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<document id="9DEBAF6C8B215442E6B14820CB9AAB35" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13229332" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13229332" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722894192553" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cranston, Peter S." docDate="2003" docId="8F1E4331FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFC82C9F6" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.51.2.179-186.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F.5:RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleId="19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Shangomyia Saether &amp; Wang 1993" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="73273B49FFFAFFD7FFF7FFCAFFF7CC2E" masterDocTitle="The Oriental Genus Shangomyia Saether &amp; Wang (Chironomidae: Diptera): Immature Stages, Biology, Putative Relationships And The Evolution Of Wood Mining In Chironomid Larvae" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="180" updateTime="1722902646704" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6F56F1BC12555891470ACFABEB8351BA">The Oriental Genus Shangomyia Saether &amp; Wang (Chironomidae: Diptera): Immature Stages, Biology, Putative Relationships And The Evolution Of Wood Mining In Chironomid Larvae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A74D21DE1B1A926D1903FC66B96C73D">Cranston, Peter S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="8F1E4331FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFC82C9F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13229366" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F1E4331FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFC82C9F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F1E4331FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFC82C9F6" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<subSubSection id="4FADA1ACFFFBFFD6FF11FAABFD8BC956" box="[230,636,1376,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFD8BC956" blockId="1.[230,636,1376,1401]" box="[230,636,1376,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<heading id="5C40454BFFFBFFD6FF11FAABFD8BC956" bold="true" box="[230,636,1376,1401]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="C0B789A4FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFD8BC956" ID-CoL="644Q2" authority="Saether &amp; Wang, 1993" authorityName="Saether &amp; Wang" authorityYear="1993" box="[230,636,1376,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Shangomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35C32E35FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFD8BC956" bold="true" box="[230,636,1376,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="35C32E35FFFBFFD6FF11FAABFE86C957" bold="true" box="[230,369,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Shangomyia</emphasis>
Saether &amp; Wang, 1993
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4FADA1ACFFFBFFD6FF86FA57FE12C9E1" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF86FA57FDFEC99C" blockId="1.[113,521,1437,1487]" box="[113,521,1437,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<taxonomicName id="C0B789A4FFFBFFD6FF86FA57FDF3C99C" ID-CoL="644Q2" authority="Saether &amp; Wang, 1993: 188" authorityName="Saether &amp; Wang" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1993" box="[113,516,1437,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Shangomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35C32E35FFFBFFD6FF86FA57FF1EC99C" box="[113,233,1437,1458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Shangomyia</emphasis>
Saether &amp; Wang, 1993: 188
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF86FA70FE12C9E1" blockId="1.[113,521,1437,1487]" box="[113,485,1466,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
Taxon 1 –
<bibRefCitation id="63268FD6FFFBFFD6FF29FA70FE16C9E1" author="Coffman, W" box="[222,481,1466,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" pagination="155 - 165" refId="ref4437" refString="Coffman, W. P., L. A. Yurasits &amp; C. de la Rosa, 1988. Chironomidae of South India. 1. Generic composition, biogeographical relationships and descriptions of two unusual pupal exuviae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Spixiana, Supplement, 14: 155 - 165." type="journal article" year="1988">Coffman et al., 1988: 159</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4FADA1ACFFFBFFD6FF86FA3EFC82C9F6" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF86FA3EFE08CB25" blockId="1.[113,753,1524,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="35C32E35FFFBFFD6FF86FA3EFF0FCA22" bold="true" box="[113,248,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Diagnosis. –</emphasis>
Larva with dorsal surface of head (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FD9CFA3EFD44CA25" box="[619,691,1524,1547]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
) with S3 on sclerotized anterior margin of frontoclypeal apotome, deeply divided by apparently flexible area from separate anterior sclerites. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FE5EF99EFE0ECA45" box="[425,505,1620,1643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
) 5-segmented, with 3 short apical segments, 3
<superScript id="F0C25F6FFFFBFFD6FE80F9B8FE73CAAE" attach="left" box="[375,388,1650,1664]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">rd</superScript>
subequal to 5
<superScript id="F0C25F6FFFFBFFD6FDEAF9B8FDDECAAE" attach="none" box="[541,553,1650,1664]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">th</superScript>
, both shorter than 4
<superScript id="F0C25F6FFFFBFFD6FF88F958FF7CCA8E" attach="right" box="[127,139,1682,1696]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">th</superScript>
; basal segment with basal Ring organ, strong seta arising from mid-segment; style slightly longer than Lauterborn organs, which are subequal to length of 3rd segment; blade extending far beyond antennal apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF86F8FEFDDDCBC5" blockId="1.[113,752,1844,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
Labrum (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FF24F8FEFEE8CB65" box="[211,287,1844,1867]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
, in semilateral view) narrowed and tapering anteriorly. SI simple, stout, SII and SIII simple, long and thin, SIVa, b quite well developed. No evidence of labral lamellae. Pecten epipharyngis of 3 broad rounded scales, 3 chaetulae laterales, weakly serrate apically. Premandible with one apical tooth and fine, stubble brush.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FF86F7DEFC45CD16" blockId="1.[113,752,2068,2091]" lastBlockId="1.[813,1452,193,312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<collectingRegion id="C5733CC5FFFBFFD6FF86F7DEFF3CC405" box="[113,203,2068,2091]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Mentum</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FF2EF7DEFED4C405" box="[217,291,2068,2091]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
) with prominent extended saggitate median tooth, with four pairs of retracted lateral teeth, with outermost teeth fused basally, separated by notch, ventromental plate (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FCC2FECBFC71CD36" box="[821,902,257,280]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
) small and short, without beard, with bifid seta submentum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FCDAFEABFAFBCDD6" blockId="1.[813,1452,353,504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
Mandible (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FC52FEABFC03CD56" box="[933,1012,353,376]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,171,2065,2086]" captionTargetBox="[141,1481,399,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[127,1495,386,1922]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
) without dorsal tooth, with apical tooth and four inner teeth, decreasing in size from outer to inner, with 4th (innermost) larger, bulging from swollen mola with narrow seta subdentalis curving around its margin; mola bearing 4 strong spines; seta interna absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FCDAFDEBFB81CEF6" blockId="1.[813,1452,545,728]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Abdomen. Body setae short. Procercus strong, darkened, 4- 6 times as long as wide, with 2 strong lateral setae and 6 relatively short apical setae. Anterior parapods apparently scarcely separated, crowned with simple yellow claws. Posterior parapods claws large curved, simple, dark yellow. Anal papillae undeterminable.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FCDAFCCBFBACC856" blockId="1.[813,1452,769,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
Pupa (as in
<bibRefCitation id="63268FD6FFFBFFD6FC5DFCCBFB7ECF36" author="Coffman, W" box="[938,1161,769,792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" pagination="155 - 165" refId="ref4437" refString="Coffman, W. P., L. A. Yurasits &amp; C. de la Rosa, 1988. Chironomidae of South India. 1. Generic composition, biogeographical relationships and descriptions of two unusual pupal exuviae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Spixiana, Supplement, 14: 155 - 165." type="journal article" year="1988">Coffman et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
, ‘Taxon 1’) lacking frontal setae and thoracic horn, leg sheaths all recurved beneath wing sheaths. Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FBFBFC8BFBA9CF76" box="[1036,1118,833,856]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,149,2066,2087]" captionTargetBox="[266,1282,238,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-41@3.[252,1318,225,2020]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Pupa, male hypopygium; A. Tergites, dorsal; B. anterior tergite IV; C. posterior tergite VI. D. Male hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side ventral/ stylised internal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
) with tergites II-V each with anterior transverse band of uniserial spines, medially interrupted on II, complete on III-V (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FB47FC4BFB09CFB6" box="[1200,1278,897,920]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,149,2066,2087]" captionTargetBox="[266,1282,238,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-41@3.[252,1318,225,2020]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Pupa, male hypopygium; A. Tergites, dorsal; B. anterior tergite IV; C. posterior tergite VI. D. Male hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side ventral/ stylised internal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
), lying posterior to area of dense shagreen, TII and III each with uniserial row of hooklets, TIV with medio-posterior patch of strong, anteriorly-directed dark spines, TVI with anteromedian semicircular area of tubercular blunt spines (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FAFAFBCBFAACC836" box="[1293,1371,1025,1048]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,149,2066,2087]" captionTargetBox="[266,1282,238,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-41@3.[252,1318,225,2020]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Pupa, male hypopygium; A. Tergites, dorsal; B. anterior tergite IV; C. posterior tergite VI. D. Male hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side ventral/ stylised internal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
), pedes spurii B on III, posterolateral corner of VIII without comb, with cluster of spinules; anal lobe without fringe, with hairlike dorsal and ventral seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FCDAFB6BFC1BC976" blockId="1.[813,1452,1185,1368]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
Adult (as Saether &amp; Wang, 1993) with 13 flagellomeres, eye with no dorsomedial extension, front tibia with long spur, mid and hind legs with long curved and simple spurs - all spurs denticulate and arising from apical scale; Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="9F8CEEA2FFFBFFD6FCC2FAEBFC70C916" box="[821,903,1313,1336]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,149,2066,2087]" captionTargetBox="[266,1282,238,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-41@3.[252,1318,225,2020]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Shangomyia impectinata Saether &amp; Wang, 1993, Pupa, male hypopygium; A. Tergites, dorsal; B. anterior tergite IV; C. posterior tergite VI. D. Male hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side ventral/ stylised internal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13229336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13229336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
) with flexible gonocoxite/gonostylus, gonostylus with apical tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0708F227FFFBFFD6FCDAFA4BFC82C9F6" blockId="1.[813,1452,1409,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
The larva and pupa can be distinguished from other regional
<taxonomicName id="C0B789A4FFFBFFD6FCDAFA6BFC3BC996" box="[813,972,1441,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
using the keys provided by Cranston (in press).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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