228 lines
28 KiB
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228 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="96D80D9CE565C38FF924A979A0B2999D">
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<mods:title id="522C5A64548C92762AB303D335ECED2A">Nomenclatural notes on some taxa of Bidessus Sharp and designation of a neotype (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B5458DF15449735DA44B7B62E136B60B">Fery, Hans</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="40A0758B056B0DDCF71EF879756AA11C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3FA2726F3D648D4FFDC1908A4CE41A45">
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<mods:date id="61DB78004181EB7117F2BA5F8ABA03EF">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="10B4E23E61386D20D148F4C4EA62518F">2019-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AC12EE14F489CFD9827A17FEE069AC78">4565</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D387EEFF9EFFC071FCCFACC173B2F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5945004" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154368711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5945004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D387EEFF9EFFC071FCCFACC173B2F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D387EEFF9EFFC071FCCFACC173B2F1" lastPageNumber="582" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<subSubSection id="C3606573FF9EFFC071FCCFACC1D5B62B" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071FCCFACC002B782" blockId="3.[151,625,151,178]" box="[151,625,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D08D8194FF9EFFC071FCCFACC002B782" bold="true" box="[151,625,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" reason="1">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6A11D6FF9EFFC071FCCFACC002B782" box="[151,625,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC071FCCFACC002B782" authority="O. F. Muller, 1776: 73" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[151,625,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC071FCCFACC002B782" bold="true" box="[151,625,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC071FCCFACC310B781" bold="true" box="[151,355,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Dyticus parvulus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADB10E9FF9EFFC07001CFA3C002B782" author="Muller, O. F." box="[362,625,152,178]" page="73" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" year="1776">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC07001CFA3C034B782" author="Muller, O. F." box="[362,583,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref6784" refString="Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. Havniae, xxxii + 282 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13268" type="book" year="1776">O.F. Müller, 1776</bibRefCitation>
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: 73
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</treatmentCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071FCCFE5C1D5B62B" blockId="3.[151,1436,222,283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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The text in Müller's work is reproduced in
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<figureCitation id="13412A7DFF9EFFC0731FCFE5C0CBB7C7" box="[628,696,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,487,509]" captionTargetBox="[277,1310,335,465]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[273,1313,335,465]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Description of Dyticus parvulus O.F. Müller, 1776: 73." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2591287/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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. My translation of the Latin text is: "
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC0753FCFE4C1E7B62B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC0753FCFE4C6A8B7C7" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1108,1243,222,247]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">D. parvulus</taxonomicName>
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, pronotum black, anteriorly yellow; elytra with a shortened stria; legs brownish black
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</emphasis>
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."
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF056670FF9EFFC071FCCEDCC136B6CD" box="[151,837,487,509]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2591287/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" startId="3.[151,250,487,509]" targetBox="[277,1310,335,465]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071FCCEDCC136B6CD" blockId="3.[151,837,487,509]" box="[151,837,487,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC071FCCEDCC361B6CC" bold="true" box="[151,274,487,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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Description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC070DACED3C132B6CD" authority="O. F. Muller, 1776: 73" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityPageNumber="73" authorityYear="1776" box="[433,833,487,509]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC070DACED3C02EB6CD" box="[433,605,487,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Dyticus parvulus</emphasis>
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O.F. Müller, 1776: 73
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3606573FF9EFFC071ACCD1FC173B2F1" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071ACCD1FC071B425" blockId="3.[151,1437,548,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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Müller's description fits almost all species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07383CD1FC1F6B50D" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1853" box="[744,901,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hydroglyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07383CD1FC1F6B50D" box="[744,901,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Hydroglyphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC072ACCD1FC65AB50D" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" box="[967,1065,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC072ACCD1FC65AB50D" box="[967,1065,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Bidessus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurring not only in northern Europe. However, since Müller's work deals with Scandinavian species, these should be either
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC075DECD73C7E6B550" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[1205,1429,584,609]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unistriatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC075DECD73C7E6B550" box="[1205,1429,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Bidessus unistriatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC071FCCD55C31FB5B5" authorityName="Vorbringer" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,364,622,645]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossepunctatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC071FCCD55C31FB5B5" box="[151,364,622,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">B. grossepunctatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07011CD57C00FB5B4" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[378,636,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hydroglyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07011CD57C00FB5B4" box="[378,636,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Hydroglyphus geminus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC073CFCD55C679B5B5" authority="(Gyllenhal, 1813)" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1813" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[676,1034,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hydroglyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC073CFCD55C148B5B5" box="[676,827,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">H. hamulatus</emphasis>
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(Gyllenhal, 1813)
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</taxonomicName>
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(see e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC0751CCD57C7E3B5B5" author="Nilsson, A. N. & Holmen, M." box="[1143,1424,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="1 - 192" refId="ref6969" refString="Nilsson, A. N. & Holmen, M. (1995) The aquatic Adephaga (Coleoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. Dytiscidae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 32, 1 - 192." type="journal article" year="1995">Nilsson & Holmen 1995</bibRefCitation>
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). The type locality of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07012CDABC3A8B599" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[377,475,656,681]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07012CDABC3A8B599" box="[377,475,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is
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<collectingCountry id="F36D7668FF9EFFC07097CDAAC025B599" box="[508,598,657,681]" name="Norway" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Norway</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36D7668FF9EFFC073E7CDABC087B599" box="[652,756,656,681]" name="Denmark" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC07244CDABC64FB599" author="Nilsson, A. N. & Hajek, J." box="[815,1084,656,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref6913" refString="Nilsson, A. N. & Hajek, J. (2019 b) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera, Adephaga), 304 pp. Internet version 1. I. 2019. Available from: http: // www. waterbeetles. eu (Accessed 21 January 2019)" type="book" year="2019">Nilsson & Hájek 2019b</bibRefCitation>
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: 104). The identity of the taxon cannot be checked since an insect collection of O.F. Müller never did exist or is totally lost (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC075FDCD8EC713B5FD" author="Horn, W. & Kahle, I. & Friese, G. & Gaedike, R." box="[1174,1376,692,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="223 - 573" refId="ref6507" refString="Horn, W., Kahle, I., Friese, G. & Gaedike, R. (1990 b) Collectiones entomologicae, ein Kompendium uber den Verbleib entomologischer Sammlungen der Welt bis 1960. Teil II: L-Z. Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der DDR, Berlin, pp. 223 - 573." type="book chapter" year="1990">
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Horn
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC075B3CD8DC77BB5FD" box="[1240,1288,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
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. 1990b
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 273;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC071FCCDE3C337B5C1" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[151,324,728,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref5883" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1997) Litteratura taxonomica Dipterorum (1758 - 1930). Volume I: A-K, Volume II: L-Z. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 426 & 445 pp." type="book" year="1997">Evenhuis 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 555;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC070E7CDE3C0E4B5C1" author="Nilsson, A. N. & Petrov, P. N." box="[396,663,728,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="159 - 167" refId="ref7008" refString="Nilsson, A. N. & Petrov, P. N. (2006) On the identity of Agabus uliginosus (Linnaeus, 1761), with the description of a new species of Agabus from Russia (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Russian Entomological Journal, 14 (3), 159 - 167." type="journal article" year="2006">Nilsson & Petrov 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 161; see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC0722ACDE3C622B5C1" author="Nilsson, A. N. & Hajek, J." box="[833,1105,728,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref6913" refString="Nilsson, A. N. & Hajek, J. (2019 b) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera, Adephaga), 304 pp. Internet version 1. I. 2019. Available from: http: // www. waterbeetles. eu (Accessed 21 January 2019)" type="book" year="2019">Nilsson & Hájek 2019b</bibRefCitation>
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where under all taxa of O.F. Müller is given "
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<typeStatus id="54C1885AFF9EFFC07039CDC6C3C4B425" box="[338,439,765,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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lost").
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071ACCC1AC058B321" blockId="3.[151,1437,548,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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I know of about 90 works in which the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC073B9CC1BC147B409" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[722,820,800,825]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC073B9CC1BC147B409" box="[722,820,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is used (in combination with several different generic names and authors). Only in 12 of these works is it used as a valid name with author O.F. Müller, one of them is
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC071FCCC53C303B4B1" author="Crotch, G. R." box="[151,368,872,897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="204 - 207" refId="ref5812" refString="Crotch, G. R. (1872) Berichtigungen und Zusatze zum Catalogus Coleopterorum synonymicus et systematicus. Coleopterologische Hefte, 9 - 10, 204 - 207." type="journal article" year="1872">Crotch (1872: 204)</bibRefCitation>
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who gave Goeze's and Schrank's names as synonyms of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07293CC53C629B4B1" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[1016,1114,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07293CC53C629B4B1" box="[1016,1114,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC07502CC53C74DB4B1" author="Heyden, L. von & Catalog der Coleopteren von Sibirien" box="[1129,1342,872,897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="113 - 224" refId="ref6382" refString="Heyden, L. von (1880 - 1882) Catalog der Coleopteren von Sibirien mit Einschluss derjenigen der turanischen Lander, Turkestans und der chinesischen Grenzgebiete. A. W. Schade, Berlin, xxiv + 224 pp. [pp. 1 - 96 in 1880; pp. i-xxiv, 97 - 112 in 1881; pp. 113 - 224 in 1882]" type="book chapter" year="1880">Heyden (1880: 54)</bibRefCitation>
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was the first who included the name as valid in combination with the generic name
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC0729ECCB7C6D7B495" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" box="[1013,1188,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC0729ECCB7C624B495" box="[1013,1111,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Bidessus</emphasis>
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Sharp
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</taxonomicName>
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; additionally, he gave
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC071FCCC8AC287B4F8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[151,244,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hydroglyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC071FCCC8AC287B4F8" box="[151,244,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">geminus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a junior synonym.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC07081CC8BC0DAB4F9" author="Baudi, F. di & Selve" box="[490,681,944,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="1 - 226" refId="ref5547" refString="Baudi, F. di Selve (1889) Catalogo dei coleotteri del Piemonte. Annali della Reale Accademia d'Agricoltura di Torino, 32, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1889">Baudi (1889: 34)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC073B4CC8BC106B4F9" author="Adam, L." box="[735,885,944,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="5 - 64" refId="ref5472" refString="Adam, L. (1996) A check-list of the Hungarian caraboid beetles (Coleoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 57, 5 - 64." type="journal article" year="1996">Ádám (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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are the last authors who treated Müller's name as valid. Otherwise the taxon is mostly treated as synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07250CCEEC1C0B4DC" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[827,947,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unistriatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07250CCEEC1C0B4DC" box="[827,947,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">unistriatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(with authors Schrank, Goeze or others, in several cases also as "sensu" name).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071ACCB27C30CB3F5" blockId="3.[151,1437,548,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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Thus, we have the problem that
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07356CB27C15EB305" authority="O. F. Muller" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[573,813,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07356CB27C0ECB305" box="[573,671,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">parvulus</emphasis>
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O.F. Müller
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</taxonomicName>
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is an available name (although a nomen dubium) and possibly a senior subjective synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07300CB7AC147B369" authority="Goeze" authorityName="Goeze. Because Schrank" authorityYear="1777" box="[619,820,1089,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unistriatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07300CB7AC090B368" box="[619,739,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">unistriatus</emphasis>
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Goeze
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</taxonomicName>
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and also of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC072AECB7AC6D7B369" authority="Schrank" authorityName="Schrank" box="[965,1188,1088,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unistriatus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC072AECB7AC64EB368" box="[965,1085,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">unistriatus</emphasis>
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Schrank
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</taxonomicName>
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, and might be even a senior subjective synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07086CB5DC103B34D" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[493,880,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dytiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07086CB5DC0C0B34D" box="[493,691,1126,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Dytiscus geminus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC073D7CB5FC103B34D" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[700,880,1124,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref5921" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1792) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Vol. 1, part 1. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, xx + 330 pp." type="book" year="1792">Fabricius, 1792</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Since
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC072A9CB5FC657B34D" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1776" box="[962,1060,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dyticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC072A9CB5FC657B34D" box="[962,1060,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an almost forgotten name, the use of this name instead of either Goeze's or Schrank's or Fabricius' name would considerably threaten the stability of the nomenclature.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071ACCBEAC6AEB201" blockId="3.[151,1437,548,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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It would be easy to give the younger name precedence over the older name by application of Article 23.9 of the
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC071FCCBCEC35BB23D" author="ICZN" box="[151,296,1268,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref6647" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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—if
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC07009CBCFC021B23D" author="Adam, L." box="[354,594,1268,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="5 - 64" refId="ref5472" refString="Adam, L. (1996) A check-list of the Hungarian caraboid beetles (Coleoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 57, 5 - 64." type="journal article" year="1996">Ádám (1996: 18, 60)</bibRefCitation>
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would not have used it as valid name. Special problems arise because he even designated it as
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<typeStatus id="54C1885AFF9EFFC070ECCA22C3C4B201" box="[391,439,1305,1329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC0735FCA23C157B201" authority="Bedel, 1881" authorityName="Bedel" authorityYear="1881" box="[564,804,1304,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC0735FCA23C0E5B201" box="[564,662,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Bidessus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC073F7CA23C157B201" author="Bedel, L." box="[668,804,1304,1329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" refId="ref5576" refString="Bedel, L. (1881) Faune des coleopteres du Bassin de la Seine. Premiere partie. Tome 1 er. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (Volume hors Serie), xxiv + 360 pp. + 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8757" type="book" year="1881">Bedel, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC072F8CA22C6A2B201" author="Bousquet, Y. & Bouchard, P." box="[915,1233,1304,1329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref5737" refString="Bousquet, Y. & Bouchard, P. (2018) Case 3744 - Bidessus Sharp, 1880 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Bidessini): proposed conservation of usage by designation of Dytiscus unistriatus Goeze, 1777 as the type species. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 75 (1), 32 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.21805 / bzn. v 75. a 009" type="journal article" year="2018">Bousquet & Bouchard 2018</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC536F8FF9EFFC071ACCA06C173B2F1" blockId="3.[151,1437,548,1473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">
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It must be also mentioned that Müller's name was already involved in another nomenclatural problem.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC071FCCA5BC3C7B249" author="Motschulsky, V. de" box="[151,436,1376,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="77 - 80" refId="ref6763" refString="Motschulsky, V. de (1853 b) Nouveautes. Etudes Entomologiques Motschulsky, 1, 77 - 80." type="journal article" year="1853">Motschulsky (1853b: 77)</bibRefCitation>
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published a new species from Alaska with the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC0757BCA5AC6A9B249" authorityName="O. F. Muller in Goeze" authorityYear="1777" box="[1040,1242,1376,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dytiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC0757BCA5AC6A9B249" box="[1040,1242,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Dytiscus parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The homonymy was removed by J. Balfour-Browne who replaced Motschulsky's name with
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D7BFF9EFFC07283CABDC379B2F1" authority="J. Balfour-Browne, 1944: 356" authorityName="J. Balfour-Browne" authorityPageNumber="356" authorityYear="1944" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Dytiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaskanus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEAEAFF9EFFC07283CABDC6CCB2AD" box="[1000,1215,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="582">Dytiscus alaskanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B09FF9EFFC075AECABEC2A0B2F1" author="Balfour-Browne, J." pageId="3" pageNumber="582" pagination="345 - 359" refId="ref5500" refString="Balfour-Browne, J. (1944) New names and new synonymies in the Dytiscidae (Col.). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 11 (11), 345 - 359. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934408527440" type="journal article" year="1944">J. Balfour-Browne, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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: 356
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</taxonomicName>
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, both names being now objective synonyms.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |