334 lines
36 KiB
XML
334 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="DD7ABB858635851B7219B25C661CB5EE" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5828924" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641583530839" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan" docDate="2021" docId="03D3878AB730FF86672E7830D907F9C9" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-781_1-485.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 781" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chitonomyces Peyr." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="FFEAFFF2B751FFE465547D32DC70FF9B" masterDocTitle="Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark" masterLastPageNumber="425" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1699287388452" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A9B5E3F4DA478E37B4B0EEB94609992E">Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="30D157C31F15A1265E610D9F5EC14712" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4FC719A9AD85FA8FF7E6C4E92BC053B3">Santamaria, Sergi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="228D3B6883A1B96F3684EDE3C897551F">Unitat de Botànica, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d’Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B9AECFCD0B17F890FDB8304D6F084FC7" type="email">sergi.santamaria@uab.cat</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A0CD9E9CCFF71272F63FEC442E53BEEE">Pedersen, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ADE92BFE0030F0BC173B29A049D80128">Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum), University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3CE77268078960E7E6C40EEA3FC85619" type="email">japedersen@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="F33A67B743E1BD04936906E58E4CD3F6">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3A7E6027880B1D6ADCB28B60CCD19AD8">
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<mods:date id="A8644C80A5D7A126F8FB1F9C22FC3E23">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2FEDFD1D561F0F5719705E6718283A73">2021-11-26</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4D087F90FBE1604056E3FE870A190D0D" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF85672E7830DFCAFA86" box="[634,954,1282,1309]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF85672E7830DFCAFA86" blockId="97.[634,954,1282,1344]" box="[634,954,1282,1309]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<heading id="D08D81F0B730FF85672E7830DFCAFA86" box="[634,954,1282,1309]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF8567987830DFCAFA86" ID-CoL="62LWW" ID-ENA="1049342" authority="Peyr." box="[716,954,1282,1309]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF8567987830DF07FA86" bold="true" box="[716,887,1282,1309]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chitonomyces</emphasis>
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Peyr.
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF85678A7814DF25FADB" box="[734,853,1318,1344]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF85678A7814DF25FADB" blockId="97.[634,954,1282,1344]" box="[734,853,1318,1344]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">MB#1002</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF8565E9785AD85CFA3D" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8565E9785AD85CFA3D" blockId="97.[189,1399,1384,1482]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<bibCitation id="5E503EF0B730FF8565E9785AD865FA3D" journal="Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften" page="250" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" volume="1" year="1873">
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF8565E9785ADE94FA3D" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
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<collectingRegion id="49BEF87EB730FF85610D785BD8EDFA19" box="[1113,1181,1385,1410]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Wien</collectingRegion>
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. Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
68: 250 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB730FF85660778BED878FA3D" author="Peyritsch J." box="[851,1032,1420,1446]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="227 - 254" refId="ref217607" refString="Peyritsch J. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Laboulbenien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung 2 68 (1 - 5): 227 - 254." type="journal article" year="1873">Peyritsch 1873</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</bibCitation>
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–
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF85616678BEDD57FA51" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF85616678BEDD57FA51" blockId="97.[189,1399,1384,1482]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<typeStatus id="54C1883EB730FF85616678BED81CFA3D" box="[1074,1132,1420,1446]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF85618C78BEDD57FA51" ID-CoL="5XVQM" authority="Peyr." authorityName="Peyr." class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="melanurus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF85618C78BED907FA3D" box="[1240,1399,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. melanurus</emphasis>
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Peyr.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF8565E978C0D93FF9AB" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8565E978C0D93FF9AB" blockId="97.[189,1398,1521,1584]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6A11B2B730FF8565E978C0D93FF9AB" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADB108DB730FF8565E978C0D8CDF9B4" issue="68" journal="Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften" page="251" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" volume="1" year="1873">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF8565E978C0D952F990" authority="Peyr., Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften." box="[189,1314,1521,1548]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Heimatomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF8565E978C0DD03F990" box="[189,371,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Heimatomyces</emphasis>
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Peyr.,
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||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF85648D78C3D952F990" box="[473,1314,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF85606578C0DFE3F9B4" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<collectingRegion id="49BEF87EB730FF85606578C0D902F990" box="[1329,1394,1522,1547]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Wien</collectingRegion>
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||
. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
68: 251 (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB730FF8561567B27D8C5F9B4" author="Peyritsch J." box="[1026,1205,1557,1583]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="227 - 254" refId="ref217607" refString="Peyritsch J. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Laboulbenien. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Abteilung 2 68 (1 - 5): 227 - 254." type="journal article" year="1873">Peyritsch 1873</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
[MB#2252]
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF8565E97B65D907F897" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8565E97B65DDE0F9EA" blockId="97.[189,400,1623,1649]" box="[189,400,1623,1649]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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||
<heading id="D08D81F0B730FF8565E97B65DDE0F9EA" bold="true" box="[189,400,1623,1649]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF8565E97B65DDE0F9EA" bold="true" box="[189,400,1623,1649]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Brief description</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8565E97BB4D907F897" blockId="97.[187,1399,1670,1805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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||
Monoecious. Receptacle six-celled. The primary appendage, which is subtended by cell IIIa, is two-celled and consists of a dome-shaped basal cell and a filiform distal cell. Only one antheridium for each thallus, usually also dome-shaped and mostly similar to the basal cell of the primary appendage (this corresponds to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF85641E7BC0DD9EF897" box="[330,494,1778,1804]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF85641E7BC0DD9EF897" box="[330,494,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chitonomyces</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the strict sense, see below), embedded between cell IIIa and the perithecium.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B730FF8665E97A06DF98FDBF" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8565E97A06DD5FF8D5" blockId="97.[189,303,1844,1870]" box="[189,303,1844,1870]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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||
<heading id="D08D81F0B730FF8565E97A06DD5FF8D5" bold="true" box="[189,303,1844,1870]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF8565E97A06DD5FF8D5" bold="true" box="[189,303,1844,1870]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB730FF8665E97A51DF98FDBF" blockId="97.[189,1399,1891,2025]" lastBlockId="98.[189,1399,265,548]" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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The genus consists of 89 species, of which
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<quantity id="4C829B79B730FF8567FA7A51DE98F8E6" box="[686,744,1891,1917]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
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Europe, seven in
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<collectingCountry id="F36D760CB730FF8566E17A51D856F8E6" box="[949,1062,1891,1917]" name="Denmark" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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. The most recently described species is
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF85646D7AB5DED9F839" authority="(Santamaria 2001 b)" baseAuthorityName="Santamaria" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[313,681,1927,1954]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tylopus">
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB730FF85646D7AB5DDC1F83A" box="[313,433,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. tylopus</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB730FF8564977AB5DED1F839" author="Santamaria S." box="[451,673,1927,1954]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="339 - 365" refId="ref220396" refString="Santamaria S. 2001 b. The genus Chitonomyces (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) in Spain. Nova Hedwigia 73 (3 - 4): 339 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova. hedwigia / 73 / 2001 / 339" type="journal article" year="2001">Santamaria 2001b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. This is an isolated and well-characterized genus associated with aquatic beetles, mostly
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF8567447A98DEE1F85F" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[528,657,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
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||
, but also
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF8566577A98DF0DF85F" box="[771,893,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Haliplidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haliplidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB730FF8566ED7A98D842F85F" box="[953,1074,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gyrinidae</taxonomicName>
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. Some species show a high degree of specialization by growing on very restricted areas of host bodies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB730FF8561107AFCD91BF873" author="Goldmann L. M. & Weir A." box="[1092,1387,1998,2024]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1143 - 1158" refId="ref212847" refString="Goldmann L. M. & Weir A. 2012. Position specificity in Chitonomyces (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniomycetes) on Laccophilus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae): a molecular approach resolves a century-old debate. Mycologia 104 (5): 1143 - 1158." type="journal article" year="2012">Goldmann & Weir 2012</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Thalli show a bizarre morphology requiring a particular terminology.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB733FF86668F7C3BD8F9FEB8" author="Thaxter R." box="[987,1161,265,291]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="309 - 426" refId="ref223616" refString="Thaxter R. 1924. Contribution towards a monograph of the Laboulbeniaceae. Part III. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 14 (5): 309 - 426. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25058114" type="journal article" year="1924">Thaxter (1924)</bibRefCitation>
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||
divided the genus in two subgenera,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8664207C1FDE44FEDC" box="[372,564,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Euchitonomyces</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8667387C1FDF62FEDC" box="[620,786,301,327]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8667387C1FDF62FEDC" box="[620,786,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Chitonomyces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23D57F5B733FF86664D7C1CDF26FED3" box="[793,854,302,328]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
for species with six or eight receptacular cells, respectively. The only further difference between the
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<specimenCount id="9D7CFD15B733FF86667C7C61DFE9FEF6" box="[808,921,339,365]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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||
seems to be related to the distinctiveness of the antheridium which is, weakly distinguished in
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<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8666657C45DF81FE0A" box="[817,1009,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Euchitonomyces</emphasis>
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||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661687C45D895FE0A" box="[1084,1253,375,401]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="bidessarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661687C45D895FE0A" box="[1084,1253,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. bidessarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Otherwise we see no reason to separate the two groups. The six receptacular cells are named I, Ia, II, IIa, III, and IIIa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB733FF8665A27CF2DDB1FE41" author="Santamaria S." box="[246,449,448,474]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refId="ref220482" refString="Santamaria S. 2003. Laboulbeniales, II. Acompsomyces - Ilyomyces. Flora Mycologica Iberica 5, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart" type="book" year="2003">Santamaria 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB733FF8664987CF2DE97FE41" author="Goldmann L. M. & Weir A." box="[460,743,448,474]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="1143 - 1158" refId="ref212847" refString="Goldmann L. M. & Weir A. 2012. Position specificity in Chitonomyces (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniomycetes) on Laccophilus (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae): a molecular approach resolves a century-old debate. Mycologia 104 (5): 1143 - 1158." type="journal article" year="2012">Goldmann & Weir 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13412A19B733FF8667AB7CF2DF1AFE41" box="[767,874,448,474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="101.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,267,1712]" captionTargetId="figure-153@101.[215,1372,267,1712]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="Fig. 20. Chitonomyces spp. A–B. C. aculeifer Speg. Mature thalli with labelling of cells and other parts of the thallus, i.e., cells I, Ia, II, IIa, III, IIIa, VI, antheridium (an), primary appendage (pa) and perithecial outgrowth (arrow). A. From Graptodytes. B. From Haliplus. –C–D. C. bidessarius (Thaxt.) Thaxt. Mature thalli with labelling of cells of the thallus, i.e., cells I, Ia, II, IIa, III, and IIIa. – E–F. C. elongatus Speg. E. Thallus from a female host. F. Thallus from a male host. – G. C. ensifer Speg. Mature thallus showing prominent cell VI and perithecial outgrowth (arrow). Scale bars: 50 µm. Photographs from slides ZMUC C-F-123553 (A), ZMUC C-F-124083 (B), ZMUC C-F-122816 (C–D), ZMUC C-F-124060 (E), ZMUC C-F-124061 (F), ZMUC C-F-123670 (G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5828984/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Because of the absence of a thorough study of thallus development in this genus, the exact identity of some cells has not been clearly interpreted, particularly the cells lying under the perithecium, as m, n, n′ and VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B733FF8665E97F7EDFA8FDFD" box="[189,984,588,614]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E97F7EDFA8FDFD" blockId="98.[189,984,588,614]" box="[189,984,588,614]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<heading id="D08D81F0B733FF8665E97F7EDFA8FDFD" bold="true" box="[189,984,588,614]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8665E97F7EDFA8FDFD" bold="true" box="[189,984,588,614]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Key to the Danish species (partially following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEB4B6DB733FF8667AE7F7EDFA0FDFD" author="Santamaria S." box="[762,976,588,614]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refId="ref220482" refString="Santamaria S. 2003. Laboulbeniales, II. Acompsomyces - Ilyomyces. Flora Mycologica Iberica 5, Real Jardin Botanico - CSIC / CSIC - Cramer / Madrid - Berlin - Stuttgart" type="book" year="2003">Santamaria 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3606517B733FF8665E97F4ED907F9C9" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="key">
|
||
<key id="FFEB61ADB733FF8665E97F4ED907F9C9" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E97F4ED907FD20" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E97F4ED907FD0D" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" box="[189,1399,636,662]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E97F4ED907FD0D" box="[189,1399,636,662]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">1. Species with some kind of horn-like outgrowth perithecial cell, including basal and stalk cells .... 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665957F93D907FD20" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" box="[193,1399,672,699]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665957F93D907FD20" box="[193,1399,672,699]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">– Species without this kind of outgrowths on or near the perithecium ............................................... 4</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E97FD1D907FCF0" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E97FD1D907FCDD" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E97FD1D907FCDD" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
2. A perithecial outgrowth on the top, arising from an uppermost wall cell. Thalli growing under the posterior margin of left elytron. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8667DB7E3ADFC7FCB8" ID-CoL="59RR" authority="Leach, 1815" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[655,951,776,803]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8667DB7E3ADF6EFCB9" box="[655,798,776,802]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Laccophilus</emphasis>
|
||
Leach, 1815
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661557E3AD8F0FCB8" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1025,1152,776,803]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ............................... ...............................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661787E1ED907FCDD" ID-CoL="5Y7QF" authority="(Peyr.) Thaxt." authorityName="Thaxt." baseAuthorityName="Peyr." box="[1068,1399,812,839]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661787E1ED8BDFCDC" bold="true" box="[1068,1229,812,839]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
(Peyr.) Thaxt.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665957E60D907FCF0" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" box="[193,1399,849,876]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665957E60D907FCF0" box="[193,1399,849,876]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">– Perithecial outgrowth lateral. Thalli on other locations of host body............................................... 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E97EA6D907FBFE" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E97EA6D907FC6C" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E97EA6D907FC6C" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
3. A perithecial outgrowth arising from a preapical wall cell. Thalli growing under the margins of the pronotum. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8664927E8ADF75FC48" ID-CoL="4QWK" authority="Seidlitz, 1887" authorityName="Seidlitz" authorityYear="1887" box="[454,773,952,979]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Graptodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8664927E8ADE27FC49" box="[454,599,952,978]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Graptodytes</emphasis>
|
||
Seidlitz, 1887
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8666067E8ADFA2FC48" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[850,978,952,979]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661427E8AD942FC48" ID-CoL="4SSL" authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1046,1330,952,979]" class="Insecta" family="Haliplidae" genus="Haliplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661427E8AD80BFC49" box="[1046,1147,952,978]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Haliplus</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille, 1802
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8665BE7EEFDD16FC63" ID-CoL="625H9" box="[234,358,989,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Haliplidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haliplidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) .............................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661CB7EEFD907FC6C" authority="Speg." authorityName="Speg." box="[1183,1399,989,1016]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aculeifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661CB7EEFD95EFC63" bold="true" box="[1183,1326,989,1016]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. aculeifer</emphasis>
|
||
Speg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665957930D907FBFE" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665957930D907FBFE" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
– A perithecial outgrowth arising from the lower third of the anterior side of the perithecium, sometimes also including a bulging cell VI which resembles a second protuberance. Thalli growing on the last tarsus of left hind leg. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8667497979DEDCFBFE" ID-CoL="59RR" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[541,684,1099,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8667497979DEDCFBFE" box="[541,684,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Laccophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8667A37979DF06FBFD" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[759,886,1099,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661EC7979D907FBFE" authority="Speg." authorityName="Speg." box="[1208,1399,1098,1125]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ensifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661EC7979D95DFBFF" bold="true" box="[1208,1325,1098,1125]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. ensifer</emphasis>
|
||
Speg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E979BCD907FB69" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E979BCD907FB57" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E979BCD907FB57" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
4. Cell IIIa proliferating into a lateral outgrowth. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF86666F79BCDFBAFB33" ID-CoL="59RR" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[827,970,1166,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF86666F79BCDFBAFB33" box="[827,970,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Laccophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF86614079BCD8E3FB32" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1044,1171,1166,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) ............................ ..................................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661E77980D907FB57" ID-CoL="YDL8" authority="Speg." authorityName="Speg. (Spegazzini" authorityYear="1918" box="[1203,1399,1202,1229]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Coreomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="italicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661E77980D95DFB56" bold="true" box="[1203,1325,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. italicus</emphasis>
|
||
Speg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF86659579E5D907FB69" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" box="[193,1399,1239,1266]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF86659579E5D907FB69" box="[193,1399,1239,1266]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">– Cell IIIa not proliferating into an outgrowth .................................................................................... 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E97828D907FA3A" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E97828D907FAC2" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E97828D907FAC2" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
5. Cell IIIa and basal cell of primary appendage blackened and with a hook-shaped tip. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661B37828D906FAAF" ID-CoL="59RR" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1255,1398,1306,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661B37828D906FAAF" box="[1255,1398,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Laccophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF866479780CDDDCFAC2" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[301,428,1342,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)..................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661DB780CD907FAC2" ID-CoL="5XVQM" authority="Peyr." authorityName="Peyr." box="[1167,1399,1342,1369]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="melanurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661DB780CD943FAC3" bold="true" box="[1167,1331,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. melanurus</emphasis>
|
||
Peyr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665957851D907FA3A" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665957851D907FA3A" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">– Cell IIIa and basal cell of primary appendage hyaline to pale yellowish-brown, concolorous with the remaining thallus .............................................................................................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="308E2E39B733FF8665E978F8D907F9C9" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665E978F8D907F992" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665E978F8D907F992" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
6. Cell I very elongate, 5–10 or even more longer as broad. Thalli concealed under the last abdominal sternite of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF86643C78DDDD87F992" ID-CoL="59RR" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[360,503,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Laccophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF86643C78DDDD87F992" box="[360,503,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Laccophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF86671578DDDEB0F991" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[577,704,1519,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) .............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661C178DDD907F992" ID-CoL="5Y7QC" authority="Speg." authorityName="Speg." box="[1173,1399,1518,1545]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661C178DDD95DF992" bold="true" box="[1173,1325,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. elongatus</emphasis>
|
||
Speg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC5369CB733FF8665957B26D907F9C9" blockId="98.[189,1399,636,1619]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<keyLead id="308B95A9B733FF8665957B26D907F9C9" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
– Cell I shorter, at most twice longer as broad. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8666717B26D83CF9B5" ID-CoL="4ZYJ" authority="Stephens, 1828" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1828" box="[805,1100,1555,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8666717B26DFE1F9B6" box="[805,913,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Hygrotus</emphasis>
|
||
Stephens, 1828
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Col.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661C27B21D965F9B5" ID-CoL="9JJ" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1174,1301,1555,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dytiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)........... ............................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7A4D1FB733FF8661407B0AD907F9C9" ID-CoL="69VQX" authority="(Thaxt.) Thaxt." authorityName="Thaxt." baseAuthorityName="Thaxt." box="[1044,1399,1592,1619]" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Chitonomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="bidessarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90EEA8EB733FF8661407B0AD8CDF9C8" bold="true" box="[1044,1213,1592,1619]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. bidessarius</emphasis>
|
||
(Thaxt.) Thaxt.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |