527 lines
51 KiB
XML
527 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530695" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1652084412237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Slavenko, Alex, Tamar, Karin, Tallowin, Oliver J S, Kraus, Fred, Allison, Allen, Carranza, Salvador & Meiri, Shai" docDate="2022" docId="03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab052.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 (1)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/220/6365875" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Lobulia fortis Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri 2022, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="254" masterDocId="FFD6360F7C17CA7AFFB0FFB42066FFA4" masterDocTitle="Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="278" masterPageNumber="220" pageNumber="250" updateTime="1673543820768" updateUser="felipe">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Slavenko, Alex</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tamar, Karin</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tallowin, Oliver J S</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kraus, Fred</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Allison, Allen</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Carranza, Salvador</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Meiri, Shai</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-05-01</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>195</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>220</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>278</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/220/6365875</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6530695</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6536326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6536326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[319,623,1136,1160]" box="[319,623,1136,1160]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<heading box="[319,623,1136,1160]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri, 2022" authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[319,517,1137,1160]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis" status="SP. NOV.">LOBULIA FORTIS</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[524,623,1136,1160]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[524,623,1136,1160]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[306,635,1175,1200]" box="[306,635,1175,1200]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">MOUNT STRONG MOSS SKINK</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[336,605,1214,1239]" box="[336,605,1214,1239]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[345,419,1214,1239]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[145,223,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-158@15.[145,1425,195,1491]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Pictures in life of (A) Lobulia brongersmai (BPBM 34733); (B) Lobulia elegans (BPBM 18692); (C) Lobulia fortis (paratype; BPBM 41130); (D) Lobulia huonensis (holotype; BPBM 40322); (E) Lobulia lobulus (BPBM 47837); (F) Lobulia marmorata (holotype; BPBM 34150). Images A, B, F by Fred Kraus, images C–E by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530711/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">FIGS 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[433,489,1214,1239]" captionStart-0="Figure 9" captionStart-1="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="18.[163,242,1594,1616]" captionStartId-1="19.[146,226,580,602]" captionTargetBox-0="[419,1187,195,1554]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,760,195,540]" captionTargetId-0="figure-119@18.[419,1187,195,1554]" captionTargetId-1="figure-732@19.[145,760,195,541]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="Figure 9. Lobulia fortis holotype (BPBM 41149), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko." captionText-1="Figure 10. Lobulia fortis holotype (BPBM 41149) in life, (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view. Images by Allen Allison." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530717" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530719" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6530717/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6530719/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">9–10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation box="[501,597,1214,1239]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[142,206,414,436]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of morphometrics and meristics for specimens of species treated in this study (mean values in parentheses). Only adult specimens were examined for morphometric measurements, but juveniles were included for meristics" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF39AFE97C1ECA73FF3EFE2A2460FE75" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" tableUuid="DF39AFE97C1ECA73FF3EFE2A2460FE75">TABLE 1</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[163,779,1252,1308]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,496,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n:</emphasis>
|
||
u r n:l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act:
|
||
<uuid box="[249,777,1283,1308]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">A3DD9FD2-4D28-4883-A087-249B6C432020</uuid>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[163,780,1355,1469]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-02-25" collectorName="A. Allison & Kesemani" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1733" latitude="-7.9372" location="Mt Strong" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0544" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,265,1355,1376]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[163,260,1355,1376]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BPBM 41149 (field tag AA 21543), adult male, collected by
|
||
<collectorName box="[291,395,1386,1408]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">A.Allison</collectorName>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectorName box="[426,538,1386,1408]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Kesemani</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[546,645,1386,1407]" degrees="7.9372" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="-7.9372">7.9372°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[653,780,1386,1408]" degrees="147.0544" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="147.0544">147.0544°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(WGS 84),
|
||
<elevation box="[278,413,1417,1439]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.733" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="1733.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[278,358,1417,1438]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.733" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="1733.0">1733 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, north slope of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3:8E99A9BA7C09CA64FD8FFA3D22C9FA3A" box="[575,687,1417,1438]" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-7.9372" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0544" name="Mt Strong" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Morobe">Mt Strong</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Morobe Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[269,484,1447,1469]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[494,691,1447,1469]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" value="2012-02-25">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[494,691,1447,1469]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" value="2012-02-25">25 February 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[163,779,1510,1747]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<materialsCitation country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1965" latitude="-7.9838" location="Arabuka" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0458" municipality="Mt Strong" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,410,1510,1532]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[163,285,1511,1532]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(N = 28):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[425,672,1510,1532]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Morobe Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[279,401,1541,1562]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Mt Strong</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3:8E99A9BA7C09CA64FE2CF9B12262F9BF" box="[412,516,1541,1563]" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-7.9838" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0458" municipality="Mt Strong" name="Arabuka" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Morobe">Arabuka</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[528,633,1541,1562]" degrees="7.9838" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="-7.9838">7.9838°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[645,779,1541,1563]" degrees="147.0458" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="147.0458">147.0458°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(WGS 84),
|
||
<elevation box="[289,436,1571,1593]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9649999999999999" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="1965.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[289,374,1571,1593]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9649999999999999" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="1965.0">1965 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(BPBM 41127–35, 41141–48;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[163,284,1602,1624]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="male">five males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[298,464,1602,1624]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="female">seven females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[477,638,1602,1624]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="juvenile">five juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="2161" latitude="-7.9325" location="Lamgatak Camp" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0399" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morobe Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF4E777C09CA58FE8FFBC522A5FBF3:8E99A9BA7C09CA64FD23F9F62081F9D2" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-7.9325" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0399" name="Lamgatak Camp" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Morobe Province">Lamgatak Camp</location>
|
||
[Camp 2],
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[353,454,1633,1655]" degrees="7.9325" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="-7.9325">7.9325°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[465,596,1633,1654]" degrees="147.0399" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" precision="5" value="147.0399">147.0399°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(WGS 84),
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.161" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="2161.0">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.161" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="2161.0">2161 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(BPBM 41136–40;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[469,587,1663,1685]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[599,725,1663,1685]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="juvenile">two juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-02-25" collectorName="A. Allison & Kesemani" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1733" latitude="-7.9372" location="Mt Strong" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="147.0544" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morobe Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
same locality as holotype (BPBM 41150–55;
|
||
<specimenCount box="[163,298,1725,1747]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[309,446,1725,1747]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[457,599,1725,1747]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" type="juvenile">one juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[163,779,1787,1901]" lastBlockId="30.[827,1443,196,710]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,283,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
A medium-sized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Greer" authorityYear="1974" box="[613,702,1787,1808]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[613,702,1787,1808]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Lobulia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(adult SVL
|
||
<quantity box="[226,404,1818,1840]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.31" metricValueMax="6.05" metricValueMin="4.57" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="53.1" valueMax="60.5" valueMin="45.7">45.7–60.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), characterized by the unique combination of frontoparietals unfused; supraorbital ridges not pronounced; nuchals 1–2 pairs; paravertebral scales 55–65; mid-body scale rows 34–37; 4
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1330,1345,196,208]" fontSize="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">th</superScript>
|
||
digit on front foot longer than 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[1106,1121,227,239]" fontSize="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">rd</superScript>
|
||
; subdigital lamellae 20–25 under 4
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[916,930,258,270]" fontSize="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">th</superScript>
|
||
toe; single supradigital scales 3–5 on 4
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1381,1395,258,270]" fontSize="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">th</superScript>
|
||
toe; mid-dorsum with two rows of large dark brown spots; top of tail base with single row of large dark brown spots; light blue or white dorsolateral stripes absent; flanks dark brown with thin light blue to grey vertical bands; light blue or white lateral stripes absent; uniform coloration on abdomen either lemon yellow (in males) or white (in females) in life, light blue in preservative; thighs and precloacal region without brown spotting; ventral surface of tail lemon yellow in life, becoming white posteriorly, uniform light blue in preservative, either speckled with light brown spots (occasionally forming fragmented parallel longitudinal lines) or with speckling absent; palmar and plantar surfaces lemon yellow in life, light brown in preservative.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[827,1444,742,1040]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,1217,742,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
Comparisons:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1034,1217,742,763]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">Lobulia fortis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1972" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brongersmai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Lo. brongersmai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having unfused (vs. fused) frontoparietals. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Kraus" authorityYear="2020" box="[1190,1318,804,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lobulus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1190,1318,804,825]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Lo. lobulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking dorsolateral and lateral stripes.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1234,1343,834,856]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1234,1343,834,856]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Lo. fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[939,1061,865,887]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="30" pageNumber="250" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[939,1061,865,887]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">Lo. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having unfused frontoparietals and lacking light blue or white dorsolateral and lateral stripes but differs from it in having higher counts of midbody scale rows (34–37 vs. 30–32) and paravertebral scales (55–65 vs. 52–54) and a lower number of nuchal pairs (one or two vs. three).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[827,1443,1081,1900]" lastBlockId="32.[827,1442,1535,1588]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,1182,1081,1103]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1069,1175,1081,1102]" pageId="30" pageNumber="250">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Rostral broad and shallow, wider than deep, projecting slightly onto top of snout; nasals more or less rectangular, separated by rostral and frontonasal contact, projecting anterodorsally onto dorsum of snout; nostril circular, centred within nasal; frontonasal large, with seven sides, extending laterally to slightly above the level of nares, posteriorly in narrow contact with frontal; prefrontals large, separated by frontonasal and frontal contact, bordered lateroventrally by two loreals; supraoculars four, anterior two in contact with frontal, posterior three in contact with frontoparietals; frontal roughly kite shaped, widest anteriorly; frontoparietals single pair in medial contact, in narrow contact with frontal; interparietal of roughly similar area to single frontoparietal, kite shaped, widest anteriorly; parietal eye spot absent; parietals in contact behind interparietal, in contact anteriorly with frontoparietals, posteriormost supraocular and two pretemporals; nuchals single pair, transversely enlarged, wider than long, separated from secondary temporal by a single intercalated scale. Anterior loreal slightly smaller than posterior loreal, both longer than high; lower preocular roughly square in shape; upper preocular much smaller, longer than high; presubocular single; postsuboculars three, lowest interdigitated between subocular supralabial and penultimate supralabial; lower eyelid scaly, moveable, with a clear palpebral disc smaller than size of ear opening; supraciliaries eight, anteriormost not in contact with frontal, posteriormost projecting medially and interdigitated between posteriormost supraocular and upper pretemporal; primary temporal single, interdigitated between posterior two supralabials; secondary temporals two, upper larger and ovelapping lower; supralabials seven, fifth in contact with small scales of lower eyelid; postsupralabials two; ear opening moderately large, with lobules along anterior margin. Mental single; postmental single, contacting two anteriormost infralabials; infralabials seven; enlarged chin shields four pairs, the first two pairs in medial contact, third pair narrowly separated by single medial scale, fourth pair separated by three medial scales; posteriormost chin shield in contact with penultimate infralabial. Body scales smooth, in 36 rows at midbody; paravertebral scales 60; medial precloacal scales enlarged, overlapping lateral precloacals. Scales on dorsal surface of 4th toe in two rows proximally, single row distally beginning at third interphalangeal joint, four single scales; subdigital lamellae under 4th toe 23, smooth. In preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1198,1265,1763,1785]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="18.[163,242,1594,1616]" captionTargetBox="[419,1187,195,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-119@18.[419,1187,195,1554]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 9. Lobulia fortis holotype (BPBM 41149), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530717/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="251">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
), base dorsal coloration grey, with two mid-dorsal parallel rows of large dark brown spots two to four scales long, extending to base of tail and converging to a single row of blotches along tail; dorsolateral stripes absent; lateral field composed of smaller dark brown blotches, roughly parallel to dorsal rows, separated by thin vertical grey lines; lateral stripe absent; head similar in coloration to dorsum, with brown snout; dark brown spotting present on head scales, mostly along scale margins; ventral surfaces uniform light blue; light brown dusting present on chin; scales on palmar and plantar surfaces light brown, contrasting with dark brown digits. In life (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[418,500,1780,1802]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="19.[146,226,580,602]" captionTargetBox="[146,760,195,540]" captionTargetId="figure-732@19.[145,760,195,541]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 10. Lobulia fortis holotype (BPBM 41149) in life, (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view. Images by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530719/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal colour reddish coppery brown with black mid-dorsal spots; chin white; ventral surfaces of chest, abdomen, thighs, precloacal region and tail lemon yellow, with tail becoming white posteriorly; scales on palmar and plantar surfaces lemon yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530747" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530747/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="251" startId="31.[145,225,1391,1413]" targetBox="[401,1169,196,1351]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="31.[145,1424,1391,1443]" pageId="31" pageNumber="251">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,265,1391,1413]" pageId="31" pageNumber="251">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[275,580,1391,1413]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="31" pageNumber="251" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shearmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[275,580,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="251">Ornithuroscincus shearmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (BPBM 47915), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530749/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="252" startId="32.[163,242,1426,1448]" targetBox="[419,1187,195,1386]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[163,1443,1426,1478]" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[163,281,1426,1448]" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[292,549,1426,1448]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="32" pageNumber="252" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[292,549,1426,1448]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">Ornithuroscincus viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (BPBM 44744), in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view of head, (D) dorsal view of head and (E) ventral view of head. Images by Alex Slavenko.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[827,1443,1628,1896]" lastBlockId="33.[145,762,985,1897]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,955,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">Variation:</emphasis>
|
||
Adult body size
|
||
<quantity box="[1196,1377,1628,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.31" metricValueMax="6.05" metricValueMin="4.57" pageId="32" pageNumber="252" unit="mm" value="53.1" valueMax="60.5" valueMin="45.7">45.7–60.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL (mean = 53.6, SD = 4.9,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1094,1135,1660,1681]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
21). Females (mean = 55.8, range: 47.8–60.5, SD = 4.7,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1143,1186,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
10) larger than males (mean = 51.6, range: 45.7–56.8, SD = 4.4,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1325,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
11;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1369,1378,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">t</emphasis>
|
||
= 2.1,
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,843,1752,1773]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">P</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.05). Forelimbs 40.6–47.6% of SVL (mean = 43.3%, SD = 1.9,
|
||
<emphasis box="[954,1000,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
21). Hindlimbs 46.0–54.8% of SVL (mean = 50.2%, SD = 2.4,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1104,1144,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
21). Scale rows at midbody 34–37 (mean = 35.3, SD = 1.0,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1183,1225,1844,1865]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
28); paravertebral scales 55–65 (mean = 58.9, SD = 2.6,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1335,1383,1874,1895]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="252">N =</emphasis>
|
||
28). Lamellae under 4th toe 20–25 (mean = 22.9, SD = 1.2,
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,190,1017,1038]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N =</emphasis>
|
||
28); single supradigital scales on 4th toe 3–5 (mean = 3.5, SD = 0.6,
|
||
<emphasis box="[388,427,1047,1068]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N =</emphasis>
|
||
28). Mostly one or two pairs of nuchals, but BPBM 41130, 41135, 41136, 41138, 41145 and 41146 have an asymmetrical number of nuchals, with one more nuchal on left side. Primary nuchals usually separated from secondary temporals by single smaller intercalated scale (
|
||
<emphasis box="[459,479,1201,1222]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25), rarely by none on left side and one on right (
|
||
<emphasis box="[450,470,1231,1252]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Supraorbital ridges not pronounced in all but BPBM 41152. Frontonasal usually wider than long (
|
||
<emphasis box="[425,445,1293,1314]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25), rarely as long as wide (
|
||
<emphasis box="[153,173,1323,1344]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Prefrontals usually separated by frontonasal and frontal contact (
|
||
<emphasis box="[389,409,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 20), occasionally in narrow medial contact (
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,357,1385,1406]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 7), rarely separated by a single azygous scale (
|
||
<emphasis box="[320,340,1415,1436]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 1). Supraciliaries rarely seven (
|
||
<emphasis box="[740,760,1415,1436]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 1), typically eight (
|
||
<emphasis box="[379,399,1446,1467]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 23), occasionally nine (
|
||
<emphasis box="[684,704,1446,1467]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4). Anteriormost supraciliary usually not in contact with frontal (
|
||
<emphasis box="[238,258,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 22), sometimes in narrow contact (
|
||
<emphasis box="[683,703,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 6). Presubocular usually single (
|
||
<emphasis box="[495,515,1538,1559]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 26), rarely two (
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,761,1538,1559]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). Postsuboculars usually three (
|
||
<emphasis box="[543,563,1569,1590]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25), rarely four (
|
||
<emphasis box="[153,173,1599,1620]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Supralabials typically seven (
|
||
<emphasis box="[589,609,1599,1620]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25), rarely eight (
|
||
<emphasis box="[219,239,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Infralabials rarely six (
|
||
<emphasis box="[575,595,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 3), typically seven (
|
||
<emphasis box="[225,245,1661,1682]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 25). Chin shields typically symmetrical (
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,761,1661,1682]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 23), occasionally anteriormost two on left side fused (
|
||
<emphasis box="[153,173,1722,1743]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4), rarely anteriormost two on right side fused (
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,761,1722,1743]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530751" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530751/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" startId="33.[145,228,850,872]" targetBox="[150,764,195,804]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[145,761,850,931]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,272,850,872]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[285,565,850,872]" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Ornithuroscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptilia" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[285,565,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Ornithuroscincus viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (BPBM 44744) in life, in (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view. Images by Allen Allison.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[145,762,985,1897]" lastBlockId="33.[809,1425,197,250]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Colour pattern of all
|
||
<typeStatus box="[412,526,1783,1804]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
generally similar to
|
||
<typeStatus box="[145,244,1813,1835]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, with few exceptions. Size of mid-dorsal dark brown spots varies between individuals. BPBM 41136 and 41154 have fragmented lateral stripes, and BPBM 41139 has uniform lateral stripes. BPBM 40334 has dark brown palmar and plantar surfaces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[809,1425,297,564]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,974,297,319]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Colour in life:</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal surfaces coppery brown with two parallel mid-dorsal rows of large dark brown spots (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[817,885,358,380]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[145,223,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-158@15.[145,1425,195,1491]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Pictures in life of (A) Lobulia brongersmai (BPBM 34733); (B) Lobulia elegans (BPBM 18692); (C) Lobulia fortis (paratype; BPBM 41130); (D) Lobulia huonensis (holotype; BPBM 40322); (E) Lobulia lobulus (BPBM 47837); (F) Lobulia marmorata (holotype; BPBM 34150). Images A, B, F by Fred Kraus, images C–E by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530711/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[897,924,358,379]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="19.[146,226,580,602]" captionTargetBox="[146,760,195,540]" captionTargetId="figure-732@19.[145,760,195,541]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 10. Lobulia fortis holotype (BPBM 41149) in life, (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view. Images by Allen Allison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530719/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sides dark brown to jet black, usually with thin coppery vertical stripes between dark blotches, which are more or less parallel to dorsal rows of spots. Chin white. Ventral surfaces of chest, abdomen, precloacal region, thighs and base of tail lemon yellow in adult males and white in females and juveniles. Palmar and planar surfaces lemon yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[809,1424,605,688]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,939,605,626]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
From the single-ending Latin adjective,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[809,868,636,657]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,868,636,657]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, strong, in reference to Mt Strong, where the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1375,1424,636,657]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[809,1425,729,1027]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,964,729,750]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens examined are from
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9469999999999998" metricValueMax="2.161" metricValueMin="1.733" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="1947.0" valueMax="2161.0" valueMin="1733.0">1733– 2161 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. on the northern slopes of Mt Strong. Specimens collected from the vicinity of Wau and Mt Kaindi further north in similar elevations and deposited in BPBM as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1072,1198,852,873]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1072,1198,852,873]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Lo. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not examined here, but from photos taken in life and appear to have similar coloration patterns to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1158,1260,913,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1158,1260,913,935]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Lo. fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore possibly also represent
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[1089,1193,944,965]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1089,1193,944,965]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Lo. fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. If true, this would make the distribution of this species extend throughout the north-western Owen Stanley Mts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[809,1425,1078,1897]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,1009,1078,1099]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Natural history:</emphasis>
|
||
All animals were collected from areas that were covered or formerly covered in lower montane forest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Paijmans K" box="[995,1168,1139,1162]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref45707" refString="Paijmans K. 1975. Vegetation of Papua New Guinea and explanatory notes to the vegetation map of Papua New Guinea. CSIRO Land Research Series 35: 1 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1975">Paijmans, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Trees were generally
|
||
<quantity box="[809,909,1170,1192]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 m</quantity>
|
||
tall and formed a fairly even, mostly closed canopy. There was a profusion of epiphytic orchids and ferns and a ground flora of scattered herbs and shrubs. Dominant tree taxa included
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Blume) A. DC." authorityName="A. DC." baseAuthorityName="Blume" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminatissima">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Castanopsis acuminatissima</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) A.DC.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Miq.) Rehder" authorityName="Rehder" baseAuthorityName="Miq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="celebicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1179,1425,1293,1314]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Lithocarpus celebicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Miq.) Rehder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Schltr." authorityName="Schltr." box="[1016,1416,1323,1345]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Elaeocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kaniensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1016,1315,1323,1345]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Elaeocarpus kaniensis</emphasis>
|
||
Schltr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. C. Sm." authorityName="A. C. Sm." box="[809,1230,1354,1375]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Elaeocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pycnanthus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,1116,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Elaeocarpus pycnanthus</emphasis>
|
||
A.C.Sm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1246,1368,1355,1376]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Litsea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1246,1322,1355,1376]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Litsea</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[809,983,1385,1406]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Actinidiaceae" genus="Saurauia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,924,1385,1406]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Saurauia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Southern beech,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1203,1388,1385,1406]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1203,1342,1385,1406]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Nothofagus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is common on some ridges above
|
||
<quantity box="[1158,1245,1416,1437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[809,1425,1078,1897]" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Animals from Langatak were found in forest clearings or in exposed areas along walking tracks. They were exclusively on tree stumps or logs at heights of
|
||
<quantity box="[941,1016,1538,1560]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
|
||
above the forest floor. The other animals were collected around two villages, Arabuka and Kesemani, within
|
||
<quantity box="[1063,1147,1599,1621]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" unit="km" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 km</quantity>
|
||
of Langatak, but located within anthropogenous grassland dominated by two native species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Labill.) Warb. ex K. Schum. & Lauterb." authorityName="K. Schum. & Lauterb." baseAuthorityName="Labill." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Miscanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floridulus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[988,1248,1661,1682]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Miscanthus floridulus</emphasis>
|
||
(Labill.) Warb. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1146,1376,1691,1713]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Imperata" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cylindrica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1146,1376,1691,1713]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Imperata cylindrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) P.Beauv., with patches of the invasive exotic grass,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="P. Beauv. The" authorityName="P. Beauv. The" box="[809,1190,1753,1775]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Melinis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="33" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minutiflora">
|
||
<emphasis box="[809,1035,1753,1774]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="253">Melinis minutiflora</emphasis>
|
||
P.Beauv. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lizards were mostly on isolated tree stumps but also occurred on the lower timbers of houses. They were heliothermic and were generally active only during the first few hours of the morning.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[163,779,197,372]" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">
|
||
Other lizard taxa common in the area included at least two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Allison & Greer" authorityYear="1986" box="[390,546,228,249]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Papuascincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[390,546,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Papuascincus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[559,684,228,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Prasinohaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,684,228,250]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Pr. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Gray, 1845" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1845" box="[196,422,258,280]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[196,275,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Emoia</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1845
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and at least four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Fitzinger, 1843" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[163,532,289,311]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,350,289,310]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Sphenomorphus</emphasis>
|
||
Fitzinger, 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A widely distributed montane frog,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Boulenger, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[337,745,320,342]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angiana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,526,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Litoria angiana</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1915)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is also common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[163,778,413,466]" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,323,413,434]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Reproduction:</emphasis>
|
||
Viviparous. Litter size varies between 2–3 (mean 2.5,
|
||
<emphasis box="[336,378,444,465]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">N =</emphasis>
|
||
6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[163,781,506,1111]" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">
|
||
<emphasis box="[163,418,507,528]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
The species appears locally abundant at the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[355,404,538,559]" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality although the population trend is unknown. Based on the population described herein from Mt Strong, the extent of occurrence for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Lo. fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity box="[251,326,629,651]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="0.3">0.3 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[326,334,628,640]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
|
||
, with an
|
||
<quantity box="[436,491,629,651]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[491,499,628,640]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
|
||
area of occupancy (based on occupation of
|
||
<quantity box="[370,430,660,682]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[431,439,659,671]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
|
||
cells; both calculated using http://geocat.kew.org/). If the species has a wider range in the north-western Owen Stanley Mts as described above, its extent of occurrence would be
|
||
<quantity box="[665,770,752,774]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.458" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="1458.0">1458 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[771,779,751,763]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
|
||
and area of occupancy would be
|
||
<quantity box="[537,610,782,804]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[609,617,782,794]" fontSize="5" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">2</superScript>
|
||
. The putative northern populations occur in a protected area, the Mt Kaindi Wildlife Management Area, approximately
|
||
<quantity box="[723,779,844,866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
from the McAdams National Park. Since it is locally abundant, with no immediate direct threats to the species or indirect threats to its habitat or location, and because it likely occurs over a wide range encompassing at least one protected area, we recommend assigning a status of Least Concern to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Slavenko & Tamar & Tallowin & Kraus & Allison & Carranza & Meiri" authorityYear="2022" box="[471,571,1028,1049]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lobulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fortis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[471,571,1028,1049]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="254">Lo. fortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although its true distribution needs to be confirmed through further surveys in the north-western Owen Stanley Mts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |