148 lines
19 KiB
XML
148 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="54A226C5366A23CC24504C960AC920B1" ID-CLB-Dataset="22237" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2013.61" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6da81aec-2005-471c-9cf6-d50788fdaa35" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3824982" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589226691559" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Grichanov, Igor Ya." docDate="2013" docId="0705B36DFFDC1C0CF20AA1D403DB499B" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-61a.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 61" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Diostracus Loew 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="FB3CCB15FFDD1C0EF06DA52E00254B3C" masterDocTitle="West Palaearctic species of the genus Diostracus Loew, 1861 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698839213522" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="F1E57AE0CE79F9F2D9FC6226B88B640B">West Palaearctic species of the genus Diostracus Loew, 1861 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="699FEBD369EB7AE76697A7A5A6539046">Grichanov, Igor Ya.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DD19C5A80165673EFAE52FFC423A9EC3">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="08CBA14132781B9D4D4CD6837C7A1C1B">
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<mods:date id="05D885B0F04443E9F80777A56D2B39B0">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0F52D3D6BBA33E1C5ADF7DC2559600EE">2013-10-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="14D4AABDA32ED2006FE6B970855C7C62">61</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A04BE7F1770427108CA989ED3B836D28" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2013.61</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0705B36DFFDC1C0CF20AA1D403DB499B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3843919" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164048044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3843919" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0705B36DFFDC1C0CF20AA1D403DB499B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0705B36DFFDC1C0CF20AA1D403DB499B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C7B651F0FFDC1C0FF20AA1D403E84E28" box="[615,973,1274,1300]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF20AA1D403E84E28" blockId="1.[615,973,1274,1300]" box="[615,973,1274,1300]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D45BB517FFDC1C0FF20AA1D403E84E28" box="[615,973,1274,1300]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDC1C0FF2D4A1D403E84E28" ID-CoL="4622" ID-ENA="626659" authority="Loew, 1861" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" box="[697,973,1274,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDC1C0FF2D4A1D4031E4E28" bold="true" box="[697,827,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diostracus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDC1C0FF32EA1D403E84E28" author="Loew" box="[835,973,1274,1300]" firstAuthor="Loew" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref6157" refString="Loew H. 1861 a. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Dipteren. Achter Beitrag. Die nordamerikanischen Dolichopodiden. Programme der Koniglichen Realschule zu Meseritz 1861: 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="1861">Loew, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7B651F0FFDC1C0FF0D0A01205244DD8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF0D0A01201134E6A" blockId="1.[189,310,1340,1366]" box="[189,310,1340,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D45BB517FFDC1C0FF0D0A01201134E6A" bold="true" box="[189,310,1340,1366]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDC1C0FF0D0A01201134E6A" bold="true" box="[189,310,1340,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF0D0A04403AD4DD8" blockId="1.[189,1399,1386,1764]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">The genus is very polymorphic and characterized by the following combination of characters: body dark and stout, medium- to large-sized; palpus usually enlarged, loosely applied on proboscis; proboscis bulky; antennal scape glabrous or setose dorsally; arista-like stylus usually dorsal, sometimes basodorsal or subapical to apical; posterior mesonotum flattened; acrostichal setae absent; 4–6 dorsocentral bristles variable in length; sutural and postsutural, some notopleural, supra-alar and post-alar bristles sometimes absent or reduced; scutellum with 1–2 pairs of strong bristles and with some short lateral setae or hairs, sometimes with three pairs of long bristles; mid and hind coxae without bristle on the outer side; legs often modified; tarsi with more or less modified empodium and claws, usually without pulvilli; wing elongate and wide, sometimes modified in males; costa ended beyond tip of wing; crossvein dm-cu longer than distal section of CuA 1 vein, sometimes strongly sinuate; M 1+2 usually slightly convex anteriorly, often irregularly curved, more or less parallel to R</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF3E4A3F303864DD7" box="[905,931,1757,1771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4+5</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF3CEA3E405244DD8" blockId="1.[189,1399,1386,1764]" box="[931,1281,1738,1764]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">, at least partly behind dm-cu.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7B651F0FFDC1C0CF0D0A22203DB499B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF0D0A222010A4C1A" blockId="1.[189,303,1804,1830]" box="[189,303,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D45BB517FFDC1C0FF0D0A222010A4C1A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1804,1830]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDC1C0FF0D0A222010A4C1A" bold="true" box="[189,303,1804,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF0D0A21401F74CA7" blockId="1.[189,1399,1850,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDC1C0FF12DA21402784C68" authority="Mik, 1874" authorityName="Mik" authorityYear="1874" box="[320,605,1850,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Sphyrotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDC1C0FF12DA21401FF4C68" box="[320,474,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sphyrotarsus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDC1C0FF18FA21402784C68" author="Mik" box="[482,605,1850,1876]" firstAuthor="Mik" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="329 - 354" refId="ref6273" refString="Mik J. 1874. Beitrag zur Dipterenfauna Osterreichs. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 24: 329 - 354." type="journal article" year="1874">Mik, 1874</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes 5 species from the European Alps, one Caucasian species and one Pamiran species. It was diagnosed by scape glabrous dorsally; tarsi with reduced empodium and without pulvilli; M
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF1BFA2BA01C84C9E" box="[466,493,1940,1954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1+2</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF19BA2AF02184CA7" blockId="1.[189,1399,1850,1947]" box="[502,573,1921,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">and R</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0FF251A2BA02724C9E" box="[572,599,1940,1954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4+5</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F13027BFFDC1C0CF231A2AF03DB499B" blockId="1.[189,1399,1850,1947]" lastBlockId="2.[189,1399,266,679]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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are not strictly parallel to each other (
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDC1C0FF470A2AF04944CA7" author="Parent" box="[1053,1201,1921,1947]" firstAuthor="Parent" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 720" refId="ref6745" refString="Parent O. 1938. Dipteres Dolichopodides. Faune de France 35: 1 - 720. Paris, L'Academie des Sciences de Paris." type="journal article" year="1938">Parent 1938</bibRefCitation>
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); scutellum with 3 pairs of bristles (
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF1F2A424027B4A18" box="[415,606,266,292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Negrobov 1978</bibRefCitation>
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). Furthermore, the Pamiran subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF44BA424056E4A18" authority="Negrobov, 1973" authorityName="Negrobov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1062,1355,266,292]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Takagia">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF44BA42404A64A18" box="[1062,1155,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Takagia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF4E1A424056E4A18" author="Negrobov" box="[1164,1355,266,292]" firstAuthor="Negrobov" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1514 - 1520" refId="ref6335" refString="Negrobov O. P. 1973. Genera and subgenera of the subfamily Hydrophorinae (Diptera Dolichopodidae) of Holarctic. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 52 (10): 1514 - 1520 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1973">Negrobov, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(of
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF0D0A40301724A7B" authorityName="Mik" authorityYear="1874" box="[189,343,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Sphyrotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF0D0A40301724A7B" box="[189,343,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphyrotarsus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), was diagnosed by elongated antennal postpedicel with arista apical, somewhat widened at apex in male; sutural bristle absent; one supra-alar bristle; scutellum with 2 pairs of bristles (
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF492A47E00DF4AB1" author="Negrobov" firstAuthor="Negrobov" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1514 - 1520" refId="ref6335" refString="Negrobov O. P. 1973. Genera and subgenera of the subfamily Hydrophorinae (Diptera Dolichopodidae) of Holarctic. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 52 (10): 1514 - 1520 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1973">Negrobov 1973</bibRefCitation>
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, 1978). Nevertheless, all these characters are rather variable and can be found in East Asian species of
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF0B1A4B601784A8D" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" box="[220,349,408,433]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF0B1A4B601784A8D" box="[220,349,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diostracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The monotypic Caucasian genus
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF281A4B804E04A8C" authority="Negrobov & Tsurikov, 1996" authorityName="Negrobov & Tsurikov" authorityYear="1996" box="[748,1221,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lagodechia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF281A4B803524A8C" box="[748,887,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lagodechia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF310A4B804E04A8C" author="Negrobov & Tsurikov" box="[893,1221,406,432]" firstAuthor="Negrobov" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 634" refId="ref6503" refString="Negrobov O. P. & Tsurikov M. N. 1996. A new genus of the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera) from the Caucasus. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 75 (4): 632 - 634 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1996">Negrobov & Tsurikov, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was diagnosed also by variable characters of face, mesonotal setation, wing venation and morphology of abdomen (
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF0A8A4F3022A4ACB" author="Negrobov & Tsurikov" box="[197,527,477,503]" firstAuthor="Negrobov" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 634" refId="ref6503" refString="Negrobov O. P. & Tsurikov M. N. 1996. A new genus of the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera) from the Caucasus. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 75 (4): 632 - 634 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1996">Negrobov & Tsurikov 1996</bibRefCitation>
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). In addition, some characters of
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF3FEA4F004144ACB" box="[915,1073,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lagodechia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinulifera">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF3FEA4F004144ACB" box="[915,1073,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">L. spinulifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were incorrectly described, as follows from the illustrations published by
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF2A5A72E03FF4926" author="Grichanov" box="[712,986,512,538]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Grichanov" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="13 - 46" refId="ref6037" refString="Grichanov I. Ya., Negrobov O. P. & Selivanova O. V. 2011 a. Keys to Palaearctic subfamilies and genera of the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera). CESA News 62: 13 - 46." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">
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Grichanov
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF324A72F03A74926" box="[841,898,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
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(2011a
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</bibRefCitation>
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, b). I think the diagnostic characters of these taxa have low generic significance and regard
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF330A70D03CD4901" authorityName="Negrobov & Tsurikov" authorityYear="1996" box="[861,1000,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Lagodechia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF330A70D03CD4901" box="[861,1000,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lagodechia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF394A70D04B64901" authorityName="Mik" authorityYear="1874" box="[1017,1171,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Sphyrotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF394A70D04B64901" box="[1017,1171,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphyrotarsus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF4BFA70D050A4901" authorityName="Negrobov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1234,1327,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Takagia">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF4BFA70D050A4901" box="[1234,1327,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Takagia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(now
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF0D0A76901C3495C" authority="Ozdikmen, 2010" authorityName="Ozdikmen" authorityYear="2010" box="[189,486,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Ozmena">
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<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF0D0A7690138495D" box="[189,285,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ozmena</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EB3D7F8AFFDF1C0CF14FA76801C3495C" author="Ozdikmen" box="[290,486,582,608]" firstAuthor="Ozdikmen" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="262 - 265" refId="ref6659" refString="Ozdikmen H. 2010. Substitute names for three Palaearctic fly genus group names (Diptera: Limoniidae and Dolichopodidae). Munis Entomology & Zoology 5 (1): 262 - 265." type="journal article" year="2010">Özdikmen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) as subgenera of
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<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF2C3A766030A495D" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" box="[686,815,584,609]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF2C3A766030A495D" box="[686,815,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diostracus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Accepting a new concept of the genus, I associate 97 species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48AC79F8FFDF1C0CF114A74501DF49B8" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" box="[377,506,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diostracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BDD8DE69FFDF1C0CF114A74501DF49B8" box="[377,506,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diostracus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of which 64 occur in the Oriental Region,
|
||
<quantity id="4854AF9EFFDF1C0CF395A744041649B8" box="[1016,1075,618,644]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
|
||
the Palaearctic and
|
||
<quantity id="4854AF9EFFDF1C0CF572A744056949B8" box="[1311,1356,618,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the Nearctic Region. The flies of the genus are all torrenticolous in habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |