treatments-xml/data/63/0B/BD/630BBD3A49587506CCBAE5CE2864451C.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d9d73e2-c94a-416c-b943-c3ab14a22df0" ID-PMC="PMC6041354" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-770-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" ID-PubMed="30002590" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310213" ID-ZooBank="4D984FDD93664D8B8A8E9D4B3F9B8EFB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-770-43" checkinTime="1530781150282" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubauer, Thomas A., Velde, Sabrina van de, Yanina, Tamara &amp; Wesselingh, Frank P." docDate="2018" docId="630BBD3A49587506CCBAE5CE2864451C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 770: 43-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 770" docPubDate="2018-07-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365" docTitle="Turricaspia lyrata" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFA0FF981B4D3C194F12F960FFCFFF05" masterDocTitle="A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668165966764" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A late Pleistocene gastropod fauna from the northern Caspian Sea with implications for Pontocaspian gastropod taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Neubauer, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32 IFZ, 35392 Giessen, Germany &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Velde, Sabrina van de</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yanina, Tamara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wesselingh, Frank P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>770</mods:number>
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<mods:start>43</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.770.25365</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229646" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:630BBD3A49587506CCBAE5CE2864451C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/630BBD3A49587506CCBAE5CE2864451C" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authority="(B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fig. 12A-K</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
*1915 
<taxonomicName authorityName="B.Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="lyrata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. lyrata</taxonomicName>
nov. var.; B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 117, pl. 2, fig. 18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1915 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. incisata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="incisata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. incisata</taxonomicName>
nov. var.; B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 117, pl. 2, fig. 19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1915 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. striata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="striata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. striata</taxonomicName>
nov. var.; B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 117, pl. 2, fig. 20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1917 
<taxonomicName authorityName="B.Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="lyrata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. lyrata</taxonomicName>
nov. var. - B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 17, pl. 3, fig. 25.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1917 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. incisata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="incisata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. incisata</taxonomicName>
nov. var. - B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 18, pl. 3, fig. 26.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1917 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. striata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="striata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica Eichw. var. striata</taxonomicName>
nov. var. - B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki: 18, pl. 3, fig. 27.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
1969 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Neubauer &amp; Velde &amp; Yanina &amp; Wesselingh" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Neubauer &amp; Velde &amp; Yanina &amp; Wesselingh" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pyrgula</taxonomicName>
[(
<taxonomicName authorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" authorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Turricaspia</taxonomicName>
)] 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; J. Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula lirata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lirata">Pyrgula lirata</taxonomicName>
[sic] (Dyb. et Gr.). - Logvinenko &amp; Starobogatov: 365, fig. 362 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
2006 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; J. Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula lirata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lirata">Pyrgula lirata</taxonomicName>
[sic] (B. Dybowski et Grochmalicki, 1915). - Kantor &amp; Sysoev: 101, pl. 46, fig. E.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">Turricaspia lyrata</taxonomicName>
2016 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; J. Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula lirata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lirata">Pyrgula lirata</taxonomicName>
[sic] (B. Dybowski et Grochmalicki, 1915). - Vinarski &amp; Kantor: 240.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation abbreviationString="LV 201513" accessionNumber="LV 201512, LV 201513" collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectionCode="RGM, LV" prefix="LV" specimenCode="RGM 1309802, RGM 1309825, RGM 1310209, RGM 1310213, RGM 1310214, RGM 1310216, RGM 1310218, LV 201512, LV 201513" specimenCount="562" type="Arabic" value="201501" valueMax="201750" valueMin="201501" values="201501-201530,201731-201750">
<specimenCount type="generic">562 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode>RGM 1309802</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1309825</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1310209</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1310213</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1310214</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1310216</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>RGM 1310218</specimenCode>
-1310220, 
<specimenCode>LV 201512</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode>LV 201513</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectionCode="ZIN" specimenCode="ZIN 4552" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCode>ZIN 4552</specimenCode>
/1 (
<specimenCount type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
illustrated by B. 
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Petersbourg" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B32" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1915. Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot;Turricaspiinae&quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103-136], 3 pls." title="Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot; Turricaspiinae &quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103 - 136], 3 pls." year="1915">Dybowski and Grochmalicki 1915</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 55" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" refId="B33" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1917. Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae). Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 9 (3): 1 - 55, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" title="Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" volume="9" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
), designated by 
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov (1969)</bibRefCitation>
, illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation author="Kantor, YuI" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B58" refString="Kantor, YuI, Sysoev, AV, 2006. Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow" title="Morskiye i solonovatovodnyye bryukhonogiye mollyuski Rossii i sopredel'nykh stran: illyustrirovannyy katalog." year="2006">Kantor and Sysoev (2006</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 46, fig. E).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Caspian Sea (no locality specified).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dimensions.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
7.68 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" unit="mm" value="259.0">2.59 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310213, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12A-C</figureCitation>
); 7.99 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" unit="mm" value="242.0">2.42 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310220, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12D</figureCitation>
); 7.34 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" unit="mm" value="228.0">2.28 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310214, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12E</figureCitation>
); 7.54 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="250.0">2.50 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15324" name="Catholic University of Leuven" type="Herbarium">LV</collectionCode>
201512, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12F</figureCitation>
); 6.87 
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" unit="mm" value="243.0">2.43 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15324" name="Catholic University of Leuven" type="Herbarium">LV</collectionCode>
201513, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12G-I</figureCitation>
); 
<date>
7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
</date>
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" unit="mm" value="252.0">2.52 mm</quantity>
(
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310218, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pyrgulinae. A-C Turricaspia lyrata (B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), RGM 1310213 D T. lyrata, RGM 1310220 E T. lyrata, RGM 1310214 F T. lyrata, LV 201512 G-I T. lyrata, LV 201513 J T. lyrata, RGM 1310218 K T. lyrata, RGM 1309802." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">12J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1310427" doi="10.3897/zookeys.770.25365.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/214775" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Brusina" baseAuthorityYear="1881" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyrgulinae">Pyrgulinae</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Turricaspia lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915), 
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310213 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310220 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310214 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, LV 201512 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">G-I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, LV 201513 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">J</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1310218 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">K</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectionCode collectionName="RGM" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
1309802.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Slender elongate shell of up to 9 whorls. Protoconch large, measuring about 485 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter; it forms bulbous cap on top of shell and comprises 1.25 whorls; surface weakly granulate, with striae on last 0.25 whorls; nucleus low, broad, ca. 170 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter; P/T transition very distinct, marked by sharp growth cessation. Teleoconch whorls low to moderately convex, often flattened or with straight-sided upper half, which creates spruce-like morphology. Sometimes, very weak and thin bulge appears below suture, producing faintly stepped spire. Most shells bear very low and somewhat irregular spirals, but expression varies considerably concerning its onset (mainly starts on lower whorls), strength (faint traces to distinct but blunt keels) and number of elements (one keel near base to several keels spread across whorl profile). Expression of sculpture varies in most specimens throughout ontogeny, which creates uneven, rugged appearance. Aperture comparatively small, in most cases regularly ovoid and weakly inclined, covering up umbilicus entirely or leaving very thin opening; peristome simple. Growth lines strongly sigmoidal, with prosocline upper third and opisthocline lower two-thirds.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
This species can be distinguished from its congeners in its large, bulbous protoconch and the typical, somewhat irregular sculpture. It is consistently larger, more massive and on average bears much stronger sculpture than co-occurring 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. spica" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="spica">T.? spica</taxonomicName>
. The varieties &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica subsp. var. var. incisata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="Turricaspia" subSpecies="var." variety="incisata">Micromelania (Turricaspia) spica var. incisata</taxonomicName>
&quot; and &quot; 
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. (T.) spica subsp. var. var. striata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="T." subSpecies="var." variety="striata">M. (T.) spica var. striata</taxonomicName>
&quot; introduced by B. 
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Petersbourg" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B32" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1915. Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot;Turricaspiinae&quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103-136], 3 pls." title="Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot; Turricaspiinae &quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103 - 136], 3 pls." year="1915">Dybowski and Grochmalicki (1915)</bibRefCitation>
only differ in the depth of the suture and the expression of the teleoconch sculpture, respectively. Given the variability of these features, we consider both of them synonymous with 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Already 
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov (1969)</bibRefCitation>
considered 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania incisata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="incisata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania incisata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Turricaspia lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
synonymous and, as first revisers, chose 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Turricaspia lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the valid name of the species. The variety &quot; 
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. (T.) spica subsp. var. var. lLittorinimorphasa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="variety" species="spica" subGenus="T." subSpecies="var." variety="lLittorinimorphasa">M. (T.) spica var. lLittorinimorphasa</taxonomicName>
&quot; B. Dybowski &amp; Grochmalicki, 1915 might also be a synonym of this species. However, the apex of the specimen illustrated in B. 
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Petersbourg" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B32" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1915. Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot;Turricaspiinae&quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103-136], 3 pls." title="Ueber kaspische Schnecken aus der Abteilung &quot; Turricaspiinae &quot; subfam. nova zum Vergleich mit den Turribaikalina nobis. Petrograd, 34 pp. [numbered 103 - 136], 3 pls." year="1915">Dybowski and Grochmalicki (1915</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Dybowski, B" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 55" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" refId="B33" refString="Dybowski, B, Grochmalicki, J, 1917. Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae). Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 9 (3): 1 - 55, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" title="Studien ueber die turmfoermigen Schnecken des Baikalsees und des Kaspimeeres (Turribaicaliinae - Turricaspiinae)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5550074" volume="9" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
), which contains diagnostic characters, is not preserved. Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania striata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania lLittorinimorphasa" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lLittorinimorphasa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Micromelania lLittorinimorphasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are certainly not synonymous with 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. andrussowi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="andrussowi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. andrussowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as suggested by 
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. That species differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lyrata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="lyrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. lyrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the much slender whorls with spruce-like, near straight-sided profile.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Endemic to the Caspian Sea (after 
<bibRefCitation author="Logvinenko, BM" editor="Birshtein, YaA" journalOrPublisher="Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="308 - 385" refId="B70" refString="Logvinenko, BM, Starobogatov, YaI, 1969. Mollusca. In: Birshtein, YaA, Vinogradov, LG, Kondakov, NN, Kuhn, MS, Astakhova, TV, Romanova, NN, Eds., Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya. Pishchevaya Promyshlennost (Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-issledovatel'skii Institut Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii), Moskva: 308 - 385" title="Mollusca." volumeTitle="Atlas bespozvonochnykh Kaspiyskogo morya." year="1969">Logvinenko and Starobogatov 1969</bibRefCitation>
, it occurs in the western part of the middle and southern Caspian Sea at a depth of 
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="25.0">25-50 m</quantity>
; mind however that these authors used a slightly different concept of the species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>