173 lines
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173 lines
21 KiB
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<document id="4D8C764825773EA76A59E1D7076ED947" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5360.4.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084656" ID-ZooBank="EA1BE6F9-88E2-4357-895E-8ED415206592" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1698932936510" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boxshall, Geoffrey A. & Bernot, James P." docDate="2023" docId="03AFA377FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F06FFA1B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5360.4.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5360 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.4.5/52133" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Demoleus heptapus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="557" masterDocId="FF96DB0FFFB1FFEDFFED9318F146FFDA" masterDocTitle="Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)" masterLastPageNumber="567" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="557" updateTime="1701687868325" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5AC80BF497AA6E098DB52EF6347DFEBD">
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<mods:title id="E4167EE4C952D05D78F540B6BDA4C2B0">Resolving taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in the genus Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Caligidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8D6AEBABB5C9ECE230984B6FDF8E5ABC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="97EF5CBA8942F1AA0FB379DAA208C449">Boxshall, Geoffrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DF2BC9648F709C709E8E221662E2BE8">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8591D512ED6E297CAAFF471EA65899F4">Bernot, James P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E5FC6C4CB25C8C4C6B5FA525052FBD1">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 20560, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3A1C814685BA6A5341B8AEA8822AAD3E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1992CB02876EB7466D3B55D94B6EB878">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ED5947A70C34D7544EBBE9AAAE90E71F">
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<mods:date id="90F7AA683611F728CA05701C41AAC351">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2CEC39E4A76870E6061911DB466FB940">2023-10-30</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0B59ACAA670641D7143D2793C84D115F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8CFBFF95B67EFA6A5B3A4C153C643400" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5360.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AFA377FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F06FFA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AFA377FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F06FFA1B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AFA377FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F06FFA1B" lastPageNumber="557" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<heading id="D0F1A50DFFBDFFE1FF7A9196F280FD72" bold="true" box="[151,966,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F280FD72" bold="true" box="[151,966,654,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBDFFE1FF7A9196F372FD73" box="[151,564,654,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F372FD73" blockId="12.[151,966,654,681]" box="[151,564,654,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F0B8FD72" ID-CoL="5WTYH" authority="Risso, 1826" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,510,654,681]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessonius">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FF7A9196F02CFD73" bold="true" box="[151,362,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus lessonius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FE9F9196F0B8FD72" author="Risso, A." box="[370,510,654,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16245" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionales et particulierement de celles environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Tome 5. Levrault, F. - G., Paris, 135 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984" type="book" year="1826">Risso, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBDFFE1FDD19196F280FD72" box="[572,966,654,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBDFFE1FDD19196F280FD72" blockId="12.[151,966,654,681]" box="[572,966,654,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FDD19196F280FD72" ID-CoL="34LCB" authority="(Otto, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Otto" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[572,966,654,681]" class="Copepoda" family="Pandaridae" genus="Demoleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heptapus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FDD19196F26FFD73" bold="true" box="[572,809,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Demoleus heptapus</emphasis>
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(Otto, 1821)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C31C41EAFFBDFFE1FF7A91CFF06FFA1B" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBDFFE1FF7A91CFF2D0FC37" blockId="12.[151,1437,727,1473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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This species was established by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FDEF91CFF3D4FD2B" author="Risso, A." box="[514,658,727,753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16245" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionales et particulierement de celles environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Tome 5. Levrault, F. - G., Paris, 135 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984" type="book" year="1826">Risso (1826)</bibRefCitation>
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to accommodate a parasitic copepod found on “squale griset” caught in the Mediterranean. In their catalogue of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FD9991E3F260FCCF" box="[628,806,763,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FD9991E3F38DFCCF" box="[628,715,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FCDD91E3F562FCCF" author="Margolis, L. & Kabata, Z. & Parker, R. R." box="[816,1060,762,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref15173" refString="Margolis, L., Kabata, Z. & Parker, R. R. (1975) Catalogue and synopsis of Caligus, a genus of Copepoda (Crustacea) parasitic on fishes. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 192, 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1975">
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Margolis
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FC7691E3F295FCCF" box="[923,979,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">et al.</emphasis>
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(1975)
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</bibRefCitation>
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listed the
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<typeStatus id="54BDACC3FFBDFFE1FB7B91E3F580FCCF" box="[1174,1222,763,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">type</typeStatus>
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host as
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FACD91E3F082FCE3" authority="(Bonnaterre, 1788)" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1788" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Hexanchidae" genus="Hexanchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hexanchiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FACD91E3F1AEFCE2" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Hexanchus griseus</emphasis>
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(Bonnaterre, 1788)
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</taxonomicName>
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, the bluntnose sixgill shark.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FCED9007F282FCE3" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[768,964,799,825]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessonius">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FCED9007F282FCE3" box="[768,964,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus lessonius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been reported since 1826 although it has been listed in regional compendia such as
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FD4A905BF27EFC87" author="Carus, J. V." box="[679,824,834,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref13609" refString="Carus, J. V. (1885) Prodromus Faunae Mediterraneae sive Descriptio Animalium maris Mediterranei incolarum quam comparata silva rerum quatenus innotiut adiectis et nominibus vulgaribus eorumque auctoribus in commodum zoologorum. Vol. I. Coelenterata, Echinodermata, Vermes, Arthropoda. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagshandlung E. Koch, Stuttgart, 525 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11523" type="book" year="1885">Carus (1885)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FC81905BF2BAFC87" author="Brian, A." box="[876,1020,834,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="152 - 211" refId="ref13429" refString="Brian, A. (1935) Caligus parassiti dei pesci del Mediterraneo (Copepodi). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, Genoa, 57, 152 - 211." type="journal article" year="1935">Brian (1935)</bibRefCitation>
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, and in taxonomic compendia such as
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FF7A907FF07EFC5B" author="Wilson, C. B." box="[151,312,870,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="479 - 672" refId="ref17058" refString="Wilson, C. B. (1905) North American parasitic copepods belonging to the family Caligidae. Part 1. The Caliginae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 28, 479 - 672, pls. 5 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59333" type="journal article" year="1905">Wilson (1905)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FE83907FF36BFC5B" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[366,557,871,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref17221" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1963) Parasitic Copepoda & Branchiura of Fishes. Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Sydney, 104 pp." type="book" year="1963">Yamaguti (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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, all of which misspelled the name as
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FC23907FF5E9FC5B" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[974,1199,871,897]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessonianus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FC23907FF5E9FC5B" box="[974,1199,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus lessonianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FB50907FF411FC5B" author="Parker, R. R." box="[1213,1367,871,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="1013 - 1035" refId="ref15878" refString="Parker, R. R. (1969) Validity of the binomen Caligus elongatus for a common parasitic copepod formerly misidentified with Caligus rapax. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 26, 1013 - 1035. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / f 69 - 097" type="journal article" year="1969">Parker (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FF259093F016FC7F" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[200,336,907,933]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessonius">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FF259093F016FC7F" box="[200,336,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">C. lessonius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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did not belong in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FDF19093F335FC7F" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[540,627,907,933]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FDF19093F335FC7F" box="[540,627,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but he did not specify where it should be placed, and this treatment was followed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FEC890B7F366FC13" author="Margolis, L. & Kabata, Z. & Parker, R. R." box="[293,544,942,969]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref15173" refString="Margolis, L., Kabata, Z. & Parker, R. R. (1975) Catalogue and synopsis of Caligus, a genus of Copepoda (Crustacea) parasitic on fishes. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 192, 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="1975">
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Margolis
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FE7C90B7F08CFC13" box="[401,458,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">et al.</emphasis>
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(1975)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. In the absence of any formal transfer out of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FBF790B7F537FC13" authorityName="O. F. Muller" authorityYear="1785" box="[1050,1137,943,969]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FBF790B7F537FC13" box="[1050,1137,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, this species has remained listed by the World of Copepods website (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FD8190CBF2CCFC37" author="Walter, T. C. & Boxshall, G. A." box="[620,906,979,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16994" refString="Walter, T. C. & Boxshall, G. A. (2023) World of Copepods database. Caligidae Burmeister, 1835. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species. Available from: https: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = taxdetails & id = 135513 (accessed 16 June 2023)" type="url" year="2023">Walter & Boxshall, 2023</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBDFFE1FF2A90EFF5BCFB33" blockId="12.[151,1437,727,1473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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The very brief original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FD6290EFF262FBCB" author="Risso, A." box="[655,804,1015,1041]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16245" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionales et particulierement de celles environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Tome 5. Levrault, F. - G., Paris, 135 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984" type="book" year="1826">Risso (1826)</bibRefCitation>
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comprises the following (translated from French): an oblong body with a yellow coloration traversed by a brown stripe; cephalothorax heart-shaped, convex, traversed by two longitudinal sutures and ornamented with 2 golden spots which are touching; the eyes are close together; the antennae are small and 3-segmented; the oral cone is long and pointed; there are 7 pairs of legs, the first are short and armed with a curved hook, the third are thick, and the last are ornamented with 2 claws; the abdomen is composed of 4 segments, the first 2 of which are equipped with foliaceus lamellae, and the last is very long and divided into 2 parts each carrying a canaliculate appendage at the base of which are 2 pieces surrounded by spines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB91261FFBDFFE1FF2A97EBF06FFA1B" blockId="12.[151,1437,727,1473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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This description includes sufficient characters, especially the presence of foliaceous lamellae on two postcephalothoracic body segments, to recognise that this species should be transferred to the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FB0B960FF420FAEB" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1840" box="[1254,1382,1303,1329]" class="Copepoda" family="Pandaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pandaridae</taxonomicName>
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. The brief description given by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FE509623F30AFA8F" author="Risso, A." box="[445,588,1339,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16245" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionales et particulierement de celles environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Tome 5. Levrault, F. - G., Paris, 135 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984" type="book" year="1826">Risso (1826)</bibRefCitation>
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conforms reasonably closely to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FBEE9623F429FA8F" authority="(Otto, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Otto" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1027,1391,1339,1365]" class="Copepoda" family="Pandaridae" genus="Demoleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heptapus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FBEE9623F599FA8F" box="[1027,1247,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Demoleus heptapus</emphasis>
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(Otto, 1821)
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</taxonomicName>
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(cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FF7A9647F06BFAA3" author="Kabata, Z." box="[151,301,1375,1401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref14762" refString="Kabata, Z. (1979) Parasitic Copepoda of British fishes. The Ray Society, London, 468 pp." type="book" year="1979">Kabata, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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) and this species is known principally as an external parasite of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FC109647F00FFA47" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FC109647F53FFAA3" box="[1021,1145,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Hexanchus</emphasis>
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Rafinesque, 1810 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FF72969BF007FA47" author="Cressey, R. F." box="[159,321,1411,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" pagination="1 - 133" refId="ref13682" refString="Cressey, R. F. (1967) Revision of the family Pandaridae (Copepoda: Caligoida). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 121 (3570), 1 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.121 - 3570.1" type="journal article" year="1967">Cressey, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. We consider it likely that
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FD83969BF2FAFA47" authority="Risso, 1826" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[622,956,1411,1437]" class="Copepoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessonius">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FD83969BF275FA47" box="[622,819,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Caligus lessonius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF976F90FFBDFFE1FCD5969BF2FAFA47" author="Risso, A." box="[824,956,1411,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" refId="ref16245" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionales et particulierement de celles environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Tome 5. Levrault, F. - G., Paris, 135 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984" type="book" year="1826">Risso, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0669E2FFBDFFE1FB2C969BF063FA1B" authority="(Otto, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Otto" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Copepoda" family="Pandaridae" genus="Demoleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heptapus">
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<emphasis id="B972CE73FFBDFFE1FB2C969BF4DAFA47" box="[1217,1436,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="557">Demoleus heptapus</emphasis>
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(Otto, 1821)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |