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<mods:title id="CF332EEA86923A13AC3BDF8EDFAB4DCA">First illustrated description of the male of Diphya macrophthalma, the type species of the genus (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FE8CFF7BFDBBFF15" ID-CoL="463X" authority="Nicolet, 1849" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1849" box="[346,579,215,239]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FE8CFF7BFDBBFF15" bold="true" box="[346,579,215,239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FE8CFF7BFE52FF15" bold="true" box="[346,426,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FE67FF7BFDBBFF15" author="NICOLET, A. C." box="[433,579,215,239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="319 - 543" refId="ref3865" refString="NICOLET, A. C. 1849. Aracnidos. In: GAY, C. ed. Historia fisica y politica de Chile, Zoologia 3: 319 - 543." type="journal article" year="1849">Nicolet, 1849</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE510860F4CFFE4FF41FEB9FE6BFED2" author="NICOLET, A. C." box="[151,403,277,296]" page="406" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1849">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FF41FEB9FE6BFED2" ID-CoL="463X" authority="NICOLET, 1849: 406" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityPageNumber="406" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,403,277,296]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FF41FEB9FF21FED2" box="[151,217,277,296]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FF37FEB9FE6BFED2" author="NICOLET, A. C." box="[225,403,277,296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="319 - 543" refId="ref3865" refString="NICOLET, A. C. 1849. Aracnidos. In: GAY, C. ed. Historia fisica y politica de Chile, Zoologia 3: 319 - 543." type="journal article" year="1849">NICOLET, 1849:406</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE510860F4CFFE4FE49FEB9FDC6FED2" author="SIMON, E." box="[415,574,277,296]" page="744" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FE49FEB9FDC6FED2" author="SIMON, E." box="[415,574,277,296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="489 - 760" refId="ref3960" refString="SIMON, E. 1894. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris 1, p. 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">SIMON, 1894:744</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE510860F4CFFE4FD9FFEB9FCFBFED2" author="TULLGREN, A." box="[585,771,277,296]" page="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FD9FFEB9FCFBFED2" author="TULLGREN, A." box="[585,771,277,296]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref4053" refString="TULLGREN, A. 1902. Spiders collected in the Aysen Valley by Mr P. DUsen. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 28 (4; 1): 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1902">TULLGREN, 1902:24</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE510860F4CFFE4FF6BFE83FE89FEBB" author="TANIKAWA, A." box="[189,369,302,322]" page="102" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FF6BFE83FE89FEBB" author="TANIKAWA, A." box="[189,369,302,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="101 - 111" refId="ref3980" refString="TANIKAWA, A. 1995. Two new species of the spider genus Diphya (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) from Japan and Taiwan, with notes on the known species. Acta Arachnologica 44: 101 - 111." type="journal article" year="1995">TANIKAWA, 1995:102</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; ÁLVAREZ- PADILLA &amp; HORMIGA, 2011:756.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35E651C0F4CFFE4FF35FEC0FDC7FC9C" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFB36970F4CFFE4FF35FEC0FD64FE5E" blockId="1.[150,776,363,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="54FF88350F4CFFE4FF35FEC0FEE0FE7E" box="[227,280,364,388]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FEA1FEC7FCFFFE79" authority="Nicolet, 1849" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1849" box="[375,775,363,387]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophthalma">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FEA1FEC7FD8AFE79" box="[375,626,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya macrophthalma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FDA1FEC7FCFFFE79" author="NICOLET, A. C." box="[631,775,363,387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="319 - 543" refId="ref3865" refString="NICOLET, A. C. 1849. Aracnidos. In: GAY, C. ed. Historia fisica y politica de Chile, Zoologia 3: 319 - 543." type="journal article" year="1849">Nicolet, 1849</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from central
<collectingCountry id="F35376070F4CFFE4FEF6FE27FEA4FE59" box="[288,348,395,419]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Chile</collectingCountry>
, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B660F4CFFE4FDD4FE20FD60FE5E" author="SIMON, E." box="[514,664,396,420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="489 - 760" refId="ref3960" refString="SIMON, E. 1894. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris 1, p. 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">SIMON (1894)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36970F4CFFE4FF35FE00FDC7FC9C" blockId="1.[150,776,363,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Diagnosis.
