229 lines
17 KiB
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229 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.35756" ID-GBIF-Dataset="148df5ee-a75d-4807-bdc8-0f84ada98b2c" ID-PMC="PMC6669217" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-866-117" ID-Pensoft-UUID="07B42814AF7F5EFE8293BEB49888A8E8" ID-PubMed="31388325" ID-ZooBank="A81C7A3CD2F64D808744402C3F1A6E8B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-866-117" checkinTime="1564043545915" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Casadei-Ferreira, Alexandre, Chaul, Julio C. M. & Feitosa, Rodrigo M." docDate="2019" docId="D2864F819ABF53BABF69F9166F99EF29" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 866: 117-125" docOrigin="ZooKeys 866" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.35756" docTitle="Pheidole anticua Casadei-Ferreira, Chaul & Feitosa, 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="E306F660DE4B6B10FFB4E736FFA7FF8F" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pheidole (Formicidae, Myrmicinae) from Dominican amber with a review of the fossil records for the genus" masterLastPageNumber="125" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="118" updateTime="1668167615555" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Pheidole (Formicidae, Myrmicinae) from Dominican amber with a review of the fossil records for the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Casadei-Ferreira, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chaul, Julio C. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Feitosa, Rodrigo M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>866</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>117</mods:start>
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<mods:end>125</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.35756</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.866.35756</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-866-117</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A81C7A3CD2F64D808744402C3F1A6E8B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">07B42814AF7F5EFE8293BEB49888A8E8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159292909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2864F819ABF53BABF69F9166F99EF29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D2864F819ABF53BABF69F9166F99EF29" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
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†
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<taxonomicName LSID="d2864f81-9abf-53ba-bf69-f9166f99ef29" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole anticua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticua">Pheidole anticua</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="118">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. † Pheidole anticua sp. nov. A Lateral view B dorsal view C full face view and D hypostomal margin. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.35756.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320438" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Illustrations of † Pheidole anticua sp. nov. A Lateral view B full face view C dorsal view and D hypostomal margin. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.866.35756.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320439" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="holotype major worker">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Holotype major worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Dominican Republic, "La Toca" mine (ANTWEB1038178) [DZUP].</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="1" pageNumber="118" type="holotype conditions">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="118">Holotype conditions.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="1" pageNumber="118">
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After treatment, the amber piece is now a 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5 mm, roughly pyramidal structure, glued in a perspex card, and pinned. The specimen pre
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="119" start="start">sents</pageBreakToken>
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discrete to moderate distortions in the antennae, mesosoma (especially in the propodeum), legs, waist and gaster. Additionally, head vertexal margin and gaster present abundant compression wrinkles. The inclusion also presents several bubbles, and a smalls internal fractures on the matrix close to the right lateral margin of head which hamper prefect visualization.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">
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Among the extant
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Pheidole</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. anticua" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">P. anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shares some features with members of the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="flavens" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="flavens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">flavens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, which is characterized by small size, short antennal scape, thick antennal club, compact body, and vestigial or absent mesonotal convexity. Some of the extant and morphologically similar species are
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole arhuaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arhuaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="119">Pheidole arhuaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Forel,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole nitidicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidicollis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="120" start="start">Pheidole</pageBreakToken>
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nitidicollis
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Emery,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole flavens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole flavens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Roger,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole jamaicensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole jamaicensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wheeler, W.M.,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole schmalzi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmalzi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole schmalzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Emery, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole tambopatae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tambopatae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole tambopatae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wilson. However, all these species, except for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. jamaicensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. jamaicensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, present shorter scapes when compared to †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. anticua" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Additionally, unlike
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. flavens" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="flavens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. flavens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. anticua" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a projecting and slightly angulate humerus (like
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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P.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="arhuaca" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="arhuaca">arhuaca</taxonomicName>
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, P.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="nitidicollis" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="nitidicollis">nitidicollis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. jamaicensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">P. jamaicensis</taxonomicName>
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, P.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="schmalzi" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="schmalzi">schmalzi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. tambopatae" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="tambopatae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. tambopatae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Compared with the other five species, †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. anticua" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has different mesosomal sculpture, with a smooth and shiny pronotum but sculptured mesonotum. †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. anticua" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cannot be assigned as the major worker of †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. primigenia" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="primigenia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. primigenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and †
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. tethepa" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="tethepa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">P. tethepa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to the absence of humeral spines and the comparatively small body size (considering the average size proportion between
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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minor and major workers).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="120" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">(holotype): HL 0.75, HW 0.71, SL 0.5, EL 0.11, ML 0.63, PSL 0.12, PTW 0.06, PPW 0.15, CI 95, SI 70.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="120" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Lateral margins of head, in full face view, slightly convex; with abundant hairs extending laterally. Dorsum of mandible with basal area costate and the remaining surface smooth and shiny. Hypostomal margin straight; with median process vestigial and broad, submedian processes conspicuous, narrow and straight, distant from outer processes. Clypeus, in frontal view, with anterior notch; surface uniformly smooth and shiny. Scape length not surpassing the mid-height between the eyes and the fronto-vertexal lobes; with decumbent to erect hairs. Malar area, in full-face view, with some curved costae near antennal fossae, gradually becoming longitudinal near lateral margins of head. Frons, in full-face view, uniformly costate longitudinally. Antennal scrobe, in full-face view, shallow, internally costate longitudinally, not delimited posteriorly by a curved costulae. Vertexal margin deep, with narrow and strongly convex lobe; surface smooth and shiny.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.35756.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320438" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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Figure 1. †
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole anticua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">A</emphasis>
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Lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">B</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">C</emphasis>
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full face view and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">D</emphasis>
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hypostomal margin. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.866.35756.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/320439" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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Figure 2. Illustrations of †
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole anticua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticua">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Pheidole anticua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">A</emphasis>
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Lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">B</emphasis>
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full face view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">C</emphasis>
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dorsal view and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">D</emphasis>
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hypostomal margin. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Humerus, in dorsal-oblique view, projected and slightly angulate; with flexuous hair as long as the adjacent ones. Pronotal profile flat; surface completely smooth and shiny; with abundant long, flexuous and dark hairs. Mesonotum, in lateral view, projected and angulate, abruptly inclined posteriorly; with surface areolate. Katepisternum surface areolate. Propodeum, in lateral view, with long, narrow inclined projections; surface entirely areolate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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Petiolar peduncle, in lateral view, with dorsal margin gradually ascending posteriorly, so that the anterior margin of the node is inconspicuous. Petiolar node, in frontal view, with dorsal margin bilobed; with abundant, long and flexuous hairs, two of which are comparatively longer than the adjacent ones. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, with lateral margins rounded, surface smooth and shiny; with abundant, long and flexuous hairs. First gastral tergum uniformly smooth and shiny; dorsally with flexuous erect to decumbent hairs, less than 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the eye length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="120" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="120">
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From Latin
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="120">anticua</emphasis>
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meaning old.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |