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<mods:title id="4F42DE03B509509E90E15FD1961A0C29">Adriatic calcarean sponges (Porifera, Calcarea), with the description of six new species and a richness analysis</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="1402A933D67FBF2A6BF84C133EEF0D93">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 902 Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 6 BB 3 D 65 - 7166 - 4 A 2 A-AF 2 B- 7 F 13 EE 94 F 485 &amp; Corresponding authors: mklautau @ biologia. ufrj. br; mimesek @ irb. hr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8F382AAFC1CBF1E8A66DCF09BD0D13D7">Imešek, Mirna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FB2FF794A8D6D1D9B87D52E17D12306">Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Molecular Biology, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 5461 D 38 C-E 1 B 5 - 48 B 1 - A 41 B- 0134 F 337 A 143 &amp; Corresponding authors: mklautau @ biologia. ufrj. br; mimesek @ irb. hr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5BE0700D16BFFAE9F81A7CDCD1974E6B">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, 21941 - 902 Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. &amp; E-mail: nandaporifera @ gmail. com &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: DC 0 BE 6 B 4 - F 24 F- 4765 - BA 2 B-ED 17 D 774 B 2 B 7</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6F427E8F33E727056FEAA924FE0664B8">Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory for Benthos, P. O. Box 500, 21000, Split, Croatia. Equally contributed &amp; E-mail: nikolic @ izor. hr &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 84828 CF 3 - 6 BA 3 - 4541 - AEF 2 - 24422 CEA 0179</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EFA930A8D3145" box="[227,434,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nardoa reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EFAB70A8C31A2" box="[227,435,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tarrus reticulatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE66FAB0099B31A2" author="Haeckel E." box="[443,676,1403,1429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="236 - 254" refId="ref21921" refString="Haeckel E. 1870. Prodromus eines Systems der Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Medicin und Naturwissenschaft 5: 236 - 254." type="journal article" year="1870">Haeckel, 1870: 244</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EFA550AEE318F" box="[227,465,1438,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nardopsis reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EFA090AF531EB" box="[227,458,1474,1500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascandra reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EFA2E0AFC31C8" box="[227,451,1509,1535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Olynthus reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9E00AEA3272" box="[227,469,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Soleniscus reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9850AF7325F" box="[227,456,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nardorus reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9B90A9932BB" box="[227,422,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tarrus reticulum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9CBF1736DD20B205FF3EF95E09F33298" box="[227,716,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD20B205FF3EF95E09F33298" box="[227,716,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF95E0AD83298" box="[227,487,1685,1711]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Auloplegma reticulum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE32F95E09F73298" author="Haeckel E." box="[495,712,1685,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref21944" refString="Haeckel E. 1872. Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie. Vols 1 - 3. Reimer, Berlin." type="book" year="1872">Haeckel, 1872: 88</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9730AE832E5" box="[227,471,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascometra reticulum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9100AF132C2" box="[227,462,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascandra retiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE09F910099132C2" author="Haeckel E." box="[468,686,1755,1781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref21944" refString="Haeckel E. 1872. Die Kalkschwamme, eine Monographie. Vols 1 - 3. Reimer, Berlin." type="book" year="1872">Haeckel, 1872: 88</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF9350AF3332F" box="[227,460,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascandra reticulata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD20B205FF3EF8E909FC330B" box="[227,707,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD20B205FF3EF8E90980330B" authority="Minchin, 1896: 359" authorityName="Minchin" authorityPageNumber="359" authorityYear="1896" box="[227,703,1825,1852]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF8E90AF4330B" box="[227,459,1826,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Clathrina reticulum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE0EF8EA0980330B" author="Minchin E. A." box="[467,703,1825,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="349 - 362" refId="ref23031" refString="Minchin E. A. 1896. Suggestions for a natural classification of the Asconidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 349 - 362." type="journal article" year="1896">Minchin, 1896: 359</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="BC103018DD20B205FF3EF88E098C3368" blockId="6.[227,800,1368,1923]" box="[227,691,1861,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD20B205FF3EF88E09903368" authority="Breitfuss, 1897 a: 39" authorityName="Breitfuss" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1897" box="[227,687,1861,1887]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucaltidae" genus="Ascandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hermesi">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF88E0A873368" box="[227,440,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascandra hermesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE62F88E09903368" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[447,687,1861,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="39 - 42" refId="ref21052" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1897 a. Ascandra hermesi, ein neuer homocoeler Kalkschwamm aus der Adria. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 63 (1): 39 - 42." type="journal article" year="1897">Breitfuss, 1897a: 39</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF8A30ADB33B5" box="[227,484,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Leucosolenia hermesi</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="BC103018DD20B205FF3EF862082133F3" blockId="6.[227,1436,1961,2023]" box="[227,798,1961,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF8620A8D33F4" box="[227,434,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nardoa reticulum</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD20B205FE12F862082433F3" box="[463,795,1961,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE12F862099C33F3" author="Schmidt O." box="[463,675,1961,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="89 - 97" refId="ref23768" refString="Schmidt O. 1869. Vorlaufige Mitteilungen uber die Spongien der Gronlandischen Kuste. Mitteilungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins fur Steiermark 2: 89 - 97." type="journal article" year="1869">Schmidt 1869: 91</bibRefCitation>
; 
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD20B204FF3EF8060F5F357C" blockId="6.[227,1436,1961,2023]" lastBlockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD20B205FF3EF8060AF433D0" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[227,459,1997,2023]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucaltidae" genus="Ascandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD20B205FF3EF8060AF433D0" box="[227,459,1997,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ascandra reticulum</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD20B205FE37F806098A33D0" box="[490,693,1996,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Vosmaer 1881: 5</treatmentCitation>
. — 
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<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FD34F80608DC33D0" author="Lendenfeld R. von" box="[745,995,1997,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref22771" refString="Lendenfeld R. von 1891. Die Spongien der Adria. I. Die Kalkschwamme. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig." type="book" year="1891">Lendenfeld 1891: 39</bibRefCitation>
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. — 
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<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FBC8F8060E2D33D0" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[1045,1298,1997,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="205 - 226" refId="ref21084" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1897 b. Catalog der Calcarea der zoologischen Sammlung des koniglichen Museums fur Naturkunde zu Berlin. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 63: 205 - 226." type="journal article" year="1897">Breitfuss 1897b: 214</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FAC3F8060EA833D0" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[1310,1431,1997,2023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref21115" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1898 a. Kalkschwammfauna des Weissen Meeres und der Eismeerkusten des europaischen Russlands. Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg 6 (2): 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="1898">1898a: 23</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FF3EF83B0A623C3D" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[227,349,2032,2058]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="89 - 102" refId="ref21153" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1898 b. Kalkschwammfauna der Westkuste Portugals. Zoologische Jahrbucher 2: 89 - 102." type="journal article" year="1898">1898b: 92</bibRefCitation>
. — 
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<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD20B205FE51F83B09B93C3C" author="Brondsted H. V." box="[396,646,2032,2059]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="457 - 544" refId="ref21277" refString="Brondsted H. V. 1914. Catalogue of the Porifera of Greenland. Meddelelser Om Gronland 23: 457 - 544." type="journal article" year="1914">Brøndsted 1914: 530</bibRefCitation>
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. 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFEFA0AC7357C" box="[227,504,305,331]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFEFA0AC7357C" box="[227,504,305,331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Leucosolenia reticulata</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FDC8FEFA087E357C" box="[533,833,305,332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FDC8FEFA087E357C" author="Dendy A. &amp; Row H." box="[533,833,305,332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="704 - 813" refId="ref21646" refString="Dendy A. &amp; Row H. 1913. The classification and phylogeny of the calcareous sponges, with a reference list of all the described species, systematically arranged. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 47: 704 - 813. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06152. x" type="journal article" year="1913">Dendy &amp; Row 1913: 723</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FCACFEFA0F63357C" box="[881,1116,305,331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FCACFEFA0F63357C" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[881,1116,305,331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 252" refId="ref21226" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1932. Die Kalkschwammfauna des arktischen Gebietes. Fauna Arctica 6: 235 - 252." type="journal article" year="1932">Breitfuss 1932: 243</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFE9F0A863582" blockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFE9F0AC83559" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[227,503,340,366]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFE9F0AC83559" box="[227,503,340,366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Leucosolenia reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FDC4FE9F08723559" box="[537,845,340,367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FDC4FE9F08723559" author="Dendy A. &amp; Row H." box="[537,845,340,367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="704 - 813" refId="ref21646" refString="Dendy A. &amp; Row H. 1913. The classification and phylogeny of the calcareous sponges, with a reference list of all the described species, systematically arranged. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 47: 704 - 813. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06152. x" type="journal article" year="1913">Dendy &amp; Row 1913: 723</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FCA2FE9F0E4E3559" box="[895,1393,340,367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FCA2FE9F0F513558" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[895,1134,340,367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="274 - 282" refId="ref21197" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1930. Biogeographischer Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Spongienfauna der Arktis. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1929: 274 - 282." type="journal article" year="1930">Breitfuss 1930: 275</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FBA1FE9F0FC83559" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[1148,1271,340,366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 252" refId="ref21226" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1932. Die Kalkschwammfauna des arktischen Gebietes. Fauna Arctica 6: 235 - 252." type="journal article" year="1932">1932: 243</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FAD8FE9F0E4E3559" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[1285,1393,340,367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref21247" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1935. La spugne calcarea dell'Adriatico con riflesso a tutto i 1 Mediterraneo. Memorie Reale Comitato Talassographico Italiano 2223: 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1935">1935: 14</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FF3EFEB30A9B35A5" author="Topsent E." box="[227,420,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref24052" refString="Topsent E. 1934. Apercu de la faune des eponges calcaires de la Mediterranee. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco 659: 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1934">Topsent 1934: 9</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FE6FFEBC092135A5" author="Topsent E." box="[434,542,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref24080" refString="Topsent E. 1936. Etude sur les Leucosolenia. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco 711: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1936">1936: 22</bibRefCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FD92FEB3081B35A5" box="[591,804,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FD92FEB3081B35A5" author="Hozawa S." box="[591,804,376,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="29 - 58" refId="ref22100" refString="Hozawa S. 1940. On some calcareous sponges from Japan. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 15: 29 - 58." type="journal article" year="1940">Hôzawa 1940: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FC8EFEBC08C235A5" box="[851,1021,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FC8EFEBC08C235A5" author="Arndt" box="[851,1021,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref20537" refString="Arndt W. 1941. Eine neuere Ausbeute von Meeresschwammen der West- und Sudkuste Portugals. Memorias do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Coimbra 116: 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1941">Arndt 1941: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FBF3FEBC0E4C35A6" box="[1070,1395,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FBF3FEBC0FD335A5" author="Tanita S." box="[1070,1260,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="71 - 93" refId="ref23992" refString="Tanita S. 1942. Key to all the described species of the genus Leucosolenia and their distribution. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 17: 71 - 93." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita 1942: 82</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FB25FEB30E4C35A6" author="Tanita S." box="[1272,1395,375,402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="353 - 490" refId="ref24024" refString="Tanita S. 1943. Studies on the Calcarea of Japan. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 17 (4): 353 - 490." type="journal article" year="1943">1943: 386</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FF3EFE500A893582" box="[227,438,411,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FF3EFE500A893582" author="Burton M." box="[227,438,411,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref21398" refString="Burton M. 1963. A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. British Museum, London." type="book" year="1963">Burton 1963: 200</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFE7509E635EF" blockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" box="[227,729,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9CBF1736DD21B204FF3EFE7509E635EF" box="[227,729,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFE750AF135EF" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[227,462,446,472]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucaltidae" genus="Ascandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="retiformis">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFE750AF135EF" box="[227,462,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ascandra retiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FE36FE7509E935EF" box="[491,726,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FE36FE7509E935EF" author="Breitfuss L. L." box="[491,726,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="235 - 252" refId="ref21226" refString="Breitfuss L. L. 1932. Die Kalkschwammfauna des arktischen Gebietes. Fauna Arctica 6: 235 - 252." type="journal article" year="1932">Breitfuss 1932: 243</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFE2A098035CC" blockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" box="[227,703,481,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9CBF1736DD21B204FF3EFE2A098335CC" box="[227,700,481,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFE2A0ADB35CC" authorityName="Dendy &amp; Row" authorityYear="1913" box="[227,484,481,507]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hermesi">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFE2A0ADB35CC" box="[227,484,481,507]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Leucosolenia hermesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FDDDFE2A098335CC" box="[512,700,481,507]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FDDDFE2A098335CC" author="Tanita S." box="[512,700,481,507]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="71 - 93" refId="ref23992" refString="Tanita S. 1942. Key to all the described species of the genus Leucosolenia and their distribution. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University 17: 71 - 93." type="journal article" year="1942">Tanita 1942: 82</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFDCF0A6E3652" blockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9CBF1736DD21B204FF3EFDCF0A6E3652" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFDCF0AF53629" authorityName="Minchin" authorityYear="1896" box="[227,458,516,542]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFDCF0AF53629" box="[227,458,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Clathrina reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FE3BFDCF09E73629" box="[486,728,516,542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FE3BFDCF09E73629" author="Borojevic R." box="[486,728,516,542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="183 - 226" refId="ref20801" refString="Borojevic R. 1967. Spongiaires d'Afrique du Sud (2) Calcarea. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 37: 183 - 226." type="journal article" year="1967">Borojević 1967: 189</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FCDBFDCF0FBA3629" box="[774,1157,516,542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FCDBFDCF0FBA3629" author="Borojevic R. &amp; Peixinho S." box="[774,1157,516,542]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="987 - 1036" refId="ref20861" refString="Borojevic R. &amp; Peixinho S. 1976. Eponges calcaires du nord-nord-est du Bresil. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 3 (402): 987 - 1036." type="journal article" year="1976">Borojević &amp; Peixinho 1976: 993</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FB6FFDCF0A923675" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Borojević &amp; Boury- Esnault 1987: 12</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FE02FDEC087B3676" box="[479,836,551,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FE02FDEC087B3676" author="Klautau M. &amp; Valentine C." box="[479,836,551,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref22431" refString="Klautau M. &amp; Valentine C. 2003. Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139: 1 - 62. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Klautau &amp; Valentine 2003: 36</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FCA8FDE30FED3675" box="[885,1234,552,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FCA8FDE30FED3675" author="Longo C. &amp; Pronzato R." box="[885,1234,552,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="117 - 244" refId="ref22901" refString="Longo C. &amp; Pronzato R. 2011. Class Calcarea. In: Pansini M., Manconi R. &amp; Pronzato R. (eds) Fauna d'Italia - Porifera I - Calcarea, Demospongiae (partim), Hexactinellida, Homoscleromorpha: 117 - 244. Calderini, Bologna." type="book chapter" year="2011">Longo &amp; Pronzato 2011: 230</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FADEFDEC0A723652" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FADEFDEC0A723652" author="Muricy G. &amp; Lopes D. A. &amp; Hajdu E. &amp; Carvalho M. S. &amp; Moraes F. C. &amp; Klautau M. &amp; Menegola C. &amp; Pinheiro U." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref23303" refString="Muricy G., Lopes D. A., Hajdu E., Carvalho M. S., Moraes F. C., Klautau M., Menegola C. &amp; Pinheiro U. 2011. Catalogue of Brazilian Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro." type="book" year="2011">
Muricy 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FABCFDE30EA33675" box="[1377,1436,552,578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 34
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFDA509C736BE" blockId="7.[227,1436,305,649]" box="[227,760,622,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9CBF1736DD21B204FF3EFDA509C736BE" box="[227,760,622,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FF3EFDA50A8936BF" ID-CoL="67RWM" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[227,438,622,648]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFDA50A8936BF" box="[227,438,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ascaltis reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation id="3D0E1609DD21B204FE09FDA509CB36BE" box="[468,756,622,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD21B204FE09FDA509CB36BE" author="Klautau M. &amp; Azevedo F. &amp; Baslavi C. - L. &amp; Rapp H. T. &amp; Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M." box="[468,756,622,649]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="447 - 461" refId="ref22540" refString="Klautau M., Azevedo F., Baslavi C. - L., Rapp H. T., Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M. 2013. A molecular phylogeny for the order Clathrinida rekindles and refines Haeckel's taxonomic proposal for calcareous sponges. Integrative and Comparative Biology 53 (3): 447 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / ict 039" type="journal article" year="2013">
Klautau 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FDE5FDA4094C36BF" box="[568,627,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 452
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4B56393DD21B204FF3EFD640F66373C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFD640AD336FE" blockId="7.[227,492,687,714]" box="[227,492,687,714]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="E7588774DD21B204FF3EFD640AD336FE" bold="true" box="[227,492,687,714]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EFD640AD336FE" bold="true" box="[227,492,687,714]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Original 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD21B204FE89FD7B0AB536FD" box="[340,394,688,714]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EFD3A0F66373C" blockId="7.[227,1113,751,780]" box="[227,1113,751,780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
ADRIATIC SEA: 
<collectingRegion id="7E6BFEFADD21B204FE67FD3A0ACF373C" box="[442,496,753,779]" country="Germany" name="Saarland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zara</collectingRegion>
(Croatian: Zadar) and Sebenico (Croatian: Šibenik).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E8D06090DD21B204FF3EF864080E3C38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" targetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD21B204FF3EF864080E3C38" blockId="7.[227,1436,1967,2064]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FF3EF8640A0F33FE" bold="true" box="[227,304,1967,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD21B204FEEBF864093733FE" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[310,520,1967,1993]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FEEBF864093733FE" box="[310,520,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ascaltis reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FC46F864088F33FE" bold="true" box="[923,944,1967,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Specimen 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FBE4F87B0FBF33FE" box="[1081,1152,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">in situ</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FB53F8640F9D33FE" bold="true" box="[1166,1186,1967,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FD66F81909EF33DB" bold="true" box="[699,720,2002,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
. Regular triactines. 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FC60F81908ED33DB" bold="true" box="[957,978,2002,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
. Regular tetractine. 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FB1CF8190FEA33DB" bold="true" box="[1217,1237,2002,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD21B204FD78F83E09883C38" bold="true" box="[677,695,2037,2063]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
. Diactine.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E8D06090DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B" ID-Table-UUID="E8D06090DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B" box="[227,1436,305,332]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8D06090DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[241,1397,379,591]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B" blockId="8.[227,1436,305,332]" box="[227,1436,305,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0A7B357C" bold="true" box="[227,324,305,331]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 2.</emphasis>
Spicule measurements of 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFDAAFEFA0F32357B" authority="(Schmidt, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[631,1037,305,332]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFDAAFEFA0876357C" box="[631,841,305,331]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ascaltis reticulum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD2EB20BFC85FEFA0F3A357B" author="Schmidt O." box="[856,1029,305,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref23673" refString="Schmidt O. 1862. Die Spongien des Adriatischen Meeres, enthaltend die Histologie und systematiche Erganzungen. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig." type="book" year="1862">Schmidt, 1862</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(PMR-13739 = UFRJPOR 6870).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFDA2FEB00E4A3679" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<table id="CEAFC2B8DD2E4DFCFF2CFEB00E4A3678" box="[241,1397,379,591]" colsContinueIn="10.[241,1410,401,579]" gridcols="11" gridrows="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFEB00E4A35A2" box="[241,1397,379,405]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFEB0082A35A2" box="[627,789,379,405]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFDA2FEB0082D35A2" bold="true" box="[639,786,379,405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">length (µm)</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFEB00F9435A2" box="[1041,1195,379,405]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFBC2FEB00F9435A2" bold="true" box="[1055,1195,379,405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">width (µm)</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFE560E4A358F" box="[241,1397,413,440]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFF2CFE560A59358F" box="[241,358,413,440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spicule</th>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFE4DFE560ADA358F" box="[400,485,413,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Actine</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDC9FE560978358F" box="[532,583,413,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">min</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFE56098A358F" box="[627,693,413,440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">mean</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFD3FFE56082A358F" box="[738,789,413,440]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sd</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC9FFE5608BB358F" box="[834,900,413,440]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">max</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC6EFE5608DE358F" box="[947,993,413,440]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">min</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFE560F6E358F" box="[1041,1105,413,440]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">mean</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB5BFE560F94358F" box="[1158,1195,413,440]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sd</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB3BFE560E26358F" box="[1254,1305,413,440]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">max</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFA85FE560E4A358F" box="[1368,1397,413,440]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">n</td>
</tr>
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFE080E4A35E9" box="[241,1397,451,478]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFF2CFE080A5935E9" box="[241,358,451,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diactine</th>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFE4DFE080ADA35E9" box="[400,485,451,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">-</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDC9FE08097835E9" box="[532,583,451,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">60.0</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFE08098A35E9" box="[627,693,451,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">106.3</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFD3FFE08082A35E9" box="[738,789,451,478]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">26.0</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC9FFE0808BB35E9" box="[834,900,451,478]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">142.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC6EFE0808DE35E9" box="[947,993,451,478]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.8</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFE080F6E35E9" box="[1041,1105,451,478]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.9</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB5BFE080F9435E9" box="[1158,1195,451,478]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB3BFE080E2635E9" box="[1254,1305,451,478]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6.3</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFA85FE080E4A35E9" box="[1368,1397,451,478]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFE230E4A3634" box="[241,1397,488,515]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFF2CFE230A593634" box="[241,358,488,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Triactine</th>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFE4DFE230ADA3634" box="[400,485,488,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Basal</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDC9FE2309783634" box="[532,583,488,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">56.7</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFE23098A3634" box="[627,693,488,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">88.2</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFD3FFE23082A3634" box="[738,789,488,515]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11.7</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC9FFE2308BB3634" box="[834,900,488,515]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">108.0</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC6EFE2308DE3634" box="[947,993,488,515]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6.8</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFE230F6E3634" box="[1041,1105,488,515]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB5BFE230F943634" box="[1158,1195,488,515]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB3BFE230E263634" box="[1254,1305,488,515]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.8</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFA85FE230E4A3634" box="[1368,1397,488,515]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFDC50E4A361E" box="[241,1397,526,553]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFF2CFDC50A59361E" box="[241,358,526,553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tetractine</th>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFE4DFDC50ADA361E" box="[400,485,526,553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Basal</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDC9FDC50978361E" box="[532,583,526,553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">60.0</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFDC5098A361E" box="[627,693,526,553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">79.1</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFD3FFDC5082A361E" box="[738,789,526,553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">12.4</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC9FFDC508BB361E" box="[834,900,526,553]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">107.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC6EFDC508DE361E" box="[947,993,526,553]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFDC50F6E361E" box="[1041,1105,526,553]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.8</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB5BFDC50F94361E" box="[1158,1195,526,553]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1.3</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB3BFDC50E26361E" box="[1254,1305,526,553]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">10.0</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFA85FDC50E4A361E" box="[1368,1397,526,553]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="029F325ADD2E4DFCFF2CFDFF0E4A3678" box="[241,1397,564,591]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFE4DFDFF0ADA3678" box="[400,485,564,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Apical</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDC9FDFF09783678" box="[532,583,564,591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">27.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFDAEFDFF098A3678" box="[627,693,564,591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">41.9</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFD3FFDFF082A3678" box="[738,789,564,591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9.7</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC9FFDFF08BB3678" box="[834,900,564,591]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">62.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFC6EFDFF08DE3678" box="[947,993,564,591]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2.5</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFBCCFDFF0F6E3678" box="[1041,1105,564,591]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.2</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB5BFDFF0F943678" box="[1158,1195,564,591]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0.6</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFB3BFDFF0E263678" box="[1254,1305,564,591]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.8</td>
<td id="414E5B26DD2E4DFCFA85FDFF0E4A3678" box="[1368,1397,564,591]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">17</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="F4B56393DD2EB20BFF3EFD59089537A6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFD590AA4369C" blockId="8.[227,411,657,684]" box="[227,411,657,684]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EFD590AA4369C" bold="true" box="[227,411,657,684]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFD590AA4369C" bold="true" box="[227,411,657,684]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2EB20BFF3EFD590A1F369B" box="[227,288,658,684]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
specimen
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFD0B098136CA" blockId="8.[227,1436,704,765]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<collectingCountry id="C4B87088DD2EB20BFF3EFD0B0A6836ED" box="[227,343,704,730]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
: Banyuls-sur-Mer, Pyrenées, E.A. Minchin Collection (
<collectionCode id="DABEA8DDDD2EB20BFBFCFD0B0F4436ED" box="[1057,1147,704,730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">BMNH</collectionCode>
1896.9.15.13, 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2EB20BFAE2FD0B0EA336ED" box="[1343,1436,704,730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
proposed by 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD2EB20BFEA7FD28098D36CA" author="Klautau M. &amp; Valentine C." box="[378,690,739,765]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref22431" refString="Klautau M. &amp; Valentine C. 2003. Revision of the genus Clathrina (Porifera, Calcarea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139: 1 - 62. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 0024 - 4082.2003.00063. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Klautau &amp; Valentine 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFCEF0AEF3709" blockId="8.[227,464,804,830]" box="[227,464,804,830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EFCEF0AEF3709" bold="true" box="[227,464,804,830]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFCEF0AEF3709" bold="true" box="[227,464,804,830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFC98089537A6" blockId="8.[227,1436,849,913]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
ADRIATIC SEA: near the Island of Čiovo, 
<geoCoordinate id="D99B56DFDD2EB20BFD34FC9808AB3759" box="[745,916,851,878]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="43.482918">43°28'58.5&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D99B56DFDD2EB20BFC7CFC980F773759" box="[929,1096,851,878]" degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="1" seconds="25.6" value="16.357111">16°21'25.6&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="7B579DFDDD2EB20BFB88FC980FBA3759" box="[1109,1157,851,878]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="C81116D8DD2EB20BFB4FFC980E19375A" box="[1170,1318,851,878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2010-11-05">5 Nov. 2010</date>
, collected by B. Pleše and 
<collectionCode id="DABEA8DDDD2EB20BFE7DFCBC0A8A37A6" box="[416,437,887,913]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Nikolić (PMR-13739 = UFRJPOR 6870).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4B56393DD2EB20BFF3EFC730F1C32DA" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFC730A0437E5" blockId="8.[227,315,952,978]" box="[227,315,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EFC730A0437E5" bold="true" box="[227,315,952,978]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFC730A0437E5" bold="true" box="[227,315,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Colour</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFC2D094A3037" blockId="8.[227,629,998,1024]" box="[227,629,998,1024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">White in life and white in ethanol.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFBE30A4B3075" blockId="8.[227,372,1064,1090]" box="[227,372,1064,1090]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EFBE30A4B3075" bold="true" box="[227,372,1064,1090]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFBE30A4B3075" bold="true" box="[227,372,1064,1090]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFB9D0A8330CA" blockId="8.[227,1437,1110,1277]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Cormus is composed of regular and tightly anastomosed tubes. Water-collecting tubes are present (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFF36FBB20A7730A3" box="[235,328,1145,1172]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
).As the specimen was fragmented, it was not possible to observe the pseudoatrium. The skeleton is composed of one category of triactines, one of tetractines and diactines. Diactines are organised in tufts of two to five spicules, perpendicularly disposed in the tubes (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFBCEFB0B0F4D30ED" box="[1043,1138,1216,1242]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Triactines are the most abundant spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFAEF0A843108" blockId="8.[227,443,1316,1343]" box="[227,443,1316,1343]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EFAEF0A753109" bold="true" box="[227,330,1316,1342]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spicules</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="F12D05A3DD2EB20BFE84FAEF0A8C3108" box="[345,435,1316,1343]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[227,296,305,331]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2. Spicule measurements of Ascaltis reticulum (Schmidt, 1862) (PMR-13739 = UFRJPOR 6870)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8D06090DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="E8D06090DD2EB20BFF3EFEFA0EA3357B">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFA9F095831A6" blockId="8.[227,1437,1363,1425]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
TRIACTINES. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are slightly conical to cylindrical, with sharp tips (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFEC0FABD0A4531A7" box="[285,378,1398,1424]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Size: 88.2/ 
<quantity id="7B579DFDDD2EB20BFDD0FABD095C31A6" box="[525,611,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EFA730EA7322E" blockId="8.[227,1436,1464,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
TETRACTINES. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are slightly conical to cylindrical, with sharp tips (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFEC3FA100A4231C2" box="[286,381,1499,1525]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). The apical actine is very thin and shorter than the basal ones. It is cylindrical and blunt, covered by abundant tiny spines (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFDB5FA3509FC322F" box="[616,707,1534,1560]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Size: 79.1/ 
<quantity id="7B579DFDDD2EB20BFC8EFA35089A322E" box="[851,933,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="8.8">8.8 µm</quantity>
(basal actine); 41.9/ 
<quantity id="7B579DFDDD2EB20BFB4FFA350FDB322E" box="[1170,1252,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 µm</quantity>
(apical actine).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EF98B08F4324A" blockId="8.[227,1436,1599,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
DIACTINES. Slightly curved. The tip that protrudes through the surface is lanceolated (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFB6CF9F40E36326D" box="[1201,1289,1599,1626]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[227,270,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[227,1436,934,1924]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Ascaltis reticulum (PMR 13739 = UFRJPOR 6870). A. Specimen in situ. B. Section showing the perpendicular arrangement of diactines. C. Regular triactines. D. Regular tetractine. E. Apical actine of a tetractine covered with short spines. F. Diactine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832963/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Trichoxeas are also present on the surface of the tubes. Size: 106.3/ 
<quantity id="7B579DFDDD2EB20BFCADF9A808F8324A" box="[880,967,1635,1661]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EF96F0A793289" blockId="8.[227,326,1700,1726]" box="[227,326,1700,1726]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EF96F0A793289" bold="true" box="[227,326,1700,1726]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EF96F0A793289" bold="true" box="[227,326,1700,1726]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EF9180F1C32DA" blockId="8.[227,1059,1747,1773]" box="[227,1059,1747,1773]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Specimens were collected on a vertical, shaded hard limestone bottom.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4B56393DD2EB20AFF3EF8DF085A362C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EF8DF0A6A3319" blockId="8.[227,341,1812,1838]" box="[227,341,1812,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="E7588774DD2EB20BFF3EF8DF0A6A3319" bold="true" box="[227,341,1812,1838]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFF3EF8DF0A6A3319" bold="true" box="[227,341,1812,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2EB20BFF3EF8880EA333DE" blockId="8.[227,1436,1859,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD2EB20BFF3EF8880AF2336A" author="Klautau M. &amp; Azevedo F. &amp; Baslavi C. - L. &amp; Rapp H. T. &amp; Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M." box="[227,461,1859,1885]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="447 - 461" refId="ref22540" refString="Klautau M., Azevedo F., Baslavi C. - L., Rapp H. T., Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M. 2013. A molecular phylogeny for the order Clathrinida rekindles and refines Haeckel's taxonomic proposal for calcareous sponges. Integrative and Comparative Biology 53 (3): 447 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / ict 039" type="journal article" year="2013">
Klautau 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFE99F88F0A44336A" box="[324,379,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
proposed to transfer this species to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFC16F8880F17336A" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[971,1064,1859,1885]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFC16F8880F17336A" box="[971,1064,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ascaltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based mainly on morphological, but also on molecular data. Although the 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2EB20BFD1FF8AD09CA33B7" box="[706,757,1894,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
species of this genus (
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFC26F8AD0E0C33B7" authority="Haeckel, 1870" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1870" box="[1019,1331,1894,1920]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lamarcki">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFC26F8AD0FBD33B7" box="[1019,1154,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. lamarcki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD2EB20BFB54F8AD0E0C33B7" author="Haeckel E." box="[1161,1331,1894,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="236 - 254" refId="ref21921" refString="Haeckel E. 1870. Prodromus eines Systems der Kalkschwamme. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Medicin und Naturwissenschaft 5: 236 - 254." type="journal article" year="1870">Haeckel, 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) was not included in the molecular dataset, 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFDABF84108393394" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[630,774,1929,1956]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFDABF84108393394" box="[630,774,1929,1956]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
did not group with any of the included genera (
<figureCitation id="24942C9DDD2EB20BFAEAF8420EB03393" box="[1335,1423,1929,1956]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[227,270,1915,1941]" captionTargetBox="[228,1436,1015,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[227,1436,1015,1871]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 16. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences of Calcinea. Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) and bootstrap values (BS) are given near the branches (PP/BS; when&gt;0.50). Adriatic specimens are written in bold; *Adriatic specimens obtained during this study; **Mediterranean specimens of Borojevia cerebrum; ***Brazilian specimens of Clathrina conifera." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832993/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Besides, morphologically it is more similar to 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFCDEF867085F33F1" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[771,864,1964,1990]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFCDEF867085F33F1" box="[771,864,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ascaltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to any other genus. Therefore, although the classification of 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFE7FF81B090E33DE" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[418,561,1999,2026]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFE7FF81B090E33DE" box="[418,561,1999,2026]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2EB20BFD16F804081733DE" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[715,808,1999,2025]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2EB20BFD16F804081733DE" box="[715,808,1999,2025]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ascaltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must still be verified regarding the 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2EB20BFB18F81B0FC733DD" box="[1221,1272,2000,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
species of the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2FB20AFF3EFEF90E2A3547" blockId="9.[227,1436,306,368]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
genus, it was morphologically and molecularly proved that it cannot be included in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2FB20AFAFEFEF90EAA357B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[1315,1429,306,332]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2FB20AFAFEFEF90EAA357B" box="[1315,1429,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clathrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Hence, we keep the proposition of 
<bibRefCitation id="D83E4DE9DD2FB20AFDA0FE9E084E3558" author="Klautau M. &amp; Azevedo F. &amp; Baslavi C. - L. &amp; Rapp H. T. &amp; Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M." box="[637,881,341,367]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="447 - 461" refId="ref22540" refString="Klautau M., Azevedo F., Baslavi C. - L., Rapp H. T., Collins A. &amp; Russo C. A. M. 2013. A molecular phylogeny for the order Clathrinida rekindles and refines Haeckel's taxonomic proposal for calcareous sponges. Integrative and Comparative Biology 53 (3): 447 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / ict 039" type="journal article" year="2013">
Klautau 
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2FB20AFD3CFE9D08243558" box="[737,795,341,367]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
and name this species 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2FB20AFBA2FE9D0E313558" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1151,1294,341,368]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2FB20AFBA2FE9D0E313558" box="[1151,1294,341,368]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC103018DD2FB20AFF3EFE5D085A362C" blockId="9.[227,1436,406,539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
This is the first time that spines were observed on the apical actine of the tetractines of 
<taxonomicName id="7BAF4B9BDD2FB20AFB0BFE5C0E5A3586" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[1238,1381,407,433]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucascidae" genus="Ascaltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulum">
<emphasis id="8EDBEC0ADD2FB20AFB0BFE5C0E5A3586" box="[1238,1381,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. reticulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For that reason, we examined the 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2FB20AFDE1FE7109A635E3" box="[572,665,442,468]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of this species and detected spines as well. They are abundant and very small. We also observed a great variation in the size of the diactines, which are much larger in the 
<typeStatus id="63148EBADD2FB20AFF3EFDCA0A7F362C" box="[227,320,513,539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
(102.0–212.2 (±54.1)–306.0 /14.3 (±5.1) µm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>