226 lines
34 KiB
XML
226 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="4429DB5886E78C1CC94D098A5978B18E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3709976" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b412f1c4-28b9-4786-9aec-f930c9c00373" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709976" ID-ZooBank="015EC5C3-65C6-4418-BC6D-C36D58C4DCDD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584124481177" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Shelley, Rowland M. & Smith, Jamie M." docDate="2018" docId="03AB87FFFFDDFFBAFF52C101FAEBD5E7" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0660.1-41.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 660" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Euryuridae Pocock 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FF92FF87FFDAFFB2FF92C554FFB1D065" masterDocTitle="Expanded concept and revised taxonomy of the milliped family Xystodesmidae Cook, 1895 (Polydesmida: Leptodesmidea: Xystodesmoidea): incorporations of Euryuridae Pocock, 1909 and Eurymerodesmidae Causey, 1951, taxon revivals / proposals / transferrals, and a distributional update" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698728052994" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="278702B263CF60A4378EB4E0F8604F8D">Expanded concept and revised taxonomy of the milliped family Xystodesmidae Cook, 1895 (Polydesmida: Leptodesmidea: Xystodesmoidea): incorporations of Euryuridae Pocock, 1909 and Eurymerodesmidae Causey, 1951, taxon revivals / proposals / transferrals, and a distributional update</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E7AD6737FBA22951CA6B5CED1981B914">Shelley, Rowland M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="41CD2F2A807800B1EA8594DF80F8B92A">Smith, Jamie M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="72D4A1B772C1D040DBE6389F95C1D791">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="52D7E5F7187281D5AD2493C72DEAB452">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4B1C0B6979EAD81865023FA2E507DA1F">2018-09-28</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="22FAFE0887F065F5C3160037048189C9" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AB87FFFFDDFFBAFF52C101FAEBD5E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716526" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162488086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716526" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87FFFFDDFFBAFF52C101FAEBD5E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87FFFFDDFFBAFF52C101FAEBD5E7" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C3186562FFDDFFB5FF52C101FD65D408" box="[192,724,1109,1133]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36E9FFDDFFB5FF52C101FD65D408" blockId="7.[192,724,1109,1133]" box="[192,724,1109,1133]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0F58185FFDDFFB5FF52C101FD65D408" bold="true" box="[192,724,1109,1133]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FF52C101FD65D408" bold="true" box="[192,724,1109,1133]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FF52C101FED1D408" ID-CoL="7NHKV" authority="Pocock, 1909" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1909" box="[192,352,1109,1133]" class="Diplopoda" family="Euryuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Euryuridae</taxonomicName>
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, Melaphini, and Devilleini.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3186562FFDDFFBAFF7AC1D2FAEBD5E7" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36E9FFDDFFB5FF7AC1D2FDFFD601" blockId="7.[192,1440,1158,1928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
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The family-group taxon based on
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD1BC1D2FD4CD4F8" box="[649,765,1158,1181]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FD1BC1D2FD4CD4F8" box="[649,765,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Euryurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been repeatedly reconceptualized, and its tangled history is summarized by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FE65C1F2FD1ED4DB" author="Hoffman" box="[503,687,1190,1214]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="49 - 58" refId="ref26649" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1954. Further studies on American millipeds of the family Euryuridae (Polydesmida). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 44 (2): 49 - 58." type="journal article" year="1954">Hoffman (1954</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FD2BC1F2FCB2D4DB" author="Hoffman" box="[697,771,1190,1214]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="125 - 141" refId="ref27554" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1998 a. Reassessment of the Platyrhacidae, a family of polydesmidan millipeds. Myriapodologica 5 (13): 125 - 141." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="a">1998a</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FCD7C1F3FBA9D4DB" author="Jorgensen" box="[837,1048,1190,1215]" firstAuthor="Jorgensen" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref27843" refString="Jorgensen, M. C. 2009. A new species of Euryurus from southern Alabama and remarks on the status of Illiniurus beattyi Shear (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Euryuridae). The Great Lakes Entomologist 42 (1 & 2): 80 - 90." type="journal article" year="2009">Jorgensen (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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. Most recently,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FB47C1F2FA2AD4DB" author="Hoffman" box="[1237,1435,1190,1214]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="125 - 141" refId="ref27554" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1998 a. Reassessment of the Platyrhacidae, a family of polydesmidan millipeds. Myriapodologica 5 (13): 125 - 141." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="a">Hoffman (1998a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FF52C193FF4DD4BA" author="Hoffman" box="[192,252,1223,1247]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref27613" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1999. Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number 8: 1 - 584." type="book chapter" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
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) considered it a full family with close affinity to the Mediterranean xystodesmid tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FAB0C193FA11D4BA" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1916" box="[1314,1440,1223,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Melaphini">Melaphini</taxonomicName>
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because of somatic and gonopodal similarities between
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FCC0C1BCFC77D49A" box="[850,966,1256,1279]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FCC0C1BCFC77D49A" box="[850,966,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Euryurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FC6CC1B3FBD7D49A" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[1022,1126,1255,1279]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FC6CC1B3FBD7D49A" box="[1022,1126,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Obviously,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FB6BC1BCFADCD49A" box="[1273,1389,1256,1279]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FB6BC1BCFADCD49A" box="[1273,1389,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Euryurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FF52C053FE99D57A" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[192,296,1287,1311]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FF52C053FE99D57A" box="[192,296,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and hence
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FE2BC05CFDF7D545" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1909" box="[441,582,1288,1312]" class="Diplopoda" family="Euryuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Euryuridae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD13C05CFCA4D545" authorityName="Brölemann" authorityYear="1916" box="[641,789,1288,1312]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Melaphinae">Melaphinae</taxonomicName>
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, are related. Their paranota possess marginal anteriolateral teeth, and their gonopodal acropodites curve/bend around midlengths and possess complete “prefemoral elongations” that extend for equivalent distances with similar pilosities along their “inner” surfaces (
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<figureCitation id="13392A6CFFDDFFB5FEA3C03DFE24D5E4" box="[305,405,1385,1409]" captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="8.[192,287,1011,1033]" captionTargetBox="[234,1348,213,965]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[230,1401,213,977]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 2–7. Euryurini gonopodal telopodites; 2–4 and 7, Euryurina, 5–6, Melaphina. 2) Euryurus carolinensis (Saussure), Orange Co., NC. 3) E. l. leachi (Gray), Hamilton Co., OH. 4) E. maculatus Koch, Wilkinson Co., GA. 5) Melaphe corrupta Attems, locality unknown. 6) M. vestita (Koch), locality unknown. 7) E. mississippiensis (Causey), Jackson Co., MS. Figures 2–4 reprinted from Hoffman (1978b) with permission from the American Entomological Society. Figure 5 reprinted from Hoffman (1962a) with permission from the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich. Figure 6 reprinted from Hoffman (1998a) with permission from the Virginia Museum of Natural History. Figure 7 adapted from Causey (1955a) with permission from the Biological Society of Washington." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709980/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2–7</figureCitation>
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). Indeed, the gonopodal configurations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FCECC03DFBDBD5E4" authority="Attems" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1944" box="[894,1130,1385,1409]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corrupta">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FCECC03DFBBAD5E5" box="[894,1035,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">M. corrupta</emphasis>
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Attems
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FBE6C03DFAD8D5E4" authority="(Koch)" baseAuthorityName="Koch" box="[1140,1385,1385,1409]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FBE6C03DFAA0D5E4" box="[1140,1297,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">E. maculatus</emphasis>
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(Koch)
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FF52C0DEFF40D5C4" box="[192,241,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">E. l.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FF65C0DDFE2CD5C7" authority="(Gray)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[247,413,1417,1442]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leachii">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FF65C0DDFEF9D5C4" box="[247,328,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">leachii</emphasis>
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(Gray)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13392A6CFFDDFFB5FE3FC0DEFDBED5C4" box="[429,527,1417,1442]" captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="8.[192,287,1011,1033]" captionTargetBox="[234,1348,213,965]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[230,1401,213,977]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 2–7. Euryurini gonopodal telopodites; 2–4 and 7, Euryurina, 5–6, Melaphina. 2) Euryurus carolinensis (Saussure), Orange Co., NC. 3) E. l. leachi (Gray), Hamilton Co., OH. 4) E. maculatus Koch, Wilkinson Co., GA. 5) Melaphe corrupta Attems, locality unknown. 6) M. vestita (Koch), locality unknown. 7) E. mississippiensis (Causey), Jackson Co., MS. Figures 2–4 reprinted from Hoffman (1978b) with permission from the American Entomological Society. Figure 5 reprinted from Hoffman (1962a) with permission from the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich. Figure 6 reprinted from Hoffman (1998a) with permission from the Virginia Museum of Natural History. Figure 7 adapted from Causey (1955a) with permission from the Biological Society of Washington." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709980/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2–5</figureCitation>
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) are closely similar as are those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FC26C0DEFB31D5C7" authority="(Koch)" baseAuthorityName="Koch" box="[948,1152,1418,1442]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vestita">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FC26C0DEFB9BD5C4" box="[948,1066,1418,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">M. vestita</emphasis>
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(Koch)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FB29C0DEFE9AD5A7" authority="(Causey)" baseAuthorityName="Causey" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mississippiensis">
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<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FB29C0DEFA11D5C4" box="[1211,1440,1418,1441]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">E. mississippiensis</emphasis>
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(Causey)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13392A6CFFDDFFB5FEA8C0FEFE2ED5A7" box="[314,415,1450,1474]" captionStart="Figures 2–7" captionStartId="8.[192,287,1011,1033]" captionTargetBox="[234,1348,213,965]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[230,1401,213,977]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 2–7. Euryurini gonopodal telopodites; 2–4 and 7, Euryurina, 5–6, Melaphina. 2) Euryurus carolinensis (Saussure), Orange Co., NC. 3) E. l. leachi (Gray), Hamilton Co., OH. 4) E. maculatus Koch, Wilkinson Co., GA. 5) Melaphe corrupta Attems, locality unknown. 6) M. vestita (Koch), locality unknown. 7) E. mississippiensis (Causey), Jackson Co., MS. Figures 2–4 reprinted from Hoffman (1978b) with permission from the American Entomological Society. Figure 5 reprinted from Hoffman (1962a) with permission from the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Munich. Figure 6 reprinted from Hoffman (1998a) with permission from the Virginia Museum of Natural History. Figure 7 adapted from Causey (1955a) with permission from the Biological Society of Washington." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709980/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 6–7</figureCitation>
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). Thus, since
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FDD2C0FEFD7CD5A7" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1909" box="[576,717,1450,1474]" class="Diplopoda" family="Euryuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Euryuridae</taxonomicName>
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is closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FC2CC0FEFB8ED5A7" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1916" box="[958,1087,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Melaphini">Melaphini</taxonomicName>
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, a xystodesmid component, it must also be such or together they comprise a separate family. The evolutionary hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FAD7C09EFE71D666" author="Shelley and Golovatch" firstAuthor="Shelley" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref31523" refString="Shelley, R. M., and S. I. Golovatch. 2011. Atlas of myriapod biogeography. I. Indigenous ordinal and supra-ordinal distributions in the Diplopoda: perspectives on taxon origins and ages, and a hypothesis on the origin and early evolution of the class. Insecta Mundi 0158: 1 - 134." type="book chapter" year="2011">Shelley and Golovatch (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides a basis for interpreting how confamilial statuses developed and a reasonable explanation for the evolution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD12C358FD45D646" box="[640,756,1548,1571]" class="Diplopoda" family="Aphelidesmidae" genus="Euryurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FD12C358FD45D646" box="[640,756,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Euryurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FC90C35FFCDBD646" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[770,874,1547,1571]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FC90C35FFCDBD646" box="[770,874,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and traditional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FBABC35FFB42D646" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1895" box="[1081,1267,1547,1571]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Xystodesminae">Xystodesminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from common ancestral stock (see Evolution section). Confirmation or disproval with molecular data is desirable, but this is beyond our present scope.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36E9FFDDFFBAFF7AC339FAEBD5E7" blockId="7.[192,1440,1158,1928]" lastBlockId="8.[192,1440,1255,1410]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Relevant illustrations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD84C338FDCFD6E1" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[534,638,1644,1668]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FD84C338FDCFD6E1" box="[534,638,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. showing long hairs extending distad along the inner surfaces of the prefemoral elongations and acropodites are available in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FC35C3D9FBDCD6C0" author="Hoffman" box="[935,1133,1677,1701]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref26849" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1962 a. Taxonomic studies on the Melaphinae, a group of palearctic polydesmoid diplopoda. Opuscula Zoologica 59: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1962" yearSuffix="a">Hoffman (1962a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FBE5C3D9FB71D6C0" author="Hoffman" box="[1143,1216,1677,1701]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="125 - 141" refId="ref27554" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1998 a. Reassessment of the Platyrhacidae, a family of polydesmidan millipeds. Myriapodologica 5 (13): 125 - 141." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="a">1998a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FA90C3D9FE17D6A3" author="Hoffman and Lohmander" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="61 - 121" refId="ref27673" refString="Hoffman, R. L., and H. Lohmander. 1968. The Diplopoda of Turkey. Part III. Order Polydesmida. Mitteilungen aus den Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 65: 61 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Hoffman and Lohmander (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Published illustrations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD7CC3F9FCE3D6A0" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1902" box="[750,850,1709,1733]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Devillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FD7CC3F9FCE3D6A0" box="[750,850,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Devillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. gonopods (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FB81C3FAFB53D6A3" author="Brolemann" box="[1043,1250,1710,1734]" firstAuthor="Brolemann" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="448 - 460" refId="ref24740" refString="Brolemann, H. W. 1902. Myriapodes cavernicoles. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 71: 448 - 460." type="journal article" year="1902">Brölemann 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FB7CC3FAFA9DD6A3" author="Brolemann" box="[1262,1324,1710,1734]" firstAuthor="Brolemann" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="523 - 608" refId="ref24764" refString="Brolemann, H. W. 1916. Essai de classification des polydesmiens (myriapodes). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 84: 523 - 608." type="journal article" year="1916">1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FAA5C3FAFF4FD683" author="Verhoeff" firstAuthor="Verhoeff" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="397 - 452" refId="ref32971" refString="Verhoeff, K. W. 1931. Chilognathen aus den Bergamasker Alpen und Nachbargebieten; auch uber zwei neue Gattungen der Polydesmoidea aus Spanien und Japan. Zoologischen Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik 61: 397 - 452." type="journal article" year="1931">Verhoeff 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FE9EC39AFE1DD683" author="Attems" box="[268,428,1742,1766]" firstAuthor="Attems" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 487" refId="ref24613" refString="Attems, C. 1938. Polydesmoidea II. Fams. Leptodesmidae, Platyrhacidae, Oxydesmidae, Gomphodesmidae. Das Tierreich 69: 1 - 487." type="journal article" year="1938">Attems 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FE2BC39AFE46D683" author="Attems" box="[441,503,1742,1766]" firstAuthor="Attems" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 576" refId="ref24640" refString="Attems, C. 1940. Polydesmoidea III. Fams. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffenidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Peridontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 576." type="journal article" year="1940">1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FD97C39AFD00D683" author="Strasser" box="[517,689,1742,1766]" firstAuthor="Strasser" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="95 - 140" refId="ref32462" refString="Strasser, K. 1960. Diplopoden aus Alpen-, Apenninen- und Balkanlandern. Fragmenta Entomologica 3 (6): 95 - 140." type="journal article" year="1960">Strasser 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FC29C39AFB92D683" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[955,1059,1742,1766]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FC29C39AFB92D683" box="[955,1059,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FBF1C39AFB42D683" authorityName="Hoffman" authorityYear="1962" box="[1123,1267,1742,1766]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Ochridaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FBF1C39AFB42D683" box="[1123,1267,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Ochridaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in possessing looped acropodites, “prefemoral processes,” and acropodital hairs on the “outer” surfaces.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FB76C3BBFA11D762" author="Hoffman" box="[1252,1440,1775,1799]" firstAuthor="Hoffman" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" refId="ref27457" refString="Hoffman, R. L. 1980 (1979). Classification of the Diplopoda. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle; Geneve, Switzerland. 237 p." type="book" year="1980">Hoffman (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
accepted
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FEA3C25BFE24D742" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1902" box="[305,405,1807,1831]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Devillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FEA3C25BFE24D742" box="[305,405,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Devillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the monotypic tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FD26C25BFC4FD742" authority="(Xystodesminae)" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="Xystodesminae" box="[692,1022,1807,1831]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Devilleini">Devilleini (Xystodesminae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFDDFFB5FBA9C25BFAAFD742" author="Marek" box="[1083,1310,1807,1831]" etAl="et al" firstAuthor="Marek" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 117" refId="ref28329" refString="Marek, P. E., T. Tanabe, and P. Sierwald. 2014. A species catalog of the millipede family Xystodesmidae (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 7: 1 - 117." type="journal article" year="2014">Marek et al (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reiterated this assignment.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FE01C27BFE4AD722" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[403,507,1839,1863]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FE01C27BFE4AD722" box="[403,507,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Melaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFDDFFB5FDABC27BFD78D722" authorityName="Hoffman" authorityYear="1962" box="[569,713,1839,1863]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Ochridaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFDDFFB5FDABC27BFD78D722" box="[569,713,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Ochridaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are properly contribal, as they share gently curved acropodites, “prefemoral extensions,” “distal zones,” and moderately long hairs along the “inner” surfaces of the extensions and acropodites to near the “distal bends.” This positional marker is sharp and subapical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFD2FFBAFF52C1B3FE95D49A" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1902" box="[192,292,1255,1279]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Devillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFD2FFBAFF52C1B3FE95D49A" box="[192,292,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Devillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the distal zone is bifurcate, and short, scattered hairs extend about halfway along the “outer” acropodital surfaces (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFD2FFBAFE51C05CFD21D545" author="Brolemann" box="[451,656,1288,1312]" firstAuthor="Brolemann" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="448 - 460" refId="ref24740" refString="Brolemann, H. W. 1902. Myriapodes cavernicoles. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 71: 448 - 460." type="journal article" year="1902">Brölemann 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFD2FFBAFD09C05DFC89D545" author="Attems" box="[667,824,1288,1313]" firstAuthor="Attems" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 487" refId="ref24613" refString="Attems, C. 1938. Polydesmoidea II. Fams. Leptodesmidae, Platyrhacidae, Oxydesmidae, Gomphodesmidae. Das Tierreich 69: 1 - 487." type="journal article" year="1938">Attems 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFD2FFBAFCD0C05CFC5FD545" author="Strasser" box="[834,1006,1288,1312]" firstAuthor="Strasser" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="95 - 140" refId="ref32462" refString="Strasser, K. 1960. Diplopoden aus Alpen-, Apenninen- und Balkanlandern. Fragmenta Entomologica 3 (6): 95 - 140." type="journal article" year="1960">Strasser 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFD2FFBAFC6AC05CFBF7D545" author="Strasser" box="[1016,1094,1288,1312]" firstAuthor="Strasser" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="231 - 293" refId="ref32487" refString="Strasser, C. 1974 a. I. Diplopodi Chilognati della Sardegna. Fragmenta Entomologica 10 (3): 231 - 293." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFD2FFBAFB08C05CFB4FD545" authorityName="Brolemann" authorityYear="1902" box="[1178,1278,1288,1312]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Devillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFD2FFBAFB08C05CFB4FD545" box="[1178,1278,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Devillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D6AFFD2FFBAFAAAC05CFA11D545" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[1336,1440,1288,1312]" class="Diplopoda" family="Xystodesmidae" genus="Melaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAFBFFD2FFBAFAAAC05CFA11D545" box="[1336,1440,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Melaphe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have highly disparate distributions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A6CFFD2FFBAFDEBC07DFD7FD524" box="[633,718,1321,1345]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="17.[192,275,668,690]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,634]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[192,1440,213,634]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 17. Global distribution of Xystodesmidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709986/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A6CFFD2FFBAFD4BC07DFD46D524" box="[729,759,1321,1345]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="26.[192,275,607,629]" captionTargetBox="[255,1376,213,573]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[255,1376,213,573]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution of the polydesmidan suborder Leptodesmidea in the Mediterranean Region of Europe, Africa, and Middle Eastern Asia. Black lines and dots, West-Palearctic Region of Xystodesmidae. Red line, area of Spain/Iberian Peninsula occupied by Macellolophus excavatus (Chelodesmidae). Red stars, localities in the same of Cantabrodesmus lorioli (Chelodesmidae). Green triangles, denoted by green arrow in eastern Mediterranean Sea, localities of Libanaphe spp. (Oxydesmidae) in Lebanon and Israel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709994" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709994/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">21</figureCitation>
|
||
) that seem somewhat relictual, and both logically derive from xystodesmoidean radiations onto Baltica after it merged with the Avalonia terrane in the early Silurian Paleogeological Period, some 450 million years ago (mya) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B18FFD2FFBAFC66C03EFAFCD5E7" author="Shelley and Golovatch" box="[1012,1357,1386,1410]" firstAuthor="Shelley" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref31523" refString="Shelley, R. M., and S. I. Golovatch. 2011. Atlas of myriapod biogeography. I. Indigenous ordinal and supra-ordinal distributions in the Diplopoda: perspectives on taxon origins and ages, and a hypothesis on the origin and early evolution of the class. Insecta Mundi 0158: 1 - 134." type="book chapter" year="2011">Shelley and Golovatch 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |