species of Ichneumonidae describe by Ezra Townsend Cresson. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 86: 968." type="journal article" year="1984">Hopper 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), could be explained by collection mismanagement and has no influence on the validity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC2FF80577B9672FC546809" box="[872,977,1079,1104]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
selection. Only a careful study of Cresson’s collection can provide more insights. Moreover, the mismatch between the original sex description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF8056779638FC8768CF" author="Cresson ET" box="[612,770,1149,1174]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref26896" refString="Cresson ET. 1916. The Cresson types of Hymenoptera. Mem Am Entomol Soc. 1: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1916">Cresson (1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 59) (male) and the observation of a female by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF80555C96DAFD8768E1" author="Heinrich G" box="[335,514,1183,1208]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich (1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 780) is troubling.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF8056EB96DAFC1168E1" author="Hopper HP" box="[760,916,1183,1208]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="968" refId="ref28177" refString="Hopper HP. 1984. On the question of the selector of the lectotypes of the species of Ichneumonidae describe by Ezra Townsend Cresson. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 86: 968." type="journal article" year="1984">Hopper (1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 968) experienced a similar situation when, looking at Cresson’s type housed at ANSP and stored in a separate case, he found a mismatch of sexes between the original description and the segregated specimen. Apparently, the two former curators of the collection had personally hand-picked the specimens from the original type series and stored them in a different drawer, and because they both worked on different taxa, they were not skilled in identifying the sex of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC2FF8055A5972AFCE069D1" authority="(Hopper 1984, p. 968)" baseAuthorityName="Hopper" baseAuthorityPageNumber="968" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[438,869,1391,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Ichneumonidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF805660972AFC8D69D1" author="Hopper HP" box="[627,776,1391,1416]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="968" refId="ref28177" refString="Hopper HP. 1984. On the question of the selector of the lectotypes of the species of Ichneumonidae describe by Ezra Townsend Cresson. Proc Entomol Soc Wash. 86: 968." type="journal article" year="1984">Hopper 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 968)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, there is a real possibility that the original description contained more than
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC2FF80574297D7FC7569F2" box="[849,1008,1426,1451]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
and that the curators at ANSP selected only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC2FF8055E897F0FD1D6997" box="[507,664,1461,1486]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
that later was regarded as the ‘holotype’ by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF8054B39792FED469A9" author="Heinrich G" box="[160,337,1495,1520]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich (1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 780). Only a careful study of Cresson’s collection can resolve the issue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B664DFFC2FF8054B3912FFD946FC6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7397665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7397665/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" startId="25.[160,225,874,897]" targetBox="[163,1151,143,842]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC2FF8054B3912FFD946FC6" blockId="25.[160,1156,874,927]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC2FF8054B3912FFE8D6FD8" bold="true" box="[160,264,874,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">Figure 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC2FF805503912FFD416FD8" authority="(Cresson, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Cresson" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[272,708,874,897]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exhortaor" subSpecies="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC2FF805503912FFDA16FD8" box="[272,548,874,897]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">Linycus exhortaor thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC2FF805622912FFD396FD8" author="Cresson ET" box="[561,700,874,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, distributional map: known records (in blue) and newly recorded state (in yellow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC2FF8354B39469FDA36FD9" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="1895" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC2FF8054B39469FEB36A1F" blockId="25.[160,606,1580,1640]" box="[160,310,1580,1606]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC2FF8054B39469FEB36A1F" bold="true" box="[160,310,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC2FF8054B39469FF5D6A1F" box="[160,216,1580,1606]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC2FF8054B3940AFDDB6A31" blockId="25.[160,606,1580,1640]" box="[160,606,1615,1640]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC2FF8054B3940AFDDF6A31" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824386" box="[160,602,1615,1640]" country="United States of America" location="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pennsylvania" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC2FF8054B3940AFE3F6A31" box="[160,442,1615,1640]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">United States of America</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC2FF8055D6940AFDDF6A31" box="[453,602,1615,1640]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="1894">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B392CBFEFA6CF1" blockId="26.[160,1157,142,619]" box="[160,383,142,168]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B392CBFEFA6CF1" bold="true" box="[160,383,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B392F7FC0C6E32" blockId="26.[160,1157,142,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8354B392F7FEF96CB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824381" collectingDate="2010-10-02" collectorName="Cambridge" country="United States of America" county="Middlesex County" location="Middlesex County" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Massachusetts">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC1FF8354B392F7FD846C92" box="[160,513,178,203]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83560292F7FD5B6C92" box="[529,734,178,203]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">MASSACHUSETTS</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8356FE92F7FCEA6C92" box="[749,879,178,203]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Cambridge</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AA4E49FFC1FF83576C92F7FBDD6C92" box="[895,1112,178,203]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Middlesex County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF83507B92F7FEC06CB4" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2010-10-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF83507B92F7FEC06CB4" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2010-10-02">02 October 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, det
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83556F9291FE196CB4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824357" box="[380,412,212,237]" collectingDate="2010-10-02" collectorName="Cambridge" country="United States of America" county="Middlesex County" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Middlesex County" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Massachusetts">. B</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83558F9291FDB56D49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824360" collectingDate="2010-09-01" collectorName="Carlson & Bolton" country="United States of America" county="Worcester County" isTailEnumeration="true" location="BugGuide" municipality="BugGuide" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Massachusetts">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8355BF9291FD816CB4" box="[428,516,212,237]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Carlson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF8356009291FDCC6CB5" box="[531,585,212,237]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAFACBFFFC1FF83564F9291FD566CB4" box="[604,723,212,237]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">BugGuide</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
); idem,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AA4E49FFC1FF8357279291FB8F6CB4" box="[820,1034,212,237]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Worcester County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83500B9291FBE36CB4" box="[1048,1126,212,237]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Bolton</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8350659291FEE56D49" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2010-09-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF8350659291FEE56D49" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2010-09-01">1 September 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF83557D92B2FE216D57" box="[366,420,247,272]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8355A692B2FDAC6D49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8355A692B2FDAC6D49" box="[437,553,247,272]" country="United States of America" county="Worcester County" municipality="BugGuide" name="BugGuide" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Massachusetts">BugGuide</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83562D92B2FE8B6D6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824313" collectingDate="2013-09-14" collectorName="Beavercreek" country="United States of America" county="Greene County" location="Greene County" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohio">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83562D92B2FDF86D49" box="[574,637,247,272]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">OHIO</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AA4E49FFC1FF83569892B2FCBE6D49" box="[651,827,247,272]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Greene County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83575A92B2FC566D49" box="[841,979,247,272]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Beavercreek</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8357F292B2FF5C6D6A" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2013-09-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF8357F292B2FF5C6D6A" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2013-09-14">14 September 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, det
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83551E935FFEAE6D6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824312" box="[269,299,282,307]" collectingDate="2013-09-14" collectorName="Beavercreek" country="United States of America" county="Greene County" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Greene County" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohio">. B</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF835538935FFDC36D6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824315" box="[299,582,282,307]" collectorName="Carlson" country="United States of America" location="BugGuide" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Ohio">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83552B935FFE0B6D6A" box="[312,398,282,307]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Carlson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF835589935FFE396D68" box="[410,444,282,307]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8355D8935FFDBA6D6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8355D8935FFDBA6D6A" box="[459,575,282,307]" country="United States of America" name="BugGuide" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Ohio">BugGuide</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF835641935FFC226D6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824308" box="[594,935,282,307]" country="United States of America" location="Grafton Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF835641935FFC9F6D6A" box="[594,794,282,307]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">NEW HAMPSHIRE</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF835735935FFC226D6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF835735935FFC226D6A" box="[806,935,282,307]" country="United States of America" name="Grafton Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Grafton Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
., Bedell Bridge S.P., Oliverian Brook, Malaise Trap,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8356129379FCF06D0C" box="[513,885,316,341]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1992-09-30" valueMax="1992-10-21" valueMin="1992-09-30">30 September–21 October 1992</date>
|
||
, leg