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FE81FE00FE5CFE3E" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1849" box="[343,420,428,452]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FE81FE00FE5CFE3E" box="[343,420,428,452]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the best delimited genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FF65FE60FEA9FE1E" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[179,337,460,484]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tetragnathidae</taxonomicName>
due to eye pattern and spination of legs I and II. ALE as well as posterior eyes are greatly enlarged and at least 2 times larger than AME (vs. all eyes equal in size, or if sizes heterogeneous, lateral eyes are smallest). In addition to large size, the lateral eyes in
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FD94FDE1FD69FD9F" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1849" box="[578,657,589,613]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FD94FDE1FD69FD9F" box="[578,657,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are widely spaced. This character (spaced lateral eyes) is known in only a few
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FF0EFD21FEA1FD5F" box="[216,345,653,677]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FF0EFD21FEA1FD5F" box="[216,345,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tetragnatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, were all eyes are of equal size. Another character that allows
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FE50FD01FE2FFD3F" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1849" box="[390,471,685,709]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Diphya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EA850F4CFFE4FE50FD01FE2FFD3F" box="[390,471,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diphya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be separated from other tetragnathids is retrolateral row of stiff sUbdecUmbent setae on legs I and II (
<figureCitation id="137F2A120F4CFFE4FE9CFD41FE18FCFC" box="[330,480,749,774]" captionStart="Figs 1‒8" captionStartId="2.[151,188,1418,1437]" captionTargetBox="[246,1320,151,1389]" captionTargetId="figure-87@2.[246,1342,151,1389]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1‒8. Somatic characters of Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849: 1, 2, female habitus, dorsal; 3, female habitus, ventral; 4, 5, male prosoma, frontal and dorsal; 6, male habitus, dorsal; 7, male prosoma, ventral; 8, female prosoma, ventral. Fig. 2, holotype, made by Tanikawa. Scale = 0.2 mm if not otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13265004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13265004/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 1, 2, 4, 8</figureCitation>
) forming kind of capturing basket. Males of species occurring in
<collectingCountry id="F35376070F4CFFE4FDF9FCA2FD91FCDC" box="[559,617,782,806]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Chile</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F35376070F4CFFE4FD4BFCA2FCFFFCDC" box="[669,775,782,806]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Argentina</collectingCountry>
can be distinguished from all other
<taxonomicName id="4C444D140F4CFFE4FDD7FC82FD64FCBC" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[513,668,814,838]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tetragnathidae</taxonomicName>
by having tibial apophysis (
<figureCitation id="137F2A120F4CFFE4FE9AFCE2FE1AFC9C" box="[332,482,846,870]" captionStart="Figs 9‒15" captionStartId="3.[151,188,1440,1459]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,154,1423]" captionTargetId="figure-37@3.[156,1432,151,1423]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 9‒15. Male palp of Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849: 9, whole palp, retrolateral; 10, 11, terminal part of palp, retro-ventral and antero-ventral; 12, same, prolateral; 13, 14 same, anterior and dorsal; 15, terminal part of the bulb, retrolateral (Am, accompanying membrane; Co, conductor; Da, dorso-retrolateral apophysis; Em, embolus; Ev, embolus ventrally; Pd, spine like dorsal part; Tg, tegulum). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13265006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13265006/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 9, 12, 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137F2A120F4CFFE4FE3BFCE2FDCBFC9C" box="[493,563,846,870]" captionStart="Figs 16‒24" captionStartId="4.[151,187,1489,1508]" captionTargetBox="[210,1378,151,1468]" captionTargetId="figure-36@4.[210,1378,151,1468]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 16‒24. Male palp and epigyne of Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849: 16, 17 terminal part of palp with removed bulb, ventro-retrolateral, retrolateral and dorso-retrolateral; 19‒21 bUlb, dorsal, anterior and prolateral-anterior; 22 epigyne, ventral; 23 epigyne, dorsal; 24 anterior chamber of receptacle with glands (Am, accompanying membrane; Co, conductor; Cd, copulatory ducts; Da, dorso-retrolateral apophysis; Em, embolus; Ef, epigynal furrow; Ev, embolus ventrally; Fo, fovea; Gc, gland cilia; Mp, median plate; Oc, copulatory opening; Pc, central plate; Pd, dorsal part of paracymbium; Pi, pit; Pm, marginal plate. Scale = 0.1 mm if not otherwise indicated." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13265008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13265008/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">16‒18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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