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<document id="42B865FE2F8F6491D06E2384768847DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="298463" ID-DOI="10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6028cf6b-e944-40d1-b774-7caa1c970409" ID-ISSN="2513-9894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11642130" ID-ZooBank="805136AB-F3FE-4C77-85AC-E37423156B6D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1718072374117" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bishop, K. David" docDate="2023" docId="03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C" docLanguage="en" docName="BullBritOrnitholClub.143.1.3-62.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 143 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223.1:BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="EFA7F293C51FD4806C5290561C16F223" docStyleName="BullBritOrnitholClub.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Aplonis magna" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FF92FFF2FFD2E139A31FFFF7FFCAFF80" masterDocTitle="The avifauna of Biak Island, Papua, Indonesia with comments on status, conservation, natural history and taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="3" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1718322499255" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="76444011F6F7B80B33B4F36FE39FBB49">The avifauna of Biak Island, Papua, Indonesia with comments on status, conservation, natural history and taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B4BD5CAE331C197FF28C320A04B84771">Bishop, K. David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="ADA67925BBCFFDCE595A89A7EFFD2F18">Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B148DC8591057EE91F81E53C172FDE35">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2107954D3E8C90EE79957A69B9192331">2023-03-06</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="53C6FEB0800B07F8D5EA458022A6BED2" type="DOI">10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11646213" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232753142" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11646213" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="C3186517FFE0E10BA38FFA6CFD7FFA33" box="[144,693,1435,1459]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE0E10BA38FFA6CFD7FFA33" blockId="50.[144,1165,1435,1692]" box="[144,693,1435,1459]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D0F581F0FFE0E10BA38FFA6CFD7FFA33" box="[144,693,1435,1459]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA38FFA6CFE1CFA33" bold="true" box="[144,470,1435,1459]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">LONG-TAILED STARLING</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFE0E10BA2C2FA6CFDB3FA33" ID-CoL="67NRJ" authority="(Schlegel, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[477,633,1435,1459]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Aplonis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA2C2FA6CFDB3FA33" box="[477,633,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">Aplonis magna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
# RR
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3186517FFE0E10AA38FFA49FD64FD9C" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE0E10BA38FFA49FCF5FA56" blockId="50.[144,1165,1435,1692]" box="[144,831,1470,1494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA38FFA49FED5FA56" bold="true" box="[144,287,1470,1494]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">Local names</emphasis>
Man Pudwar (Sansundi), Manpisasio (Kuneff?).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE0E10BA38FFA16FCABFA79" blockId="50.[144,1165,1435,1692]" box="[144,865,1505,1529]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA38FFA16FF13FA79" bold="true" box="[144,217,1505,1529]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">Range</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA3FFFA16FED0FA78" box="[224,282,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">A. m.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFE0E10BA23FFA16FDF7FA79" authority="Biak, Supiori, Owi" authorityName="Biak, Supiori, Owi" box="[288,573,1505,1529]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Aplonis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magna">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA23FFA16FEAFFA78" box="[288,357,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">magna</emphasis>
Biak, Supiori, Owi
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA157FA16FD32FA79" box="[584,760,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">A. m. brevicauda</emphasis>
Numfor.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE0E10AA38FF9F4FBA0FED9" blockId="50.[144,1165,1435,1692]" lastBlockId="51.[143,1164,129,540]" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA38FF9F4FF12F99B" bold="true" box="[144,216,1539,1563]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">Status</emphasis>
Biak endemic subspecies; Teluk Cenderawasih endemic species. Obtained by all early collectors and recorded by nearly all visitors. One of the most common and widespread species. Its loud tuneful calls are a characteristic sound of forest and edge. In
<date id="FFBC105CFFE0E10BA73DF9B4FB46F9DB" box="[1058,1164,1603,1627]" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" value="1982-07">July 1982</date>
recorded virtually continuously from sea level to
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE0E10BA1CBF993FD14F9FB" box="[724,734,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="52">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE0E10BA1FEF994FCE1F9FB" box="[737,811,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
on Supiori and commonly on Biak (KDB). Ripley recorded it to
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE0E10BA10AF974FD93F91B" box="[533,601,1667,1691]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</quantity>
on Supiori (
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B6DFFE0E10BA1F5F974FB48F91B" author="Mayr &amp; Meyer de Schauensee" box="[746,1154,1667,1692]" firstAuthor="Mayr" pageId="50" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref32895" refString="Mayr, E. &amp; Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1939. Zoological results of the Denison-Crockett Expedition to the South Pacific for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1937 - 1938. Part I. The birds of the island of Biak. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 91: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1939">Mayr &amp; Meyer de Schauensee 1939</bibRefCitation>
). Apparently adapts to extensive degradation of forest habitat; during the 1980s and 1990s it was occasionally seen on lawns of village houses, as well as in native gardens, thickets, scrub, second growth and dense undisturbed rainforest. Unlike
<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFE1E10AA079FF36FC28FF59" authorityName="Yapen, Mios Num. Beehler &amp; Pratt" authorityYear="2016" box="[870,994,193,217]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Aplonis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="metallica">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA079FF36FC28FF59" box="[870,994,193,217]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">A. metallica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it rarely forms flocks, remaining largely in pairs. Occasionally seen in multiples of two totalling no more than eight feeding at fruiting trees. Above KDBs 1982 Supiori camp at
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA0A9FEF5FC0AFE99" box="[950,960,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE1E10AA0DCFEF6FBC0FE98" box="[963,1034,257,281]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
the species was very active at fruiting trees, darting in to take fruit as soon as fruit doves departed.
<date id="FFBC105CFFE1E10AA76CFED6FEEEFED9" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" value="1994-01-13">13 January 1994</date>
: six on Owi (P. Gregory
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA126FEB5FDB8FED9" box="[569,626,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">in litt</emphasis>
. 2000), where also recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B6DFFE1E10AA0C8FEB6FBACFED9" author="Gibbs" box="[983,1126,321,345]" firstAuthor="Gibbs" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" refId="ref31862" refString="Gibbs, D. 1993. Irian Jaya 1991. Unpubl. report." type="book" year="1993">Gibbs (1993)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD369CFFE1E10AA38FFE94FD64FD9C" blockId="51.[143,1164,129,540]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA38FFE94FF33FEFB" bold="true" box="[144,249,355,379]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">Breeding</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6A3CC1FFE1E10AA3E0FE94FD60FD9C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876617303" collectingDate="1982-07-05" collectionCode="KDB" county="Biak" elevation="12" location="Biak town" municipality="Several" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2">
<date id="FFBC105CFFE1E10AA3E0FE94FEB6FEFC" box="[255,380,355,380]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" value="1982-07-05">
<collectingDate id="EFF8E9B4FFE1E10AA3E0FE94FEB6FEFC" box="[255,380,355,380]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" value="1982-07-05">5 July 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
: an active nest attended by
<specimenCount id="9D04FD15FFE1E10AA1B0FE93FCEDFEFB" box="[687,807,355,379]" count="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" type="adult">two adults</specimenCount>
in an isolated tree in low scrub,
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE1E10AA390FE73FF0DFE1B" box="[143,199,387,412]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
from
<location id="8EDD6047FFE1E10AA212FE74FEB5FE1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C:8EDD6047FFE1E10AA212FE74FEB5FE1B" box="[269,383,387,411]" county="Biak" municipality="Several" name="Biak town" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">Biak town</location>
beside a road.
<location id="8EDD6047FFE1E10AA134FE74FD9FFE1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C:8EDD6047FFE1E10AA134FE74FD9FFE1B" box="[555,597,387,411]" county="Biak" municipality="Several" name="The" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">The</location>
nest was
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA1DBFE73FD04FE1B" box="[708,718,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE1E10AA1CDFE73FCC1FE1B" box="[722,779,388,412]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="12.0">
<elevation id="002FD1AFFFE1E10AA1CDFE73FCC1FE1B" box="[722,779,388,412]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
up and was a large barrel-shaped construction
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA23CFE53FEE7FE3B" box="[291,301,420,443]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">c</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE1E10AA22EFE54FEBDFE3B" box="[305,375,419,443]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="cm" value="25.0">25 cm</quantity>
high and
<quantity id="4CFA9B79FFE1E10AA2F3FE54FDE5FE3B" box="[492,559,419,443]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
across, of moderately thin twigs.
<location id="8EDD6047FFE1E10AA0AEFE54FC11FE3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB878AFFE0E10AA38FFA6CFD64FD9C:8EDD6047FFE1E10AA0AEFE54FC11FE3B" box="[945,987,419,443]" county="Biak" municipality="Several" name="The" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">The</location>
entrance was a hole in the side facing out along the branch.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD9ACE6FFE1E10AA18CFE34FD2EFE5B" box="[659,740,451,475]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">Several</collectingMunicipality>
other apparently inactive nests were noted in similar habitat and in second growth on
<collectingCounty id="62DC4E10FFE1E10AA1DBFE14FD3CFE7B" box="[708,758,483,507]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">Biak</collectingCounty>
and Supiori. One nest was in a tall, dead, emergent mangrove
<taxonomicName id="4C024D1FFFE1E10AA2A1FDF4FD90FD9B" box="[446,602,515,539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="51" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B976EA8EFFE1E10AA2A1FDF4FDF9FD9B" box="[446,563,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">Rhizophora</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED13AE59FFE1E10AA176FDF3FD69FD9C" box="[617,675,516,540]" pageId="51" pageNumber="53">KDB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>