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8357BB9379FC4C6D0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824350" box="[936,969,316,341]" country="United States of America" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Grafton Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">. D</materialsCitation>
|
||
.S
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8357CE9379FE306D21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824333" collectionCode="UNHC" collectorName="Chandler" country="United States of America" location="Westchester Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8357FF9379FBD16D0C" box="[1004,1108,316,341]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Chandler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF8350729379FB066D0D" box="[1121,1155,316,341]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8354B5931AFF756D21" box="[166,240,351,376]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UNHC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF835512931AFE306D21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF835512931AFE306D21" box="[257,437,351,376]" country="United States of America" name="Westchester Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Westchester Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
., Armonk, Calder Center, Malaise Trap,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF83577C931AFB056D21" box="[879,1152,351,376]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1974-07-26" valueMax="1974-08-02" valueMin="1974-07-26">26 July–02 August 1974</date>
|
||
, leg
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8354D693C7FF656DC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824371" box="[197,224,386,411]" collectionCode="UNHC" collectorName="Chandler" country="United States of America" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Westchester Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">. C</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8354F393C7FCD06DC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824363" box="[224,853,386,411]" collectingDate="1974-07-12" collectingDateMax="1974-07-18" collectingDateMin="1974-07-12" collectionCode="UNHC" collectorName="Calmbacher" country="United States of America" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Westchester Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8354F993C7FEF76DC2" box="[234,370,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Calmbacher</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF83556893C7FE186DC0" box="[379,413,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8355BA93C7FE766DC2" box="[425,499,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UNHC</collectionCode>
|
||
); idem,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF83565593C7FD7C6DC2" box="[582,761,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1974-07-12" valueMax="1974-07-18" valueMin="1974-07-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF83565593C7FD7C6DC2" box="[582,761,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1974-07-12" valueMax="1974-07-18" valueMin="1974-07-12">12–18 July 1974</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF83571693C7FCCA6DC2" box="[773,847,386,411]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UNHC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83574D93C7FBDF6DC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824399" box="[862,1114,386,411]" country="United States of America" location="Albany Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New York">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83574D93C7FC5F6DC2" box="[862,986,386,411]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">NEW YORK</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8357F193C7FBDF6DC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8357F193C7FBDF6DC2" box="[994,1114,386,411]" country="United States of America" name="Albany Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="New York">Albany Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
., nr.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8354B393E1FC746DE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824339" box="[160,1009,420,445]" collectingDate="1967-08-17" collectionCode="FSCA" collectorName="Rensselaerville Huyck Preserve" country="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="New York">
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8354B393E1FD846DE4" box="[160,513,420,445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Rensselaerville Huyck Preserve</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod id="52354ED2FFC1FF83561C93E1FD1A6DE4" box="[527,671,420,445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8356BE93E1FCED6DE4" box="[685,872,420,445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1967-08-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF8356BE93E1FCED6DE4" box="[685,872,420,445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1967-08-17">17 August 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF83576493E1FC1C6DE5" box="[887,921,420,445]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8357B993E1FC6E6DE4" box="[938,1003,420,445]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8357ED93E1FE9D6DB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824361" country="United States of America" location="Sevier Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8357ED93E1FB056DE4" box="[1022,1152,420,445]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">TENNESSEE</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8354B39382FE9D6DB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8354B39382FE9D6DB9" box="[160,280,455,480]" country="United States of America" name="Sevier Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Tennessee">Sevier Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83553F9382FDB16DB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824345" box="[300,564,455,480]" country="United States of America" location="Twin Creek" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
GSMNP
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF83559C9382FD906DB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF83559C9382FD906DB9" box="[399,533,455,480]" country="United States of America" name="Twin Creek" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Tennessee">Twin Creek</location>
|
||
R
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.C., old field, Malaise Trap,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B20FFC1FF8357919382FC5E6DB9" box="[898,987,455,480]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.92836" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" unit="ft" value="1945.0">1945 ft</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE405002FFC1FF8357FE9382FB056DB9" box="[1005,1152,455,480]" degrees="35.685972" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" precision="1" value="35.68597">35.685972°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE405002FFC1FF8354B393AFFEB06E5A" box="[160,309,490,515]" degrees="83.500361" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" precision="1" value="-83.50036">83.500361°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF83555293AFFDA96E5A" box="[321,556,490,515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2003-10-20" valueMax="2003-10-22" valueMin="2003-10-20">20–22 October 2003</date>
|
||
, leg
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF83564D93AFFDBE6E7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824334" collectingDate="2004-05-07" collectingDateMax="2004-05-14" collectingDateMin="2004-05-07" collectionCode="UCFC" collectorName="Steck & Sutton & Mayor" country="United States of America" location="Blount Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83567993AFFD2C6E5A" box="[618,681,490,515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Steck</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8356A693AFFC856E5A" box="[693,768,490,515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Sutton</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83573093AFFCE96E5A" box="[803,876,490,515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Mayor</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF83576B93AFFC2B6E58" box="[888,942,490,515]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8357AE93AFFB846E5A" box="[957,1025,490,515]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jmgc-zvz7" name="University of Central Florida" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UCFC</collectionCode>
|
||
); idem,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF83504993AFFEB06E7C" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2004-05-07" valueMax="2004-05-14" valueMin="2004-05-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF83504993AFFEB06E7C" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2004-05-07" valueMax="2004-05-14" valueMin="2004-05-07">07– 14 May 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF8355529049FEE76E7D" box="[321,354,524,549]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8355629049FE306E7C" box="[369,437,524,549]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jmgc-zvz7" name="University of Central Florida" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UCFC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8355D59049FDBE6E7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8355D59049FDBE6E7C" box="[454,571,524,549]" country="United States of America" name="Blount Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Tennessee">Blount Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8356599049FC936E7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824394" box="[586,790,524,549]" country="United States of America" location="Cades Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
GSMNP
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8356B49049FC936E7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8356B49049FC936E7C" box="[679,790,524,549]" country="United States of America" name="Cades Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cades Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8357369049FC286E7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824316" box="[805,941,524,549]" country="United States of America" location="Abrams Crk" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8357369049FC286E7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8357369049FC286E7C" box="[805,941,524,549]" country="United States of America" name="Abrams Crk" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Tennessee">Abrams Crk</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
., old field – gallery forest edge,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B20FFC1FF835520906AFE036E11" box="[307,390,559,584]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.24256" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" unit="ft" value="1720.0">1720 ft</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE405002FFC1FF835586906AFDA06E11" box="[405,549,559,584]" degrees="35.593056" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" precision="1" value="35.593056">35.593056°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE405002FFC1FF835621906AFD426E11" box="[562,711,559,584]" degrees="83.842500" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" precision="1" value="-83.8425">83.842500°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8356C7906AFC146E11" box="[724,913,559,584]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="2003-07-09" valueMax="2003-07-17" valueMin="2003-07-09">09–17 July 2003</date>
|
||
, leg
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8357D7906AFEE96E32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824353" collectionCode="UCFC" collectorName="Steck & Sutton & Mayor" country="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8357C1906AFB946E11" box="[978,1041,559,584]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Steck</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF83500D906AFBEC6E11" box="[1054,1129,559,584]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Sutton</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26815313FFC1FF8354B39017FF6C6E32" box="[160,233,594,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Mayor</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF8354E09017FE906E30" box="[243,277,594,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8355319017FEE36E32" box="[290,358,594,619]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jmgc-zvz7" name="University of Central Florida" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UCFC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8355659017FDDD6E32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824337" box="[374,600,594,619]" country="United States of America" location="Smyth Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Virginia">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355659017FE596E32" box="[374,476,594,619]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">VIRGINIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EAB601EFFC1FF8355F59017FDDD6E32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFC3FF82556493A2FD5E6D56:8EAB601EFFC1FF8355F59017FDDD6E32" box="[486,600,594,619]" country="United States of America" name="Smyth Co" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" stateProvince="Virginia">Smyth Co</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3C98FFC1FF8356759017FC006E32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3986824401" box="[614,901,594,619]" collectingDate="1975-05-09" collectionCode="VMNH" country="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Virginia">
|
||
