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<document id="6BE993FDFB51406AAE6DD6059D714A7E" ID-DOI="10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.15" ID-ISSN="1807-0205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5234933" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629527332625" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vasconcelos, Marcelo Ferreira de" docDate="2018" docId="0393E61CFFAF3C00FCC8F972D8D64867" docLanguage="en" docName="PapAvZool.58.e20185815.pdf" docOrigin="Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.15" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F.4:PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F" docStyleName="PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Knipolegus franciscanus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFAA9E64FFA83C08FFD2FFC8DA014C34" masterDocTitle="First avifaunal survey of a Cerrado dry forest enclave on the right bank of the São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with insights on geographic variation of some species" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1699076133011" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="850B7CD6B8527B931258E40FD8DE1F59">First avifaunal survey of a Cerrado dry forest enclave on the right bank of the São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with insights on geographic variation of some species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="35CE8A825D2075C404CC027260598FFC">Vasconcelos, Marcelo Ferreira de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CB7E73E444970BDD8250935518D6F0F2">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0393E61CFFAF3C00FCC8F972D8D64867" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5234951" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5234951" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393E61CFFAF3C00FCC8F972D8D64867" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393E61CFFAF3C00FCC8F972D8D64867" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="C3200481FFAF3C00FCC8F972DBEF4F87" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFAF3C0FFCC8F972DF4B4AE7" blockId="7.[794,1354,1722,1747]" box="[794,1354,1722,1747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D0CDE066FFAF3C0FFCC8F972DF4B4AE7" box="[794,1354,1722,1747]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A2C89FFAF3C0FFCC8F972DF4B4AE7" authority="(Caatinga Black-Tyrant)" box="[794,1354,1722,1747]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Knipolegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="franciscanus">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFCC8F972DF4B4AE7" bold="true" box="[794,1354,1722,1747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFCC8F972DE304AE7" bold="true" box="[794,1073,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Knipolegus franciscanus</emphasis>
(Caatinga Black-Tyrant)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFAF3C00FC92F932DBEF4F87" blockId="7.[794,1418,1786,2131]" lastBlockId="8.[170,795,666,1107]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The Caatinga Black-Tyrant was a frequent species in the study area (IFL = 15.0%). In the same area, Marcos A. Raposo observed
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFBD2F8F2DE104B67" box="[1024,1041,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">c.</emphasis>
50 individuals of this species in a single hour of field sampling in
<date id="FF8471CAFFAF3C0FFBA9F892DF2F4B47" box="[1147,1326,1882,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-11">November 1995</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB2AFBFFAF3C0FFAE8F892D9904BA7" author="Kirwan, G. M." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="207 - 220" refId="ref10111" refString="Kirwan, G. M.; Barnett, J. M.; Vasconcelos, M. F.; Raposo, M. A.; D'Angelo-Neto, S. &amp; Roesler, I. 2004. Further comments on the avifauna of the middle Sao FranciscoValley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 124: 207 - 220." type="journal article" year="2004">
Kirwan
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFCC8F8B2D9534BA7" box="[794,850,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.,</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
),despite we never found it in such abundance (see below). The majority of records of habitat use were obtained in dry forests or their edges (77.1%,
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFAFDF872DF3C4BE7" box="[1327,1341,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 27), despite we also observed it in the vegetation growing on limestone outcrop (20%,
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFB89F832DE684427" box="[1115,1129,2042,2067]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 7) and in gallery forest (2.9%,
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFCB1F7D2D9704407" box="[867,881,2074,2099]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 1). Among all individuals observed during our sampling effort of 31 days (
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFB88F7F2DE694467" box="[1114,1128,2106,2131]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 43), the majority were males (90.7%), while only 9.3% were represented by females. We do not know if females are actually less abundant than males or if they present a more secretive behavior, which, together with their more cryptic plumage pattern, make them less detectable than males. In a proportional rate, we obtained
<specimenCount id="9D3C9C83FFA03C00FE08FCF2D88F4F67" box="[474,654,826,851]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
represented by
<specimenCount id="9D3C9C83FFA03C00FF1CFC92DB594F47" box="[206,344,858,883]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">seven males</specimenCount>
(MCNA 4966, MCNA 5049, MCNA 5055, MCNA 5180, MCNA 5227, MCNA 5230, MCNA 5268) and a single female (MCNA 5191).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF450782FFAF3C0FFF8CF852DB5F4467" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5234947" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5234947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5234947/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[94,153,1946,1971]" targetBox="[94,718,896,1916]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFAF3C0FFF8CF852DB5F4467" blockId="7.[94,718,1946,2131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Figure 7. From left to right: specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A2C89FFAF3C0FFE18F852D8CF4B87" authority="albicollis" box="[458,718,1946,1971]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albicollis" subSpecies="albicollis">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFE18F852D8CF4B87" bold="true" box="[458,718,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Xiphocolaptes albicollis albicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fromTrês Rios,Rio de Janeiro(MCNA2061);intermediate specimens between
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFF8CF812DABF4BC7" bold="true" box="[94,190,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">X. a. bahiae</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFF35F812DB554BC7" bold="true" box="[231,340,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
