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<document id="97C730A790373620E66D25FB6464144E" ID-CLB-Dataset="46611" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.207881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de6605e3-4050-4e83-9469-2dba4c2c0629" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="207881" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460373102292" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Higashi, Ryouichi &amp; Tsukagoshi, Akira" docDate="2011" docId="03ED87E7FFD6591CFF13835AFCBBF86D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02924p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2924" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paracobanocythere grandis Higashi &amp; Tsukagoshi, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFD4FF9FFFC75909FF848073FFCDFF9D" masterDocTitle="Four new species of the interstitial family Cobanocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698295959578" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1B3D4EC8C8637BBB57CA255BDBCBE434">Four new species of the interstitial family Cobanocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06672AE043D6C7A86C59DBD2CCD6E693">Higashi, Ryouichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="331EBB570C13E009FA720142068E27A2">Tsukagoshi, Akira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F62EE56BA407C48BC7EA9C66D48CAE1A">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03ED87E7FFD6591CFF13835AFCBBF86D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6183269" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119412513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6183269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED87E7FFD6591CFF13835AFCBBF86D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87E7FFD6591CFF13835AFCBBF86D" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD65918FF13835AFEAEFCF9" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF13835AFD85FCDE" blockId="17.[151,584,809,868]" box="[151,584,809,835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D0B3819DFFD65918FF13835AFD85FCDE" bold="true" box="[151,584,809,835]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF13835AFD85FCDE" bold="true" box="[151,584,809,835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD65918FF13835AFE2EFCDE" ID-CoL="4CQMX" box="[151,483,809,835]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF13835AFE2EFCDE" bold="true" box="[151,483,809,835]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD65918FE6F835AFD85FCDE" box="[491,584,809,835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF13833FFEAEFCF9" blockId="17.[151,584,809,868]" box="[151,355,844,868]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD65918FF1B833FFF39FCF9" box="[159,244,844,868]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,676,699]" captionTargetBox="[227,1404,211,620]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,143,672]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Caudal part of female. A, Paracobanocythere watanabei sp. nov., right lateral view (Paratype, SUM-CO- 2001); B, Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov., left lateral view (Paratype, SUM-CO- 2017). Scale bars indicate 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207893/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Figs 15</figureCitation>
B, 1619)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD65918FF1383E6FE1CFB19" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF1383E6FD51FB85" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF1383E6FEEFFC30" bold="true" box="[151,290,916,941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FF1383E6FF1DFC30" box="[151,208,917,941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
series.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FEA883E7FE54FC31" box="[300,409,916,940]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: adult male (SUM-CO-2004), right valve length 484 µm, height 157 µm, left valve length 497 µm, height 166 µm, appendages mounted on slide and valves preserved in a cardboard cell slide,
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FA8283CAFABAFC4C" box="[1286,1399,953,977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D42FD78FFD65918FA0583CBFF02FC69" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="adult">11 adult</specimenCount>
males (SUM-CO-
<date id="FFFA1031FFD65918FE2283AFFDE9FC69" box="[422,548,988,1012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" value="2005" valueMax="2015">20052015</date>
) and
<specimenCount id="9D42FD78FFD65918FDED83AEFD77FC69" box="[617,698,988,1012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
females (SUM-CO-
<date id="FFFA1031FFD65918FC2283AFFBE4FC69" box="[934,1065,988,1012]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" value="2016" valueMax="2022">20162022</date>
). All illustrated specimens were collected at the
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FEC38472FEBAFB84" box="[327,375,1025,1049]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
locality on
<date id="FFFA1031FFD65918FE788473FD55FB85" box="[508,664,1024,1048]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" value="2006-07-29">July 29, 2006</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF418456FE1CFB19" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF418456FEAAFBA0" bold="true" box="[197,359,1060,1085]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FF418456FF33FBA0" box="[197,254,1061,1085]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Mochimune, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Pacific coast of central