<date id="FFCA1005FFC1FF8356759017FD7D6E32" box="[614,760,594,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1975-05-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9EDFFC1FF8356759017FD7D6E32" box="[614,760,594,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" value="1975-05-09">09 May 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFC1FF8357109017FCA16E30" box="[771,804,594,619]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED65AE00FFC1FF8357219017FCFA6E32" box="[818,895,594,619]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zxpe-c0as" name="Virginia Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">VMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B390D3FDA76EE9" blockId="26.[160,1155,662,896]" box="[160,546,662,688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B390D3FDA76EE9" bold="true" box="[160,546,662,688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B390D3FE136EE9" bold="true" box="[160,406,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Updated distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A40FFC1FF8355B590D3FD9F6EE9" box="[422,538,662,688]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="25.[160,225,874,897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,143,842]" captionTargetId="figure-231@25.[162,1152,142,843]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 16. Linycus exhortaor thoracicus (Cresson, 1864), distributional map: known records (in blue) and newly recorded state (in yellow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7397665/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B390FFFDA36FD9" blockId="26.[160,1155,662,896]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC1FF8354B390FFFE826E8A" box="[160,263,698,723]" name="Canada" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">CANADA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83551C90FFFEE66E8A" box="[271,355,698,723]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83557C90FFFD9F6E8A" author="Heinrich G" box="[367,538,698,723]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC1FF83563F90FFFCEB6E8A" box="[556,878,698,723]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83576490FFFC4A6E8A" box="[887,975,698,723]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8357C890FFFBF36E8A" author="Heinrich G" box="[987,1142,698,723]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref28075" refString="Heinrich G. 1977. Ichneumoninae of Florida and neighboring states (Hymenoptera: lchneumonidae, subfamily Ichneumoninae). Arthropods Florida Neighboring Land Areas, Florida Dept Agric Consum Serv. 9: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">Heinrich 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354B39099FF706EAC" box="[160,245,732,757]" country="United States of America" name="Indiana" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Indiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8355199099FE466EAC" author="Heinrich G" box="[266,451,732,757]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355CC9099FDA06EAC" box="[479,549,732,757]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8356299099FD776EAC" author="Heinrich G" box="[570,754,732,757]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83571C9099FC336EAC" box="[783,950,732,757]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8357D99099FBF36EAC" author="Carlson B" box="[970,1142,732,757]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" refId="ref26495" refString="Carlson B. 2010 a. Linycus exhortator. BugGuide; [accessed 2021 Nov 11]. https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 461033." type="journal volume" year="2010">Carlson 2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354B390BAFE826F41" box="[160,263,767,792]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Michigan</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83550B90BAFE4D6F41" author="Heinrich G" box="[280,456,767,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355CC90BAFDB96F41" box="[479,572,767,792]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Missouri</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83565E90BAFD796F41" author="Heinrich G" box="[589,764,767,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83570790BAFC4F6F41" box="[788,970,767,792]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8357C890BAFBF36F41" author="Cresson ET" box="[987,1142,767,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="129 - 212" refId="ref26812" refString="Cresson ET. 1877. Notes on the species belonging to the subfamily Ichneumonides, found in America north of Mexico. Trans Am Entomol Soc. 6: 129 - 212. doi: 10.2307 / 25076321." type="journal article" year="1877">Cresson 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354B39167FEA46F62" box="[160,289,802,827]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8355229167FE306F62" author="Smith JB" box="[305,437,802,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" refId="ref29436" refString="Smith JB. 1890. Catalogue of the insects found in New Jersey. Trenton (NJ): The John L. Murphy Publishing Company; p. 486. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7907." type="journal volume" year="1890">Smith 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355DF9167FDBE6F62" box="[460,571,802,827]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8356589167FD626F62" author="Cresson ET" box="[587,743,802,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="129 - 212" refId="ref26812" refString="Cresson ET. 1877. Notes on the species belonging to the subfamily Ichneumonides, found in America north of Mexico. Trans Am Entomol Soc. 6: 129 - 212. doi: 10.2307 / 25076321." type="journal article" year="1877">Cresson 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8356ED9167FCB16F62" box="[766,820,802,827]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8357579167FC5F6F62" author="Carlson B" box="[836,986,802,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" refId="ref26557" refString="Carlson B. 2011. Ambloplisus ornatus. BugGuide; [accessed 2021 Oct 18]. https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 583221." type="journal volume" year="2011">Carlson 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8357E29167FB066F62" box="[1009,1155,802,827]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8354B59101FEC66F04" author="Cresson ET" box="[166,323,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="257 - 321" refId="ref26701" refString="Cresson ET. 1864. Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the entomological society of Philadelphia. Proc Entomol Soc Philadelphia. 3: 257 - 321." type="journal article" year="1864">Cresson 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8355469101FE096F04" author="Cresson ET" box="[341,396,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="129 - 212" refId="ref26812" refString="Cresson ET. 1877. Notes on the species belonging to the subfamily Ichneumonides, found in America north of Mexico. Trans Am Entomol Soc. 6: 129 - 212. doi: 10.2307 / 25076321." type="journal article" year="1877">1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355B69101FDB96F04" box="[421,572,836,861]" country="United States of America" name="Rhode Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Rhode Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83565E9101FC076F04" author="Townes HK & Townes M" box="[589,898,836,861]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="1420" refId="ref29764" refString="Townes HK, Townes M. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Muesebeck CFW, Krombein KV, Townes HK, editors. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico: Synoptic Catalog. Washington (DC): USDA; p. 1420." type="book chapter" year="1951">Townes and Townes 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8357889101FB946F04" box="[923,1041,836,861]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8350309101FF526FD9" author="Heinrich G" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref28075" refString="Heinrich G. 1977. Ichneumoninae of Florida and neighboring states (Hymenoptera: lchneumonidae, subfamily Ichneumoninae). Arthropods Florida Neighboring Land Areas, Florida Dept Agric Consum Serv. 9: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">Heinrich 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354F89122FEC56FD9" box="[235,320,871,896]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF83555C9122FD9C6FD9" bold="true" box="[335,537,871,896]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">new state record</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC1FF8354B391E9FC1068E1" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B391E9FF536F9F" blockId="26.[160,1155,940,1035]" box="[160,214,940,966]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B391E9FF536F9F" bold="true" box="[160,214,940,966]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Host</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B3918AFBCD6852" blockId="26.[160,1155,940,1035]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
Although host records for the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC1FF835698918AFD7E6FB1" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1864" box="[651,763,975,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hoplismenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF835698918AFD7E6FB1" box="[651,763,975,1000]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unknown, the nominate subspecies (Europe) is a parasitoid of Geomemetridae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC1FF8356F091B7FCEB6852" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[739,878,1010,1035]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83579291B7FBB96852" author="Shaw M & Kan P & Kan-van & Limburg Stirum B" box="[897,1084,1010,1035]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="65 - 85" refId="ref29274" refString="Shaw M, Kan P, Kan-van Limburg Stirum B. 2015. Emergence behaviour of adult Trogus lapidator (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Heresiarchini) from pupa of its host Papilio machaon L. (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae), with a comparative overview of emergence of Ichneumonidae from Lepidoptera pupae in Europe. J Hymenopt Res. 47: 65 - 85." type="journal article" year="2015">Shaw et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B39673FF5F6809" blockId="26.[160,1155,1078,1208]" box="[160,218,1078,1104]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B39673FF5F6809" bold="true" box="[160,218,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B3961FFC1068E1" blockId="26.[160,1155,1078,1208]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
The first description of a male was provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8356A3961FFCD6682A" author="Heinrich G" box="[688,851,1114,1139]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="647 - 652" refId="ref27615" refString="Heinrich G. 1956. Holarctic elements among the Ichneumoninae of Canada. Can Entomol. 88 (11): 647 - 652. doi: 10.4039 / Ent 88647 - 11." type="journal article" year="1956">Heinrich (1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 651). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF835035961FFF5A68CF" author="Heinrich G" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="647 - 652" refId="ref27615" refString="Heinrich G. 1956. Holarctic elements among the Ichneumoninae of Canada. Can Entomol. 88 (11): 647 - 652. doi: 10.4039 / Ent 88647 - 11." type="journal article" year="1956">Heinrich (1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 651) did not realise the problem with the sex of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFC1FF83574F9638FC3B68CF" box="[860,958,1149,1174]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(see above, Type series), and believed he had described the female for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFC1FF8254B396A1FD5E6D56" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="1896" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8354B396A1FE9B68A7" blockId="26.[160,1156,1252,1728]" box="[160,286,1252,1278]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF8354B396A1FE9B68A7" bold="true" box="[160,286,1252,1278]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFC1FF8254B39742FD5E6D56" blockId="26.[160,1156,1252,1728]" lastBlockId="27.[160,1156,142,271]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="1896" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC1FF83553F9742FD336979" authority="(Fabricius, 1787)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[300,694,1287,1312]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exhortator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF83553F9742FE706979" box="[300,501,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Linycus exhortator</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius, 1787)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is represented by three subspecies, one with a European distribution (the nominotypical subspecies), and the other two occurring in the Nearctic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83555F9708FE72693F" author="Heinrich G" box="[332,503,1357,1382]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="677 - 802" refId="ref27808" refString="Heinrich G. 1962 b. Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the Northeastern Region (Hymenoptera). Part VI. Synopsis of the lchneumonini (Genus Plagiotrypes), Acanthojoppini, Listrodromini and Platylabini. Can Entomol. S 27: 677 - 802. doi: 10. 4039 / entm 9427 fv." type="journal article" year="1962">Heinrich 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 780). Of these two, only one occurs in the south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC1FF8354B3972AFEBD69D1" box="[160,312,1391,1416]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC1FF835552972AFDC469D1" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1962" box="[321,577,1391,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exhortator" subSpecies="thoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC1FF835552972AFDC469D1" box="[321,577,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">L. exhortator thoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately, there are some issues regarding the state distribution of this latter subspecies within the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3637655FFC1FF83570697D7FCB369F2" box="[789,822,1426,1451]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83575697D7FBFB69F2" author="Townes HK & Townes M" box="[837,1150,1426,1451]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="1420" refId="ref29764" refString="Townes HK, Townes M. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Muesebeck CFW, Krombein KV, Townes HK, editors. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico: Synoptic Catalog. Washington (DC): USDA; p. 1420." type="book chapter" year="1951">Townes and Townes (1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 282) reported only three states for the distribution of the subspecies, namely
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354B39792FE9469A9" box="[160,273,1495,1520]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83550E9792FE2A69A9" box="[285,431,1495,1520]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8355FF9792FD0769A9" box="[492,642,1495,1520]" country="United States of America" name="Rhode Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Rhode Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF83569D9792FCB969A9" author="Yu D & Van Achterberg C & Horstmann K" box="[654,828,1495,1520]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" refId="ref30046" refString="Yu D, Van Achterberg C, Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive. Nepean (Canada)." type="book" year="2016">Yu et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not report
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8357E39792FB0669A9" box="[1008,1155,1495,1520]" country="United States of America" name="Rhode Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Rhode Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
in their catalogue. Another issue revolves around
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8356DD97BFFCE26A4A" author="Carlson RW" box="[718,871,1530,1555]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="315 - 741" refId="ref26617" refString="Carlson RW. 1979. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD, editors. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 315 - 741." type="book chapter" year="1979">Carlson (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 542). In his catalogue, the author mentioned the species as occurring from ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8356E49458FCBA6A6F" box="[759,831,1565,1590]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||
s. to Va., w. to Wis. And Mo’. This distribution probably stems from the idea already advanced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC1FF8357C6947AFBF86A01" author="Heinrich G" box="[981,1149,1599,1624]" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref28075" refString="Heinrich G. 1977. Ichneumoninae of Florida and neighboring states (Hymenoptera: lchneumonidae, subfamily Ichneumoninae). Arthropods Florida Neighboring Land Areas, Florida Dept Agric Consum Serv. 9: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">Heinrich (1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 279) that the taxon is probably widespread throughout the eastern part of the country, ‘From
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF8354F594C0FEC86AC7" box="[230,333,1669,1694]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Michigan</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Ontario south to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC1FF83565394C0FD1D6AC7" box="[576,664,1669,1694]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="26" pageNumber="1895">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Tennessee’. However, these statements are too vague and inconsistent, and it is not clear whether they are substantiated by any specimens. Therefore, we are not considering
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC0FF82568F92CBFCD06CFE" author="Heinrich G" box="[668,853,142,167]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref28075" refString="Heinrich G. 1977. Ichneumoninae of Florida and neighboring states (Hymenoptera: lchneumonidae, subfamily Ichneumoninae). Arthropods Florida Neighboring Land Areas, Florida Dept Agric Consum Serv. 9: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">Heinrich’s (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC0FF82579992CBFBBC6CFE" author="Carlson RW" box="[906,1081,142,167]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896" pagination="315 - 741" refId="ref26617" refString="Carlson RW. 1979. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD, editors. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 315 - 741." type="book chapter" year="1979">Carlson’s (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
vague statements to represent valid distributional records – even though they are very probably true. The records from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC0FF8256039291FD376CB4" box="[528,690,212,237]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B0F827FFC0FF8256FF9291FCA76CB4" box="[748,802,212,237]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
are from BugGuide and identified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC0FF8254E692B3FE1E6D56" author="Carlson B" box="[245,411,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896" refId="ref26495" refString="Carlson B. 2010 a. Linycus exhortator. BugGuide; [accessed 2021 Nov 11]. https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 461033." type="journal volume" year="2010">Carlson (2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFC0FF8255BB92B3FE5A6D56" author="Carlson B" box="[424,479,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896" refId="ref26587" refString="Carlson B. 2013. Linycus exhortator. BugGuide; [accessed 2021 Nov 11]. https: // bugguide. net / node / view / 458981." type="journal volume" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFC0FF82561E92B3FD516D56" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[525,724,246,271]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Linycus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exhortator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFC0FF82561E92B3FD516D56" box="[525,724,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1896">Linycus exhortator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |