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<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.050.0207" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7910522" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683578453598" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Davies, Gregory B. P. &amp; Miller, Raymond M." docDate="2009" docId="03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.50.2.295-320.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 50 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.050.0207" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pachycerina gabela Davies &amp; Miller 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="310" masterDocId="FFEAFFF2FF94CC41FFD77A50FF9AFFA5" masterDocTitle="Revision of Afrotropical Pachycerina Macquart (Diptera: Lauxaniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="295" masterPageNumber="295" pageNumber="310" updateTime="1683606148534" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of Afrotropical Pachycerina Macquart (Diptera: Lauxaniidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Davies, Gregory B. P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Miller, Raymond M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2009-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>50</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>295</mods:start>
<mods:end>295</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.050.0207</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.050.0207</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7910522</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<subSubSection box="[512,811,528,554]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" box="[512,811,528,554]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<heading box="[512,811,528,554]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" reason="2">
<taxonomicName authority="Davies &amp; Miller, 2009" authorityName="Davies &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2009" box="[512,744,528,553]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Pachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabela" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[512,744,528,553]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Pachycerina gabela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[751,811,529,554]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="310" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" box="[578,745,569,594]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<figureCitation box="[578,663,569,594]" captionStart="Figs 23–27" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1599,1619]" captionTargetBox="[244,1022,478,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-186@14.[244,1022,478,1579]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 23–27. Posterior view of male terminalia: (23) Pachycerina stuckenbergi sp. n.; (24) Pachycerina vaga Adams; (25) Pachycerina crinicornis (Thomson); (26) Pachycerina gabela sp. n.; (27) Pachycerina micropunctata sp. n. Scale bar = 0.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911550/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Figs 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[675,705,569,594]" captionStart="Figs 28–33" captionStartId="16.[144,183,1577,1597]" captionTargetBox="[179,1064,857,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-238@16.[179,1064,857,1562]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figs 28–33. Dorsal view of male inner genitalia: (28) Pachycerina obscuripennis Lamb; (29) Pachycerina potentilla sp. n.; (30) Pachycerina stuckenbergi sp. n.; (31) Pachycerina atrimela sp. n.; (32) Pachycerina gabela sp. n.; (33) Pachycerina pellocera sp. n. Abbreviation: aed apo – aedeagal apodeme. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7910548/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[717,745,569,594]" captionStart="Figs 39–48" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1577,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1101,565,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-191@20.[152,1101,565,1558]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 39–48. Sternite 5 of male Pachycerina species: (39) P. vaga Adams; (40) P. nigrivittata sp. n.; (41) P. gabela sp. n.; (42) P. atrimela sp. n.; (43) P. pellocera sp. n.; (44) P. stuckenbergi sp. n.; (45) P. crinicornis (Thomson); (46) P. potentilla sp. n.; (47) P.seychellensis Lamb; (48) P. micropunctata sp. n. Abbreviation: post proc – posterior process. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7910554/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">41</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
Etymology: Named after the
<typeStatus box="[493,540,606,631]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">type</typeStatus>
locality. Gabela is a celebrated area of faunal endemism centered on the subtropical escarpment forests in north-western
<collectingCountry box="[897,983,638,663]" name="Angola" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Angola</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
Diagnosis: Identifiable by its black abdomen (both sexes), absence of any T6 spots and shape of male S5.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Davies &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2009" box="[387,491,708,732]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Pachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabela">
<emphasis box="[387,491,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">P. gabela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only mainland African species to lack the paired T6 spots. Other features are the large black ocellar spot, large black prefrontal spots, long yellow postpedicel, very faintly infuscated scape and pedicel, and that only the protarsus is darkened.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" box="[181,321,841,866]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis box="[181,242,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Head</emphasis>
: Prefrontal spots large and black. Ocellar spot large and black. Fronto-orbital plates not infuscated. Postpedicel yellow, scape and pedicel light orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis box="[181,262,948,972]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Thorax</emphasis>
: Acrostichal, dorsocentral and presutural vittae present (pattern indistinct on
<typeStatus box="[181,283,979,1004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">holotype</typeStatus>
). Scutellum yellow, no stripes. Upper and lower lateral vittae present. Profemur and protibia yellow, protarsus blackish. Other legs yellow. Wing with faint infuscation in costal cell, stigma and marginal cell. Haltere yellow-orange, slightly darkened knob.
<emphasis box="[181,287,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Black, but syntergite 1+2 with slight yellow tinge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
Male terminalia (
<figureCitation box="[372,458,1113,1138]" captionStart="Figs 23–27" captionStartId="14.[144,183,1599,1619]" captionTargetBox="[244,1022,478,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-186@14.[244,1022,478,1579]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 23–27. Posterior view of male terminalia: (23) Pachycerina stuckenbergi sp. n.; (24) Pachycerina vaga Adams; (25) Pachycerina crinicornis (Thomson); (26) Pachycerina gabela sp. n.; (27) Pachycerina micropunctata sp. n. Scale bar = 0.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911550/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Figs 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[468,498,1113,1138]" captionStart="Figs 28–33" captionStartId="16.[144,183,1577,1597]" captionTargetBox="[179,1064,857,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-238@16.[179,1064,857,1562]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figs 28–33. Dorsal view of male inner genitalia: (28) Pachycerina obscuripennis Lamb; (29) Pachycerina potentilla sp. n.; (30) Pachycerina stuckenbergi sp. n.; (31) Pachycerina atrimela sp. n.; (32) Pachycerina gabela sp. n.; (33) Pachycerina pellocera sp. n. Abbreviation: aed apo – aedeagal apodeme. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7910548/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[509,541,1113,1138]" captionStart="Figs 39–48" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1577,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1101,565,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-191@20.[152,1101,565,1558]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 39–48. Sternite 5 of male Pachycerina species: (39) P. vaga Adams; (40) P. nigrivittata sp. n.; (41) P. gabela sp. n.; (42) P. atrimela sp. n.; (43) P. pellocera sp. n.; (44) P. stuckenbergi sp. n.; (45) P. crinicornis (Thomson); (46) P. potentilla sp. n.; (47) P.seychellensis Lamb; (48) P. micropunctata sp. n. Abbreviation: post proc – posterior process. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7910554/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">41</figureCitation>
): S5 with straight posterior processes and medial spur. T6 without paired spots. Surstyli fairly short (slightly longer than epandrium). Gonopods asymmetric, left gonopod slightly shorter than right gonopod. Both gonopods with lateral spinules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis box="[181,343,1246,1270]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Measurements</emphasis>
: ơ (n=2), ^(n=2): head length – ơ 0.8, ^0.7; thorax length (incl. scutellum) – ơ 2.1 (2.0–2.1), ^1.9; abdomen length – ơ 1.8, ^1.8 (1.7–1.9); wing length – ơ 3.7, ^3.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1142,528,1467]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<materialsCitation box="[181,1133,1343,1366]" collectingDate="1972-03-16" collectingDateMax="1972-03-18" collectingDateMin="1972-03-16" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Angola" latitude="-10.8" location="Cuanza Sol" longLatPrecision="1297" longitude="14.416667" municipality="Gabela" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[181,269,1346,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ơ
<collectingCountry box="[296,395,1346,1366]" name="Angola" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">ANGOLA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis box="[404,508,1346,1366]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E:8EA56047FF9BCC4EFE437F12FE66FAF3" box="[404,508,1346,1366]" country="Angola" latitude="-10.8" longLatPrecision="1297" longitude="14.416667" municipality="Gabela" name="Cuanza Sol" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Cuanza Sol</location>
</emphasis>
:
<quantity box="[519,585,1346,1366]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 miles</quantity>
west of
<collectingMunicipality box="[663,727,1346,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Gabela</collectingMunicipality>
[
<geoCoordinate box="[739,814,1343,1366]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="-10.8">10°48'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[816,893,1343,1366]" degrees="14" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="14.416667">14°25'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date box="[909,1042,1346,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-16" valueMax="1972-03-18" valueMin="1972-03-16">
<collectingDate box="[909,1042,1346,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-16" valueMax="1972-03-18" valueMin="1972-03-16">16–18.iii.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode box="[1054,1127,1346,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation box="[181,897,1375,1395]" collectingDate="1972-03-16" collectingDateMax="1972-03-18" collectingDateMin="1972-03-16" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Angola" latitude="-10.8" location="Cuanza Sol" longLatPrecision="1297" longitude="14.416667" municipality="Gabela" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
<typeStatus box="[181,414,1375,1395]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Other material examined</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry box="[423,522,1375,1395]" name="Angola" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">ANGOLA</collectingCountry>
: 2ơ 2^same data as holotype (
<collectionCode box="[818,891,1375,1395]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1972-03-15" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Angola" location="Salazar" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
2ơ
<quantity box="[941,1009,1375,1395]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 miles</quantity>
south-west of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E:8EA56047FF9BCC4EFF627F27FF63FA2E" box="[181,249,1399,1419]" country="Angola" name="Salazar" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Salazar</location>
,
<date box="[257,355,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-15">
<collectingDate box="[257,355,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-15">15.iii.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode box="[366,439,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[453,803,1399,1419]" collectingDate="1972-03-09" collectingDateMax="1972-03-15" collectingDateMin="1972-03-09" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Angola" location="Salazar" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E:8EA56047FF9BCC4EFE347F27FDD3FA2E" box="[483,585,1399,1419]" country="Angola" name="Salazar" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">1^Salazar</location>
,
<date box="[592,714,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-09" valueMax="1972-03-15" valueMin="1972-03-09">
<collectingDate box="[592,714,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1972-03-09" valueMax="1972-03-15" valueMin="1972-03-09">9–15.iii.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode box="[724,797,1399,1419]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1964-04-08" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" latitude="-24.516666" location="Mariepskop" longLatPrecision="1251" longitude="30.866667" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<collectingCountry box="[811,976,1399,1419]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis box="[983,1063,1399,1419]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">
<collectingRegion box="[983,1063,1399,1419]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E:8EA56047FF9BCC4EFB877F27FE99FA06" country="South Africa" latitude="-24.516666" longLatPrecision="1251" longitude="30.866667" name="Mariepskop" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Limpopo">Mariepskop</location>
[
<geoCoordinate box="[270,343,1420,1443]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="-24.516666">24°31'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[345,425,1420,1443]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="30.866667">30°52'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date box="[439,523,1423,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1964-04-08">
<collectingDate box="[439,523,1423,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1964-04-08">8.iv.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode box="[534,605,1423,1443]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-12-07" collectingDateMax="1976-12-08" collectingDateMin="1976-12-07" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Selati R. &amp; R. M. Miller" country="South Africa" latitude="-24.1" location="Ofcolaco" longLatPrecision="1252" longitude="30.383333" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D3878AFF9BCC4EFDD77840FED1FA1E:8EA56047FF9BCC4EFDBC7FDFFD24FA06" box="[619,702,1423,1443]" country="South Africa" latitude="-24.1" longLatPrecision="1252" longitude="30.383333" name="Ofcolaco" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Ofcolaco</location>
[
<geoCoordinate box="[712,786,1420,1443]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="-24.1">24°06'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[789,867,1420,1443]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" precision="925" value="30.383333">30°23'E</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectorName box="[882,961,1423,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310">Selati R.</collectorName>
,
<date box="[969,1086,1423,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1976-12-07" valueMax="1976-12-08" valueMin="1976-12-07">
<collectingDate box="[969,1086,1423,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" value="1976-12-07" valueMax="1976-12-08" valueMin="1976-12-07">7–8.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="310">R.M. Miller</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[250,321,1447,1467]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="310" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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