<collectingCountry id="F3537661FFD65918FB598456FAD0FBA1" box="[1245,1309,1061,1084]" name="Japan" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD65918FAB58457FABBFBA1" box="[1329,1398,1060,1084]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1789,1812]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,1137,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,1102,1782]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Study area. A, map of Japan; B, sampling sites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207882/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B),
<geoCoordinate id="EE705036FFD65918FF13843BFED3FBFD" box="[151,286,1096,1120]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" precision="15" value="34.917778">34°55'04&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE705036FFD65918FEAC843BFE76FBFD" box="[296,443,1096,1120]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" precision="15" value="138.36195">138°21'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
. Marine littoral beach; sediment composed of clastic coarse sand and granules. Sampling depth approximately
<quantity id="4CBC9B14FFD65918FE01841FFE03FB19" box="[389,462,1132,1156]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD65918FF4184E2FB4FFB35" box="[197,1154,1168,1193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF4184E2FB4FFB35" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" box="[197,1154,1168,1193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF4184E2FE81FB34" bold="true" box="[197,332,1169,1193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD65918FE4384E3FDD0FB35" box="[455,541,1168,1192]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FE4384E3FDD0FB35" box="[455,541,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(large) refers to the large carapace size of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD65918FF4184C7FAA9FA39" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF4184C7FAA9FA39" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF4184C7FEF2FB50" bold="true" box="[197,319,1204,1229]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Male larger than female. Carapace rounded triangular in anterior view, and upside-down heart shaped in posterior view. Anterior margin rounded and antero-ventral margin concaved in lateral view. Posterior margin rounded forming a pointed distal tip with ventral margin. Sixty-four pore systems per valve. Six and three marginal pore along anterior and posterior margins, respectively. Two vein-like structures running forward on inner surface of anterior marginal infold. Rib developed behind adductor muscle scars. Male copulatory organ remarkably asymmetric between both hemipenes: right one consisting of round-tipped and fused distal lobe and tip of capsule; left one consisting of sharply round-tipped and curved distal lobe, and claw-like extended tip of capsule.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD6591CFF4185C3FCCEF8A6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="17" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF4185C3FEEEF959" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF4185C3FE9AFA54" bold="true" box="[197,343,1456,1481]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FED985C2FE06FA55" box="[349,459,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Carapace</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD65918FE5E85C3FDE3FA55" box="[474,558,1456,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1782,1805]" captionTargetBox="[270,1326,193,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[270,1327,193,1747]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Carapaces of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A K, male specimens: A and B, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2005); C and D, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2006); E, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2007); F, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2008); G, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2009); H, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2010); I K, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2011). A, left external lateral view; B, right external lateral view; C, internal view of left valve; D, internal view of right valve; E, dorsal view; F, ventral view; G, anterior view; H, posterior view; I, adductor muscle scars of left valve; J, hingement of left valve; K, hingement of right valve. L O, female specimens: L and M, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2018); N and O, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2019). L, left external view; M, right external view; N, internal view of left valve; O, internal valve of right valve. Scale bar indicates 200 μm for A H and L O, 50 µm for I, and 100 µm for J and K, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207894/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Figs 16</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD65918FDE785C3FD4FFA55" box="[611,642,1456,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,516,539]" captionTargetBox="[191,1358,222,452]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,495]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Carapaces of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A and B, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004). A, left external view; B, right external view. Each of the carapace structures are transmitted images. Scale bar indicates 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207895/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">17</figureCitation>
). Depressed dorso-ventrally and elongated. Rounded triangular-shaped outline in anterior view and upside-down heart shaped outline in posterior view. External surface smooth. In lateral view, anterior margin rounded, antero-ventral margin concaved and posterior margins rounded forming a pointed distal tip with ventral margin. Ventral area flat. All pore systems simple
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FC59866EFBC0F9A8" box="[989,1037,1565,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
and 64 per valve. Marginal infold broad in anterior area and narrow in posterior area. Two vein-like structures running forward on inner surface of centre of anterior marginal infold. Vestibula occupying most area of marginal infold. Left valve overlapping right valve along anterior, posterior and mid-ventral margins. Hingement of adont
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD65918FB8286FAFBF7F93C" box="[1030,1082,1673,1697]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
. Four adductor muscle scars in oblique row.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD65918FF4386A3FE53F879" blockId="17.[151,1437,916,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD65918FF4386A3FEF7F975" box="[199,314,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Antennula</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD65918FECF86A3FE53F975" box="[331,414,1744,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="50">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
A). Five articulated podomeres. First podomere short, distorted trapezoid: thin framework extended along posterior margin. Second podomere five and half times as long as first podomere, with one medium seta on outside of distal end and long setulae along middle of anterior margin. Third podomere one-third as long as second podomere and bare. Fourth podomere three times as long as third podomere, with one very short seta on middle of anterior margin, one long and two medium setae on antero-distal end, one long seta on middle of posterior margin and one long seta on postero-distal end. Fifth podomere two-fifths as long as fourth podomere, with one very long, one long seta, and one pair of basally fused setae composed of slender and round-tipped setae on distal end, respectively.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3B6679FFD5591BFF138685FDE4F87E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207894/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[270,1326,193,1746]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD5591BFF138685FDE4F87E" blockId="18.[151,1436,1782,2019]" pageId="18" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD5591BFF138685FED2F896" bold="true" box="[151,287,1782,1805]" pageId="18" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
Carapaces of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD5591BFE368685FD1FF891" box="[434,722,1782,1804]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="18" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD5591BFE368685FD1FF891" box="[434,722,1782,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="51">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD5591BFD5C8684FCE4F891" box="[728,809,1783,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD5591BFD5C8684FCE4F891" bold="true" box="[728,809,1783,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
AK, male specimens: A and B, Paratype (SUM-CO-2005); C and D, Paratype (SUM-CO-2006); E, Paratype (SUM-CO-2007); F, Paratype (SUM-CO-2008); G, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2009); H, Paratype (SUM-CO-2010); IK, Paratype (SUM-CO-2011). A, left external lateral view; B, right external lateral view; C, internal view of left valve; D, internal view of right valve; E, dorsal view; F, ventral view; G, anterior view; H, posterior view; I, adductor muscle scars of left valve; J, hingement of left valve; K, hingement of right valve. LO, female specimens: L and M, Paratype (SUM-CO-2018); N and O, Paratype (SUM-CO-2019). L, left external view; M, right external view; N, internal view of left valve; O, internal valve of right valve. Scale bar indicates 200 μm for AH and LO, 50 µm for I, and 100 µm for J and K, respectively.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3B6679FFD4591AFF138277FB63FDA4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207895/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[191,1358,222,452]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF138277FB63FDA4" blockId="19.[151,1436,516,569]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF138277FED2FD87" bold="true" box="[151,287,516,539]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
Carapaces of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD4591AFE2B8276FD04FD86" box="[431,713,517,539]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFE2B8276FD04FD86" box="[431,713,517,539]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD4591AFD548276FCEDFD87" box="[720,800,517,538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFD548276FCEDFD87" bold="true" box="[720,800,517,538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
A and B, Holotype (SUM-CO-2004). A, left external view; B, right external view. Each of the carapace structures are transmitted images. Scale bar indicates 200 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF438215FDABFCAF" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF438215FEE8FDE3" box="[199,293,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFEBD8215FE5FFDE3" box="[313,402,614,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
B). Four articulated podomeres. First podomere with unclear three-segmented spinneret (exopodite) on outside distal end. Second podomere two-fifths as long as first podomere, with one medium seta on postero-distal end. Third podomere three times as long as second podomere, with one medium and one short setae on antero-medial suture, one medium seta on middle of posterior margin and one short seta on postero-distal end. Fourth podomere one-fifth as long as third podomere, with setulous-tipped claw on antero-distal end and one short and one thick setae on postero-distal end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF43834DFDCBFBCF" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF43834DFE8FFCCB" box="[199,322,830,854]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Mandibula</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFED5834DFE6FFCCB" box="[337,418,830,854]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
C). Coxal plate long, with one thick seta on antero-ventral part, two setae between first and second anterior coxal endites, and one seta between third and fourth anterior coxal endites. Seven coxal endites. Palp consisting of four articulated podomeres. First podomere with very long and setulous seta (exopodite) on outside proximal end and one medium seta on ventro-distal end. Second podomere five-fourths as long as first podomere, with one long seta on ventro-distal end. Third podomere two-thirds as long as second podomere, with two very long and setulous and one long and setulous setae on middle of dorsal margin, two long setae on ventro-distal end and one long seta on inside distal end. Fourth podomere one-third as long as third podomere, with one very long and two long setae on distal end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF43842DFB7FFB7F" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF43842DFEF9FBEB" box="[199,308,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Maxillula</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFEC7842DFE58FBEB" box="[323,405,1118,1142]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
D). Thin branchial plate (exopodite) with ten setae. Basal podomere with one palp and three endites. Palp consisting of two indistinct podomeres: first podomere with three long setae on dorso-distal end and three long setae on ventro-distal end; second podomere as long as first podomere, with two long setae on distal end. Endites: dorsal one with six setae; middle one with five setae, and ventral one with four setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF43849DFAD5FAEF" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF43849DFEFAFA9B" box="[199,311,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fifth limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFEC3849DFE57FA9B" box="[327,410,1262,1286]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
E). Four articulated podomeres. First podomere with one medium seta on antero-distal end and long seta on postero-proximal part. Second podomere four-thirds as long as first podomere, with one medium seta on antero-distal end. Bare third podomere two-fifths as long as second podomere. Fourth podomere six-fifths as long as second podomere, with setulae along middle of anterior margin and stout claw on distal end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF43850DFE71F92B" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF43850DFEFAFA0B" box="[199,311,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Sixth limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFEC1850DFE59FA0B" box="[325,404,1406,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
F, G). Remarkably reduced leg in male (
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFCD6850DFC6EFA0B" box="[850,931,1406,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
G): three articulated podomeres; first podomere with one medium seta on antero-proximal part, one short seta on antero-distal end, one medium and setulous seta on middle of postero-proximal part and setulae along postero-proximal margin; second podomere nine-tenths as long as first podomere, with one long seta on antero-distal end; third podomere three-fifths as long as second podomere, with one setulous and undeveloped claw on distal end. Normal walking leg in female (
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFB6B867DFA8CF9BB" box="[1263,1345,1550,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
H): four articulated podomeres; first podomere with one medium seta on antero-distal end and one long seta on posteroproximal part; second podomere four-fifths as long as first podomere, with one very short seta on antero-distal end; third podomere three-sevenths as long as second podomere; fourth podomere three-halves as long as third podomere, with stout distal claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD4591AFF4386B1FAF4F84B" blockId="19.[151,1437,614,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD4591AFF4386B1FE9BF947" box="[199,342,1730,1754]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Seventh limb</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFEE186B1FE7BF947" box="[357,438,1730,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
H, I). Four articulated podomeres. First podomere with one medium setulous seta on postero-proximal part and one short setulous seta on antero-distal end. Second podomere nine-eighths as long as first podomere, with one short seta on antero-distal end. Third podomere one-third as long as second podomere with short setulae distally along one-third of anterior margin. Fourth podomere five-thirds as long as third podomere, with one stout distal claw and setulae along antero-distal margin. Distal claw sexual dimorphic: in male (
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFAA38721FABAF8F7" box="[1319,1399,1874,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
H), thick with two short stout spines on antero-proximal part, hook-shaped structure developing on distal end, one very short seta on posterior part near hook-shaped structure and setulae along antero-distal margin to proximal part of hook-shaped structure; in female (
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD4591AFD9287CDFDAAF84B" box="[534,615,1982,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="52">
Fig.
<date id="FFFA1031FFD4591AFDCE87CDFDAAF84B" box="[586,615,1982,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="52" value="1918-01">18</date>
</figureCitation>
I), only with setulae distally along two-thirds of anterior margin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3B6679FFD3591DFF1387D1FA43F86B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD3591DFF1387D1FA43F86B" blockId="20.[151,1437,1954,2038]" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD3591DFF1387D1FEECF825" bold="true" box="[151,289,1954,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
Appendages of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD3591DFE4987D1FD23F825" box="[461,750,1954,1976]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD3591DFE4987D1FD23F825" box="[461,750,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD3591DFD7187D0FC8AF825" box="[757,839,1955,1976]" pageId="20" pageNumber="53" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD3591DFD7187D0FC8AF825" bold="true" box="[757,839,1955,1976]" pageId="20" pageNumber="53">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
AF, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO-2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO-2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF13830DFE24FC4F" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<table id="F944C451FFD2A6F6FF13830DFA51FC4F" box="[151,1436,894,978]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<tr id="357434B3FFD2A6F6FF13830DFA51FC08" box="[151,1436,894,917]" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<th id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FF13830DFDD8FC08" box="[151,533,894,917]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF13830DFED2FC09" bold="true" box="[151,287,894,917]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
Male copulatory organs
</th>
<th id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FD98830DFBA0FC08" box="[540,1133,894,917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFDB3830CFC9FFC08" box="[567,850,895,917]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFDB3830CFC9FFC08" box="[567,850,895,917]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFCD3830CFC65FC09" bold="true" box="[855,936,895,916]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD2591CFCD3830CFC65FC09" box="[855,936,895,916]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A and B, Holotype
</th>
<th id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FBF0830DFA51FC08" box="[1140,1436,894,917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">(SUM-CO-2004). A, internal</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357434B3FFD2A6F6FF1383EEFA51FC2E" box="[151,1436,925,947]" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<th id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FF1383EEFDD8FC2E" box="[151,533,925,947]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">view of right organ; B, internal view</th>
<td id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FD9883EEFBA0FC2E" box="[540,1133,925,947]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">of left organ. Copulatory ducts are shaded. Abbreviation:</td>
<td id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FBF083EEFA51FC2E" box="[1140,1436,925,947]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Tc, tip of capsule; Dl, Distal</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357434B3FFD2A6F6FF1383CFFA51FC4F" box="[151,1436,956,978]" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76A55DCFFFD2A6F6FF1383CFFDD8FC4F" box="[151,533,956,978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">lobe. Scale bar indicates 100 µm.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF43838CFF20FBA6" blockId="21.[151,1437,1023,1443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF43838CFE20FB8A" box="[199,493,1023,1047]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Male brush-shaped organ</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD2591CFE7B838CFD9FFB8A" box="[511,594,1023,1047]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[209,1372,203,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[201,1388,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 18. Appendages of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov. A F, H and J, Holotype (SUM-CO- 2004); G and I, Paratype (SUM-CO- 2016). A, antennula; B, antenna; C, mandibula; D, maxillula; E, fifth limb; F, sixth limb of male; G, sixth limb of female; H, seventh limb of male; I, distal part of seventh limb of female; J, brush-shaped organ. Scale bar indicates 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207896/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
J). Consisting of two branches, each branch with about 16 setae on distal margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF438434FE28FB72" blockId="21.[151,1437,1023,1443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF438434FE00FBC2" box="[199,461,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Male copulatory organ</emphasis>
(Fig. 19A, B). Capsule of both hemipenes trapezoidal. Flexible copulatory duct (Cd) extremely long, more than five times of length of capsule. Tip of capsule (Tc) and distal lobe (Dl) remarkably asymmetric in right and left hemipenes. Right hemipenis (Fig. 19A): Tc and Dl fused and round-tipped. Left hemipenis (Fig. 19B): Tc strongly sclerotised, claw-shaped and ventrally curved; Dl slender, ventrally curved at distal third, and round-tipped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF438488FE08FAC6" blockId="21.[151,1437,1023,1443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF438488FE72FA8E" box="[199,447,1275,1299]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Caudal part of female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A74FFD2591CFE4B8488FDECFA8E" box="[463,545,1275,1299]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,676,699]" captionTargetBox="[227,1404,211,620]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,143,672]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Caudal part of female. A, Paracobanocythere watanabei sp. nov., right lateral view (Paratype, SUM-CO- 2001); B, Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov., left lateral view (Paratype, SUM-CO- 2017). Scale bars indicate 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207893/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
B). Genitalia consisting of sclerotised frame-work connected to round structure and pouch with very long duct. Caudal rami near genitalia, with one seta. One seta posteriorly near caudal rami. Caudal process very small.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF43851BFE9BFAE2" blockId="21.[151,1437,1023,1443]" box="[199,342,1383,1407]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF43851BFF3CFAE2" box="[199,241,1384,1407]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Eye</emphasis>
. Absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF4185F9FE2BFA3E" blockId="21.[151,1437,1023,1443]" box="[197,486,1418,1443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF4185F9FE9AFA3E" bold="true" box="[197,343,1418,1443]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Dimensions.</emphasis>
See
<tableCitation id="C6C6034AFFD2591CFE0985F8FE2FFA3E" box="[397,482,1419,1443]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="21.[151,235,1486,1507]" captionText="TABLE 4. Dimensions of valves of Paracobanocythere grandis sp. nov." pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3B6679FFD2591CFF1385BDFCB5FA7E" box="[151,888,1485,1508]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF1385BDFCB5FA7E" blockId="21.[151,1432,1485,1763]" box="[151,888,1485,1508]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF1385BDFEC9FA7E" bold="true" box="[151,260,1486,1507]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
Dimensions of valves of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFD8385BDFCEFFA79" box="[519,802,1486,1508]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFD8385BDFCEFFA79" box="[519,802,1486,1508]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD2591CFCAC85BDFCB5FA7E" box="[808,888,1486,1507]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFD15858CFA55F988" blockId="21.[151,1432,1485,1763]" box="[657,1432,1535,1557]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Length (µm) Height (µm)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFE7C865AFAB9F97E" blockId="21.[151,1432,1485,1763]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
Mean Observed range
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFCFE865AFC46F9A3" box="[890,907,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">N</emphasis>
Mean Observed range
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFAE3865AFAB5F9A3" box="[1383,1400,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">N</emphasis>
Male Right valve 491 481503 5 160 157165 5 Left valve 508 497519 4 170 166175
<specimenCount id="9D42FD78FFD2591CFAE38608FF27F927" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" type="female">4 Female</specimenCount>
Right valve 464 457471 5 154 151158 5 Left valve 478 466486 5 166 162171 5
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF418751FCCEF8A6" blockId="21.[151,1436,1826,2032]" box="[197,771,1826,1852]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF418751FE9AF8A6" bold="true" box="[197,343,1826,1851]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Occurrence.</emphasis>
So far known only from
<typeStatus id="54FF8853FFD2591CFDF68757FD6FF8A1" box="[626,674,1828,1852]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35E657AFFD2591CFF418734FCBBF86D" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFB36F1FFD2591CFF418734FCBBF86D" blockId="21.[151,1436,1826,2032]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFF418734FEF4F8C2" bold="true" box="[197,313,1863,1887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFEC58734FDB6F8C2" box="[321,635,1863,1887]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFEC58734FDB6F8C2" box="[321,635,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">Paracobanocythere grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFD078734FD13F8C2" bold="true" box="[643,734,1863,1887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD2591CFD078734FD13F8C2" box="[643,734,1863,1887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has some unique characters compared with its congeners,
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFAFE873BFE30F81E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
i.e.
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFF138718FE30F81E" box="[151,509,1899,1923]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hawaiiensis">Paracobanocythere hawaiiensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFDB0871FFD09F81E" box="[564,708,1899,1923]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watanabei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFDB0871FFD09F81E" box="[564,708,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">P. watanabei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFD4E8718FCE9F81E" bold="true" box="[714,804,1899,1923]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD2591CFD4E8718FCE9F81E" box="[714,804,1899,1923]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The sexual dimorphism of the distal claw of the seventh limb is so far observed in only
<taxonomicName id="4C444D72FFD2591CFE7487E3FDACF83A" box="[496,609,1935,1959]" class="Ostracoda" family="Cobanocytheridae" genus="Paracobanocythere" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFE7487E3FDACF83A" box="[496,609,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">P. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B930EAE3FFD2591CFDE387FCFD0DF83A" bold="true" box="[615,704,1935,1959]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2035798FFD2591CFDE387FCFD0DF83A" box="[615,704,1935,1959]" pageId="21" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The proximal spines and hook-shaped structure might play a role in mating behaviour of male, e.g. clasping female or giving physical stimulus to female. This new species is also characterised by the extremely long Cd of male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>