X. a.
<taxonomicName id="4C3A2C89FFAF3C0FFEDDF812DB554BC7" baseAuthorityName="Pinto" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[271,340,2010,2035]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Xiphocolaptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicollis">albicollis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
from Conceição do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais (MCNA 2903) and Mariana, Minas Gerais (DZUFMG 6536); and specimens of
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFAF3C0FFF8CF7D2DABD4407" bold="true" box="[94,188,2074,2099]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">X.a. bahiae</emphasis>
from Curral de Pedras,Minas Gerais (MCNA 5203,MCNA 5204) in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF450782FFA03C00FF78FF12DB1F4D07" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[170,220,218,243]">
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFA03C00FF78FF12D9184CC7" blockId="8.[170,794,218,307]" box="[170,793,218,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFA03C00FF78FF12D9184CC7" bold="true" box="[170,793,218,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 3. Testicle measurements (in mm) of seven male specimens of</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFA03C00FF78FF32D91B4D27" blockId="8.[170,794,218,307]" box="[170,794,250,275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFA03C00FF78FF32D91B4D27" bold="true" box="[170,794,250,275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A2C89FFA03C00FF78FF32DB684D27" box="[170,361,250,275]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Knipolegus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="franciscanus">
<emphasis id="B94E8B18FFA03C00FF78FF32DB684D27" bold="true" box="[170,361,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Knipolegus franciscanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected at Curral de Pedras between May 2016 and
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFA03C00FF78FED2DB1F4D07" blockId="8.[170,794,218,307]" box="[170,286,282,307]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">January 2017.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFA03C00FF0AFE9FD8E74E7D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<table id="F93AA5AAFFA0C3F7FF0AFE9FD8E84E7D" box="[216,745,343,585]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFE9FD8E84D5F" box="[216,745,343,363]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFE9FDB5E4D5F" box="[216,351,343,363]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Specimen number</th>
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFE9FD8524D5F" box="[425,595,343,363]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Testicle measurements</th>
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FE9FD8E84D5F" box="[673,745,343,363]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Month</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFEBED8E84DBE" box="[216,745,374,394]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFEBEDB5E4DBE" box="[216,351,374,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5227</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFEBED8524DBE" box="[425,595,374,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3.5 x 1.4</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FEBED8E84DBE" box="[673,745,374,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">January</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFE5ED8E84D9E" box="[216,745,406,426]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFE5EDB5E4D9E" box="[216,351,406,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 4966</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFE5ED8524D9E" box="[425,595,406,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2.6 x 1.4</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FE5ED8E84D9E" box="[673,745,406,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">May</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFE7ED8E84DFE" box="[216,745,438,458]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFE7EDB5E4DFE" box="[216,351,438,458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5055</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFE7ED8524DFE" box="[425,595,438,458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2.5 x 1.6</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FE7ED8E84DFE" box="[673,745,438,458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">July</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFE1ED8E84DDE" box="[216,745,470,490]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFE1EDB5E4DDE" box="[216,351,470,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5049</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFE1ED8524DDE" box="[425,595,470,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2.1 x 1.2</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FE1ED8E84DDE" box="[673,745,470,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">July</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFE3ED8E84E3E" box="[216,745,502,522]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFE3EDB5E4E3E" box="[216,351,502,522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5180</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFE3ED8524E3E" box="[425,595,502,522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5.6 x 3.2</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FE3ED8E84E3E" box="[673,745,502,522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">September</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFDDED8E84E1E" box="[216,745,534,554]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFDDEDB5E4E1E" box="[216,351,534,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5230</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFDDED8524E1E" box="[425,595,534,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6.6 x 3.6</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FDDED8E84E1E" box="[673,745,534,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">September</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350A5548FFA0C3F7FF0AFDFDD8E84E7D" box="[216,745,565,585]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<th id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FF0AFDFDDB5E4E7D" box="[216,351,565,585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MCNA 5268</th>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FE7BFDFDD8524E7D" box="[425,595,565,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7.4 x 4.6</td>
<td id="76DB3C34FFA0C3F7FD73FDFDD8E84E7D" box="[673,745,565,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">November</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C3200481FFA03C00FF02FC72D8D64867" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B85570AFFA03C00FF02FC72D8D64867" blockId="8.[170,795,666,1107]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Nothing is known about the species’ breeding biology, but based on measurements of testicle size of the seven collected males, breeding appears to occur during the end of dry season and the beginning of the rainy season, between September and November (
<tableCitation id="C6B862B1FFA03C00FDA5FBF2D8CD4867" box="[631,716,1082,1107]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="8.[170,220,218,243]" captionText="Table 3. Testicle measurements (in mm) of seven male specimens of Knipolegus franciscanus collected at Curral de Pedras between May 2016 and January 2017." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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